INTRODUCTION

When restoring human matter with numerical concentrations, the following methods can be used:

1) Read the numbers of the series corresponding to the restored matter, written after the name of the matter;

2) Mentally pronounce the numbers of the series corresponding to the restored matter;

3) Look at the image or name of the matter and mentally pronounce the numbers of the corresponding row;

4) Imagine that you are between the numbers of the series corresponding to the matter being recreated, having a large size. The numbers between which you imagine yourself, you need to strive to perceive distinctly. The light from these numbers can reach you. The above actions can be performed with any numbers in the series.

5) Imagine that you are looking at a number series from above.

6) Represent a numerical series in the area that you are restoring. To do this, you need to use the image of matter given in this book, relating to the number series you are using.

7) Represent the numerical series between the image of matter and part of the mirror image given in this book that relate to the number series used.

8) By comparing the numbers of the series, you can determine the relationship between the various human matter that controls the norm. It is possible to restore matter using a series of other matter. In this case, when using the numerical series of the matter that is being restored, you can simultaneously or sequentially use the numerical series of other matter. From the numerical series of other matter, you can first concentrate on the numbers that coincide with the numbers of the series of the matter being restored. Then you can use the entire numerical series of other matter, mentally drawing a light beam from it that intersects the numerical series of the matter or the matter itself that you are restoring.

When perceiving a rapid restorative effect, you can determine the next point or area in the organism after the matter being restored itself, through which the restored matter is created. This next point or area will then be in other matter, through whose numerical series the restoration of the matter you have chosen is carried out. There may be many subsequent points or areas through which the creation of matter is carried out. The first point or area of creation of the selected matter is in the matter itself.

Having established the points or areas of creation of the restored matter by using numerical series, it is possible to restore the matter by concentrating on these points or areas. In this case, a spiritual state is established that corresponds to the restoration and norm of the selected matter.

Remembering and establishing the indicated state of the spirit, it is possible to restore the matter with the spirit, which is thus life-giving. Then it is possible to extend such spiritual action to all the matter of the organism, taking into account external events, and thereby achieve a spiritual state that corresponds to eternal development. In certain cases, depending on the angle of perception, different numerical series may correspond to the restored matter.

9) To speed up the restoration of human matter, gaps in numerical series can be perceived as gaps between words in a sentence. Then, for each numerical component of the entire series, separated by a space, you can consider the word that means the normal functioning of matter, to which the series corresponds. Creator the level that creates matter corresponding to the numerical series, and the matter of the whole organism can be perceived, trying to perceive such a word. Light, creating matter corresponding to the numerical series, spreads according to the laws of optics on all other matter of the human body and on the environment. Here you can understand why Some sensations and emotions are perceived as external.

This allows for more accurate recognition of where on the level

event management must act on the basis of the interaction of body tissues and where on the basis of interactions of the body's matter and the environment. This method of precise recognition allows more effectively manage events to the level of the normal state of the body's matter, regardless of any circumstances.

With this method, you simultaneously perceive the tissue of the body and the events surrounding the person. as if you were looking at what was described with your physical sight. And depending on the situation, you can take solution – how to act in the direction of eternal development. In some cases, you can take physical actions and in some periods to produce spiritual action to normalize events in the direction of eternal life.

This perception of yours develops your spirit, soul and physical body to the level at which creation of human matter occurs on a spiritual basis. Numbers allow us to obtain an accurate spiritual state, corresponding to the norm of human matter. To strengthen control, you can use the well-known, that is, knowledge from physics about the corpuscular-wave duality of matter, widely entrenched in the collective consciousness, according to which any object can exhibit both wave properties and the properties of a particle of matter.

Creating by concentrating on the number series of light waves corresponding to the norm of human matter, you create

normally functioning human matter.

All data in this book on the methods of restoring human matter using numerical concentrations can be use for preventive health purposes, for rejuvenation, if necessary to restore matter, and regardless of the initial data from which the matter is restored.

When using the specified In points 1 through 9 of the introduction of methods, the following can be taken into account:

1. For preventive purposes, it is advisable to carry out health improvement with the simultaneous distribution the effects of numerical concentrations on the future.

2. When rejuvenating, it is advisable to first consistently concentrate on the number series, located in the content, taking into account the task of eternal development, then concentrate on the matter that you

locally rejuvenate.

3. By restoring the body's matter, it is possible to produce numerical concentrations of successively different given in the book in the ways. In this case, it is possible to use both the numerical series corresponding to the reconstructed matter, as well as the numerical series of the area that includes the matter that you are restoring.

4. If it is necessary to restore matter after biological death, then one should concentrate on numbers first sequentially from left to right, then in reverse order from right to left.

The spiritual impulse that creates human matter allows for the expansion of recovery methods.

In restoring the matter of man, one must strive to develop the spiritual level to a state in which human matter is created and functions by spiritual action along with biological and event-based

principles.

Such a spiritual state, when implementing the methods of eternal development, should ensure complete restoration of human matter regardless of initial data and any circumstances.

HEMOPOIETIC SYSTEM AND

IMMUNE PROTECTION 219 648 317 918

Fig. 1 Organs of the immune system: 214 317 498 817:

1 – adenoids 471 219 319 819

2 – palatine tonsils 428 641 478 591

3 – thoracic lymphatic duct 514 715 914 815

4 – subclavian vein 598 317 898 214

5 – lymph nodes 514 317 219 419

6 – spleen 548 711 918 321

7 – Peyer's patches 598 721 398 641

8 – small intestine 528 317 428 717

9 – red bone marrow 598 492 319 016

10 – lymphatic vessels 598 064 571 389

11 – right lymphatic duct 418 481 499 164

12 – thymus (thymus gland) 481 914 319 814

13 – Large intestine 591 488 898 217

14 – appendix 529 317 899 228

Central organs of hematopoiesis and

immune defense 416 489 319 641

Fig. 2 Red bone marrow: 497 214 218 641:

1 – stem cell 451 618 719 481

2 – platelets 649 317 498 714

3 – erythrocyte 214 719 319 818

4 – monocyte 519 671 319 648

5 – lymphocyte 516 318 948 714

6 – basophil 319 648 719 814

7 – eosinophil 549 316 718 491

8 – neutrophil 467 589 891 648

9 – red (hematopoietic) bone marrow 497 214 218 641

10 – feeding artery 641 849 317 914

Fig. 3 Lobe of the thymus gland

(building) 519 713 219 498:

I – Cortex 519 648 219714

II – Medulla 319 498 516 814

1 – capsule 598 317 948 567

2 – partition 968 319 594 217

3 – macrophage 947 368 249 714

4 – epithelial cell of the cortex (cell –

nanny) 549 361 897 217

5 – thymocyte of the cortical layer 564 891 218 647

6 – epithelial cell of the medulla

574 016 217 498

7 – dendritic epithelial cell 598 671 390 149

8 – thymocyte of the medulla 531 649 174 061

9 – Hassal’s corpuscle 914 864 719 472

Peripheral organs of hematopoiesis and

immune defense 794 916 219 481

Fig. 4 Spleen (structure) 548 711 918 321:

1 – fibrous membrane 589 491 317 548

2 – trabecula of the spleen 317 489 896 104

3 – lymphoid follicles of the spleen

517 218 496 471

4 – venous sinuses 594 328 697 541

5 – white pulp 589 674 198 491

6 – red pulp 589 671 318 494

Fig. 5 Structure of the lymph node

591 148 319 888:

1 – capsule 519 848 718 949

2 – trabecula 518 716 918 317

3 – crossbar 898 749 219 317

4 – cortex 519 421 319 281

5 – follicles 898 715 984 355

6 – afferent lymphatic vessels

598 741 288 511

7 – brain substance 498 641 319 817

8 – efferent lymphatic vessels

512 789 319 489

9 – gate of the lymph node 598 681 724 918

Unified immune system of the mucous membranes

674 981 219 496

Fig. 6 Palatine tonsil

(location in the oral cavity)

514 218 319 671:

1 – palatine tonsil 514 218 319 671

Fig. 7 Palatine tonsil (structure)

514 218 319 671:

1 – gaps 894 316 548 917

2 – lymphatic follicles 598 641 317 214

3 – lacunae openings 349 548 671 214

Fig. 8 Lymphoid nodules (in the wall of the appendix)

319 648 317 498:

1 – wall of appendix 217 214 218 641

2 – lymphoid nodules 319 648 317 498

3 – epithelial cover 218 491 016 648

Fig. 9 Lymphoid nodules and lymphoid plaque

in the wall of the small intestine 249 317 498 641:

1 – lymphoid nodules 548 547 198 678

2 – lymphoid plaque 589 641 948 581

Fig. 10 Antigen presenting cells (APC)

598 647 319 591:

I – Langerhans cell 548 491 619 891

1 – Langerhans cell 548 491 619 891

2 – keratinocytes 516 891 719 478

3 – epidermis 598 718 889 888

4 – basement membrane 689 497 597 814

II – follicular dendritic cell

594 716 219 819

III – interdigital cell 548 217 319 471

IV – dendritic cell of the germinal centers

549 621 891 719

BLOOD CELLS 549681219717

Fig. 11 Red blood cells: 467 198 219 814:

1 – blood reticulocyte (immature erythrocyte)

691 218 498 514

2 – red blood cells 467 198 219 814

Rice. 12 Erythrocytopoiesis: 489 617 519 318:

1 – erythroblast 589 649 218 717

2 – pronormocyte 218 719 814 798

3 – basophilic normocyte 496 198 217 248

4 – orthochromic normocyte 496 814 219 817

5 – polychromatophilic normocyte 598 694 197 281

6 – erythrocyte 214 719 319 818

Fig. 13 Thrombocytopoiesis: 481 249 016 914:

1 – megakaryoblast 894 316 218 516

2 – promegakaryocyte 481 216 318 491

3 – megakaryocyte 471 218 694 271

4 – platelets 649 317 498 714

Thrombopoietin 890 648 019 312

Leukocytes 694 218 574 271

Agranulocytes 548 274 298 641

Fig. 14 Lymphocytopoiesis: 648 041 298 471:

I – B – lymphocytes 518 541 316 218

1 – B – lymphoblast 316 491 519 618

2 – immature B – lymphocyte 518 491 217 496

3 – mature B – lymphocyte 498 164 019 981

II – T – lymphocytes 467 198 964 217

1 – T – lymphoblast 316 514 816 274

2 – immature T – lymphocyte 619 754 218 316

3 – mature T – lymphocyte 689 148 686 217

Fig. 15. Monocytopoiesis. Formation

monocytes and macrophages

496 514 218 471:

1 – monocytoblast 319 471 819 498

2 – promonocyte 619 814 516 714

3 – monocyte 519 671 319 648

4 – macrophage 947 368 249 714

Granulocytes 918 547 219 714

Fig. 16 Granulocytopoiesis: 214 617 218 549:

I – formation of basophilic granulocytes

584 316 318 491

1 – myeloblast 549 641 894 317

2 – promyelocyte 496 548 219 641

3 – myelocyte 517 219 498 641

4 – metamyelocyte 894 216 219 891

5 – band basophil 217 214 619 061

6 – segmented basophil 648 918 818 491

II – formation of eosinophilic granulocytes

496 549 718 546

1 – myeloblast 549 641 894 317

2 – promyelocyte 496 548 219 641

3 – myelocyte 517 219 498 641

4 – metamyelocyte 894 216 219 891

5 – band eosinophil 549 648 598 748

6 – segmented eosinophil 548 461 719 496

III – formation of neutrophilic granulocytes

564 581 498 641

1 – myeloblast 549 641 894 317

2 – promyelocyte 496 548 219 641

3 – myelocyte 517 219 498 641

4 – metamyelocyte 894 216 219 891

5 – band neutrophil 568 191 219 714

6 – segmented neutrophil 894 961 068 971

DENTOALVEOLAR SYSTEM 216 548 219 716

Bones of the facial part of the skull 219 715 819 815

Fig. 17 Upper jaw (lateral view)

519 371 919 811

1 – orbital surface 398 216 718 226

2 – infraorbital groove 319 717 819 227

3 – zygomatic process 419 312 214 222

4 – alveolar openings 214 712 814 229

5 – temporal surface 538 722 918 222

6 – front surface 548 888 019 648

7 – canine fossa 539 717 819 317

8 – anterior nasal spine 529 513 919 813

9 – body of the upper jaw 548712 818 212

10 – nasal notch 548 716 298 444

11 – infraorbital canal 319 717 819 217

12 – infraorbital foramen 489 061 298 541

13 – zygomaticomaxillary suture 214 711 898 211

14 – frontal process 590 421 019 481

15 – lacrimal edge 548 884 918 888

16 – infraorbital margin 512 219 312 919

Fig. 18 Upper jaw (left) (view from

medial side) 421 718 911 328:

1 – frontal process 590 421 019 481

2 – nasal surface 598 648 319 711

3 – anterior nasal spine 529 513 919 813

4 – pterygopalatine groove 428 321 814 221

5 – maxillary sinus

519 321 814 471

Fig. 19 Lower jaw 514 712 814 312:

1 – head of the lower jaw 548 321 848 721

2 – pterygoid fossa 519 317 919 007

3 – neck of the lower jaw 319 814 919 714

4, 5 – branches of the lower jaw 518 317 918 001

6 – angle of the lower jaw 548 219 289 008

7 – lower jaw canal 009 217 319 227

8 – temporal crest 418 317 228 227

9 – opening of the lower jaw 489 201 319 871

10 – coronoid process 528 317 918 228

11 – lower jaw notch 419 317 819 828

12 – condylar process 891 319 898 789

Fig. 20. Osteochondral skeleton of the external nose

948 547 219 641:

1 – nasal bone 518 314 818 214

2 – minor cartilages of the wings of the nose 916 814 219 618

3 – greater cartilage of the ala of the nose 719 316 219 494

4 – accessory nasal cartilage 989 617 318 641

5 – lateral cartilage 289 671 318 491

Fig. 21 Nasal bone 518 314 818 214:

1 – internasal suture 514 314 218 578

2 – opening of the nasal bone 316 581 314 891

3 – free edge 598 641 719 471

Fig. 22 Inferior nasal concha 478 218 918 217:

A - view from the outside

B - view from inside

1 – lacrimal process 548 671 219 491

2 – ethmoid process 491 897 319 648

3 – maxillary process 589 671 918 491

Fig. 23 Zygomatic bone 899 817 818 317:

1 – frontal process 590 421 019 481

2 – orbital surface 398 216 718 226

3 – zygomatico-orbital foramen 481 467 219 891

4 – lateral surface 948 541 698 718

5 – temporal process 694 171 219 548

Fig. 24 Palatine bone (right) (external view)

641 214 918 516:

1 – sphenoid process 584 218 649 317

2 – sphenopalatine notch 549 641 219 811

3 – orbital process 549 674 317 581

4 – perpendicular plate 648 171 219 549

5 – horizontal plate 691 814 217 318

6 – greater palatine groove 394 698 598 714

7 – pyramidal process 691 218 514

Fig. 25 Palatine bone, right (internal view)

649 314 219 516:

1 – orbital process 549 674 317 581

2 – sphenopalatine notch 549 612 814 914

3 – sphenoid process 584 218 649 317

4 – pyramidal process 691 218 514 317

5 – horizontal plate 691 814 217 318

6 – perpendicular plate 648 171 219 549

7 – concha comb 698 314 218 597

8 – lattice comb 467 214 909 814

Teeth 698 314 819 516

Fig. 26 General structure of the tooth:

1 – tooth crown 319 594 938 716

2 – tooth neck 364 891 219 491

3 – tooth root 368 549 188 794

4 – dental tubercle 364 198 501 248

5 – belt 601 549 906 714

6 – root apex of the tooth 594 315 498 515

7 – dental enamel 618 374 898 161

8 – dentin, dental substance 548 314 819 716

9 – dental pulp, dental pulp 316 481 219 649

10 – crown pulp 318 691 378 549

11 – root pulp 471 649 398 591

12 – root canal of the tooth 894 160 498 497

13 – cement 314 861 219 492

Fig. 27 Structure of the tooth and surrounding tissues:

a – crown 319 594 938 716

b - root 368 549 188 794

1 – fissure 546 218 319 491

2 – dental enamel 618 374 898 161

3 – dentin 548 314 819 716

4 – pulp 316 481 219 649

5 – gingival groove 518 316 549 471

6 – gums 479 168 318 517

7 – periodontium 482 316 219 491

8 – nerve fibers 478 514 219 671

9 – arterial vessels 894 378 214 316

10 – venous vessels 319 681 214 784

11 – root cement 698 541 349 172

12 – root canal of the tooth 894 160 498 497

13 – apical foramen 485 694 319 718

14 – jaw bone 318 549 468 019

15 – main vascular-nerve bundle

589 314 694 817

Fig. 28 Structure of the maxillofacial segment:

1 – gingival fibers 461 519 819 479

2 – alveolar wall 584 216 319 481

3 – dental-alveolar fibers 584 167 219 491

4 – alveolar-gingival branch 479 581 316 594

5 – periodontal vessels 891 478 219 641

6 – artery and veins of the jaw 984 517 219 648

7 – dental branch of the nerve794 281 298 641

8 – alveolar floor 514 368 791 498

9 – tooth root 368 549 188 794

10 – tooth neck 364 891 219 491

11 – tooth crown 319 594 938 716

12 – interdental (interroot) fibers

314 548 914 281

Fig. 29 Teeth of the upper and lower jaws, permanent

(right) 594 819 498 716:

1 – upper molars (from left to right) 648 517 216 318

- upper molar III 498 516 318 914

- upper molar II 548 491 478 694

- upper molar I 369 481 319 478

2 – alveolar elevations of the upper jaw

594 318 498 614

3 – upper premolars (from left to right)

694 317 219 498

- upper premolar II 378 498 514 916

- upper premolar I 614 218 598 781

4 – alveolar process of the upper jaw 986 149 318 518

5 – upper canine 471 891 016 498

6 – upper incisors (from left to right)519 671 918 549

-lateral incisor 549 691 718 548

- medial incisor 914 501 604 981

7 – alveolar part of the lower jaw 519 317 218 498

8 – lower medial incisor 584 716 914 219

9 – lower lateral incisor 989 718 514 601

10 – lower canine 589 318 499 164

11 – lower premolar I 518 016 949 148

12 – lower premolar II

514 817 316 498

13 – lower molar I 518 495 319 816

14 – lower molar II 519 814 317 984

15 – lower molar III 541 219 016 898

16 – lower jaw 514 712 814 312

Fig. 30 Medial upper incisor (right)

914 501 604 981:

1 – vestibular surface 514 568 219 317

2 – mesial surface 314 894 319 892

3 – lingual surface 598 471 219 648

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 914 818 016 594

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 317 648 519 819

6 – cutting surface 498 317 219 491

7 – root canal of the tooth 584 641 718 547

8 – root pulp 910 849 189 647

9 – crown pulp 319 648 519 987

Fig. 31 Lateral upper incisor (right)

549 691 718 548:

1 – vestibular surface 514 916 917 518

2 – mesial surface 498 614 819 594

3 – lingual surface 718 594 319 681

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 594 716 918 916

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 549 817 394 617

6 – cutting surface 581 349 619 817

7 – root canal of tooth 398 641 594 818

8 – root pulp 318 691 219 348

9 – crown pulp 819 601 698 149

Fig. 32 Medial lower incisor (right)

584 716 914 219:

1 – vestibular surface 496 198 216 291

2 – mesial surface 481 478 594 316

3 – lingual surface 894 594 168 917

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 198 649 319 641

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 894 167 318 491

6 – cutting surface 364 517 219 581

7 – root canal of tooth 318 694 369 471

8 – root pulp 949 516 817 919

9 – crown pulp 949 190 649 871

Fig. 33 Lateral lower incisor (right)

989 718 514 601:

1 – vestibular surface 694 187 219 471

2 – mesial surface 468 271 398 497

3 – lingual surface 894 561 219 718

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 584 617 219 714

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 689 318 514 712

6 – cutting surface799 814 218 564

7 – root canal of tooth 368 194 371 894

8 – root pulp 964 718 519 498

9 – crown pulp 698 318 564 917

Fig. 34 Upper canine (right) 471 891 016 498:

1 – vestibular surface 468 716 519 498

2 – mesial surface 618 471 219 472

3 – lingual surface 549 316 218 581

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 918 516 319 491

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 819 604 916 989

6 – cutting surface 641 519 318 491

7 – root canal of the tooth 384 591 689 374

8 – root pulp 989 618 054 132

9 – crown pulp 968 108 604 271

Fig. 35 Lower canine (right) 589 318 499 164:

1 – vestibular surface 698 318 514 217

2 – mesial surface 319 481 318 641

3 – lingual surface 948 564 008 904

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 368 014 218 548

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 648 781 949 064

6 – cutting surface 546 981 941 568

7 – root canal of the tooth 714 801 498 541

8 – root pulp 398 614 718 581

9 – crown pulp 689 841 598 671

Fig. 36 First upper premolar (right)

614 218 598 781:

1 – vestibular surface 691 378 594 971

2 – mesial surface 498 617 898 541

3 – lingual surface 894 671 219 818

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 594 317 589 171

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 478 641 219 891

6 – chewing surface 364 810 068 901

7 – root canals of the tooth 301 514 609 891

8 – root pulp 478 514 618 717

9 – crown pulp 984 018 198 601

Fig. 37 Second upper premolar (right)

378 498 514 916:

1 – vestibular surface 948 561 319 818

2 – mesial surface 319 801 498 561

3 – lingual surface 467 219 498 541

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 398 548 589 617

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 549 819 319 616

6 – chewing surface 389 541 379 818

7 – root canals of the tooth 648 546 319 818

8 – root pulp 894 361 219 012

9 – crown pulp 064 541 218 317

Fig. 38 First lower premolar (right)

518 016 949 148:

1 – vestibular surface 491 679 318 541

2 – mesial surface 549 361 819 497

3 – lingual surface 469 817 318 541

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 918 541 219 678

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 814 319 898 514

6 – chewing surface 518 618 319 714

7 – root canal of the tooth 589 491 319 614

8 – root pulp 214 819 318 617

9 – crown pulp 914 218 519 641

Fig. 39 Second lower premolar (right)

514 817 316 498:

1 – vestibular surface 698 517 319 641

2 – mesial surface 498 549 617 218

3 – lingual surface 894 317 218 491

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 469 518 519 641

5 – internal view of the tooth in the mesio-distal

planes 898 416 019 848

6 – chewing surface 841 319 718 491

7 – root canal of tooth 198 741 894 848

8 – root pulp 168 571 219 491

9 – crown pulp 371 549 619 814

Fig. 40 First upper molar (right)

369 481 319 478:

1 – vestibular surface 491 614 718 541

2 – mesial surface 849 516 219 491

3 – lingual surface 684 517 919 486

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 584 619 319 814

5 – chewing surface 714 318 519 491

6 – root canals of the tooth 584 168 319 817

7 – root pulp 849 516 914 971

8 – crown pulp 318 619 819 498

Fig. 41 Second upper molar (right)

548 491 478 694:

1 – vestibular surface 984 316 219 491

2 – mesial surface 894 518 319 491

3 – lingual surface 914 816 317 498

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 467 548 919 814

5 – chewing surface 214 391 898 491

6 – root canals of the tooth 316 598 368 498

7 – root pulp 648 718 598 647

8 – crown pulp 894 517 219 498

Fig. 42 Third upper molar (right)

498 516 318 914:

1 – vestibular surface 618 317 319 641

2 – mesial surface 689 064 194 818

3 – lingual surface 549 618 598 641

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 594 198 574 891

5 – chewing surface 648 591 318 498

6 – root canals of the tooth 491 684 898 718

7 – root pulp 964 717 988 149

8 – crown pulp 691 948 584 161

Fig. 43 First lower molar (right)

518 495 319 816:

1 – vestibular surface 319 681 519 894

2 – mesial surface 594 895 619 548

3 – lingual surface 694 171 218 541

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 549 614 318 541

5 – chewing surface 364 918 598 714

6 – root canals of the tooth 398 617 218 541

7 – root pulp 368 914 898 516

8 – crown pulp 319 891 498 516

Fig. 44 Second lower molar (right)

519 814 317 984:

1 – vestibular surface 419 815 319 641

2 – mesial surface 498 316 318 541

3 – lingual surface 398 814 516 817

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 648 512 319 649

5 – chewing surface 504 194 981 369

6 – root canals of the tooth 894 016 598 641

7 – root pulp 897 491 219 896

8 – crown pulp 649 197 598 621

Fig. 45 Third lower molar (right)

541 219 016 898:

1 – vestibular surface 617 218 219 491

2 – mesial surface 694 817 219 497

3 – lingual surface 694 181 364 971

4 – internal view of the tooth in the vestibulo-lingual

planes 598 564 319 916

5 – chewing surface 948 516 218 949

6 – root canals of the tooth 319 491 819 647

7 – root pulp 384 161 219 491

8 – crown pulp 489 516 219 496

Fig. 46 Milk incisor, medial, upper

(right) 491 518 614 917:

1 – vestibular surface 549 618 219 814

2 – mesial surface 497 148 684 598

3 – lingual surface 248 379 064 898

4 – cutting surface 491 897 319 648

Fig. 47 Milk incisor, lateral, upper

(right) 514 218 919 648:

1 – vestibular surface 894 161 917 219

2 – mesial surface 619 517 319 498

3 – lingual surface 689 142 398 191

4 – cutting surface 218 589 649 171

Fig. 48 Milk incisor, medial, lower

(right) 584 917 219 498:

1 – vestibular surface 514 817 219 648

2 – mesial surface 491 318 598 641

3 – lingual surface 461 598 597 681

4 – cutting surface 364 891 989 641

Fig. 49 Milk incisor, lateral,

lower (right) 549 817 219 491:

1 – vestibular surface 589 314 898 614

2 – mesial surface 386 149 948 511

3 – lingual surface 064 018 549 898

4 – cutting surface 414 818 619 710

Fig. 50 Milk canine, upper (right)

498 691 798 541:

1 – vestibular surface 461 318 518 491

2 – mesial surface 498 641 319 814

3 – lingual surface 467 891 218 541

4 – cutting surface 318 491 819 617

Fig. 51 Milk canine, lower (right)

619 317 218 491:

1 – vestibular surface 218 491 319 614

2 – mesial surface 214 817 218 316

3 – lingual surface 648 517 219 491

4 – cutting surface 314 817 219 617

Fig. 52. First upper deciduous molar

(right):

1 – vestibular surface 491 718 519 497

2 – mesial surface 519 491 619 819

3 – lingual surface 594 817 219 648

4 – chewing surface 948 218 319 681

Fig. 53 Primary molar, second, upper

(right) 594 168 319 491:

1 – vestibular surface 619 518 219 491

2 – mesial surface 469 518 319 641

3 – lingual surface 584 316 589 491

4 – chewing surface 891 498 319 617

Fig. 54. First lower deciduous molar

(right) 491 318 519 491:

1 – vestibular surface 614 817 219 817

2 – mesial surface 486 519 719 491

3 – lingual surface 801 698 598 641

4 – chewing surface 894 219 319 810

Fig. 55. Second lower deciduous molar

(right) 916 849 319 496:

1 – vestibular surface514 217 218 494

2 – mesial surface 584 564 819 718

3 – lingual surface 496 549 891 548

4 – chewing surface 649 817 918 491

Organs of the oral cavity

Fig. 56 Lip 498 718 494 814:

1 – inner side of the lip (oral cavity)

496 849 316 714

2 – submucosa 498 516 219 314

3 – mucous 589 641 218 549

4 – vermillion 598 714 219 674

5 – labial artery 598 541 219 491

6 – orbicularis oris muscle 548 321 818 221

7 – epidermis 598 718 889 888

8 – subcutaneous fat 594 817 549 164

9 – taste glands 198 016 219 491

10 – salivary glands 584 106 294 647

11 – outer side of the lip (skin) 319 891 498 647

Fig. 57 Oral cavity and pharynx 489 461 319 891:

1 – upper dental arch 514 618 519 714

2 – palate suture 318 549 219 641

3 – palatopharyngeal arch 549 174 819 714

4 – palatine tonsil 514 218 319 671

5 – palatoglossus arch 479 604 594 219

6 – back of tongue 489 617 218 481

7 – lower dental arch 518 317 219 416

8 – lower lip 549 618 317 491

9 – pharynx 584 317 894 517

10 – lip commissure 584 316 318 497

11 – uvula (palatine) 314 841 219 647

12 – soft palate 549 561 718 649

13 – hard palate 564 817 219 481

14 – upper lip 314 816 319 471

15 – tubercle of the upper lip 648 716 498 721

16 – Philtrum 642 148 894 216

Fig. 58 Oral cavity 498 641 918 974

(Front view. Tongue raised. Material underneath.

mucous membrane):

1 – frenulum of the upper lip 498 691 719 497

2 – gum of the upper jaw 898 691 319 497

3 – anterior lingual gland 486 194 718 541

4 – lingual nerve 214 318 714 818

5 – inferior longitudinal muscle (of tongue) 319 648 319 781

6 – frenulum of the tongue 316 584 219 671

7 – sublingual gland 849 671 219 371

8 – submandibular duct 896 318 316 948

9 – gum of the lower jaw 519 318 219 641

10 – frenulum of the lower lip 318 364 891 871

11 – sublingual papilla 894 217 248 564

12 – floor (diaphragm) of the mouth 548 612 016 498

13 – sublingual fold 421 649 198 791

14 – lower surface of the tongue 219 064 284 714

15 – fringed fold 891 316 219 714

Fig. 59 Language 398 716 219 841:

1 – palatine tonsil 514 218 319 671

2 – lingual tonsil 498 791 648 219

3 – foliate papillae 418 644 319 515

4 – filiform papillae 589 617 298 471

5 – circumvallate papillae 891 319 481 617

6 – fungiform papillae 314 218 914 888

Chewing and facial muscles

Fig. 60 Muscles of the tongue 594 218 598 641

(Right side view. Matter behind the right half

lower and upper jaws):

1 – palatoglossus muscle 194 891 319 491

2 – soft palate 549 561 718 649

3 – language 398 716 219 841

4 – hard palate 564 817 219 481

5 – lower jaw (part of the drawing) 514 712 814 312

6 – genioglossus muscle 218 614 319 718

7 – inferior longitudinal muscle (of tongue) 319 648 319 781

8 – hyoid bone 549 316 219 841

9 – median thyrohyoid ligament 598 617 219 641

10 – thyroid cartilage 549 891 364 218

11 – inferior pharyngeal constrictor 584 216 234 271

12 – thyrohyoid membrane 584 691 219 478

13 – cartilaginous muscle 594 281 319 641

14 – hyoglossus muscle 814 316 498 384

15 – middle constrictor of the pharynx 548 314 894 851

16 – styloglossus muscle 584 391 314 891

17 – stylopharyngeus muscle 598 617 218 491

18 – stylohyoid ligament 584 217 278 061

19 – superior pharyngeal constrictor 348 541 618 714

Superficial facial muscles of the head 219 317 914 817

(part 1 fig. 102)

Facial muscles (front view) 598 641 398 719

(part 1 fig. 103)

Deep facial muscles 328 721 428 919

(part 1 fig. 104)

Masticatory muscles 519 314 819 214

(part 1 fig. 105)

Temporomandibular joint

Fig. 61 Temporomandibular joint

(sagittal projection):

1 – articular (condylar) process of the lower

jaws 891 319 898 789

2 – head of the lower jaw 548 321 848 721

3 – joint capsule 498 641 718 491

4 – external auditory canal 519 421 919 811

5 – articular (intra-articular) disc 894 516 219 497

6 – mandibular fossa 558 912 918 222

7 – articular tubercle 288 412 298 322

8 – lateral pterygoid muscle 219 214 319 214

9 – temporal process of the zygomatic bone 694 171 219 548

10 – coronoid process of the lower jaw

528 317 918 228

Fig. 62 Ligaments of the temporomandibular joint

819 491 319 848 (medial view):

1 - lateral ligament (temporomandibular

joint) 519 647 218 541

2 – capsule of the temporomandibular joint

498 641 718 491

3 – sphenomandibular ligament 584 317 219 497

4 – awl-mandibular ligament 898 514 518 316

5 – opening of the lower jaw 489 201 319 871

6 – zygomatic arch 528 317 918 917

7 – sphenoid sinus 584 217 319 841

8 – pituitary fossa (sella turcica) 519 317 919 218

Glands of the vestibule and oral cavity 498 617 219 491

Fig. 63 Glands of the vestibule and oral cavity

498 617 219 491 (right view):

1 – parotid gland 194 817 219 418

2 – parotid duct 218 491 619 317

3 – accessory parotid gland 514 816 719 497

4 – cheek muscle 549 317 849 217

5 – molar glands 514 817 219 498

6 – cheek glands 548 742 819 461

7 – labial glands 548 649 319 817

8 – upper lip 314 816 319 471

9 – language 398 716 219 841

10 – anterior lingual gland 486 194 718 541

11 – lower lip 549 618 317 491

12 – sublingual papilla 894 316 598 718

13 – greater sublingual duct 548 717 219 418

14 – small sublingual ducts 498 641 318 374

15 – lower jaw 514 712 814 312

16 – genioglossus muscle 218 614 319 718

17 – sublingual gland 849 671 219 371

18 – mylohyoid muscle 498 541 316 841

19 – submandibular duct 896 318 316 948

20 – submandibular gland 498 714 319 481

21 – stylohyoid muscle 594 217 298 647

22 – posterior belly of the digastric muscle

316 849 918 716

23 – posterior lingual gland 314 849 216 371

24 – lower jaw 514 712 814 312

25 – chewing muscle 598 712 918 212

SPINE.

JOINTS, LIGAMENTS AND MUSCLES OF THE SPINE

Vertebral column 214 217 000 819

(continued) (part 1 fig. 62)

Fig. 64 Vertebral column

214 217 000 819 (continued):

A - Physiological curves of the spine

598 614 818 017

Primary bends 319 892 964 718

2 – thoracic kyphosis 379 491 814 219

4 – sacral kyphosis 598 061 719 898

Secondary bends 598 718 419 061

1 – cervical lordosis 898 716 919 041

4 – lumbar lordosis 584 061 718 910

B – Spinal canal 521 314 818 214

VERTEBRAE 498 641 319 048

Fig. 65 First cervical vertebra (atlas)

914 816 978 496:

A - top view

B - bottom view

1 – posterior tubercle 894 217 319 498

2 – rear arch 894 617 319 497

3 – vertebral foramen 864 914 898 516

4 – groove of the vertebral artery 749 891 218 641

5 – superior glenoid fossa 598 691 219 674

6 – transverse hole (cross hole)

process) 649 581 219 697

7 – transverse process 584 316 918 581

8 – lateral mass 648 719 218 541

9 – tooth pit 694 197 289 471

10 – anterior tubercle 319 691 218 712

11 – front arch 649 171 218 641

12 – inferior glenoid fossa 598 317 294 817

Fig. 66 Second cervical vertebra (axial)

794 218 849 617:

A - front view

B - side view

1 – tooth of the axial vertebra 598 314 219 617

2 – anterior articular surface 698 591 219 491

3 – vertebral body 598 674 218 514

4 – superior articular process 589 491 218 641

5 – transverse process 698 371 294 811

6 – inferior articular process 541 319 894 361

7 – vertebral arch 898 561 219 364

8 – spinous process 581 319 619 714

9 – posterior articular surface 598 612 819 498

10 – transverse hole (cross hole)

process) 594 612 898 714

Fig. 67 Cervical vertebra (III – VI cervical

vertebrae) 498 317 218 641:

A - front view

B - top view

1 – spinous process 514 217 218 684

2 – vertebral foramen 319 648 281 317

3 – vertebral arch 094 701 278 649

4 – superior articular process 894 361 219 897

5 – transverse process 698 317 298 641

6 – posterior tubercle of the transverse process

550 694 931 074

7 – anterior tubercle of the transverse process

894 171 219 647

8 – transverse hole (cross hole)

process) 589 316 298 649

9 – vertebral body 368 174 289 691

10 – inferior articular process 519 581 314 891

11 – groove of spinal nerve 649 718 219 417

12 – body hook 689 517 219 618

13 – superior vertebral notch 216 541 319 714

Fig. 68 Seventh cervical vertebra:

319 648 519 647:

A - side view

B - top view

1 – superior articular process 584 216 549 617

2 – superior vertebral notch 594 691 798 714

3 – vertebral body 918 694 319 896

4 – transverse process 698 712 319 641

5 – lower vertebral notch 549 598 694 714

6 – inferior articular process 548 217 219 691

7 – spinous process 591 316 214 278

Fig. 69 Thoracic vertebra 542 317 212 227:

A - top view

B - side view

1 – spinous process 518 617 218 141

2 – vertebral arch 648 549 819 712

3 – transverse process 598 642 319 811

4 – vertebral foramen798 621 319 416

5 – pedicle of the vertebral arch 498 317 218 217

6 – vertebral body 517 219 319 617

7 – superior costal fossa 549 312 814 212

8 – superior articular process 219 715 319 215

9 – transverse costal fossa (costal fossa

transverse process) 821 319 921 819

10 – vertebral arch plate 514 218 619 719

11 – superior vertebral notch 598 641 398 011

12 – lower costal fossa 019 712 219 312

13 – lower vertebral notch 512 314 812 214

14 – inferior articular process 528 644 328 016

Fig. 70 XII Thoracic vertebra (XI and XII thoracic

vertebrae) (side view) 496 819 318 514:

1 – spinous process 314 815 619 718

2 – transverse process 218 316 514 471

3 – vertebral body 364 819 519 614

4 – costal fossa 818 542 617 218

5 – superior articular process 514 618 019 008

6 – superior vertebral notch 194 691 298 511

7 – lower vertebral notch 584 317 218 584

8 – inferior articular process 549 613 219 814

9 – additional process 319 684 218 514

10 – mastoid process 819 617 218 419

Fig. 71 Lumbar vertebra 618 513 219 418:

A - top view

B - side view

B - rear view

1 – spinous process 513 219 813 919

2 – vertebral arch 391 498 016 217

3 – inferior articular process 549 316 218 494

4 – superior articular process 519 617 299 017

5 – mastoid process 918 217 319 817

6 – additional process 518 431 219 917

7 – costal process 317 814 214 917

8 – vertebral foramen 828 317 918 217

9 – pedicle of the vertebral arch 498 317 218 217

10 – vertebral body 598 641 319 071

11 – superior vertebral notch 518 491 316 498

12 – lower vertebral notch 549 617 219 811

13 – vertebral foramen (projection of the foramen)

828 317 918 217

Fig. 72 Sacrum 514 716 814 226

(front view, pelvic surface):

1 – base of the sacrum 519 614 319 812

2 – superior articular process 519 328 919 228

3 – lateral part 319 712 919 212

4 – transverse lines 428 213 328 333

5 – anterior sacral openings 489 213 217 289

6 – apex of the sacrum 408 217 229 327

7 – sacral wing 519 618 514 217

8 – sacral vertebrae 584 317 218 498

Fig. 73 Sacrum 514 716 814 226:

A – posterior view (dorsal surface)

B - side view

B - internal view in the median-longitudinal direction

planes

1 – sacral canal (upper opening)

594 647 289 391

2 – superior articular process 519 328 919 228

3 – sacral tuberosity 498 316 219 471

4 – ear-shaped surface 594 561 378 541

5 – lateral sacral crest 584 816 219 471

6 – intermediate sacral crest

319 641 281 491

7 – sacral hiatus (lower opening of the sacral

channel) 316 218 319 091

8 – sacral horns 019 001 849 471

9 – dorsal (posterior) sacral openings

698 041 278 914

10 – median sacral crest 518 691 298 741

11 – base of the sacrum 519 614 319 812

12 – apex of the sacrum 408 217 229 327

13 – sacral canal 584 621 319 647

14 – anterior sacral openings 489 213 217 289

15 – intervertebral openings584 101 294 988

TAZ 584 316 719 041

Pelvic bone (right) (lateral view)

214 317 918 227 (part 1, fig. 89A)

Pelvic bone (right) (medial view)

214 317 918 227 (part 1, fig. 89B)

Coccyx 519 513 819 213 (part 1, fig. 59)

Vertebral motor segment 714 986 219 694

Fig. 74 Vertebral motor segment

714 986 219 694:

1 – nerve root 519 691 219 814

2 – spinal cord 314 218 814 719

3 – intervertebral foramen 517 218 916 284

4 – intervertebral disc 648 217 398 491

5 – vertebral body 849 161 219 711

Muscles and ligaments of the spine 549 641 894 217

Spinal column joints 894 216 819 048

Syndesmoses (ligaments) of the spinal column 398 947 019 818

Synchondrosis of the spinal column 519 312 498 061

Joints of the spine 719 891 498 061

Fig. 75 Vertebral joints

(sagittal projection at the level of two

lumbar vertebrae) 498 641 917 218:

A – intervertebral symphysis 898 064 317 219

B – facet joint 598 071 319 481

1 – vertebral body 598 641 319 071

2 – gelatinous nucleus of the intervertebral disc 514 891 518 316

3 – anterior longitudinal ligament 689 174 219 814

4 – fibrous ring of the intervertebral disc 498 716 219 714

5 – superior articular process of the lumbar vertebra

519 617 299 017

6 – posterior longitudinal ligament 548 691 218 781

7 – intervertebral foramen of the lumbar region

spine 916 048 219 491

8 – yellow ligament 549 488 194 016

9 – articular capsule of the facet joint (intervertebral)

joint 364 198 278 471

10 – interspinous ligament 368 142 894 216

11 – supraspinous ligament 890 149 540 691

Fig. 76 Joints between the occipital bone and

I-II cervical vertebrae 379 814 919 718:

1 - transverse ligament of the first cervical vertebra

589 061 319 498

2 – occipital bone 214 712 219 312

3 – atlanto-occipital joint 591 048 319 491

4 – I cervical vertebra 914 816 978 496

5 – cruciate ligament of the atlas 618 717 919 064

6 – II cervical vertebra 794 218 849 617

7 – alar ligament 598 019 318 941

8 – longitudinal beams 541 061 719 801

9 – Covering membrane 391 848 319 064

10 – ligament of the apex of the tooth 718 391 898 491

11 – tooth of the axial vertebra 598 314 219 617

12 – slope of the base of the skull 319 778 219 228

13 – lateral atlantoaxial joint

719 891 906 217

14 – median atlantoaxial joint

598 089 319 641

15 – articular cavity of the median atlantoaxial

joint 489 061 918 217

16 – posterior longitudinal ligament 384 619 818 061

Fig. 77 Ligaments of the cervical vertebrae and occipital bone

718 119 498 064:

1 – posterior atlanto-occipital membrane 598 817 319 048

2 – nuchal ligament 517 319 049 811

3 – anterior atlanto-occipital ligament 490 391 849 061

4 – anterior atlanto-occipital membrane 598 601 819 317

5 – I cervical vertebra 914 816 978 496

6 – lateral atlantoaxial joint 719 891 906 217

7 – occipital bone 214 712 219 312

8 – lateral atlanto-occipital ligament 974 217 298 041

9 – II cervical vertebra 794 218 849 617

10 – yellow ligament 549 488 194 016

Fig. 78 Ligaments of the spine (thoracic region) and

costovertebral joints

514 891 219 478:

1 – ligament of the costal tubercle 698 714 219 811

2 – supraspinous ligament 890 149 540 691

3 – yellow ligament 549 488 194 016

4 – costotransverse ligament 948 691 219 794

5 – lateral costotransverse ligament

894 691 217 474

6 – intertransverse ligaments 514 692 899 714

7 – internal intercostal membrane

598 726 319 491

Fig. 79 Intervertebral disc 648 217 398 491:

1 – nucleus pulposus (gelatinous) 514 891 518 316

2 – fibrous ring 498 716 219 714

LIGAMENTS OF THE PELVIS AND HIP JOINT 498 641 798 478

Fig. 80 Ligaments of the pelvis and hip joint

498 641 798 478:

A - front view

1 – IV lumbar vertebra 467 198 219 481

2 – anterior longitudinal ligament 848 471 219 819

3 – iliopsoas ligament 319 641 289 798

4 – inguinal ligament949 641 289 541

5 – joint capsule of the hip joint

589 671 218 498

6 – iliofemoral ligament 364 911 894 564

7 – locking membrane 312 689 319 716

8 – pubic symphysis 368 214 598 471

9 – arcuate pubic ligament 496 549 718 614

10 – superior pubic ligament 894 216 218 498

11 – Large spit 519 814 089 319

12 – anterior superior iliac spine

379 041 298 517

13 – ventral sacroiliac ligament

589 491 291 478

14 – lumbosacral joint 591 071 298 498

15 – anterior sacrococcygeal ligament

578 601 949 011

Fig. 80 Ligaments of the pelvis and hip joint

498 641 798 478:

B - rear view

1 – iliopsoas ligament 479 681 598 718

2 – dorsal sacroiliac ligament

574 981 319 818

3 - dorsal superficial sacrococcygeal

bundle 498 688 715 301

4 - dorsal deep sacrococcygeal

bundle 594 072 319 401

5 - dorsal lateral sacrococcygeal

bundle 719 317 908 481

6 – sacrotuberous ligament 501 489 714 211

7 – sacrococcygeal joint 291 081 407 201

MUSCLES AND FASCIA OF THE BACK AND OCCIUM 798 041 261 509

Superficial muscles of the back 819 314 914 812

(part 1 fig. 97)

Fig. 81 Muscles of the back and posterior neck region (superficial

muscles, first, second and third layers) 519 648 218 741:

1 – semispinalis capitis muscle 914 217 218 498

2 – splenius capitis muscle 298 742 279 488

3 – splenius muscle of the neck 216 498 948 741

4 – muscle that lifts the scapula 214 317 914 717

5 – rhomboid minor muscle 319 061 919 618

6 – large rhomboid muscle 584 317 914 016

7 – supraspinatus muscle 312 214 812 514

8 – infraspinatus muscle (partial projection) 894 314 818 574

9 – small round muscle (part of the figure) 498 518 491 748

10 – large round muscle (part of the figure) 849 516 319 478

11 – latissimus dorsi; 429 318 829 998

12 – aponeurosis of the latissimus dorsi muscle; 549 718 219 478

13 – external oblique abdominal muscle 529 312 419 272

14 – lumbar triangle 894 568 514 811

15 – gluteal fascia 598 314 698 718

16 – gluteus medius 589 491 219 641

17 – gluteus minimus 364 917 584 218

18 – piriformis muscle 498 571 218 498

19 – superior gemellus muscle 364 581 219 644

20 – internal obturator muscle 398 711 264 814

21 – inferior gemellus muscle 314 894 219 471

22 – gluteus maximus (part of the figure) 548 361 894 317

23 – quadratus femoris 694 584 219 471

24 – ischial tuberosity 529 312 918 812

25 – biceps femoris 598 617 329817

26 – semitendinosus muscle 549 381 714 817

27 – adductor magnus 374 841 219 471

28 – sacrotuberous ligament 316 497 218 914

30 – superficial leaflet of the fudolumbar fascia (projection

with a side flap) 494 848 514 216

31 – deep layer of the thoracolumbar fascia 481 319 614 714

32 – muscle that straightens the trunk (pulled to the medial

side) 598 748 519 491

33 – inferior posterior serratus muscle 549 317 919 817

34 – fudo-lumbar fascia 529 317 919 817

35 – serratus anterior muscle 219 475 819 355

36 – large round muscle 849 516 319 478

37 – long head of the triceps brachii (part of the figure)

514 819 498 614

38 – small round muscle 498 518 491 748

39 – infraspinatus muscle 894 314 818 574

40 – scapula spine 498 712 328 822

41 – supraspinatus muscle 312 214 812 514

42 – muscle that lifts the scapula (pulled to the side)

214 317 914 717

Fig. 82 Muscles of the back and neck 498 549 618 714

(the muscles and bones of the shoulder girdle are not shown in the picture

shown):

1 – semispinalis capitis muscle 914 217 218 498

2 – splenius capitis muscle 298 742 279 488

3 – superior posterior serratus muscle 898 549 694 714

4 – splenius muscle of the neck 216 498 948 741

5 – external intercostal muscles 398 591 294 168

6 – iliocostalis dorsi muscle 319 647 218 471

7 – longest back muscle 497 549 819 714

8 – spinal muscle 396 891 319 471

9 – lower posterior serratus muscle 549 317 919 817

10 – latissimus dorsi (part of the drawing, turned away)

side) 429 318 829 998

11 – aponeurosis of the latissimus dorsi muscle 549 718 219 478

12 – lumbar triangle 894 568 514 811

13 – iliac crest 894 547 218 471

14 – internal oblique muscle of the abdomen 398 217 818 417

15 – external oblique abdominal muscle 529 312 419 272

16 – thoracolumbar fascia 584 317 019 641

17 – nuchal ligament 589 691 319 714

Fig. 83 Iliocostalis muscle 314 841 619 714:

1 – iliocostalis muscle 314 841 619 714

2 – iliocostalis muscle of the neck 491 481 471 819

3 – iliocostalis back muscle 584 461 489 714

4 – iliocostalis lumborum muscle 578 714 218 417

Fig. 84 Deep muscles of the back and neck 498 714 219 614:

1 – semispinalis capitis muscles 914 217 218 498

2 – rectus capitis posterior minor 219 817 819 227

3 – superior oblique muscle of the head 218 417 918 817

4 – large posterior rectus capitis muscle 594 318 614 715

5 – inferior oblique muscle of the head 218 317 918 227

6 – semispinalis capitis muscle (part of the picture, turned away)

914 217 218 498

7 – semispinalis cervicis muscle 319 714 218 412

8 – semispinalis muscle of the back 318 694 218 421

9 – muscles that raise the ribs 689 714 298 514

10 – intertransverse muscles 519 314 819 312

11 – deep layer of the thoracolumbar fascia 481 319 614 714

12 – transverse abdominal muscle 555 813 915 513

13 – multifidus muscle 549 781 219 471

14 – iliac wing 529 301 229 721

15 – iliocostalis muscle 364 712 819 418

16 – longissimus muscle 589 641 289 714

17 – external intercostal muscles 369 581 298 471

18 – longest muscle of the neck 699 186 019 491

19 – interspinous muscles of the neck 489 617 819 398

20 – longissimus capitis 389 497 368 141

Female pelvis 494 714 516 841

FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS 519 814 089 319

Fig. 85 Female genitalia 519 814 089 319

(longitudinal median projection):

1 – ovary 914 814 917 218

2 – fallopian tube 619 718 316 214

3 – body of the uterus 689 514 218 471

4 – urinary bladder 219 389 998 419

5 – pelvic bone (part of the drawing) 214 317 918 227

6 – urethra 329 487 948 216

7 – clitoris 689 568 319 818

8 – labia majora 598 711 008 512

9 – labia minora 319 016 789 498

10 – cervix 894 581 948 164

11 – rectum 598 714 898 314

12 – sacrum 514 716 814 226

13 – vagina 889 491 619 819

14 – anus 589 317 418 917

Female external genitalia 519 319 818 678

(part 1, fig 124)

Internal female genital organs 419 219 808 319

Fig. 86 Internal female genital organs

419 219 808 319:

1 – vagina 889 491 619 819

2 – vaginal part of the cervix 548 988 581 497

3 – cervical canal 614 891 719 489

4 – isthmus 549 691 289 784

5 – uterine cavity 318 688 594 191

6 – fundus of the uterus 984 016 501 348

7 – uterine wall 841 369519 471

8 – fallopian tube 619 718 316 214

9 – ovary 914 814 917 218

10 – interstitial part of the tube 584 199 598 641

11 – isthmic part of the pipe 589 612 319 471

12 – ampullar part of the pipe 894 316 498 561

13 – fimbriae of the tube 589 617 289 748

14 – uterosacral ligament 598 361 298 471

15 – proper ovarian ligament 584 216 298 497

16 – infundibulopelvic ligament 294 147 284 641

17 – wide bundle 549 581 369 471

18 – round ligament 948 371 296 497

19 – projection of the ovary with follicles and corpus luteum

498 316 478 471

20 – steam room 891 368 194 364

Fig. 87 Schematic representation of the longitudinal

projections of the ovary (a) and transverse

projections of the uterus (b):

A:

1 – primary follicle 498 518 818 491

2 – growing follicle 898 648 218 471

3 – white body 497 614 201 498

4 – Graafian bubble 481 684 371 016

5 – corpus luteum 818 401 616 214

b:

1 – fundus of the uterus 984 016 501 348

2 – uterine cavity 318 688 594 191

3 – body of the uterus 689 514 218 471

4 – cervix 894 581 948 164

5 – outer layer of the uterus, serous membrane

(perimetry) 848 147 218 417

6 – middle layer of the uterus, muscular layer

(myometrium) 198 316 949 101

7 – the inner layer of the uterus, the mucous membrane

(endometrium) 698 317 281 488

8 – fallopian tube 619 718 316 214

9 – ovary 914 814 917 218

10 – vagina 889 491 619 819

MAMMARY GLAND 648317219491

Fig. 88 Structure and topography of the mammary gland:

1 - lateral axillary lymph node

497 218 217 498

2 – axillary artery 694 718 217 491

3 – axillary vein 849 716 218 471

4 – brachial plexus 312 314 512 214

5 – central axillary lymph node

648 516 201 505

6 – apical axillary lymph nodes

618 471 298 741

7 – supraclavicular lymph nodes 598 641 264 271

8a – lateral thoracic artery 598 722 918 213

8b – lateral thoracic vein 584 317 248 517

9 – sternal lymph nodes 649 318 714 618

10 – plexus of blood and lymphatic vessels

510 314 784 617

11 – branch of the internal thoracic artery to the mammary gland

479 841 589 641

12 – areola 394 647 198 518

13 – milk ducts 471 691 284 714

14 – lateral arterial branches of the mammary gland

691 014 398 517

15 – thoracic axillary lymph nodes

749 148 519 618

16 – subscapular lymph nodes 184 816 014 214

Fig. 89 Anatomy of the mammary glands:

1 – muscle cells 494 816 319 481

2 – milk-secreting cells 859 169 794 217

3 – milk ducts 471 691 284 714

4 – lactiferous sinuses 584 316 219 478

5 – nipple 894 181 319 718

6 – areola 394 647 198 518

7 – Montgomery glands 491 819 488 514

8 – alveoli 614 819 319 714

9 – supporting and adipose tissue 898 617 219 419

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

(continued) 214 700 819 891

Fig. 90 Arteries of the head and neck (right view)

(continued) 518 422 819 312:

1 – subclavian artery (right) 598 317 819 227

2 – costocervical trunk 549 641 898 714

3 – highest intercostal artery 589 716 549 818

4 – thyrocervical trunk 519 317 919 288

5 – suprascapular artery 529 317 419 817

6 – deep cervical artery 598 714 898 716

7 – ascending cervical artery 749 814 719 414

8 – VI – cervical vertebra 568 314 819 714

9 – pharyngeal branches 498 217 228 417

10 – common carotid artery (right) 919 421 818 728

11 – vertebral artery (cervical part) 498 714 319 716

12 – spinal branches 584 314 819 417

13 – internal carotid artery 549 712 810 248

14 – ascending pharyngeal artery 496 598 317 641

15 – occipital artery 581 214 608 491

16 – vertebral artery (cervico-occipital part)

918 317 948 561

17 – vertebral artery (right) (intracranial part)

364 819 498 471

18 – vertebral artery (left) (intracranial part)

364 819 498 471

19 – inferior tympanic artery 894 168 941 987

20 – posterior meningeal artery 594 162 398 714

21 – slope of the base of the skull 319 778 219 228

22 – amygdaloid branch 895 316 498 471

23 – basilar artery 851 478 594 814

24 – maxillary artery 648 517 284 917

25 – sphenopalatine artery 598 491 374 816

26 – posterior cerebral artery 594 361 809 491

27 – posterior communicating artery 548 641 298 781

28 – ophthalmic artery 649 718 549 641

29 – posterior short ciliary arteries 496 391 898 671

30 – posterior ethmoid artery 594 716 298 491

31 – supraorbital artery 594 617 548 518

32 – anterior ethmoid artery 698 713 294 168

33 – supratrochlear artery 798 791 694 814

34 – lateral rectus muscle of the eye 328 421 898 712

35 – dorsal nasal artery 368 142 598 714

36 – posterior long ciliary arteries 581 641 294 818

37 – inferior oblique muscle of the eye 319 618 204 881

38 – infraorbital artery 898 048 319 061

39 – anterior superior cellular arteries 364 181 298 471

40 – angular artery 288 919 069 789

41 – posterior superior cellular artery 549 161 298 191

42 – ascending palatine artery 581 494 549 618

43 – deep artery of the tongue 319 694 384 716

44 – hyoglossus muscle 368 142 498 641

45 – sublingual artery 784 981 294 671

46 – genioglossus muscle 218 614 319 718

47 – Geniohyoid muscle 498 694 819 671

48 – facial artery 219 061 234 890

49 – lingual artery 498 519 401 209

50 – suprahyoid branch 691 318 464 148

51– external carotid artery 510 469 148 712

52 – superior thyroid artery 519 513 719 313

53 – superior laryngeal artery 389 461 894 171

54 – thyrohyoid membrane 584 691 219 478

55 – sternocleidomastoid branch 519 614 431 548

56 – anterior branch of the superior thyroid artery

698 517 401 469

57 – posterior branch of the superior thyroid artery

014 981 564 168

58 – throat 519 987 319 427

59 – thyroid gland 829 319 409 819

60 – glandular branches 149 816 013 009

61 – inferior thyroid artery 518 377 918 478

62 – esophageal branches 519 512 319 812

63 – common carotid artery 894 317 212 847

64 – tracheal branches 919 810 499 310

65 – trachea 429 318 919 888

66 – vertebral artery (prevertebral part)

109 467 219 891

67 – internal thoracic artery 598 341 818 941

68 – brachiocephalic trunk 998 301 248 227

69 – esophagus 598 381 698 711

Fig. 91 Veins of the head and neck (right view)

598 716 319 816:

1 – transverse vein of the neck 814 416 214 319

2 – vertebral vein 146 472 019 541

3 – anterior vertebral vein 109 516 918 416

4 – accessory vertebral vein 210 341 907 654

5 – external jugular vein 594 716 814 516

6 – deep vein of the neck 801 498 548 617

7 – facial vein 599 715 819 316

8 – external vertebral venous plexuses

421 054 329 891

9 – submandibular vein 364 817 384 199

10 – superior jugular bulb 448 546 891 479

11 – occipital vein 914 712 298 267

12 – condylar emissary vein 648 513 694 817

13 – posterior auricular vein 368 198 549 617

14 – mammillary emissary vein 391 849 501 011

15 – sigmoid sinus 109 516 397 894

16 – occipital sinus 012 126 094 791

17 – transverse sine 549 716 398 471

18 – occipital emissary vein 548 617 294 581

19 – sine drain 364 814 501 122

20 – inferior petrosal sinus 284 368 149 017

21 – superior petrosal sinus 019 596 394 717

22 – direct sine 849 712 646 181

23 – superficial temporal veins 694 513 814 216

24 – inferior sagittal sinus 814 316 219 497

25 – great cerebral vein 498 142 549 617

26 – falx cerebri 001 918 021 378

27 – parietal emissary vein 349 161 894 717

28 – diploic veins 148 564 219 617

29 – superior sagittal sinus 914 715 514 292

30 – cavernous sinus 846 139 948 581

31 – supratrochlear vein 819 621 398 471

32 – superior ophthalmic vein 909 610 549 798

33 – nasofrontal vein 514 369 129 710

34 – external nasal vein 319 481 589 671

35 – inferior ophthalmic vein 149 678 148 591

36 – angular vein 693 146 590 310

37 – middle meningeal vein 018 531 219 641

38 – veins of the parotid gland 516 949 140 510

39 – pterygoid plexus 591 248 791 260

40 – deep facial vein 309 864 194 971

41 – facial vein 599 715 819 316

42 – superior labial vein 504 361 309 584

43 – maxillary vein 598 314 818 914

44 – transverse facial vein 698 713 294 167

45 – Pharyngeal veins 019 818 594 614

46 – palatine vein 548 316 819 471

47 – inferior labial vein 547 218 599 641

48 – lingual vein 318 586 389 471

49 – submental vein 194 368 594 817

50 – superior thyroid vein 648 471 201 199

51 – hyoid bone 549 316 219 841

52 – internal jugular vein 598 612 719 322

53 – middle thyroid vein 814 017 201 849

54 – thyroid cartilage 588 421 388 711

55 – anterior jugular vein 368 541 291 479

56 – inferior thyroid vein 108 641 294 719

57 – inferior bulb of the jugular vein 512 621 221 848

58 – suprascapular vein 548 571 818 548

59 – subclavian vein 598 317 898 214

60 – brachiocephalic vein (left) 219 378 919 278

61 – brachiocephalic vein (right) 219 378 919 278

62 – internal thoracic vein 491 316 894 198

63 – superior vena cava 398 712 988 012

Fig. 92 Arteries of the brain (bottom view)

498 641 898 478:

1 – branch of the cerebellar tonsil 549 641 891 748

2 – posterior inferior cerebellar artery 469 718 549 641

3 – hypoglossal nerve 548 321 555 678

4 – cranial nerve 584 647 289 741

5 – anterior inferior cerebellar artery 598 691 798 641

6 – piece 897 567 971 319

7 – choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle

694 167 298 547

8 – arteries of the bridge 467 589 196 318

9 – superior cerebellar artery 361 948 594 161

10 – oculomotor nerve 519217519217

11 – optic tract 519 218 919 245

12 – hypothalamic infundibulum 519 211 919 000

13 – optic chiasm 010 216 319517

14 – olfactory triangle 518 642 319 716

15 – olfactory tract 718 217 458 917

16 – Olfactory bulb 024 312 598 742

17 – anterior cerebral arteries (postcommunication)

part) 468 514 398 617

18 – medial orbitofrontal branch 518 641 201 009

19 – anterior communicating artery 641 478 594 641

20 – anterior cerebral arteries (precommunication)

part) 584 061 412 011

21 – lateral frontobasal artery 618 531 214 712

22 – internal carotid artery 549 712 810 248

23 – insular arteries 518 714 316 214

24 – middle cerebral artery 496 491 817 514

25 – anterior villous artery of the choroid plexus

491 316 498 714

26 – posterior communicating artery 548 641 298 781

27 – posterior cerebral artery (precommunicating)

part) 548 641 798 521

28 – posterior cerebral artery (postcommunicating)

part) 316 594 218 749

29 – basilar artery 851 478 594 814

30 – trigeminal nerve 549 319 818 711

31 – abducens nerve 514 517 214 812

32 – posterior cerebral artery (temporal part)

498 671 291 491

33 – intermediate nerve 219 381 648 719

34 – facial nerve 999 811 319 211

35 – vestibulocochlear nerve 548 217 918 421

36 – lateral occipital artery (terminal part)

619 012 504 794

37 – medial occipital artery (terminal part)

581 704 916 219

38 – glossopharyngeal nerve 519 371 214 572

39 – vagus nerve 489 981 728 221

40 – vertebral artery (left) (intracranial part)

364 819 498 471

41 – anterior spinal artery 617 281 707 914

Fig. 93 Arteries of the brain (medial

surface) 469 518 716 491:

1 – intermediate-medial frontal branch

498 617 319 478

2 – anterior cerebral artery 317 498 689 171

3 - posteromedial frontal branch (anterior

cerebral artery) 781 496 319 641

4 – cingulate groove 579 312 919 021

5 – groove of the corpus callosum 248 312 848 212

6 – cingulate branch (anterior cerebral artery)

497 101 398 712

7 – corpus callosum 498 712 328 071

8 – vault 648 314 589 716

9 – paracentral branch (anterior cerebral

arteries) 364 817 294 317

10 – preclinical branch (anterior cerebral artery)

694 171 894 214

11 – parieto-occipital groove 691 378 549 617

12 – parieto-occipital branch (posterior cerebral

arteries) 691 314 291 491

13 – parietal branch (posterior cerebral artery)

814 216 497 218

14 – occipitotemporal branch (posterior cerebral

arteries) 514 618 319 481

15 – calcarine branch (posterior cerebral artery)

564 814 219 417

16 – spur groove 214 318 414 888

17 – posterior cerebral artery 594 361 809 491

18 – medial occipital artery 581 704 916

19 – posterior temporal branches (posterior cerebral

arteries) 649 371 298 481

20 – pineal gland (epiphysis) 489 641 399 042

21 – roof plate (quadrigeminal plate)

514 317 818 212

22 – brain stem 918 412 818 212

23 – intermediate temporal branches 549 648 391 361

24 – lateral occipital artery 496 819 716 478

25 – mammillary body 534 817 214 712

26 – posterior cerebral artery (temporal part)

498 671 291 491

27 – anterior temporal branches (lateral

occipital artery) 648 531 219 471

28 – posterior communicating artery 548 641 298 781

29 – deepening of the funnel at the bottom of the third brainstem

ventricle 568 016 219 014

30 – internal carotid artery 549 712 810 248

31 – optic chiasm 010 216 319 517

32 – terminal plate 048 541 298 647

33 – anterior commissure 389 691 974 846

34 – anterior communicating artery

641 478 594 641

35 – medial frontobasal artery

(medial orbitofrontal branch)

518 641 201 009

36 – anteromedial frontal branch (anterior

cerebral artery) 698 142 489 716

Fig. 94 Arteries of the brain

(superolateral surface)

469 471 898 417:

1 - posterior inferior cerebellar artery

469 718 549 641

2 – cerebellum 828 219 328 299

3 – occipital lobe 519 617 298 714

4 – artery of the angular gyrus 519 617 289 741

5 – posterior parietal artery 164 816 319 471

6 – anterior parietal artery 014 146 214 814

7 – parietal lobe 618 041 894 141

8 – artery of the postcentral sulcus

102 348 410 514

9 – artery of the central sulcus 648 318 489 316

10 – artery of the precentral groove

584 216 218 714

11 – frontal lobe 316 618 319 417

12 – lateral frontobasal artery

618 531 214 712

13 – islet 584 216 298 741

14 – insular arteries 518 714 316 214

15 – middle cerebral artery 496 491 817 514

16 – anterior temporal artery 689 371 298 681

17 – middle temporal artery 618 591 294 317

18 – temporal lobe 564 931 298 714

19 – posterior temporal artery 548 721 296 397

20 – basilar artery 851 478 594 814

21 – bridge 248 317 284 271

22 – vertebral artery (right) (intracranial

part) 364 819 498 471

Fig. 95 Superficial cerebral veins

(superolateral surface)

649 712 519 747:

1 – sigmoid sinus 109 516 397 894

2 – superior petrosal sinus 019 596 394 717

3 – posterior auricular vein 368 198 549 617

4 – transverse sine 549 716 398 471

5 – occipital vein 914 712 298 267

6 – mammillary emissary vein 391 849 501 011

7 – occipital emissary vein 548 617 294 581

8 – occipital veins 789 621 298 491

9 – dura mater of the brain

333 489 312 289

10 – parietal lobe 618 041 894 141

11 – lateral venous lacuna 569 317 398 471

12 – parietal vein 394 569 398 741

13 – superior sagittal sinus 914 715 514 292

14 – superior anastomotic vein 341 318 519 641

15 – frontal veins 361 384 219 471

16 – frontal lobe 316 618 319 417

17 – prefrontal veins 598 641 298 791

18 – superficial middle cerebral vein

694 178 394 516

19 – temporal lobe 564 931 298 714

20 – inferior anastomotic vein 391 568 914 918

21 – inferior cerebral veins 719 628 514 318

22 – inferior petrosal sinus 284 368 149 017

23 – internal jugular vein 598 612 719 322

Fig. 96 Sinuses of the dura mater

691 958 549 164:

1 – basal vein 202 464 891 319

2 – great cerebral vein 498 142 549 617

3 – transverse sine 549 716 398 471

4 – occipital sinus 012 126 094 791

5 – diploic veins 148 564 219 617

6 – sine drain 364 814 501 122

7 – fourth ventricle 514 321 414 218

8 – direct sine 849 712 646 181

9 – superior cerebral veins 519 316 489 718

10 - large sickle-shaped process of the dura

meninges 364 815 398 574

11 – bridge 248 317 284 271

12 – internal cerebral vein 541 219 319 471

13 – vascular basis of the third ventricle 584 217 284 917

14 – superior sagittal sinus 914 715 514 292

15 – lateral lacunae 398 741 298 474

16 – superior villous vein 518 361 987 241

17 – inferior sagittal sinus 814 316 219 497

18 – superficial temporal vein 548 327 918 227

19 – parietal emissary vein 349 161 894 717

20 – superior thalamostriate veins 598 164 398 711

21 – lateral ventricle 649 140 508 914

22 – transparent septum plate

319 798 549 164

23 – genu of the corpus callosum 148 512 319 417

24 – anterior vein of the septum pellucidum

849 617 219 514

25 – vault pillar 168 794 598 716

26 – intercavernous sinuses 514 019 598 411

27 – sphenoparietal sinus 514 312 619 718

28 – optic nerve 448 817 918 217

29 – internal carotid artery 549 712 810 248

30 – superficial middle cerebral vein

694 178 394 516

31 – cavernous sinus 846 139 948 581

32 – venous plexus of the oval opening

498 716 374 917

33 – superior petrosal sinus 019 596 394 717

34 – inferior petrosal sinus 284 368 149 017

35 – sigmoid sinus 109 516 397 894

36 – venous plexus of the hypoglossal canal

598 611 998 164

37 – basilar plexus 691 319 819 471

38 – medulla oblongata 514 417 814 217

Arteries and veins of the heart 514 814 219 417

Fig. 97 Arteries and veins of the heart (sternocostal

surface) 514 814 219 417:

1 – right ventricle of the heart 598 371 988 011

2 – arterial cone 548 647 219 741

3 – right marginal branch of the right coronary artery

518 617 219 419

4 – anterior cardiac veins 648 715 594 317

5 – intermediate atrial branches

594 781 978 471

6 – coronal groove 519 312 814 829

7 – branch of the arterial cone 394 168 574 971

8 – right coronary artery 691 368 519 479

9 – right cardiac auricle 598 714 321 898

10 – superior vena cava 398 712 988 012

11 – ascending aorta 598 712 898 612

12 – right pulmonary artery 694 897 594 716

13 – brachiocephalic trunk 998 301 248 227

14 – common carotid artery (left) 428 712 488 913

15 – subclavian artery (left) 429 387 219 377

16 – aortic arch 219 877 549 277

17 – arterial ligament 519 481 319 818

18 – left pulmonary artery 691 318 497 541

19 – pulmonary trunk 519 421 819 221

20 – left cardiac auricle 519 318 219 481

21 – left coronary artery 194 641 291 891

22 – circumflex branch of the left coronary artery

619 471 218 514

23 – left anterior interventricular branch

coronary artery 364 891 291 471

24 – left marginal branch 589 714 210 481

25 – great cardiac vein 641 217 498 718

26 – lateral branch 491 316 218 714

27 – septal interventricular branches

691 314 219 718

28 – anterior interventricular groove

909 817 398 787

29 – left ventricle 589 348 914 918

30 – apex of the heart 519 421 899 321

Fig. 98 Arteries and veins of the heart (diaphragmatic

surface) 514 816 914 317:

1 – apex of the heart 519 421 899 321

2 – left ventricle 589 348 914 918

3 – anastomotic atrial branch

614 917 918 517

4 – left marginal branch 589 714 210 481

5 – posterior vein of the left ventricle 429 318 719 888

6 – posterior branch of the left ventricle 467 548 219 741

7 – circumflex branch of the left coronary artery

619 471 218 514

8 – great cardiac vein 641 217 498 718

9 – oblique vein of the left atrium 598 714 319 814

10 – intermediate atrial branches

594 781 978 471

11a – left superior pulmonary vein 549 671 298 471

11b – left inferior pulmonary vein 598 649 219 714

12 – left atrium 518 712 314 887

13 – left pulmonary artery 697 108 889 491

14 – arterial ligament 519 481 319 818

15 – subclavian artery (left) 429 387 219 377

16 – common carotid artery (left) 428 712 488 913

17 – brachiocephalic trunk 998 301 248 227

18 – aortic arch 219 877 549 277

19 – superior vena cava 398 712 988 012

20 – right pulmonary artery 694 897 594 716

21a – right superior pulmonary vein 691 894 319 712

21b – right inferior pulmonary vein 697 213 519 491

22 – right atrium 491 016 519 497

23 – inferior vena cava 549 671 919 871

24 – opening of the coronary sinus 548 641 219 712

25 – small cardiac vein 598 712 918 322

26 – right coronary artery 691 368 519 479

27 – right posterolateral branch 479 691 319 814

28 – coronary sinus valve 584 316 219 479

29 – coronary sinus of the heart 578 916 219 316

30 – posterior interventricular branch of the right coronary artery

arteries 589 718 549 641

31 – right ventricle of the heart 598 371 988 011

32 – middle cardiac vein 589 641 298 791

33 – septal interventricular branches

691 314 219 718

Fig. 99 Conduction system of the heart

989 808 884 318:

1 – fleshy trabeculae 194 217 289 678

2 – right ventricle of the heart 598 371 988 011

3 – right branch of the atrioventricular bundle

319 728 549 641

4 – subendocardial branches of the right ventricle

641 218 514 017

5 – papillary muscles of the right ventricle

491 318 597 317

6 – tendinous chordae of the tricuspid valve

641 318 219 748

7 – right atrioventricular (tricuspid)

(chat) valve 389 412 819 322

8 – atrioventricular bundle of His

198 316 398 714

9 – opening of the coronary sinus 548 641 219 712

10 – coronary sinus valve of the heart

584 316 219 479

11 – inferior vena cava 549 671 919 871

12 – atrioventricular node 169 381 219 714

13 – pectineus muscles 391 689 598 714

14 – oval fossa 394 169 519 718

15 – right atrium 491 016 519 497

16 – interatrial septum 894 158 019 617

17 – sinus node 368 491 298 749

18 – superior vena cava 398 712 988 012

19 – right superior pulmonary vein 691 894 319 712

20 – openings of the pulmonary veins 589 671 298 491

21 – left atrium 518 712 314 887

22 – left superior pulmonary vein (part of the figure)

549 671 298 471

23 – left inferior pulmonary vein 598 649 219 714

24 – opening of the lower left pulmonary vein

498 712 219 714

25 – vessels of the heart 549 648 519 716

26 – left atrioventricular (mitral)

valve 598 517 818 617

27 – mitral valve tendinous chordae

794 814 519 714

28 – interventricular septum 548 581 218 491

29 – papillary muscles of the left ventricle

467 219 519 712

30 – subendocardial branches of the left ventricle

497 518 584 718

31 – left branch of the atrioventricular bundle

(Hiss bundle) 649 191 218 549

32 – left ventricle of the heart 589 348 914 918

33 – fleshy trabeculae of the left ventricle

468 791 298 745

Veins of the lower extremities 589 712 319 614

Fig. 100 Veins of the lower extremities 589 712 319 614:

1 – dorsal venous network of the foot 197 298 108 641

2 – dorsal venous arch of the foot 194 389 794 216

3 – venous network of the leg 784 594 316 497

4 – anterior tibial veins 589 714 319 718

5 – knee veins 817 316 368 491

6 – small saphenous vein of the leg 169 381 379 149

7 – venous network of the thigh 497 581 369 794

8 – deep vein of the thigh 184 517 396 847

9 - lateral veins surrounding the femur

649 132 389 714

10 – superficial vein encircling the iliac bone

317 849 178 471

11 – superficial epigastric vein 491 694 218 713

12 – external iliac vein 999 888 719 898

13 – deep circumflex iliac vein

721 394 549 718

14 – iliolumbar veins 548 791 018 216

15 – lumbar vein 589 712 919 261

16 – inferior vena cava 549 671 919 871

17 – common iliac vein 548 713 918 781

18 – median sacral vein 598 717 318 917

19 – lateral sacral veins 549 316 298 711

20 – internal iliac vein 549 316 814 787

21 – sacral venous plexus 649 271 298 541

22 – inferior gluteal veins 497 189 369 141

23 – internal pudendal vein 641 894 594 818

24 – obturator vein 318 414 849 161

25 – external genital vein 648 143 019 549

26 – superficial dorsal veins of the penis

314 647 217 498

27 – anterior scrotal veins 541 314 819 317

28 – medial veins surrounding the femur

364 981 219 784

29 – additional saphenous vein of the leg 369 489 598 716

30 – perforating vein 414 548 374 811

31 – great saphenous vein of the leg 496 794 894 175

32 – femoral vein 316 584 912 848

33 – popliteal vein 149 721 801 497

34 – peroneal veins 518 364 194 816

35 – posterior tibial veins 479 514 194 817

36 – great saphenous vein of the leg 496 794 894 175

37 – dorsal metatarsal veins of the foot 648 564 817 219

38 – dorsal digital veins of the foot 197 248 594 714

Arteries, veins and capillaries 219 387 919 887

Fig. 101 Microcirculatory bed 549 318 497 561:

1 – artery 894 547 284 717

2 – arteriole 694 574 895 601

3 – precapillary 608 491 298 491

4 – arteriolo-venular anastomosis 549 316 897 314

5 – precapillary sphincters 649 172 218 371

6 – capillaries 479 821 294 364

7 – capillary sphincters 185 494 016 001

8 – postcapillary101 498 754 361

9 – venule 669 517 918 394

10 – Vienna 149 621 818 318

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (continued)

291 384 074 217

Brain 814 729 318 818

Fig. 102 Hypothalamus 918 671 818 971

Pituitary gland 317 218 219 819:

1 – oculomotor nerve 519 217 519 217

2 - medial and lateral nuclei of the mammillary

bodies 498 716 219 418

3 – gray-humped cores 898 141 218 718

4 – pituitary gland 317 218 219 819

5 – neurohypophysis 814 061 217 041

6 – adenohypophysis (anterior lobe) 518 041 219 498

7 – funnel core (arcuate core) 497 581 264 714

8 – optic nerve 448 817 918 217

9 – supraoptic nucleus 948 516 714 271

10 – inferior medial hypothalamic nucleus

178 491 219 617

11 – preoptic nucleus 718 471 219 648

12 – anterior hypothalamic region

749 164 218 541

13 – dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus

549 716 218 541

14 – paraventricular nuclei 598 612 317 491

15 – intermediate hypothalamic region

471 218 549 016

16 – posterior hypothalamic nucleus 001 495 018 547

17 – hypothalamic groove 016 489 808 489

18 – posterior hypothalamic region

018 418 488 518

Content

HEMOPOIESIS AND IMMUNE DEFENSE SYSTEM

219 648 317 918

Central organs of hematopoiesis and immune defense

416 489 319 641

Peripheral organs of hematopoiesis and immune defense

794 916 219 481

Unified immune system of the mucous membranes

674 981 219 496

BLOOD CELLS 549681219717

Leukocytes 694 218 574 271

Agranulocytes 548 274 298 641

Granulocytes 918 547 219 714

DENTOALVEOLAR SYSTEM 216 548 219 716

Bones of the facial part of the skull 219 715 819 815

Teeth 698 314 819 516

Organs of the oral cavity

Chewing and facial muscles

Temporomandibular joint

Glands of the vestibule and oral cavity 498 617 219 491

SPINE. JOINTS, LIGAMENTS AND MUSCLES OF THE SPINE

Vertebral column 214 217 000 819

VERTEBRAE 498 641 319 048

Vertebral motor segment 714 986 219 694

Muscles and ligaments of the spine 549 641 894 217

LIGAMENTS OF THE PELVIS AND HIP JOINT 498 641 798 478

MUSCLES AND FASCIA OF THE BACK AND OCCIUM 798 041 261 509

FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS 519 814 089 319