Grigory Grabovoy

Numerical series of psychological norming (1)
2003



Introduction



The work contains sections on psychodiagnostics, psychotherapy, social psychology, labor psychology, pathopsychology, psychophysics, defectology, psychology of perception, personality psychology, psychoanalysis, psychology of motives, psychology of thinking, psychology of memory, psychology of emotions, feelings and sensations.


In the work, by means of numerical series, related to terms or concepts used in psychology, methods of standardizing events in the process of eternal human development are given.


In the case where a term denotes a deviation from the norm, then

by means of a numerical series corresponding to this term, a norm is achieved that organizes eternal development in a generally accepted creative direction. If a term denotes a description of a process, then numerical series can be used to use this description in the direction of eternal development.

The process described by means of a numerical series can be applied to ensure eternal development.


The psychology of eternal development is distinguished by the fact that the methods of psychology implement the basic laws of eternal development, which include the immortality of the living, resurrection and ensuring this in the sphere of human life. This psychological aspect, in which the form of finite relations changes to eternal, directs psychology to the organization of this transition and functioning in the implementation of the laws of eternal development.


The psychology of eternal development forms social connections

of society and laws that ensure the real eternal development

of man and humanity.


The methods of standardization in the direction of eternal development are as follows:


1.Numerical series located after a term or concept can be read, mentally pronounced or mentally sung in such a way that you perceive the sound of the melody at some distance from your physical body. The melody of the melody can be any or you can simply know that a melody is being produced, but not perceive any specific melody. The area of ​​your thinking can have a different form of spheroidal structures.


It is advisable to perceive the form of your controlling thought, corresponding to the term, somewhere near your physical body and by an effort of will move this form, or modify it to obtain a result. You can feel and perceive that any form means the result of eternal development.


The methods of the psychology of eternal development allow us to receive events of attainability of eternal development already in the process of learning the technologies of eternal development. When performing actions with such forms, it is necessary to take into account that they can be used for healing and salvation, if you imagine yourself or a person who needs to be healed or saved near them. Imagining

yourself between the specified forms, you rejuvenate yourself.


The more control forms you can hold in your consciousness while using the numerical series of psychological norming, the faster the rejuvenation.


Imagining that the thought forms of eternal development touch

another person, you rejuvenate this person. The transition

from perceiving yourself to perceiving another in the psychology of eternal development can take a certain amount of time, filled with knowledge of a large volume of information, since with eternal development there is a constant increase in the volume of information about the environment.


Therefore, it is necessary to be able to perceive information without stress, having fixed a thought for this.


You can consider a number as a thought - then with such awareness

the numerical series equalizes in your perception the time of your action on perceiving reality with any volume of information.

Such training in obtaining a number from a thought allows you to translate events into a form understandable from the point of view of eternal development.


By concentrating your attention, you can consider which events can be compressed into a number. At the same time, you can realize that

the image of a person cannot be compressed into a number, a person does not correspond to a number.


Such a development of your perception can lead to the thought

that a person is outside of any reality that has finite

properties, that is, a person is eternal. At this point in reasoning,

you need to clearly imagine the number series 888, then 898, then the number 1, the next number 2, and at the number 3, understand that there is an area of information through which you can make reality eternal by means of a number. This reality of eternity originates from a person and, conversely, the eternity of the environment contributes to a person's awareness of his eternity.


This understanding helps to realize that when a person is restored by numerical concentrations, a person changes the World with his will in the direction of eternal development, revealing his original eternal essence, capable of creating an eternal body. Thus, through knowledge obtained using a number, you come to a spiritual state that signifies your eternity. Then from such a spiritual state you can receive similar ones in those cases when you do not use a number.


In logic, from a set of numbers and their combinations, you perceive the sign of infinity, which is separated from a specific number. The symbolic form, defined in the psychology of standardization by means of numbers, allows you to recognize variants of future events leading to eternity in any case. The phase of control forecasting when using numerical series of psychological standardization must coincide with the information of an event that has occurred in the future, all elements of which are eternal.


In the technologies of eternal development, the forms of thoughts can change very quickly or instantly. That is, you can perceive an already changed form, and perceive the primary form later. The principle of constructing human physical matter in the direction of eternal development is also based on the fact that the events of the future time of matter are perceived faster than the events of the past time. The psychological basis of this principle is that in order to implement the internal task of eternal development emanating from the soul, one must be able to control physical matter in the future. In this case, the period of time for making a decision is limited. At the same time, in relation to past information, one can slowly create a direction of special actions with the required time. In relation to future events, it is advisable to carry out standardizing control in advance and, if necessary, correct the situation in real time.


The creator of the action is united by time intervals in the event of the achieved goal. You can similarly - by applying the numerical series of psychological standardization - remember the spiritual state corresponding to the achieved result. Such a spiritual state can be applied in accordance with the term, or generalized for the standardization of events and their direction in the area of ​​​​eternal development.


For a comprehensive perception that enhances the management of

eternal life, you can read the entire book. Knowledge of the terminology in the field of psychology allows you to evaluate many things from the point of view of established concepts, which simplifies the achievement of objective forms of eternal development and expands the area used for managing understanding, in which you need to strive to understand what is happening in order to achieve factology confirming the possession of the methods of eternal development.


2. If there are gaps in a series of numbers, you can first apply the entire series, and then parts of the series separated by a space, to achieve a result for one goal. You can make short pauses at the places of gaps when mentally pronouncing the numbers of the series. If there are no gaps in the series, then you can, imagining that there is a space between the numbers every three digits, perform the same actions as with series that have gaps.


3. Place the numbers of the series above the numbers of the current date and concentrate on two series at once.


4. By comparing the numerical series corresponding to different terms or concepts, you can determine the relationship and the possibility of mutual correction in the direction of eternal development between different objects and events described in these terms or concepts by the coincidence of the numbers.


5. The numbers of the series can be imagined in such a way that from the image of the number in the palms of the hands, for example, apples appear, and different apples of the same variety correspond to different numbers and their combinations. Then you need to make an effort of will and perceive objective reality, including specific images, through the numbers under your control of eternal development.


6. The rejuvenation process can be done as follows:

6.1. Imagine that the numbers corresponding to one term are located from the shoulder to the wrist of the right hand.

6.2. Imagine that the numbers corresponding to the term following the term described in paragraph 6.1 are on the skin of the left hand.

6.3. Feel how the light flows from the numbers of the left hand to the numbers of the right hand. At the moment this light flows through the area of the chest, perceive how you have resolved for yourself personally and then for everyone around you the psychological aspect of eternal development.


7. Resurrection technologies are brought to mandatory implementation by means of a rapid combination and sorting through in memory

or in visual perception of numerical series corresponding to

various terms and concepts. The main thing in this action is to

keep the main goal in mind and, if possible, not to be distracted from it during a rapid combination of numerical series. Over time,

you can reach such a level of perfection that concentration on the goal in your memory turns it into reality.


8. The principles and practice of non-dying are implemented in the following way:


8.1. The principle of non-dying is considered in connection with

practice and follows the logic of past events. Since your perception always contains information about some event, it can be considered that the principle of eternity is in the event itself, and the practice is in your further thinking. By thus connecting a past event with a possible or psychologically desired future by a numerical series, you obtain a psychological state of being in conscious eternity. You transfer this psychological state to the entire infinite future. When you learn to do this easily enough, then you will have a state that controls eternal development. This state reproduces the property of the spirit that you can attribute to spiritual self-training of eternal life in everyday life.


8.2. For undying, you can imagine before each row that you use, three eights, a nine, and the numbers one and nine, written in words.


9. You can improve your health by adding after the numerical series of psychological standardization that you use the numbers 319 and the numbers of the current date, arranged in the order: year, month, day.



_A_


ABAZIA 814817 914212 31 Impaired walking ability

while maintaining the ability to perform movements, walking.


ABSANS 518916 319717 81 Short-term blackout,

blocking of consciousness.


ABSTINENCE 528419 319718 23 A condition arising from

from the cessation of the effects of alcohol or drugs when inter-

sudden interruption in their reception.


SEXUAL ABSTINENCE 298714 318922 51 (possible)

abstinence from sexual activity) The state of a subject deprived of

opportunities to have sex.


ABSTRACT 819314 919814 312 cognitive process

one of the basic operations of thinking; consists of identifying

certain characteristics of the studied integral object and

attraction from others.


ABULIA 419316 019817 311 Pathological disorder

mental regulation of actions - psychopathological syndrome

, expressed by lethargy, a violation of the volitional impulse,

absence of desires and motivations for activity, inability

the ability to make a decision and perform the right action, although

the need for it is realized.


AVOKALIIA 518 514 318912 512 A form of motor amusia,

in which the ability to reproduce go- melodies is lost

with a moose or on musical instruments.


AUTOAGGRESSION 5148 714 318 912 81 (autoaggression)

Aggressive behavior type aggressive actions directed

by the subject on himself. Manifested in self-accusations,

self-abasement, self-harm, behavior

suicidal research.


AUTOHYPNOSIS 512 319 419817 47 (autohypnosis, self-hypnosis)

noz) Self-hypnosis hypnosis caused by self-suggestion in pro-

the opposite of heterohypnosis, which is caused by exposure to another

of the person.


AUTOCRATICISM 514 317 814918 9 Social-

psychological characteristics of a person that reflects his/her personality

imperiousness, tendency to use undemocratic means

methods of influencing people - in the form of orders, instructions,

punishments and more.


AUTOMATION 498714 319814 914 Transition from working

the action being taken to the level of unconscious control, when

the main role goes to perceptions and sensations, especially

kinesthetic.


AUTOMATISM 589318 714917 31 (automatism of unconscious

(emyy) Actions carried out without direct participation

consciousness occurring “by themselves”, without conscious con-

troll.


AUTHORITARIANISM 514901609 (autocracy) Co-

social and psychological characteristics of personality, reflecting

her desire to subordinate her partner to her influence as much as possible

a ditch for interaction and communication.


AUTHORITARIAN 518 396 749810 (imperious, directive-

(ny) - Personal characteristics of a subject or his behavior

in relation to other people, indicating a tendency to assert

their power and authority.


AUTHORITY 59481737 1. Influence, influence of an individual

yes, based on the position, job title, status he occupies

all and so on. In this sense, in social psychology the concept

is often associated with the idea of power. 2. Recognition for

individual's right to make decisions in the context of activity

joint. In this sense, the concept may not coincide with the power

stu: authority can be enjoyed by a person who is not endowed with it

with the appropriate powers, but serving as a kind of servant

moral standard and therefore possessing a high degree of

new references for others.


AUTHORITY 914 881712 The ability to have a certain

shared weight among other people, to be a source for them

ideas, enjoy their respect and recognition.


AUTOSCOPY 594 899 706541 (heautoscopy) Parapsycho-

a logical term denoting the emergence in an individual of a feeling

as if he sees himself as if from the outside. This phenomenon

men, can occur with excessive fatigue, which can

occur in individuals without mental disorders.

AUTO-SUGGESTION 519 311 (auto-suggestion) Suggestion,

suggestion made by a person on himself (autosuggestion)

(tion). It involves the unification of the suggester and the suggester in one person.

gerenda.


AUTOTRAINING 498 017 999067 (autotraining) - training

autogenous.


AUTOEROTISM 538744898712 (autoeroticism) is a term

signifying the first phase of childhood sexual life, during

which uses various methods of sexual satisfaction

using parts of one's own body, and an outsider's

ect is completely absent.


AGGLUTINATION 519048 71042819 is one of the essential

characteristics of words used in internal speech. One

of the ways of creating images of imagination. In one image,

any qualities, properties, parts are united. The result can be

become a very bizarre image, sometimes far from reality.


AGGRAVATION 316718916888 Exaggeration by an individual

the severity of the symptoms of an actually existing disease, its

symptoms or painfulness of their condition.


AGENT 599047889310 In experiments on extrasensory perception

- a subject who must convey, communicate something percipiently

that.


AGNOSIA 599806719 319 A condition in which the brain does not

can decipher information coming from normal

functioning receptors.


VISUAL AGNOSIA 488901 317 489 Neuropsychological

logical disorder. Characterized by the loss of the ability to perceive

visual perception of objects (or their images) and phenomena

reality, although sufficient visual acuity is maintained.


AUDITORY AGNOSIA 589477918371 Neuropsychological

a disorder characterized by loss of recognition ability

sounds, phonemes and noises.

SOCIAL AGNOSIA 598428317489 attitude of a person

a man of his own life, in which he does not perceive

positive aspects of life and is unable to organize his de-

activity in such a way that it brings satisfaction.


TACTILE AGNOSIA 5994780798 Neuropsychology

a disorder characterized by the loss of the ability to adequately

perception of objects by touch with sufficient adequate

the identities of individual tactile sensations sensations of form,

mass, temperature.


AGORAPHOBIA 909841319 8049 A type of neurosis, characteristic

pathological fear of open spaces, squares and

other.


AGRAMMATISM 9014089184778 Neuropsychological

a disorder characterized by the loss of the ability to analyze grammar

tic structure of speech and grammatically correct use

speeches.


AGRAPHY 317488918710 Writing disorders arising

in various speech disorders. They manifest either as a full-

a severe loss of the ability to write, or as a gross distortion of words,

omissions of syllables and letters, such as the inability to connect letters and

syllables into words, and so on.


AGGRESSIVENESS 519061 718910 is one of the innate

attitudes rooted in the sadistic phase of the libido. Expresses-

in the pursuit of offensive or violent action

pits aimed at causing damage or destruction of objects

project of attack.


AGGRESSION 528471 228911 Individual or collective

negative behavior or action aimed at causing physical harm

physical or mental harm or even destruction

another person or group.


VERBAL AGGRESSION 978316918 71 Form of ag-

of aggressive behavior, which uses the reaction of one's own

negative emotions both through appropriate into-

nations and other non-verbal components of speech, as well as through

threatening content of statements.


AGGRESSION INSTRUMENTAL 598777 888999016

Aggressive behavior in which aggressive actions are not

are the expression of emotional states: the purpose of actions

the subject showing aggression is neutral, and aggression is

changes only as a means to achieve this goal.


AGGRESSION INDIRECT 513718 91388901 Behavior

aggressive, directed against a certain person or

the subject of aggression is hidden or not realized by the subject himself

sya.


DIRECT AGGRESSION 00598714 318 914 Aggressive behavior

a deliberate act of a forceful nature, the purpose of which is not hidden.

AGGRESSION REACTIVE 489713519616 Occurs as

the subject's reaction to frustration and is accompanied by emotional

states of anger, hostility, hatred, etc.

AGGRESSION PHYSICAL 598755898055 Behavior

aggressive with the use of physical force, directed

against another subject or object.

ADAPTATION 519487917917 1. Adaptation of the structure and

functions of the body, its organs and cells to environmental conditions,

aimed at maintaining homeostasis. 2. Adaptation of the or-

ganov senses to the features of the influencing stimuli for their

optimal perception and protection of receptors from over-

cargo.


13



PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION 591478918988912

Adaptation of a person to the demands existing in society

and evaluation criteria through the assignment of norms and values

of this society.


ADAPTATION TOUCH 498016 714213 Change

sensitivity of the analyzer, which serves to adjust it to

intensity of the stimulus; in general, adaptive change

decreased sensitivity to the intensity of the stimulus. Manifestation

and is also found in a variety of subjective effects. It can be achieved

be achieved by increasing or decreasing the overall sensitivity

sti. It is characterized by the range of sensitivity changes,

the speed of this change and selectivity (selectivity

(st) of changes relative to the adaptive effect.

physiological changes underlying adaptation affect

both peripheral and central links of the analyzer are involved. For

studies of the mechanisms of sensory adaptation and processes of re-

In general, the combination of neurophysiological and

logical and psychophysical methods.


ADAPTATION SOCIAL 548321819911 Permanent

the process of integrating an individual into society, the process of active

adaptation of the individual to the conditions of the social environment, as well as

the result of this process. The ratio of these components is determined

determining the nature of behavior depends on the goals and orientation of values

individual's abilities and the possibilities of achieving them in the environment

cial. As a result, the formation of self-awareness is achieved

and role-playing behavior, the ability to self-control and self-service

living, the ability to adequately communicate with others.


ADAPTABILITY 319016 819728 Functional Trends

the formation of a goal-oriented system, determined by the corresponding

or discrepancy between its goals and those achieved in the course of activities.

ity of the results. Adaptability is expressed in their consistency.

sti.


SOCIO-CULTURAL ADAPTABILITY

891488319 712 in relation to tests means compliance

test assignments and test grades received for them, especially

cultural features that have developed in the society where the test is applied

is changed. Includes both changing the test tasks themselves,

and clarification of test standards. This requirement is important when borrowing

using a test from another country.


ADDITIVIITY 591 668 889 319 a property of quantities,

standing in the fact that the quantity or property corresponding to the ce-

object, is always equal to the sum of the quantities or properties corresponding to

its parts, no matter how the object is divided into parts.


ADRENALINE 591 814 848 321 is a hormone produced

the adrenal medulla. Its activating action

the effect on the body is comparable to the effect of the nervous system

pathetic.


AGITIATION 291 814 888917 312 affective reaction,

arising in response to a threat to life, an emergency situation and

other psychogenic factors. Manifested in the form of strong

anxiety, worry, loss of purposefulness of actions.

the hunter fusses and becomes capable of performing only simple tasks

automated actions. There is a feeling of emptiness and

lack of thoughts, the ability to reason is impaired, tiredness

to impose complex connections between phenomena. This is accompanied

obvious vegetative disorders: pallor appears,

rapid breathing, heartbeat, hand tremors, etc.


ACALCULIA 284061 718 329 488 neuropsychological

a symptom characterized by a disorder of counting and counting operations

as a result of damage to various areas of the cerebral cortex,

go.


ACCOMMODATION 298 388014712

1. A mechanism consisting of

in changing the existing scheme to adapt it to the new

object or situation. In particular, a change in curvature

the lens of the eye to accurately focus the image on the network

chat.

2. Changing already established knowledge, skills and abilities

in accordance with the emergence of new conditions.


ACCELERATION 598069 788 061 acceleration of somatic

development and physiological maturation of children and adolescents;

manifests itself in an increase in weight and body size (including in newborns)

born), in accelerated puberty.


ACT OF APPERCEPT 188917319871 the process of organizing

higher order units: consciousness is capable of almost

to become extremely saturated with some content if it is active

but is combined into ever larger units. The ability to

the enlargement of units is found not only in the simplest

perceptual processes, but also in thinking.


IDEOMOTOR ACT 918714319848 transition of representation

thoughts about muscle movement into the actual execution of this movement;

otherwise, the emergence of nerve impulses that provide movement

as soon as the idea of it arises. These acts of imper-

are voluntary, unconscious and usually have weakly expressed

spatial characteristics.


ACTIVATION 594887319827 state of the nervous system,

characterizing the level of its excitation and reactivity. Defin-

is divided by modulating influences emanating from part of the system

nervous system, covering the limbic system and the struc-

ry of the reticular system of the brain. With a change in balance-

With these influences the intensity and qualitative characteristics change.

activation changes recorded in vegetative indicators often

heart rate, skin resistance, arterial pressure

nal, changes in breathing, etc.


ACTIVATION: INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

891488918917 the level of activity that is usual for every person

vations, against the background of which the activity is mainly carried out

ity. This level is a natural determinant of individual-

sti.


ACTIVATION: OPTIMAL LEVEL 591788 319488

the level of maximum compliance with the state of the nervous system

behavioral act, as a result of which high

the effectiveness of its implementation.


PSYCHOLOGICAL ACTIVATION 81972888998217

continuation of physiological activation. Associated with decoding-

of external signals, dependent on the level of wakefulness and

state of consciousness, as well as from needs, tastes, interests and

human plans.


PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVATION 598789988481 connected

associated with the function of the centers located at the base of the brain

these centers contain the mechanisms of awakening; namely,

but at this level signals are collected and classified,

coming from the external world and from the organism itself, before they

if they are important enough they are sent to the cerebral cortex

large. The resulting activation of higher

centers allows the body to stay awake and attentively monitor

follow signals from the environment, which ensures its preservation.

improvement of physiological and mental balance.


ACTIVITY 519788919489 system property

nervous, determined by unconditional reflex balance

processes of nervous excitation and inhibition and closely related

with the level of non-specific activation of the brain. Tract-

is considered an integral property of the nervous system.


ACTIVITY 589398719888 a concept expressing the ability

the ability of living beings to produce voluntary movements and

change under the influence of external or internal stimuli

irritants, - a general characteristic of living beings,

their own dynamics as a source of transformation or sub-

maintaining vital connections with the environment. In psychology

appears in relation to activity, revealing itself as

the dynamic condition of its formation, implementation and modification

changes as a property of its own movement.


ACTIVITY SUPERSITUATIONAL 298481718 318

the ability to rise above the demands of the situation,

to achieve goals that are redundant from the standpoint of the original task. Its mediation

external and internal limitations are overcome by means of

careers of activity. It appears in the phenomena of creativity, ak-

cognitive activity, “selfless” risk, activity

beyond the norm.


ACTIVITY GENERAL 84197918712814 one of the areas

manifestations of temperament. Determined by the intensity and volume

the concept of human interaction with the environment physical and social

nal. According to this parameter, one can be inert, passive,

calm, proactive, active, impetuous.


ALIENATE ACTIVITY 598881488012 defined

the neutralization of human activity when the action

is done to him by external or internal forces, which is why

a separation of a person from the results of his activities occurs.

An example is post-hypnotic behavior.


SEARCH ACTIVITY 566890789 128 behavior,

aimed at changing a situation or attitude towards it

in the absence of a specific forecast of its results, but with

constant accounting of the degree of its effectiveness. In animals here

include all types of active-defensive behavior

self-stimulation, as well as orienting behavior. In humans,

loveka mental manifestations of search activity - important

an integral part of the processes of planning, fantasizing, etc.


MENTAL ACTIVITY: BIORHYTHM 319817919227

(biorhythms of human mental activity) - periodic

alternation of states of tension and relaxation in the mental

human activities


ACTIVITY EXCESSIVE 2489067180 1987

one of the forms of manifestation of supra-situational activity. Expression

is the desire of an individual or group to increase official

the demands made by society on a certain type of activity

activity. Excessive activity is one of the most important indicators.

high efficiency group leaders; characterizes the group

as a genuine collective.


UPDATE 498712 888 189 an action consisting of

retrieving learned material from long-term memory or

short-term for subsequent use upon recognition

recollection, recollection, or direct

reproduction. Characterized by varying degrees of difficulty-

of lightness or ease depending on the level of preservation or

presence of the extracted material.


UPDATE 591 488 611 098 71 Transfer from

the state of potential into a real, actual state.


HISTORICAL RELEVANCE 591 398 719 411

the ability of an individual to participate maximally in socio-cultural

tour processes with minimal damage to one's own

personality and the activities of its protective mechanisms. Overcomes

and excludes primitivist ideas about some kind of universal

the need for constant or episodic sacrifice

people and by people in the name of social progress.


PSYCHOLOGICAL ACOUSTICS 591 489319718 raz-

of experimental psychology, dedicated to the study

sensations in response to sound stimuli.


PHYSIOLOGICAL ACOUSTICS 519 317 819 481 raz-

of the physiology of the sense organs. Dedicated to the study of the law-

dimensions of the process of perception of sounds and construction of speech.


EMPHASIS 519 317 918 is one of the ways to create

images of the imagination. A certain detail or part of the value is highlighted.

logo and becomes dominant, bearing the main load.

Example: caricatures and cartoons.


ACCENTUATION 598421 highlighting, emphasizing something

its property or feature against the background of others, its special development

tie. In psychology - somewhat exaggerated, but within the framework of psy-

chological norm development of some psychological traits

or characteristics of the subject.


ACCENTUATION ASTHENIC 5980912 488 916 ha-

Characteristics include rapid fatigue, irritability, and a tendency to

to depression and hypochondria.


HYPERTHYMOUS ACCENTUATION 599048 characteristic

constantly elevated mood, increased mental activity

activity with a thirst for activity and a tendency to scatter,

not to finish something.


ACCENTUATION DISTYMNAYA 918749318612 character-

there is a predominance of low mood, a tendency towards depression

these, a focus on the dark and sad sides of life.


HYSTEROID ACCENTUATION 498748916318 (accentu-

demonstrative) - characterized by a pronounced tendency to

suppression of facts and events that are unpleasant for the subject, to falsehood

fantasy, fantasy and pretense used to attract

attention seeking; adventurism, vanity, "escape

into illness" with an unmet need for recognition.


ACCENTUATION CONFORMAL 89131488 99 00 1 characterized by excessive subordination and dependence on opinion

others, lack of criticality and initiative, a tendency to

conservatism.


ACCENTUATION LABILE 489 216 characteristic results

what a change in mood depending on the situation.


ACCENTUATION UNSTABLE 459 5178 character-

have a tendency to be easily influenced by others, constantly

constant search for new experiences, companies, the ability to easily get used to

to establish contacts of a superficial nature.


PARANOID ACCENTUATION 319 008 6197 (ac-

centuation stuck) - characterized by increased suspicion

sensitivity and painful touchiness, persistence of negative

affects, desire for dominance, rejection of other people's opinions

gih; as a result - high conflict.


PSYCHASTHENIC ACCENTUATION 5948917214

characterized by high anxiety, suspiciousness, indecisiveness

ness, a tendency to introspection, constant doubts and

judgment, a tendency to form obsessions and rituals

actions.


SENSITIVE ACCENTUATION 598412688914 characteristic

thorns increased sensitivity, timidity, aggravated

feeling of inferiority.


CYCLOID ACCENTUATION 918016718717 characteristic

thorns alternation of phases of good and bad mood with different

period.


ACCENTUATION SCHIZOID 519 311899216 charac-

thorns isolation, isolation, introversion, emotionality

coldness, manifested in the absence of empathy, in

difficulties in establishing emotional contacts; under-

the state of intuition in the process of communication.


ACCENTUATION EPILEPTOID 219317919817 ha-

Characteristics include a tendency towards an angry, melancholy mood with accumulation

with surging aggression, manifested in fits of rage and

anger (sometimes with elements of cruelty); conflict, vis-

bone of thought, meticulous pedantry.


ACTION ACCEPTOR 594817994317 8 (result acceptor)

action tats) is a hypothetical psychophysiological apparatus

rat is a psychological mechanism for predicting and evaluating results.

actions in functional systems. It determines the organ-

the regulation of the body's motor activity in behavioral

act and is a model of the future result of the action - "in-

formational equivalent of the result."


ALALIA 519319 018716314 neuropsychological symptom-

a volume characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of children

speech with normal hearing and a sufficient level of intelligence.

Alalia is caused by damage to the speech areas of the cerebral cortex.

during childbirth, diseases or injuries of the brain in pre-speech

your period of life.


ALGORITHM 514312 is a prescription that specifies, on the basis of the system,

we have established the sequence of operations, the precise execution of which

which allows solving problems of a certain class. In psycho-

logy - when studying management processes and procedures for performing

of regulations in various types of activities. Includes

indication of the initial data necessary for solving the problem and

criterion or rule by which the process of finding the result

tata is considered complete. Ability to solve the problem in general

in the form of possession of certain general techniques for solving problems

divided class means mastery of a certain algorithm.


ALEXITHYMIA 519318 814 317 inability of the subject

name the emotions experienced by oneself or others, that is,

translate them into verbal form.



ALEXIA 299481319711 reading disorder, disorder

reading aptitude inability to read a text despite the ability to

inability; or the inability to master the process of reading. The emergence

cabins with damage to various parts of the cortex of the left hemisphere

(for right-handed people).


ALCOHOLISM 148543292 alcohol abuse.


ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ADDICTION: PREVENTION

PSYCHOLOGICAL 148543292 5194 5194 (psychological

prevention of alcoholism and drug addiction) methods of psychological

prevention of alcoholism and drug addiction.


ALCOHOLISM SECONDARY 148543292 228 (alcoholism

symptomatic) the development of alcoholism against the background of another disease

mental disorders, such as schizophrenia.


ALCOHOLISM CHRONIC 148543292317 914 At

chronic alcoholism as addiction to alcohol worsens

manifestations of withdrawal symptoms are eliminated, mental and physical

addiction to alcohol consumption (morbid consumption)

alcoholism in order to avoid mental and

physical discomfort that occurs when abstaining from alcohol

(coglya), pathological changes gradually appear in

internal organs, metabolic disorders, liver damage

ripheral nerves, functional organic changes

in the central nervous system. In parallel, degradation increases.

social and mental disorders, epilepsy and alcoholism appear.

naya and alcoholic psychoses.


ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS 489411319811 general

a national organization uniting alcoholics who expressed

willingness to independently recover from alcoholism and help in

this to others, and their relatives.


ALBINISM 519317 819 887421 hereditary anomaly

in humans and animals, characterized by partial or complete

absence of pigmentation of the skin, iris and hair,

feathers or wool. Caused by the absence of the enzyme tyrosine-

zy, involved in the synthesis of the pigment melanin.


ALTRUISM 498717319887 value orientation system

personality traits in which the central motive and criterion of morality

the interests of another person or social

community. The central idea of altruism is the idea of selflessness.

as a non-pragmatically oriented activity, performed

my in the interests of other people and not implying real

rewards.


ALPHA-RHYTHM 519 314 encephalogram rhythm in the state

relative rest. It has a frequency of 8 13 Hz and an average am-

30 70 μV with periodic amplification and attenuation

(alpha spindles). Excited by thalamocortical and in-

tracortical processes. Analysis of alpha-characteristics

rhythm is important in studying cognitive processes, age

dynamics and individual characteristics.


ALPHA TRAINING 498799009611 psychotherapeutic

a technique based on biological feedback. Conclusions

is in training - according to the scheme of instrumental conditioning -

regulation of such psychophysiological processes that

were previously considered beyond conscious control.

the instrumental signal output changes not only from the brain of the go-

logical, but also from other organs: the vascular system and the heart,

muscles, etc. In addition, alpha training is used as an element

meditative techniques), in which the goal is to achieve deep

lateral relaxation and entering into special states of consciousness,

associated with a slowdown in the frequency of electrical activity

brain.


AMBIVALENCE 319814819311 (duality,

ambiguity) duality, ambiguity, sometimes pro-

contradictory. In the psychology of feelings it means duality

experience, the joint presence in the soul of two opposites

of seemingly incompatible aspirations concerning one

object - for example, likes and dislikes.


AMBIVALENCE OF FEELINGS 591489 718 14 - Disagree-

the contradictoriness, inconsistency of several simultaneously tested

feelings expressed towards a certain object; contradictory

the subject's positive attitude towards the object is a simultaneous direction

laziness towards one and the same object of opposite feelings.

A complex of emotional states associated with duality

relationship - with simultaneous acceptance and rejection.


AMBIDEXTRIA 391814919007 - congenital or expressed

the training-induced equal development of the functions of both hands - without

highlighting the leading hand.


AMBITION DISORDER OF CONSCIOUSNESS

4180981917 8 the state of his incoherence, characteristic: 1)

complete loss of orientation in the outside world - when the loss

self-awareness is reduced and the memorization of new information is disrupted

information; 2) motor excitement; 3) hallucination-

we; 4) the absence of memories of this state when it

passes.


AMIMIYA 419317819917 weakening or inhibition of mi-

mics, which occurs in diseases of the nervous system and some

other mental illnesses. Amimia, which occurs when

extrapyramidal system disorder, is a manifestation

disturbances of the motor components of emotional and input reactions

leads to general akinesia syndrome. When the frontal lobes are affected,

brain amimia is caused by disturbances in the sphere

emotional and is part of the frontal lobe syndrome.


AMNESIA 41854328 - memory impairment, often expressed

a severe loss of the ability to retain memory of the cold again.

information. They cover periods from several minutes

up to several years. They arise from various local po-

brain lesions.


ANTERETROGRADE AMNESIA 418543298 violation

memory of events that occurred after the onset of the disease

or after the moment of injury. In this case, the brain loses the ability to

the ability to transfer information from short-term to long-term memory

temporary. It can cover periods of varying duration.

odes.


AMNESIA PROTECTIVE 4185432319 memory impairment,

manifested in the form of forgetting (repression) of the unpleasant, traumatic

worldly past experience.


INFANTILE AMNESIA 418543252 1 peculiar

a form of amnesia; in most people it affects the early years

childhood - up to the sixth or eighth year of life.


AMNESIA HYSTERICAL 4984185432 peculiar

a form of amnesia in neurotics, the source of which is amnesia of the in-

fanciful.


POSTHYPNOTIC AMNESIA 41854321 (amnesia

posthypnotic) - memory impairments manifested as

occurrence of events that occurred during a hypnotic session.

RETROGRADE AMNESIA 4185432418 manifests itself in

in the form of memory impairment for events preceding the disease

or trauma; events that occurred during the period are forgotten

several hours, days, and sometimes years before the disease.


EXPERIMENTAL AMNESIA 94185432 method

to test various hypotheses about the functioning of memory,

where pharmaco-

drugs, hypoxia, electroconvulsive shock. Due to

their actions are interrupted by electrical activity, ensuring

preserving the trace in short-term memory, and preventing

its transition to long-term memory is being achieved.


AMOK 9184819 is an ethno-specific term meaning

psychopathological syndrome, characterized by sudden onset

development of a panic state (panic) with a change in consciousness

twilight type (twilight clouding of consciousness) and

an uncontrollable desire to move in one direction,

crushing and breaking everything that stands in the way, and killing those who do this

interferes. Continues until the patient is stopped or until he

will not fall from powerlessness.


AMUZIA 498017 - loss of ability to understand or perform

understand music, write and read notes. Occurs when damaged

temporal regions of the cortex of the right hemisphere of the brain (in right-handed people)

head due to musical hearing impairment. Manifested in

failure to recognize known melodies, difficulty in perception and

reproduction of rhythmic sound combinations (arrhythmia). Often

combined with auditory agnosia, in which they cease to distinguish

normal sounds or noises may occur.


ANACLYSIS 498317814218 is a concept meaning excessive

measured emotional dependence of an individual on other people.

He begins to feel that his thoughts, feelings and motivations

nia arise simultaneously with the appearance of the same conditions in

people with whom he is in an analytical relationship. This fe-

the nomen is interpreted as a regression of behavior to the stage

unity of the child with the mother, when such a connection was natural-

Noah.


ANALYSIS 3198 the process of dismembering a whole object or

phenomena into their component parts - in terms of mental representations

or material modeling. Analysis is inextricably linked with

synthesis.


ACTIVE ANALYSIS 31978 is a method of psychotherapy that combines

It reveals elements of psychoanalysis (primarily the associative method)

ny) and other psychotherapeutic methods.


BIOENERGETIC ANALYSIS 898317418 form of te-

forest-oriented psychotherapy. When conducting the analysis

bioenergetics first sets the task of determining the type of char-

character, that is, to find such things in the clients physical organization

areas where normal functioning does not occur due to muscle tension

small movement of "psychic energy". After this work

moves on to “shaping a new body” through exercise,

based on the tension and relaxation of certain muscles;

release of breath; bodily expression of emotions. Presupposed

It is believed that the energy previously associated with muscular tension

the psychic can again become available to the client.


GRAPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 598421918411 revealed

the study of individual psychological variability of handwriting.

It is used to identify manuscripts (for example, signatures)

this) and to determine mental states or character traits

logical features of the author of the manuscript.


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE 419 4118 in psychology

a statistical method that allows one to analyze the influence of differences

personal factors (features) on the studied (dependent) variable

belt. The essence of the analysis of variance is the decomposition

(variance) of the measured feature into independent components,

each of which characterizes the influence of a certain factor or

their interactions. Subsequent comparison of such terms

allows you to evaluate the significance of each factor and their combination

tions.


CATEGORICAL ANALYSIS 214217814318 in psychol-

gyi is a method of studying the development of psychological knowledge as

activities, the elements of which are specific scientific categories,

reproducing various aspects of mental reality:

image, action, motive, etc.


CAUSAL-DYNAMIC ANALYSIS 918317418978

methodological strategy - designed to highlight

units of the psychic: different from the usual analysis, decomposing

breaking the whole into its constituent elements, and the quality of the whole is lost.

in causal-dynamic analysis is considered

such a minimal element in which the whole is still revealed.


QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 419718918912 research method

psychological studies that do not use quantitative data.

indicators, but drawing conclusions only on the basis of logical reasoning.

statements on the facts obtained.


CLUSTER ANALYSIS 498 311 819217 mathematical

a procedure for analyzing multidimensional data that allows, on the basis of many

of indicators characterizing a number of objects, grouped

to organize them into classes clusters so that objects within a class

were more homogeneous and similar than objects of different classes.

owls. Based on the numerical parameters of objects, the following are calculated:

distances between them, expressed in the Euclidean metric (sa-

my used) or in others. The method is widely used in

psycholinguistics.


CONTROL ANALYSIS 91891791987 psychoanalytic

a procedure that serves the purposes of professional training

psychoanalysts, in which the future psychoanalyst participates in

as an intern in the second year of study. At the same time, he is independent

clearly conducts psychoanalytic sessions with the client, but

After each session, discuss it with your teacher,

what uses stenographic records, where the dia-

log with the client and the intern's own comments.


ANALYSIS SHORT 519515819891 a form of psychoanalysis,

characterized by its focus only on local topics, relevant

the nature of which was determined at the stage of preliminary psy-

chodiagnostics. The main procedures for its implementation are

analysis of free associations and transfer are used. Application of the analysis

Liza Korotkogo is especially effective in fairly light conditions

forms of neurotic symptoms and actual psychological

ical conflicts.


CORRELATION ANALYSIS 319317819817 method of sta-

tistic assessment of the form, sign and closeness of the connection of the studied

signs or factors. Allows for a very short time to

obtain a large amount of data for a large number of subjects.

It is applicable in a number of special cases when the experimental sub-

the move is difficult or even impossible - for example, for ethical reasons

considerations. Allows you to obtain information based on

based on more diverse samples and closer to the essence

reality existing in society - as opposed to laboratory

experiments.


ANALYSIS OF THE FEATURES OF SPEECH COMMUNICATION

491874319887 is one of the projective techniques related to

group of methods for studying expression.


HANDWRITING ANALYSIS 4193179198 is one of the design methods

tive, related to the group of methods for studying expression.


DIRECT ANALYSIS 914 318901008 a method of psychotherapy.

It is a form of psychoanalysis that is specifically focused on

treatment of schizophrenia. A characteristic feature of the method is

the desire to psychoanalytically interpret not only the dreams of the client-

ent, but also all his actions: observable behavior; suddenly

thoughts that come to mind; various quirks and oddities.


REGRESSION ANALYSIS 5193179182279 method of sta-

istic, allowing to study the dependence of the value of the average

of some quantity from the variation of another quantity or not

how many quantities (in this case, the plural is used)

regression analysis). Regression analysis is used pre-

mainly in empirical research when solving problems

questions related to the assessment of certain influences (for example, the influence

intellectual giftedness on academic performance, motives - on

behavior), when constructing psychological tests, etc.


SYSTEM ANALYSIS 319814 918217 an approach to the study

the study of objects and phenomena, expressed in their consideration as

developing systems - with the allocation of the structure of the system and

the laws of transformation and development of the system as a whole.


TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS 598411 818 711 (analysis

transactional, interaction analysis) - Psychoanalytically oriented

oriented direction of psychology. Research method and

treatment of emotional disorders aimed at correcting

nization of relationships with people and overcoming difficulties.


ANALYSIS EDUCATIONAL 519 5173198 psychoanalytic

a procedure that serves the purposes of education of highly qualified

baths of psychoanalysts. The future psychoanalyst participates in

consulting your teacher as a client.


FACTOR ANALYSIS 531488 918 multivariate method

mathematical statistics, used in the study of statistics

tistically related features in order to identify certain

a large number of factors hidden from direct observation.

With the help of factor analysis, not only is the relationship established

changes in one variable with a change in another, but determined

the extent of this connection is determined and the main factors that lead to

underlying the indicated changes.


EXISTENTIAL ANALYSIS 319314819 008 one

from the directions of modern psychoanalysis - aimed at is-

following the personality in all its fullness and uniqueness of its existence

existence existence. Existential analysis comes from

philosophical premise that what is truly personal in a human being is

ke is revealed only when he is freed from the

formal connections with the world, the social environment. Human beings

existence is interpreted in the context of three temporal modes

past, present and future; symptoms of neurotic

disorders occur when, due to the predominance of one of these

modes there is a narrowing of the inner world of the individual and a limitation

narrowing the horizon of her existential vision.


ANALYZER 498 614 33019 designation of the functional-

unit responsible for receiving and analyzing sensory information

formations of any one modality. The analyzer is a part

reflex apparatus, which also includes: the mechanism of is-

additional - a set of command neurons, motor neurons

new and motor units; and special neurons modulators-

neurons that change the degree of excitation of other neurons.


TASTE ANALYZER 890 319718471 neurophysio-

a logical system whose operation provides a unique

analysis of chemicals entering the oral cavity.


MOTOR ANALYZER 234891718411 neuro-

physiological system through which analysis is carried out

and synthesis of signals coming from the organs of movement. Participates

ability to maintain constant muscle tone of the body and coordination

movements.


ANALOGY 498712 8901 Similarity between objects in non-

in which relation. The use of analogy in cognition is the basis

va for putting forward assumptions, guesses, hypotheses. Tasks for

the establishment of analogies is part of the content of psychodiagnostic

surveys. Difficulties in finding similarities between

objects by abstract feature can be an indicator

insufficient development of thinking or its disorders.


ANALGESIA 219014 8901 519 Reduction or complete

elimination of pain sensitivity.


ANANKE 891714 219 372 (ananka) real need, natural

urgent necessity.


ANDROGEN 498 071 319807 Male sex hormones,

produced primarily in the testes. The most active

ny testosterone plays an important role in the development of male

organs.


ANDROGYNY 989014 319788 Concept for designation

people who successfully combine both traditionally masculine and

traditionally feminine psychological qualities. Androgyny

an important psychological characteristic of a person that determines

the ability to change one's behavior depending on the situation.

It promotes the development of resistance to stress, in particular

achieving success in various areas of life.


ANESTHETIC 59189171 481 Substance used for

suppression of sensitivity to pain.


ANIMA 591048 789371 feminine principle.


ANIMISM 898 319781 489087 Ideological pre-

presentations in which the animate are considered to be practically

all objects that are in some connection with human activity

body.


CHILDREN'S ANIMISM 219014 319811 Children's ideas

those according to which even inanimate objects are animate.

lent. This is especially typical for children of five years of age.

grows and disappears as the socio-cognitive development progresses

development.


ANIMUS 214318819715 masculine principle.


ANOMIA 598712 819 301 A concept for explaining behavior

deviant behavior: suicide, apathy, disappointment, etc.

Expresses a historically conditioned process of destruction

the development of basic elements of culture - primarily in terms of norms

ethical - with a fairly sharp change in social ideals

and morals.


ANTILOCALIZATIONISM 891041519719 091 Neuro-

a psychological school that recognized that the state

The central brain is a single and undifferentiated whole

the work of which determines the functioning of all pro-

mental processes equally. It was believed that when

in any area of the brain there is a general decline in function.

mental disorders, the degree of which depends on the extent of the damage

area.


ANTIPSYCHIATRY 391489 011 989 Psychological

doctrine and ideological teaching aimed at demythologization,

exposure and radical restructuring of modern psychiatry

ria as a mass form of violence.


ANTICIPATION 2193178 The ability of a system in some

in some form to foresee the development of events, phenomena, results

actions. In psychology, two semantic aspects of this are distinguished-

go concepts:

1) the ability to imagine a possible outcome

tat action before its implementation, and also to present a way to re-

solving a problem before it is actually solved (intuition-

tion);

2) the body's ability to prepare for a reaction to some

a second event before its occurrence; this is an expectation (or reflection

(preceding) is usually expressed in a certain pose or

movement and is provided by the action acceptor mechanism.


ANTHROPOGENESIS 219214 8179101 The process of origin

man (homo sapiens), the origin and development of all species

genus Man (Homo), considered in biological and psych-

in the Czech plan.


ANTHROPOLOGY 248318719 417 Biological science of

the origin and evolution of the physical organization of man and

human races. Sometimes the term is understood in a broader sense

as a set of sciences about man.


ANTHROPOMORPHISM 918417 489217 The idea of

the presence of mental properties and abilities in animals,

existing only for man.


ANTHROPOPHOBIA 498716 019811 A type of neurosis, characterized by

suffering from a pathological fear of people and crowds.


ANEROSIA 888017 918 341 Lack of sexual desire.


ANESTHETIC 514 317 988 277 Deprived of sensory

nost.


APATHY 938 781 411 8779801 A condition characteristic of

emotional passivity, indifference, simplification

feelings, indifference to surrounding events and weakening

motivations and interests. It occurs against the background of reduced physical

ological and psychological activity. It is formed as a result of

a long-term mental disorder, sometimes arising

It occurs in some organic lesions of the brain.

It can be observed in dementia, and is a consequence of prolonged

living somatic disease.


APNEA 841900 191 891 More or less prolonged

respiratory depression.


VESTIBULAR APPARATUS 219 398 481 711 part

the ear labyrinth, which includes the semicircular canals and two

cavities - sacculus and utriculus; responsible for the perception of

positioning and head movements.


MOTOR APPARATUS 914 718 019 487 physiological

a logical system, due to the work of which the construction and execution of

movements. It consists of the skeleton, muscles, tendons, nerves

centers and pathways - afferent and efferent.


EQUIPMENT PSYCHOLOGICAL914318

7190973214598 devices, instruments and equipment used

used to record and measure mental processes,

functions and states.


APPERCEPTION 981 0191 38923109 a property of perception,

existing at the level of consciousness and characterizing personality

level of perception. Reflects the dependence of perception on

past experience and attitudes of the individual, from the general content

mental activity of a person and his individual characteristics

features.


APRAXIA 419 891 39980319 (apractoagnosia) violation

voluntary purposeful movements and actions, impossible

the ability to perform purposeful movements under normal conditions

the functioning of the intellect and the motor and sensory systems

weed.


ARTIFACT 5194 3918019 99801 Phenomenon or effect,

brought into the experiment by the researcher.


CLINIC ARTIFACT 594 7128918 019 special behavioral

psychiatric disorders that occur in patients with psychiatric

clinics as a reaction to a new, stressful situation, where they

are subject to: forced hospitalization, lack of meaningful

disciplinary activities, limiting social contacts, etc.


ARCHETYPE 541 318 016 a term of analytical psychology

means the essence, form and method of connection of inherited unconscious

original prototypes and structures of the psyche, passing from generation to generation.

generation. Archetypes provide the basis for behavior,

structuring of personality, understanding of the world, internal unity

the relationship between culture and mutual understanding.


ARCHIVING 891001 89819 structuring and organizing

the consolidation of information into long-term memory.


ASYMMETRY 519064 08918 absence or violation

symmetry.


ASYMMETRY INTERHEMISPHERIC 418718391 488

characteristics of the distribution of mental functions between

left and right ears: when performing the same functions

In mental cases the left hemisphere is the leading one, in others the right one

howl.


ASYNCHRONICITY 519718314 812 characteristic of the pro-

processes that do not coincide in time.


ASKESIA 498714 819 an ancient concept meaning preparation

training of athletes for sports competitions. In the future, they will receive

lo expanded interpretation and came to mean the fight against vices

and the desire for a virtuous life.


ASSIMILATION 419712 819 a mechanism that ensures

use of previously acquired skills in new conditions and

skills without changing them significantly: by means of new

the object or situation is combined with the set of pre-

metas or another situation for which a scheme already exists.


ASSOCIATION 548714 3198 01 One of the main

directions of world psychological thought, explaining the di-

namics of mental processes by the principle of association.


ASSOCIATION 591 482 891098 The connection between the mental-

phenomena, formed under certain conditions, under which

the second actualization (perception, representation) of one of them

entails the emergence of another. Psychophysiological basis

associations are conditioned reflexes. In social psychology,

a group where there is no unifying activity that unites it together

naya, organization and management, and value orientations, based on

environments of interpersonal relationships, manifested in conditions

group communication.


ASTASIA 918008 969314 impairment of ability to stand,

caused by a violation of the coordination of the body's muscles during extensive

lesions of the frontal lobes and body of the medulla callosum of the brain.


ASTENIK 555 8910198 45 an individual with the following

body features: thinness, narrow shoulders and chest

cage, long legs, elongated face, long and thin nose.

Asthenics usually have schizoid or schizothymic traits.

a temperament characterized by isolation, withdrawal, and inconsistency

as a result of responses to external stimuli, increased

vulnerability with emotional coldness, experience

asthenic feelings.


ASTENIA 456 891 01 2139 1. Weakness of the nervous

mental; manifested in increased fatigue and exhaustion

sensitivity, reduced threshold of perception, extreme instability

mood swings, sleep disorders. Occurs as a result of different

diseases, with excessive mental and physical stress

overstrain, prolonged negative experiences and

conflicts. 2. The defining property of character. To asthenic-

The group includes two varieties - asthenics and psychasthenics.

niks (psychasthenia). Their common properties are increased sensitivity

ity and rapid exhaustion. They are excitable and exhaustible.

in the neuropsychic sense.


ASTEREOGNOSIA 531 488914 019 a type of tactile agnosia

noy; manifests itself in the inability to recognize familiar objects

when palpating them with closed eyes. It is caused by

expression of secondary cortical fields of the parietal region of the brain

head, leading to a disorder of analysis and synthesis of various

cutaneous-kinesthetic sensations entering the cortex of the body

the brain region when palpating an object, and weakening

tactile images of objects.


ASTROLOGY 489717 319481 Ancient Teaching on Influence

celestial bodies on earthly life, including fate and behavior

human development.


ATAVISM 891012 31978014 manifestation by the body in the course of

its growth of certain characteristics inherited from its distant ancestors

kov, and previously these features performed an important adaptive function.

important role, later lost.


BRAIN ATTACK 318319 489 061 (brainstorming) me-

a technique for stimulating creativity and productivity.


ATTRIBUTION 918919 818 714 attribution to social

objects (person, group, social community) are characterized by

sticks that are not presented in the field of perception. Attribution is the main

a new way of “completing” the directly perceived

information. In domestic psychology, social attribution

is considered as a mechanism for many social processes;

its role in intergroup interaction and regulation is shown

marital relations, in the emergence of conflicts of production

governmental, etc.


CAUSAL ATTRIBUTION 498714318712 interpret-

the human perception of interpersonal causes and motives

behavior of other people.


ATROPHY 314812 819714 degeneration of organic

structures. In psychology it is used in the sense of degeneration

some mental function from lack of exercise or from unfavorable

pleasant, traumatic effects - long-term

stress, conflict, frustration, drugs, intoxication and

etc.


ATTRACTION 314819 719 579 a concept meaning the appearance

lection in the perception of a person's attractiveness

one of them for the other.


AUDIENCE 319481919241. In psychology - a group,

receiving speech. Usually spatially located

a small group united by interaction with a communicator

during the perception of a speech message.


AUTISM 428 516 319017 is a concept meaning extreme

the form and state of psychological alienation, expressed in

withdrawal, “departure”, “flight” of the individual from contacts with the active

reality and immersion in the closed world of one's own

experiences when the voluntary organization of thinking is disrupted

is due to its subordination to affective needs.


CHILDHOOD AUTISM 428 516 3190 a childs characteristic or

a teenager whose development is characterized by a sharp decrease in con-

tact with others, poorly developed speech and a peculiar

reaction to changes in the environment.


AUTISM EARLY CHILDHOOD 428 516 319017 491 cli-

syndrome, the main symptoms of which are: congenital non-

the child's ability to establish affective contact

by means of gaze, facial expressions and gestures, and not conditioned

low intellectual level; stereotypical behavior;

unusual reactions to stimuli; speech development disorders

early manifestation (before the 30th month of life).


APHASIA 491819 319 812 complete or partial loss of ability

speech abilities; speech disorder that occurs with local

lesions of the cortex of the left hemisphere of the brain (in the right

neck). It is a systemic disorder of various types.

of speech activity. Manifested in violations of phonematics-

logical, morphological and syntactic structures of speech and

attention to speech while maintaining the movements of the speech apparatus and

elementary forms of hearing.


AFONIA 519 317 919 064819 loss of voice while maintaining

of holistic speech. It arises due to organic or functional

nal disorders in the larynx (vocal cords, laryngeal

muscles). In particular, it happens: when the vocal

ligaments of lecturers; in case of sudden and strong emotions; when using

terii.


AFFECT 598071 319498 strong and relatively short-

temporary neuropsychic excitement - emotional

a condition associated with a sharp change in important factors for the subject

life circumstances. Accompanied by sharply expressed

motor manifestations and changes in the functions of the internal

organs, loss of volitional control and violent expression

emotional experiences. It arises in response to an already

an event that has passed and is, as it were, shifted towards its end. The affect develops

occurs in critical conditions when the subject is unable to

find an adequate way out of dangerous, often unexpected

situations.


AFFECT: ACCUMULATION 8071 319498 918 process

long-term accumulation of negative emotions is not small

of force with subsequent discharge in the form of a stormy and small

controlled affective explosion, occurring without visible consequences

reasons.


AFFECT OF INADEQUACY 071 319498 489 negative

a physical emotional state that occurs in response to an un-

success, failure. Characteristically or by denying the very fact of non-

success, or by shifting responsibility for it onto others.

It can manifest itself in increased resentment, mistrust,

suspiciousness, aggressiveness and negativity.


AFFECTIVE 319 814518017 relating to the state of

of pleasure or displeasure; associated with sensations,

emotions, passions, feelings, thoughts.


AFFERENTATION 459 714 899 081 constant flow

nerve impulses entering the central nervous system

from the sense organs that perceive information both from

from external stimuli (exteroception) and from internal ones

organs (interoception). It is directly dependent on

the strength of stimuli and the saturation of the environment with them, as well as from the

standing - activity or passivity - of an individual.


AFFERENTATION MODIFIED 314571089384 spec-

physical response of the body to sharply changed, un-

conditions of existence. Particularly clearly manifested

occurs when exposed to weightlessness, when the affect changes sharply.

Rent from the otolith device, musculoskeletal apparatus

that, cardiovascular and other systems. In subjects, for the first time,

those experiencing weightlessness experience a feeling of falling,

failures accompanied by negative emotions.


AFFERENT 498741 818 299 characteristics of the central

the rapidity of the processes of nervous excitation - their direction

laziness along the nervous system from the periphery to the center, in particular

sti, to the brain.


AFFILIATION 591 394 818 544 the desire to be in the community

the presence of other people, the need for communication, for the implementation

emotional contacts, in manifestations of friendship and love.


_B_


BARBITUROMANIA 498714 319888 a type of substance abuse.

Characterized by the need for constant use of barbiturates.


PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER 498714 889057 mental

a state of mind manifested as inadequate passivity, pre-

hindering the performance of certain actions, - internal

obstacle of a psychological nature: reluctance, fear, un-

confidence, etc. In social behavior, barriers are psychological-

ical are represented by communication barriers (barriers

communication), manifested in the lack of empathy, in harshness

interpersonal attitudes, social and other; as well as barriers

frames of meaning.


BARRIER OF SEMANTIC 598 069 49812 mutual misunderstanding

the feeling between people that arises during communication is a consequence of the fact that

that the participants in the conversation attribute the same events to

pits have different meanings and see different motivations in their depths.


ESCAPE INTO ILLNESS 591398 712 889 concept and concept-

tion, recording and explaining the causes and mechanism of a number of

mental illnesses, especially neuroses, characterized by the presence of

due to a persons unconscious desire to get sick and

sinking into illness as a means and method of protection from conflict

and reality.


ESCAPE FROM FREEDOM 498881019781 concept and con-

concept that records and explains the causes and mechanisms

the action of dynamic factors of the psyche that motivate a person

centuries to the voluntary renunciation of freedom.


CONVERSATION 519317919 891 in psychology a method of obtaining

information based on verbal communication; refers to

survey methods.


CLINICAL CONVERSATION 51931791419 018 method of semi-

obtaining information through oral questioning of the client and conducting

conducting a therapeutic conversation when providing psychological,

psychiatric and medical care.


HELPLESSNESS LEARNED 519371 818911 co-

a state that occurs in humans and animals after a sufficient amount of

prolonged aversive influence, which cannot be avoided

In animals, learned helplessness manifests itself in inhibition.

reduction of motor behavior, weakening of biological motivations

vations, impaired ability to learn new skills, and

also the emergence of various somatic disorders -

hair loss, high blood pressure, ulceration

the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, decrease

general resistance of the body, etc. A person is helpless

learned ness manifests itself in emotional disorders

(depression or neurotic anxiety); the appearance of dis-

psychosomatic structures.


HELPLESSNESS COGNITIVE 519891319488

a psychological state or situation in which an individual,

having the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities to solve the problems

task, due to a number of reasons of a cognitive nature,

is unable to solve it.


UNCONSCIOUS 591008 719311

1. The totality of mental processes, acts and states, caused by phenomena of reality, in relation to which there is no subjective, conscious control, and in the influence of which the subject is not aware. The unconscious is everything that does not become the subject of special actions for awareness.

2. The form of reflection of the mental in which the image is real

ness and the subject's attitude towards it do not act as an object

special reflection and constitute an inseparable whole.


UNCONSCIOUS HIGHER 519 377898 997 (super-

knowledge) higher feelings and abilities, intuition, inspiration.


UNCONSCIOUS COLLECTIVE 7898 898 742

a special form of social existence of the unconscious

as a storehouse, custodian and carrier of genetically inherited

experience of phylogenetic development of mankind. Special class

mental phenomena, which, unlike the unconscious

individual (personal) are the bearers of experience of philo-

netic development of mankind.


UNCONSCIOUS PERSONAL 318 482 55946192 form-

is reflected in the development of individual human experience and is

the contents that they displace are complexes.


UNCONSCIOUS LOWER 598 484 558 7191 in-

stinctive impulses, passions, primitive desires, etc.

UNCONSCIOUS SOCIAL 428 01916 559

89014213 - the unconscious, common to most people, -

repressed elements, the content of which is what the given

society cannot allow its members to realize that

if it intends to continue to operate successfully on the basis of

its own contradictions.


UNCONSCIOUS MIDDLE 8819905191714213

thoughts and feelings that can be easily recognized.


UNCONSCIOUSNESS 489 091319611 one of the recognized

kov mental, which, however, is not characteristic.

BILO 591319 811 799 is an ethno-specific term meaning

a form of psychotherapy practiced in folk medicine

Madagascar, aimed at harmonizing the self-esteem of the sick

tormented by neurotic symptoms (irritability-

anxiety, worry, worry).


BIOLOGISM 429 312 918 542 is one of the reasons why

it was not without reason that behaviorism invoked its refusal to study co-

knowledge, - lack of information about the corresponding neural mechanisms-

nisms; the state of science at that time did not allow objective analysis

to come to the study of the role of the brain in the phenomena of consciousness.

BIOPSYCHISM 489712 819 32281 theory in natural science,

according to which the psyche is attributed to all living things, incl.

tea plants.


EVOLUTIONARY BIOPSYCHOLOGY 891498 719 422

sometimes this name combines the psychology of comparison

physical and zoopsychology.


BIOPHIL 319 415888 78219 (biophilic) personality and type

individuals focused on love for living things and creation.

The opposite concept is necrophiliac.


BIOPHILIA 498 889 317428 (biophilic orientation)

one of the types of general, fundamental orientation,

defining way of life and manifested in attraction to

life and all living things, in the desire to love, to do good and

create.


BIOENERGETICS 918714 the main goal of therapy is to

the return of man to his “primary nature” to the state of being

extreme pleasure, freedom of movement, liberation

body, including it in life. “Return to the body” is realized

through special exercises based on tension

ing and relaxing certain muscle groups, as well as

verbal ways of releasing pent-up emotions.


BISEXUALITY 591488989784 (predisposition

bisexual) - "double sexuality" - a concept that reflects

the dual nature of sexuality, due to the presence of

in each individual there are male and female elements, depending on

dependence on the development and the relationship of which the correspondence is formed

responsible type of sexual preferences and behavior.


BEHAVIORISM 918491519 318 direction in the American-

psychology of the 20th century. Behaviorism developed as a direction

with a clear natural science bias, and its founders attempted to

tried to find forms of an objective approach to mental life.

According to behaviorists, concepts such as awareness, experience,

suffering, etc. cannot be considered scientific, because they

as a product of self-observation, they are subjective and cannot be fixed.

sations by objective, scientific means. The subject of study

can be behavior, activity. Activity, external and

internal, described through the concept of reaction, to which it refers

changes in the body that could be recorded are observed

objectively.


GEMINI DIVINATES 591848 twins, developing

from two different eggs from simultaneous fertilization.

creations by two different spermatozoa. They can be of one or

of different sexes and exhibit the same differences as normal

brothers and sisters.


PROXIMITY 399016488 917 a type of situation that includes

two and providing opportunities for personal affirmation

values based on cooperation that is generated by mutual

with adaptive behavior aimed at achieving

the feeling of increasing mutual satisfaction and a sense of security

the dangers of his position.


BRAIN BLOCK489718916314structural-

functional model of brain localization of functions, psych-

higher logical man.


BOVARISM 591 318 719488 is a term denoting clinical-

a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to conduct clear

which line between reality and fantasy, a tendency

replace the real with the imaginary. In this case, the imaginary world

can have both a positive valence (“dreams of desires”),

as well as negative (“fantasies of fears”).


WAKE 48931748519 otherwise active state

nie. In Western psychology, it is traditionally considered as

a state of activation of the entire organism, allowing it to capture

to detect, select and interpret signals from the outside world,

edit some of them into memory or react to them

adequate or inadequate behavior - depending on

previous experience and skills.


DISEASE 548764319 017 purely practical summary

a concept meaning the threshold of summation of predisposition and per-

thinning, as a result of which many people move from the category

healthy into the category of the mentally ill, or vice versa.


DOWN DISEASE 519517819 31 (Trisomy 21) Congenital

anomaly caused by the presence of an additional, third

chromosome 21 (hence the other name). Patients differ

Mongoloid facial features and slight debility.


PAIN 498712891319 a mental condition that occurs

as a result of extremely strong or destructive impacts on

an organism when its existence or integrity is threatened.


FEAR 891 019 4918808 a state of expectation of danger and

preparation for it.


DELIRIUM 8142351 (delusional phenomenon) Formed as a result of

diseases are a set of various ideas, concepts,

statements and conclusions that do not correspond to reality, in

which a person cannot be dissuaded.


BUREAUCRACY 498712 818914 in the psychological aspect-

those are a phenomenon that arises in the context of non-economic relations

between the impersonal administrative apparatus and the social object

ectome, excluding the impact on this device from the outside

people. The governing apparatus, turning into a united elite,

opposes any social change or strives to

to adapt to them while maintaining the existing levers of power.

It can manifest itself at any level of functioning of society.

of the internal device: at the level of organizations, primary sub-

divisions. Its most important features are strict regulation of

management and methods of transmitting information at all levels

management and execution, authoritarianism of consciousness, conformism.

Bureaucracy requires an individual to accept the situation without question.

the existing order of things, the absence of one's own positions,

uncritical adherence to a prescribed pattern, preservation

"psychological distance" between the ruling elite and

subordinates. It also manifests itself socio-psychologically

in resistance to innovation, personal initiative, creativity

search, in the cultivation of incompetence and careerism.


_IN_


VALIDITY 519317418 914 is one of the most important characteristics

the theristics of psychodiagnostic methods and tests, one of the main

main criteria of their quality. This concept is close to the concept

reliability, but not quite identically. Validity indicates

ie, what exactly the test or methodology measures and how well

this does; the more valid they are, the better they reflect that

the quality (property) for the measurement of which they were created.


VALIDITY: CRITERION 317418 914498 in relation to methods means independent indicators and signs, according to

by which its validity can be judged. These criteria are used to assess

The results obtained in practical application are summarized

methods. The criteria may be as follows: behavioral indicators

whether - reactions, actions and deeds of the subject in various situations

life situations; the subject's achievements in various types of activities

activities educational, work, etc.; data on the implementation of

personal control samples and assignments; data obtained from

other methods, the validity of which or the connection with the tested

the methodology is considered firmly established.


EXTERNAL VALIDITY 418914498 5941 applied

in relation to psychodiagnostic methods means compliance with the re-

results of psychodiagnostics carried out by means of this

methods, independent of the methods of external signs,

relevant to the subject of the examination. Means approximately the same thing,

that validity is empirical, with the difference that here we are talking

it is about the connection between the indicators of the methodology and the most important ones,

key external signs related to behavior

subject. The psychodiagnostic method is considered externally

valid if, for example, it is used to evaluate traits

the character of the individual and his externally observable behavior agree

pokes around with the results of the testing carried out.


INTERNAL VALIDITY 319481 5941 418 example

the relevance of psychodiagnostic methods means compliance

the tasks, subtests and other general goals contained in it and

the concept of the methodology; compliance with the results of psychodiagnostics,

carried out using this methodology, determining the assessment

psychological property used in the most

methodology. The methodology is considered to be internally invalid or insufficient.

sufficiently valid when all or part of the questions included in it

owls, tasks or subtests do not measure what is required by the given

methodology.


CONCEPTUAL VALIDITY 4184498 59 41 819

is understood as a justification from the standpoint of compliance with the author's

ideas about the characteristics of the diagnosed properties, such as

the measure of conformity of test tasks with the author's concept of these

properties.


CRITERION VALIDITY 4198914498 31 (valid-

(by criterion) Understood as a justification for the correlation

between the test results and the empirical criterion. On the

the possible validity of the test in relation to this criterion is indicated

the correlation with it of the test; the higher the correlation coefficient-

tion, the higher the validity. The development of factor analysis allows

It was necessary to create tests that were valid in relation to the identification

to the given factor.


VALIDITY THEORETICAL 419898914498 (valid-

constructive validity, conceptual validity) as applied

psychodiagnostic methods means the correspondence of the results

of psychodiagnostics carried out using this method-

ki, indicators of those psychological qualities that theoretically

are physically related to the property being assessed. It is determined by the corresponding

in accordance with the quality indicators obtained by this method,

indicators obtained using other methods - when they

theoretically justified dependence.


VALIDITY EMPIRICAL 891419898914498 (va-

practical leadership) in relation to psychodiagnostic methods

stic means the correspondence of the results of psychodiagnostics,

carried out by means of this technique, the experience of a person, his

actual behavior, as well as observed actions and reactions.

tions of the subject. It is determined by comparing its indicators with

real life behavior or the results of practical

human activities.


VAMPIRE 519418 719 314 the image of a dead man sucking blood from

sleeping people. Pursuing the patient's imagination, quite often

occurs in clinical and psychoanalytic practice and is

expresses the patient's visualization of sensations as if all his psychic

chemical forces are taken away by someone else.


INSPIRATION 891498314 719 a state of peculiarity

tension and rise of spiritual forces, creative excitement of a person

love, leading to the emergence or implementation of a plan and idea

works of science, art, technology. Characteristically increased-

with general activity, extraordinary productivity of activities

activity, the awareness of the ease of creativity, the experience of “possession”

"viability" and emotional immersion in creativity.


VEGETOTHERAPY 591061718 489 a type of body therapy

oriented. The main methods of vegetotherapy are associated with

massage and breathing, as well as with motor and vocal

exercises of different types.


FAITH 598 888 998 617 1. The special state of human

psyche, consisting in the complete and unconditional acceptance of certain

some information, texts, phenomena, events or your own

ideas and conclusions that may subsequently

act as the basis of his self, determine some of his actions

kov, judgments, norms of behavior and relationships. 2. Recognition of something

or true with such determination that it exceeds the force

lu external factual and formal-logical evidence.

VERBAL 514381 914 811 in psychology a term for

designations of forms of sign material, as well as processes of operation

rization with this material.


VERIFICATION 519481 719 311 when checking scientific

concepts - proof or other convincing demonstration

that the phenomena included in the scope and content of this

concepts that really exist and correspond to certain

concept. This also presupposes the existence of a methodology for experimental

verification of the phenomenon described by the concept. Verification is performed

is carried out through the appropriate psychodiagnostic process.

fools.


SUBSTANCE 5193618901 is a neuromodulator used to

transmission of pain signals in the nervous system.


INTERACTION 589017942891 in psychology pro-

the process of direct or indirect influence of an object

subjects (subjects) on each other, generating their mutual

coherence and connection. Acts as an integrating factor,

promoting the formation of structures.


INTERACTION OF ANALYZERS 7942891489 one

but from the manifestations of the unity of the sensory sphere. Interaction

analyzers is also manifested in the joint work of the analyzers-

ditch, giving the subject information about aspects of the external world, about

which none of the analyzers themselves provide information about

et (for example, binocular assessment of the distance of an object when

the joint work of the visual and proprioceptive analyzers

ditch).


GROUP INTERACTION 51431458948189

process of direct or indirect influence

multiple objects (subjects) on each other, generating

their mutual conditioning and connection; occurs between

parts of groups, and between whole groups. Acts as an inter-

a stimulating factor that promotes the formation of structures.

The structure of the group is manifested in status relations.

in the actions of norms recognized by all members of the group

behavior and interaction, in group goals and values.


INTERPERSONAL INTERACTION 4589481948 31798

1. In a broad sense accidental or intentional, private

public or private, long-term or short-term, verbal

verbal or nonverbal personal contact between two or more people,

attracting mutual changes in their behavior, activities,

of wearing and installations. This interpretation is usually used for

indications of a direct relationship somehow mutually

influencing individuals.

2. In a narrow sense a system of mutually conditioned individual actions, connected by a cyclical causal relationship, in which the behavior of each participant acts simultaneously as both a stimulus and a reaction to the behavior of the others.


PSYCHOPHYSICAL INTERACTION 591489 316

- from the standpoint of materialism - an idealistic approach to the problem

psychophysical, according to which consciousness and its nervous

(bodily) substrate two mutually influencing independent

beginning.


MUTUAL ASSESSMENT EXPERT INTRAGROUP

398716914 816 (intra-group expert mutual assessment) me-

a socio-psychological method based on assessments of different

figurative personal and interpersonal characteristics through

mutual questioning of group members who act as ex-

participants evaluating each other's behavior in significant situations.

yas of communication and joint activities.


MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING: MECHANISM 314821069 711 to

These include identification, reflection, stereotyping,

as well as a feedback mechanism.


VIVATION 914891319 (vivation) Rebirthing modification

- characterized by a focus on working with experiences that arise

with altered states of consciousness. It is performed on the ba-

of the five elements: the first element is a detailed development

breathing technique; the second element is the technique of achieving complete

relaxation; the third element combines the techniques of complete,

deep reflection, focused on any internal con-

standing (physical sensations, emotions, images); fourth

the element is based on the search for a context in which the negative

tive experiences would no longer be suppressed, but would be accepted

with joy and gratitude; the fifth element is trust in the self-

and to the therapist.


VIVATION: BREATHING TYPE 9144891319 317 (breathing type

in vivation; type of breathing in vivation) special breathing

exercises that promote states of consciousness

changed and work in these states with internal reality-

stu.


BIOLOGICAL SPECIES 519519 a set of genetic

similar individuals capable of interbreeding with each other and

to produce fertile offspring.


GUILT: SOURCE 23940191967 1 (two sources of guilt)

the source of guilt is fear, which later

is transformed into conscience.


TASTE 498756714 217 is one of the types of chemoreception, pre-

representing the sensitivity of the oral cavity receptors

relative to chemical irritants. Subjectively manifests-

in the form of taste sensations - bitter, sour, sweet,

and their complexes. With the alternation of a number of chemical variables

substances may cause a taste contrast (for example, after

fresh water seems sweet to the lazy person). The holistic image of the taste

occurs as a result of the interaction of taste receptors,

tactile, temperature and olfactory.


ATTRACTION 219317 919 89 instinctive desire,

motivating the individual to act in the direction of satisfaction

of this desire. A mental state expressing indifferent-

renounced, unconscious or insufficiently conscious

the need of the subject, - already having an emotional coloring,

but not yet connected with the advancement of conscious goals.


ATTRACTION: SOURCE 231489 487 51 that somatic-

a process in some organ or part of the body, irritation

which in spiritual life is embodied in attraction.


ATTRACTION: LIMIT 918 817 - conditioned

society the process of determining the conditions and boundaries of manifestation

associated aggressive and erotic desires.


ATTRACTION: FIXATION 489136019 stop and fix-

the release of attraction, especially private, at some level,

stage, phase, period of development.


ATTRACTION DELAYED 48719 31917 attractions,

kept on the path to satisfaction of active or passive

goals, resulting in a long-term attachment to

object and a stable desire. An example is the attitude of tenderness

sti.


ATTRACTION TO LIFE 888999 719 421 (life instinct)

ensure the preservation, maintenance and development of life in

all its aspects.


DEATH DRIVE 319 460 6169 (thanatos) a peculiar

different antisocial counterbalance to the attraction to life. Under it

tendencies towards self-destruction and return to inorganicity are understood

nic condition, which manifests itself in aggression towards

towards persons and objects. Counteraction to the eternal development

it can be carried out explicitly or implicitly by individuals who have

with a death urge.


PRIMARY ATTRACTION 515 519 814913 indecomposable,

elementary drives.


SEXUAL ATTRACTION 498516719 311 polysemantic

a term meaning both sexual desire in general and the aspiration

desire for physical intimacy with a certain person, and motivation

vational aspect of sexuality.


SEXUAL ATTRACTION 548711 918 211 (instinct

sexual; eros) - originating from internal sources

irritating force aimed at eliminating sexual

excitation by direct or indirect means

satisfaction of primary urges. Predetermines and corresponds

there is a need for love and acts as an attraction to life.


INFLUENCE 598417 398 411 in psychology process and re-

the result of an individual changing the behavior of another person, his

attitudes, intentions, ideas, assessments and other things in the course of

interaction with it.


INFLUENCEINDIVIDUALLY SPECIFIC

319481 919811 a form of personalization realized thanks to

broadcasting their personal characteristics to other people

in the form of patterns of personal activity that they have not yet mastered.

Leads to a gradual transformation of personal meanings,

behavior and motivational sphere of other people, manifesting itself in

significant change in their activities at the time of updating in

their consciousness of the image of the individual - the subject of influence. The influence of the individual

species-specific an explanatory principle of a number of phenomena

changes in social facilitation and is implemented both in targeted

activities (training, educational events and

etc.), as well as in any other cases of interaction between individuals

subject of influence with the people around him.


FUNCTIONAL-ROLE INFLUENCE 317 814891444

- the type of influence, the nature, intensity and direction of which

horgo are not determined by the personal characteristics of the partners

interaction, but their role positions.


FALLING IN LOVE 515889 a feeling and a state that

is based on both direct and inhibited (in

sense of purpose) of sexual aspirations, and the object of love-

nost draws onto itself part of the narcissistic libido of the ego.

The essence of falling in love is the change of narcissistic libido to

libido to the object. Its strength is sufficient to destroy the repressed

and restore perversions. It raises the sexual

object to the degree of sexual ideal.


ATTENTION 391118918714 concentration of activity

the subject's position at a given moment in time on some real

or an ideal object - an object, event, image, reasoning-

nii, etc. Attention is the dynamic side of consciousness, characterized by

izing the degree of its focus on the object and concentration

on it in order to ensure its adequate reflection in the shadow

the amount of time required to perform a certain act of de-

activity or communication. Manifested in selective reflection

research of objects in accordance with the needs of the subject and the goals and

the objectives of his activities.


ATTENTION: VOLUME 505641719 317 is one of the charac-

an attention stick that shows how many items are most

can be perceived, or what number of actions can

be carried out simultaneously. The most common experimental

The basic model for studying attention span is the definition

the volume of perception, which depends on the exposure time,

the nature of the stimulus material and the individual's skills. Thus, when

exposure of visual stimuli lasting 0.1 s. volume

attention is on average equal to 7 +/ 2 objects. If possible,

semantic generalization of perceived objects volume of attention

mania increases noticeably.


ATTENTION EXTERNAL 598716 319811 (attention sensor-

but-perceptual) - directed at objects of the external world. Necessary

the necessary condition for the knowledge and transformation of the external world.


ATTENTION INTERNAL 498716319817 (attention internal-

intellectual) - is directed towards the objects of the subjective world of man

love. A necessary condition for self-knowledge and self-education.


ATTENTION INVOLUNTARY 519489 319716 the most

simple and genetically original. It has a passive character, because

is imposed on the subject by external factors in relation to the goals of his activity.

activities of events. It arises and is maintained independently

from conscious intentions, due to the characteristics of the object - but-

of the visual, the strength of the impact, the correspondence to the current need and

etc. The physiological manifestation of this type of attention is reaction

approximate.


ATTENTION POST-ARBITRARY 519310219611

(post-voluntary attention) arises on the basis of attention

arbitrary and consists of focusing on an object due to

its value, significance or interest to the individual. Its appearance

ment is possible as the operational and technical development

aspects of the activity in connection with its automation and the transition

actions in the operation, as well as as a result of changes in motivation

(for example, shifting the motive to the goal). In this case, the mental

tension and conscious purposefulness is maintained

attention, compliance of the direction of activity with the adopted

goals, but its implementation no longer requires special mental

efforts and is limited in time only by fatigue and exhaustion.

depletion of the body's resources.


ATTENTION ARBITRARY 879491488711 direction

is supported and maintained by a consciously set goal, and then

is inextricably linked with speech. About attention, voluntary speech

they are carried out if the activity is carried out in line with conscious intentions.

and requires volitional efforts on the part of the subject. It is distinguished

characterized by an active character, complex structure, mediated

socially developed ways of organizing behavior

and communications; by origin associated with labor activity

body.


SUGGESTIONABILITY 594321714 811 the measure or degree of

susceptibility to suggestion, - increased susceptibility to suggestion

bearing to impulses provoked by other people,

determined and limited by a number of factors, mainly

subjective readiness to undergo and submit to suggestion

influence. Uncritical acceptance of someone else's point of view.

and the willingness to submit (obey) when a person changes

conducts its behavior in accordance with the direct instructions of the law

authority. The tendency to become infected with other people's moods and

to adopt other people's habits. A characteristic of an individual that depends on

from situational and personal factors.


SUGGESTION 598712814314 (suggestion) purposeful

the process of direct or indirect influence on the mental sphere

I am a person focused on a specific programming

the development of a person and the implementation of the suggested content

tion. Associated with a decrease in awareness and criticality when

perception and implementation of the suggested content, as well as with

the absence of purposeful active understanding, detailed

logical analysis and evaluation in relation to past experience

that and the given state of the subject.


POST-HYPNOTIC SUGGESTION 319481 918 (internal

(posthypnotic reaction) is a behavioral phenomenon when a given

in a hypnotic state the task is then carried out unquestioningly

is in a normal state, and the very fact of the existence of the task

is not realized.


EXCITABILITY 548 312688 7 a property of living beings

to become excited under the influence of an irritant

ley or incentives - with the preservation of its traces for some time.


EXCITATION 591 016 718 property of living organisms

- an active response of excitable tissue to irritation. The main

function for the nervous system. The cells that form it have

the property of conducting excitation from the area where it arose,

to other areas and to neighboring cells: Thanks to this, the nerves

cells are capable of transmitting signals from some structures of the body

ma to others, thus excitement became a carrier of information-

tions about the properties of incoming stimuli and, together with

inhibition, - a regulator of the activity of all organs and systems

organism.


TRAUMATIC EXCITATION 591489 318 716

external stimuli (external traumas), strong enough,

to break down the defense against irritation and overwhelm the mental

apparatus with a large number of irritations, traumatic

affecting the psyche.


IMPACT 519617489 in psychology purposeful

the transfer of movement and information from one participant

interactions with another.


ABIOTIC IMPACT 319 (impact of bio-

logically neutral) those types of energy or properties of an object

substances that are not directly involved in metabolism.

In themselves, they are neither useful nor harmful.


AGE 489712618488 in psychology a category meaning

which represents a qualitatively specific stage of ontogenetic development

tical - time characteristics of individual development

tia (chronological age; psychological age).


PRESCHOOL AGE 5487123196 18 development stage

mental from 3 to 6-7 years. Characterized by the fact that the activity

the leading one is the game. It is very important for the formation of personal-

child's feelings.


INFANCY AGE 5419 period of a childs life

between his birth and reaching one year of age.


AGE ADOLESCENCE 5289149 316 (adolescence)

The period of ontogenesis (from 10-11 to 15 years), corresponding to the transition

from childhood to adolescence.


PSYCHOLOGICAL AGE 81842171482631 in the

difference from chronological age this concept means de-

a distinct, qualitatively unique stage of ontogenetic development

tical, determined by the laws of formation

organism, living conditions, education and upbringing and having

concrete historical origin (childhood).


EARLY AGE 408 712 stage of mental development

a child from one to three years old, characterized by high quality

changes in the development of the functions of the cerebral cortex

ha head.


MENTAL AGE 319 744 818 914 the concept of ha-

characterization of the development of the intellectual on the basis of its comparison

with the level of intelligence of other people of the same age. Quantity

the age at which on average

data - such test tasks are solved that are available

to the subject.


CHRONOLOGICAL AGE 488 728 913 expresses

the duration of an individual's existence from the moment of his birth.


SCHOOL AGE JUNIOR 513489614 period

the life of a child from 6-7 to 10 years old, when he is studying in

primary grades (1st 4th grades) of school.


ADOLESCENCE 489 712 814 212 stage of development

ontogenetic development between adolescence and adulthood

for boys it covers the period from 17 to 21 years, for girls

shekels from 16 to 20. At this age, physical development is completed, including

including sexual maturation of the organism. In psychological terms

the main feature of age is the entry into independence

life, when a choice of profession occurs, changes dramatically

social position.


VOLUNTARISM 598716 917481 a trend in psychology and

philosophy, recognizing the will as a special, supernatural force,

that lies at the foundation of the psyche and being in general. Voluntarism in

psychology manifests itself as the assertion of will as a first

a personal ability, determined only by the subject and determined

that underlies all other mental processes and phenomena. Inherent

a person's ability to independently choose a goal and the means

bov its achievements, and the ability to make decisions, express-

his personal attitudes and his own beliefs,

luntarism interprets it as the effect of the action of something standing above the eti-

by acts of a special irrational spiritual entity.


WILL 513964 818 91 the side of consciousness, its active and re-

a regulating principle designed to create an effort and maintain it

as long as necessary. The ability of a person to achieve

set goals in the context of overcoming obstacles,

in self-determination and self-regulation of one's activities and

various mental processes. Thanks to it, a person can

on one's own initiative, based on a conscious need-

sti, to perform actions in a pre-planned direction

and with a predetermined force.


IRRATIONAL WILL 898716 074819 irrational-

passions and impulses that capture and subjugate a person

a person who slavishly realizes uncontrollable impulses.


RATIONAL WILL 519317919 817 purposeful

realistic, disciplined behavior and energetic-

efforts aimed at achieving a rational goal.


IMAGINATION 348716814916 the human ability to

the construction of new images by processing mental com-

component acquired in past experience; the process of mental co-

building the image of an object or situation by restructuring the existing

ideas. Part of the consciousness of the individual, one of the processes

cognitive, characterized by a high degree of clarity and

concreteness. The imagination reflects in a unique and inimitable way

the external world is pressed, a figurative anticipation of the cut occurs

results that can be achieved through certain actions

actions; it allows you to program not only the future of the be-

but also to imagine the possible conditions in which this will happen.

the guidance will be implemented.


IMAGINATION ACTIVE 31705689 9889 there are two types

yes, his: creative imagination; recreating imagination.


IMAGINATION RE-CREATING 531784911674 raz-

is based on a description, story, drawing, diagram, symbol

ox or sign. It is based on the creation of certain images,

corresponding to the description. The person fills the original material

real with the images he had.


IMAGINATION PASSIVE 314812488712 character-

but by creating images that do not come to life;

grams that are not executed or cannot be executed at all

are full. Imagination acts as a substitute for activity.

of its surrogacy, because of which a person refuses the need

ability to act.


CREATIVE IMAGINATION 52196107074312 pre-

assumes the independent creation of an image, thing, feature, not

having analogues, new; sold in original and cen-

products of activity.


EDUCATION 548712684212 activity of transfer

new generations of socio-historical experience; planned

measured and targeted impact on consciousness and behavior

a person with the aim of forming certain attitudes, understand-

principles, value orientations that provide conditions

for its development, preparation for social life and work.


MEMORY 518471818211 - Memory Extraction

long-term images of the past, reproduction of events from

lives, mentally localized in time and space.


COVERING MEMORY 51831791848 second

deep childhood memories that when recalled

act in place of the primary ones, creating the appearance of lesser

significance of the latter. Memories covering are formed

as a result of a shift in reproduction and replace attraction, repress-

into the unconscious, with which they are associatively connected and as

they would cover him up.


MEMORY VOLUNTARY 534961784421 at

voluntary recollection of some event consciously

the attitude towards him is restored, which can be accompanied

the emotions that accompany this episode.


PERCEPTION 519714984217 a holistic reflection of the pre-

places, phenomena, situations and events in their sensory accessible

temporal and spatial connections and relationships; process

formations through active actions subjectively-

the image of a holistic object that directly affects

on analyzers. The phenomena are determined by the objectivity of the world.

niy. Occurs with direct exposure to irritants.

physical deposits on the receptor surfaces of the sense organs.

Together with the processes of sensation it provides direct-

sensory orientation in the external world.


PERCEPTION: UNIT OPERATIONAL 31948801691812

(operational unit of perception) units of perception of the operational

ration corresponds to some selection in the field of perceptual

number of individual objects. In the course of development of the activity of the content

the meaning of these units changes. Thus, when studying telegraph

code initially as an independent unit of perception

each individual one is taken - a dot or a dash, but then - more and more

long sequences of telegraph signs - letters, words

"even phrases". The transition to ever larger units

perception operational, based on semantic unification-

research, generalization and recoding of information elements,

allows you to increase the speed of perception.


PERCEPTION: PROCESS: ONTOGENESIS 519488 (ontoge-

(absence of perception processes) structural changes that occur

occurring in perception as individual development proceeds. The main

an important factor that determines the construction of adequate actions

perceptual actions are practical actions activities

ity - by transforming objects of the external world.


PERCEPTION: DEVELOPMENT 59148871931 2189 quality

a systematic modification of the processes of perception as the organization grows.

ma and accumulation of individual experience its process and results

Tat.


PERCEPTION TYPE 514817914997 Type of perception, ha-

characterizes predominantly introverted or extroverted

tive tendencies of personality. Types of perception correlate with

certain components of intelligence, the dynamics of affect-

tive, character traits and types of mental pathology.


VISUAL PERCEPTION 6386617189118 total

the nature of the processes of constructing an image of the visual external world.


VISUAL PERCEPTION: MICROGENESIS 514919314999

(microgenesis of visual perception) - successive phases

construction of the image of a visual object, starting with space-

physical and temporal localization of the object of perception to the

division of its particular features.


INTERGROUP PERCEPTION 548712612777 pro-

processes of social perception in which the subject and object

perceptions are represented by groups or social communities.

characterized by stereotypy, great fusion of cognitive and

emotional components, bright affective coloring

and a sharply expressed evaluative focus.


INTERPERSONAL PERCEPTION 549316999816 perception

acceptance, understanding and appreciation of a person by another person.


SUBTHRESHOLD PERCEPTION 598516019711 (perception

ie unconscious) - objective perception, realized without

mind control: the phenomenon where information overcomes

physiological threshold, but does not reach the threshold of conscious perception.

acceptance. It still affects the body and is capable of

evoke responses.


PERCEPTION SUBSENSORIAL 531718914 form

direct reflection of mental reality,

caused by such stimuli, the influence of which on

subject unconsciously; one of the manifestations of the unconscious. Un-

conscious perception and processing of incoming signals

through the sense organs and not reaching the threshold value.


HAPTIC PERCEPTION 219481719311 (perception

tie haptic) is one of the forms of mechanoreception. The sensory system

weed, responsible for the construction of the image of tactile sensation

haptic perception, consists of a cutaneous analyzer (so-

tility, temperature) and kinesthetic. The very same construction

the appearance of a tactile image is determined by palpating movements

with the help of hand movements, which reproduce the outline of an object.


PLAYBACK 489406918766 - Extraction Process

information stored in long-term memory is updated

tion of previously formed psychological content (thought-

ley, images, feelings, movements) in the absence of external

of currently perceived pointers.


REPRODUCTION INVOLUNTARY 498714819317

- observed in a situation when a thought or image emerges

memory without the intention of the person; when there is no specially set-

the task of reproduction and it arises under the influence

ideas, thoughts and feelings caused by either perception

some object or situation, or an activity performed

what I'm doing at the moment - reading a book, watching a movie, etc.

etc.


PLAYBACK AT WILL BE 319716064817

is called by the task of reproducing something stored in

long-term memory, which is set either to oneself or to

because of other people. It can occur at the level of recognition.


RECOVERY 319712419888891 (Recovery

reflex) disinhibition partial or complete restoration

the activation of a conditioned reflex after its extinction either after a period of time

interruption (spontaneous recovery), or as a result of

those reappearances of unconditional stimuli or reinforcers

agents of this reflex.


IMPRESSIONABILITY 498714816 the ability to have

representations that vary in brightness and connection with the external world

rom, with varying degrees of expression of feelings in them. This is a quality

The personality is derived from ideas.


WORKING IN 598712488212 the process of adaptation to the act-

the activity being performed during which the

it tunes all psychophysiological functions due to the actual-

ization of the dynamic stereotype. At the same time, excitation increases.

the ability and functional mobility of the nervous system,

the concentration of excitation of nervous processes is reduced. Such

The setting results in a reduction in the execution time of the operation.

tions, to increase the rhythm of work and its productivity.

sti. The running-in is usually completed within the first hour of work,

after which a stable working condition occurs.


TIME 519641888910219 in psychology the subject of many

numerical theoretical and experimental studies,

the main aspects of which are:

1) psychophysical search for mechan-

Nisms of reflection of mental topological (sequential-

simultaneity) and metric (duration) characteristics

ristik of "physical" time;

2) psychophysiological study of the influence of multi-level biological rhythms and patterns of organization of “biological” time on the dynamics of mental processes;

3) socio-psychological - consideration of the characteristics of a person's reflection of "social" time, the specifics of this reflection in various communities and cultural-historical conditions; 4) personal-psychological - the study of the temporal organization of an individual's life path, the structure of the psychological time of an individual.


TIME: PERCEPTION 591489317899 12-figured reflection

the definition of such characteristics of phenomena and processes of external action

reality, such as duration, speed of progression and consequences

sequence. In constructing the temporal aspects of the picture of the world

various analyzers are involved, of which the most important

The role of tangible elements in the precise distinction of time intervals is played by

kinesthetic and auditory sensations. Individual perception

the duration of time periods depends significantly on the in-

the intensity of the activity carried out at this time, and the state of

emotional reactions generated in the course of activity.


TIME: PERCEPTION: VIOLATION 516788918 317

(time perception disorders) loss of the ability to perceive time

local orientation.


PSYCHOLOGICAL TIME 521489 317989 reflection

in the psyche of the system of temporal relations between events

life's path.


REACTION TIME 4897163197668 time interval

between the presentation of a stimulus - a certain signal (optical-

(sensory, acoustic, tactile, etc.) and the beginning of the conditioning

the subject's response to this signal, as instructed by the instructions.


RECALL 498712819 3 the process of extracting information

formations from memory.


VOYEURISM 591489 319611 Sexual deviation

replacing sexual life with secret peeping at sexual

sexual intercourse or sexual organs.


INTERPERSONAL CHOICE: MOTIVATION 517914817214

(motivational core of choices) a system of motives that forms

psychological basis of individual preference.

Analysis of motivation for interpersonal choices allows us to determine

to identify the psychological reasons why an individual is ready to carry out

to have emotional and business contact with some members

groups and rejects others.


SAMPLE 498712688522 a group of subjects represented by

comprising a specific population and selected for experimentation.

ment or research. The opposite concept is a cumulative

general population. A sample is a part of a population of general

Noah.


DEPENDENT SAMPLE 534981 914891 samples consisting of

based on the results of the same subjects after two or

more diverse influences.


REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE 591644311814 891 (ex-

representative sampling) - a sample made according to the rules,

- that is, in such a way that it reflects the specificity of the set of genes

real both in composition and in individual characteristics

included subjects.


SECONDARY BENEFIT 498716519388 from illness: 1) is-

use of the instinct of self-preservation and the “I” of the disease situation

nor for the purpose of gaining certain advantages, material or

psychological; 2) real or perceived advantages

the powers and privileges acquired by the patient as a result of pathogenic

symptoms or disease.


DISPLACEMENT 498716388517 is a specific form of pro-

ctions - an unconscious reorientation of an impulse or feeling to

more accessible object.


DISPLACEMENT 59871798139 (suppression; repression) - one

from the types of psychological protection - a process as a result of which

thoughts, memories, and attractions that are unacceptable to an individual

experiences are expelled from consciousness and transferred to the sphere

unconscious, continuing to influence the individual's behavior and

experienced by him as anxieties, fears, etc.


DISPLACEMENT: STEP 519617 918421 (two steps

displacement) - There are two stages: 1) primary displacement; 2)

secondary displacement.


SECONDARY DISPLACEMENT 599871319611 actually

repression, concerns mental derivatives (derivatives, pro-

originating from something that previously existed) repressed

representations associated with attraction, or thoughts that occur

coming from other sources, but associatively connected with

these ideas.


PRIMARY DISPLACEMENT 598712689317 first phase

repression, which consists in preventing mental activity from entering consciousness

representation of attraction.


SEXUAL REPRESSIVENESS 519514819 314 one of

essential features of the hysterical character, consisting in the exit

beyond the normal increase in resistance against the pull

sexual perceptions - such as shame, disgust, morality and how

there would be an instinctive avoidance of intellectual pursuits of sex-

problem, in extreme cases reaching the point of complete insignificance.

sexual relations until reaching puberty.


_G_


HALLUCINATION 49871600989 perceptions, experiences

in the absence of any external stimulation;

perception of actually absent objects, subjectively

known as real. Pathological disturbance of perceptual

activity consisting of the perception of objects that in the given

moment does not affect the corresponding sense organs.

It usually occurs with various mental disorders, in

stressful situations, as well as during prolonged sensory

isolation.


HEDONISM 498714898 is an ancient concept meaning

Mulberry and pleasure in the ethics of ancient Greek philosophy

for the Naiks it was the basis of the teaching, which recognized the meaning

The pleasure of life is not only physical, but also spiritual.


HEMERALOPIA 5142842 deterioration of visual perception

in low light conditions.


HEMIANOPSIA 519481 319711 loss of ability to perceive

take the left or right half of the visual field.

caused by damage to the nerve pathways of the visual analyzer

areas of the brain chiasm or above. If there is damage

partial blindness occurs in the internal parts of the chiasm

external visual field. When the nerve pathways of the cortex are damaged,

of the visual analyzer of one of the hemispheres of the brain

partial blindness occurs in opposite visual fields

nykh.


GEN 488713918 913 discrete structural unit, local-

lysed in the chromosome and responsible for the transmission of heredity

characteristics. The number of genes varies from species to species.

50 to 100000.


DOMINANT GENE 514891419311 gene, presence

which ensures the manifestation of the characteristic it defines

regardless of whether the other gene of the same pair is dominant

antial or recessive.


RECESSIVE GENE 519 016 89 a gene capable of providing

to detect the manifestation of the characteristic it defines only when it does not

is paired with the corresponding dominant gene.


GENERALIZATION 319891418 is a process that results in

where the subject reproduces a behavioral reaction in response to

all stimuli or situations similar to the stimulus without-

conditional or with the situation in which the reinforcement was produced

nie.


GENERATIVENESS 491814 718314 interest in the next

generation and its upbringing, manifested in productivity

and creativity in various spheres of human life,

who has reached 40 years of age and is positively experiencing his characteristic

this age is in crisis.


GENETICS 219716 818717 is a branch of biology that studies

laws of inheritance of traits. Genetics should not be confused with

genetic psychology, which studies the development of behavior from

from the moment of birth until death.


BEHAVIORAL GENETICS 514312 819 718 216 section ge-

genetics, dedicated to the study of the laws of heredity

the natural conditioning of functional manifestations of activity

functions of the nervous system. The main task is to describe

mechanisms of gene implementation in behavioral traits and

division of the influence of the environment on this process.


GENIUS 519 007 918 788 the highest level of development

development of abilities - general, intellectual, and special.

Its presence can only be spoken of when a person achieves

such results of creative activity that constitute

an era in the life of society, in the development of culture, the personality of a genius

characterized by such traits as creative productivity, mastery

a certain methodology, readiness to overcome barriers

rheotypes and conventional establishments.


GENITALS 489791698 sexual, reproductive organs.


GENOTYPE 319681719311 genetic constitution, co-

the set of genes of a given organism received from its parents.


HERMAPHRODITISM 519518619710 Bisexuality present

characteristics of male and female sex in the same organism

organism.


HERMENEUTICS 428714317918 1. Art, theory,

tradition and methods of interpreting texts that are ambiguous or not

refinable. 2. The art of understanding, interpreting,

interpretations of allegories, polysemantic symbols, etc.


PSYCHOANALYTIC HERMENEUTICS 548712328 412

one of the psychoanalytically oriented currents of modern

philosophy. In the hermeneutics of psychoanalytic research,

problems of linguistic communication and processes are being discussed

socialization, in which, as is assumed, sym-

will.


GERONTOPSYCHOLOGY 494711918991 psychology of

living age and old age (age psychology).


HETEROGENEITY 914811718911 is a property of a sample of sta-

tistic, the data of which are largely scattered

on the distribution scale, which is manifested by a large deviation

standard and indicates a strong difference between the data

from a friend.


HETEROHYPNOSIS 489317619 817 hypnosis caused by

the action of another person.


HETEROSUGGESTION 819488719318 suggestion, influence

action from the outside. The object of heterosuggestion the suggester

can be either an individual or a group, social

layer and so on (the phenomenon of mass suggestion); the source of in-

suggestion suggestor individual, group, mass media

formations.


GESTALT 819317918217 8 functional structure,

according to its inherent laws, it orders the diversity of

of separate phenomena. It means holistic, irreducible to the sum

its parts, the formation of consciousness: apparent movement, illuminated

ment, perception of melody, etc.


GESTALT GROUP 498716818 groups formed with

the purpose of psychotherapeutic influence in Gestalt

therapy.


GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY 318714918514 - Direction

in psychology, which put forward a program for studying the psyche from the point of view

from the point of view of integral structures - gestalts, primary in relation to

to its components.


GESTALT THERAPY 514 788 918 312 As an approach to

psychological correction is one of the most influential

directions of modern psychology.


HYDROPHOBIA 548712 618317 a type of neurosis, characteristic

pathological fear of water (phobia).


CHILDHOOD HYPERACTIVITY 519488 71631 devi-

deviation from age norms of ontogenetic development, characteristic

inattention, distractibility, impulsiveness in behavior

social development and intellectual activity, increasing

activity with a normal level of intellectual development

All this leads to poor performance in school and low

what self-esteem.


HYPERMNESIA 591061319 811 hypertrophied ability

the ability - usually innate - to remember information

(visual, symbolic) in large volume or on a very large scale

for a long time.


HYPERPATHY 598715 918065 increased sensitivity

characterized by the appearance of pain or other unpleasant sensations

sensations (itching, heaviness) in response to usually harmless irritants.

li.


HYPERESTHESIA 598716318917 increased sensitivity

sensitivity to physical stimuli acting on the sense organs,

manifested in the appearance of excessively strong subjective sensations

sions without changing their modality.


HYPNOANALYSIS 598764 988 314 diagnostic procedure

a fool in which the anamnesis or the identification of the content

emotional experiences in the client's life is produced by

his immersion into a hypnotic state (hypnosis).


HYPNOSIS 498 712688001 1. Technique of influencing the individual

species by focalizing (concentrating) his attention with the aim of

to narrow the field of consciousness and subject it to the influence and control of external

his agent - a hypnotist, whose suggestions the hypnotized person

will perform. 2. The process and temporary dream-like state

psyche, characterized by a sharp narrowing and reduction of the volume of consciousness

awareness and self-awareness and a sharp focus on the content of the inner

solutions, which is associated with a change in the function of the individual con-

control and self-awareness. It arises as a result of special

actions of a hypnotist (hypnotization) or targeted sa-

suggestion (autohypnosis).


ABLATION HYPNOSIS 49178909 1069 hypnotic

a method characterized by the fact that the client is put into a state

hypnosis without the direct presence of a psychotherapist, se-

ans which is recorded on an audio cassette or video cassette.

In this case the client can be at home.


HYPNOSIS STEP-BY-STEP ACTIVE 498716 318719

hypnotic method based on conscious control

relaxation.


HYPNOPEDIAS 818742 319622 the phenomenon of input and consolidation

the storage of information in memory during natural sleep, as well as

a method of teaching and educating during sleep based on this

phenomenon. It is especially effective for fixing homogeneous in-

formations: foreign words, formulas, Morse code, etc. From-

marked fatigue of the subjects is noted after the hypnosis session.

nopedia.


HYPNOTIZATION 317814219887 18 hypnotic arousal

tic state, performed by a hypnotist or by oneself

subject (autohypnosis) using verbal and non-verbal

impacts.


HYPNOTISM 489714 719317 general designation of the aggregate

phenomena that arise during hypnosis. Sometimes a synonym for

hypnosis training.


HYPOMNESIA 489317918 memory impairment congenital

either acquired or as a result of various diseases.


HYPOTHALAMUS 918 671 818 971 brain structure inter-

terrestrial, located under the thalamus. Contains 12 pairs of nuclei

the most important centers of vegetative functions. Moreover, it is closely

but is associated with the pituitary gland, the activity of which it regulates.


HYPOTHESIS 498716 319818 a scientific assumption,

moved to explain some phenomenon, subject to experimental

verification and theoretical justification for the acquisition of the sta-

party of scientific theory. In psychology, the assumption about a separate

properties of reality, put forward to guide the activities

activity and conditioned by the existing subjectivity of the individual.

tive picture of the world.


ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS 314817 818 91 hypothesis,

according to which the differences between samples are statistical

are significant - reflect the corresponding difference

within a population or between populations from which these outputs are taken

sampling. Usually it corresponds to the working hypothesis of the researcher.

la.


HYPOTHESISINTERFERENCEREMEMBERSHIP

488716 918 917 (memorable material interference hypothesis)

la) is an explanatory model according to which the process of forgetting

is due to the fact that the newly arriving material is, as it were,

is superimposed on an existing one, leading to its destruction

associative links.


CONCEPTUAL-PROPOSITIONAL HYPOTHESIS

59871639816 the assumption formulated in the concept

associative memory - that in long-term memory

it is not figurative or verbal representations of situations that are stored, but

some interpretations of events, formed in the form of concepts and

statements, or propositions.


SCIENTIFIC HYPOTHESIS 498714318 218 assumption,

put forward as temporary on the basis of available observations and

to be clarified by subsequent experiments.


HYPOTHESIS OF THE RELATIVITY OF LINGUISTIC

519817419 hypothesis on the conditioned nature of perception and thinking

ethnospecific structures of language. According to it, languages

cial skills and norms unconsciously determine the images, “kar-

muds" of the world, inherent to the speakers of a particular language. Linguistic

constructions and vocabulary links, acting on the unconscious

level, lead to the creation of a typical picture of the world, inherent

native speakers of the language and serves as a schema for

cataloguing individual experience.


STEREOCHEMICAL HYPOTHESIS 489171 918 (stereo-

chemical hypothesis of olfaction) the sense of smell depends on the interaction

the action of odorant molecules on the olfactory membrane

cells, depending on both the shape of the molecules and the presence of

certain functional groups. The olfactory molecule

the pigment of the olfactory cell comes into an excited state

under the influence of a vibrating molecule of an odorous substance,

entering a specific receptor hole on the membrane

olfactory cell. This theory distinguishes seven primary

smells: camphor-like, floral, musky, minty,

ethereal, putrid and pungent. All other odors are

complex and consist of several primary ones.


HIPPOCAMPUS 214 317 814 218 is a structure located

in the deep layers of the temporal lobe of the brain. In section

its shape resembles a seahorse, which is where the name comes from.

nie. Belongs to the limbic system and, apparently, plays an important

important role in memorizing and reproducing information.

HYSOPHOBIA 594816 009 a type of neurosis, characterized by patho-

logical fear of heights.


HISTOGRAM 594817 319 778 is one of the methods of graphi-

graphical representation of quantitative data in the form of direct

coal "columns" adjacent to each other and correspondingly

specific to the frequency of each class of data.


EYE: MOVEMENT 598 617 918 312 rotation of the eyes in the orbit

takh, performing various functions in the construction of the image

visual, first of all in the perception of visual space-

provide measurement and analysis of spatial

properties of objects - shape, position, size, distance,

speed of movement. The most important function of these movements is the center-

tracing of the image of an object on the retina, which ensures

the greatest acuity of visual perception.


EYE: MACROMOVEMENT 418 713 818 914 movements

eye, performed with an amplitude of more than several tens of angular

minutes: these include vergence and version movements.

nye.


EYE: MICROMOVEMENT 498 714 818 316 movements

eye with an amplitude of up to 20 - 30 when fixing the gaze, not conditioned

posed by recognition tasks. Among them are: tremor,

drift and microsaccades.


EYE: LIGHT SENSITIVITY 519 317 818 266

the ability of the eye to form visual sensations

response to electromagnetic radiation of a certain wavelength

waves (from 350 to 750 nm).


HOMEOSTASIS 498716 319 816 mobile equilibrium state

the state of a system maintained by its opposition

disturbing the balance of external and internal factors.

maintaining the constancy of various physiological parameters

organism.


HOMEOSTAT 219317 818 91481 technical model,

a device that supports a certain quantity or set of values

quantities at a given level. Simulates homeostasis, adaptation

living organisms to a changing environment.


HOMOGENEITY 514321819311 a property of a sample of statistical

static, the data of which is concentrated around the arithmetic mean.

the metric value or median, which is manifested by a small

the value of the standard deviation and indicates a small

differences between the data.


HOMOSEXUALISM 598 016 649081 a concept meaning

the individual's general sexual attraction to persons of the same sex and

sexual relations between them. Male homosexuality is also

is called sodomy, and the female one is called lesbianism.


HOMOPHOBIA 481 398019 644 unreflective, irrational

general hostility and even hatred towards homosexuals.

at the level of individual consciousness is often a means of psychological

self-defense against one's own unconscious homoerotic

tic feelings, fantasies and impulses.


HOSPITALISM 498716 3987210 69 pathology syndrome

children's mental and personal development is the result of separate

separation of the infant from the mother and its early institutionalization.

Profound mental and physical retardation caused by

lack of communication with adults in the first year of a child's life.

It leaves a negative imprint on all areas of the formative-

personality, inhibiting intellectual and emotional development.

ie, distorting the self-concept, destroying physical well-being and

etc.


READY FOR ACTION 519384 919284 installation,

aimed at performing some action.


GRADIENT 548719 814 316 regular quantitative

a change reflecting a decrease or increase in some

properties or indicators, such as the gradient of a stimulus.


TARGET GRADIENT 519 006078916 (target gradient)

change in the strength of motivation for activity depending on the “psi-

"hological distance" to the target, characterized by an increase

motivation and activity as you move closer to your desired goal.


GRAPHOLOGY 548712 818 912 the study of handwriting as a

new types of expressive movements that reflect the psychology

ical properties and mental states of the subject.


GRAPHOMANIA 319481519 006 an irresistible passion for

writing in a person who lacks the appropriate abilities

ties.


DREAM 219817 318887 fantasy, dream, drawing the imagin-

pleasant, desired images of the future or purely fictitious

fiefdom of "real" life.


VOLUME 498714 319844 subjective measure of perception

tia of the sound power. Phon, a unit of measurement of loudness numerically

corresponds to the sound pressure level of a tone of 1000 Hz: thus, the level

A volume level of 20 phons corresponds to a tone of 1000 Hz with an intensity

20 dB above the hearing threshold. Subjective loudness

sounds are determined not only by the intensity of the signal, but also by its

frequency.


GROUP 451 689319 87 limited size community

people who stand out or are distinguished from the social whole by

certain characteristics: the nature of the activity, social

or class affiliation, structure, composition, level

development, etc.


LARGE GROUP 519316 919 817 90 1. Quantitatively

an unlimited conditional community of people, distinguished on the basis of

new certain social characteristics: class affiliation

status, gender, age, nationality, etc. 2. Real, significant

a large, complexly organized community of people,

involved in some social activity (for example,

the staff of a school or university, enterprise or institution).

in large groups, norms of behavior are developed (norm

group), social and cultural values and traditions,

public opinion and mass movements, which through

the means of small groups are brought to the consciousness of each person.


AGE GROUP 598716 318711 one of the varieties

properties of a conditional group of large people united by

sign of age.


MEETING GROUP 519317 418981 special groups of ma-

, applied in the practice of training socially-

psychological with the corresponding name. The purpose of the training

meetings consists of discovering and using hidden reserves

in the self-development of the individual through special techniques, helping-

helping clients to realize their capabilities, to get rid of the com-

complexes and psychological barriers.


DIFFUSE GROUP 819481 919 317 a community in which

there is no cohesion as a value-oriented unity,

and there is no joint activity capable of mediating the relationship

of its participants.


CONTROL GROUP 514 517 814319 test group

tuyazhnykh, with which the results obtained during the course are compared

research in the experimental group, with the aim of obtaining

conclusions, whether the hypothesis tested by the study was confirmed.


SMALL GROUP 419317819448 relatively small

the number of individuals in direct contact, united

shared common goals or objectives.


INFORMAL GROUP 5914 714819061 (non-formal group)

official) - a real social community that does not have

legally fixed status, voluntarily united

on the basis of interests, friendship and sympathy, or on the basis of pragmatism

tical benefit. Informal groups can act as

isolated communities or develop within groups of official

al.


PSYCHODRAMA GROUP 591489 711 316 special

small groups in which clients learn best through role-playing behavior

become more aware and solve their problems more effectively.

The roles learned during training allow for more successful adaptation

life.


GROUP REAL 598712319 884 in psychology of social-

nal - a limited-sized community of people that exists

existing in a common space and time and united by real

relationships - a school class, a work brigade, a military unit

division, family, etc. The smallest real group is a dyad, two

interacting individuals.


REFERENCE GROUP 498716 319007 group, goals,

whose opinions and values are to a greater or lesser extent shared

this person does. Real or conditional social community

the degree to which an individual relates himself as a standard and on whose

norms, opinions, values and assessments he is guided by in his behavior

and self-esteem.


BODY THERAPY GROUP 598716 389764 groups,

where great importance is attached to the therapeutic work

direct physical contact between clients as a means of getting rid of

from psychological problems.


SKILL TRAINING GROUP 594817798064 groups,

designed to produce vitally useful results by participants

skills and abilities, in particular communication skills. Thanks to

With the help of developed skills, clients can get rid of anxiety

ness, insecurity, aggressiveness and other habitual forms

negative behavior.


CONDITIONAL GROUP 918719069319 united by

a specific characteristic - occupation, gender, age,

level of education, nationality and other things a community of people

action, including subjects who have no direct or indirect

objective relationships with each other. People who make up

those who share this community may not only never meet, but

and not know anything about each other, although they are in

certain, more or less identical relationships with others

other members of their real groups.


FORMAL GROUP 548700 984317 (formal group)

(alnaya) - a real or conditional social community that has

legally fixed status, the members of which, under the conditions

social division of labor are united socially, given

activities. Official groups always have a certain

a legally established structure, appointed or

elected leadership, legally established rights and obligations

duties of its members. Examples of conventional groups of official

various commissions, groups of referents, consultants, etc.


EXPERIMENTAL GROUP 518740989 600 group-

a group of subjects on which research is conducted for the purpose of

testing some hypothesis.


GROUPING 528714 308967 logic structure. Group-

The feast is considered to be the link between logical and psi-

chological structures.


GROUP FORMATION 519687918 422 transformation into

in the course of joint activities, real and initially diff-

a united human community into an interactive association

interdependent and interdependent persons - a group of a certain level of diversification

rhetoric. A type of group formation is collective formation.

transformation - the transformation of a group into a collective when it goes through

development of a number of stages, characterized not only by external changes

(time of existence, number of communications,

relations of power and subordination, the number of sociometric

elections, etc.), but also certain phenomena of relations

interpersonal (unity of value-orientation, self-

definition collective and identification collective, mo-

tivation of interpersonal choices, referentiality, etc.), the emergence of

repentant on the basis of joint, socially valuable and

personally significant for all members of the group.


HUMANISM 519 888 009 611 Manifests itself in deep respect

in the interest of man and his dignity, in the active struggle against

all forms of misanthropy. As a personality trait

includes knowledge of life, a positive attitude towards people,

their lives and activities, humanity and warmth of soul.


HUMANITY 519 618 887 998 conditioned by morality

the system of personal attitudes on the basis of norms and values

social objects (person, group, living being), manifested

in consciousness through experiences of compassion and realized in communication

and activities - in acts of assistance, participation and help.


_D_


PRESSURE 897489 712 698 - differs from the need

only by its direction: if the need is dynamic

force emanating from the body, then pressure is the force acting

on the body.


DALTONISM 598671 889 001 98 hereditary anomaly

color vision deficiency, expressed in insufficient or even

complete inability to distinguish certain colors.


DATA: STATISTICAL PROCESSING 598067 998

7102 whatever the goals and methods of psychological research,

logical, the resulting data can be viewed as

results of measurements of various psychological phenomena, etc.

Here, measurement is understood as the procedure of assigning a number

values of the objects under study according to certain

rules.


THIS PRIMARY 598064 018 712 information about

the phenomena under study, obtained at the beginning of the study and

which lies in further processing, so that on its basis they become

reliable conclusions can be drawn about these phenomena.


MOVEMENT 688071 981 069 structural unit of activity

nost is the result of the work of the psychophysiological apparatus

the implementation of the motor act through which the

interaction of a living being with the external environment. In the movement

physiological activity of the organism is manifested.


TRAFFIC: COORDINATION 510609 499 012 management

the work of individual muscle groups, performed during the re-

solving a specific problem in real time and space.


MOVEMENT: ORGANIZATION: MECHANISM 519765 819355

(mechanism of movement organization) here the object of study

there were natural movements of a normal organism, basically

human nom.


MOVEMENT: FORMATION 598761 029311 main

the concept of the theory of human motor functioning. Constructed

the movement is realized through the work of several levels,

each of which generates a whole spectrum of full-fledged movements

movements, and not individual qualities of one movement.


MOVEMENT: MENTAL REGULATION 598741 228 011

(mental regulation of movements) correction of the process of

structure of movement based on the need state and connection

feedback, ensuring control over its achievement.


VERGENT MOVEMENT 529 161 789 019 Macrovi-

eye movements that cause a change in the angle between the visual

axes of the left and right eyes.


MOVEMENT VERSION 529061 789071 2 Macrovision

eye movements that complement the vergence movements. Among them are

are divided into:

1) fast saccadic - with the help of which

correction of eye position is performed;

2) slow tracking

movements - with the help of which the speed of movement is adjusted

eye movements relative to targets located at a constant

distance from the observer;

3) compensatory eye movements

(vestibular origin) ensures preservation

directions of the visual axes during changes in position and speed

growth of head movements.


MOVEMENT EXPRESSIVE 298061789011 external

expression of mental states, especially emotional ones;

manifestation of emotional experiences and intentions of an individual.

It manifests itself in facial expressions (expressive movements of the facial muscles:

facial expression, smile, eye movements), pantomime (movements

expressive movements of the whole body: body movements, posture, gestures) and

"vocal facial expressions" - the dynamic side of speech (intonation,

timbre, rhythm, vibrato of the voice). Expressive movements are often

accompanied by changes in pulse, breathing, functioning

endocrine glands, etc.


LIFE MOVEMENT: HETEROGENEITY 598716 018 914

- functional, structural and morphological complexity

motor act. Each component of movement (cognitive,

programmatic, evaluative, affective and effector) can be

change in real conditions of motor behavior in response

to changes in the motor task, situation, internal resources

motor skills and functional states of the individual.


MOVEMENT APPARENTLY 897128 89812129 is an illusion,

characterized by a subjective perception of movement during succession

the potent presentation of stationary stimuli located in

different points in space. It can also arise in the visual system.

physical, and in auditory or tactile. On the use of this

Cinema was founded on illusions.


INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT 948 049 817 217 im-

pulsating or reflexive motor acts performed

without conscious control. They can be adaptive in nature, such as

blinking, pulling away the hand when exposed to a painful stimulus

volgo, and maladaptive, such as chaotic movements in situations of

clouding of consciousness.


POST-VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT 489 716 318 717

(post-voluntary movement) are formed as voluntary movements

free, but with subsequent folding of the indicative

the foundations in the course of their formation are removed from consciousness, automatically

are tized and become involuntary movements. They are motivated

can again become arbitrary without special formation

work.


MOVEMENT VOLUNTARY 8898 891 319 189 external

consciousness and internal bodily motor acts (processes), consciousness

are regulated by the subject based on the need to achieve

in the definition of a goal as an image of an anticipated result. It is assumed that

they have a conscious orientation towards the goal, as in

both in the human plane and in the plane of imagination. They can be performed

means of both skeletal muscles, realizing spatial-

movements of the body, as well as the smooth muscles of the internal organs.

new (for example, blood vessels), realizing vegetative

functions.


VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT: FORMATION

988 319 817 89908 transfer of control during construction

movements under conscious control.


DEAUTOMATION 899019 23 517 loss of ability

perform without actual conscious control previously auto-

matized motor skills. Can be determined

the disturbing influence of external factors, or the occurrence of

with the natural forgetting of skill elements over time.

It may also indicate neurophysiological disorders.

decisions in lesions of the premotor regions of the cerebral cortex of the brain

leg.


DEBILITY 8980 719 88 091 mild degree of mental retardation

mental strength.


DEDUCTION 519712 819 06489 the movement of knowledge from more

general to less general, particular; deriving a consequence from a

reference. Closely related to induction. Logic considers deduct-

tion as a type of inference. Psychology studies the development and

violation of deductive reasoning. The movement of knowledge from more

to the less general is analyzed in its determinacy by all psi-

chemical processes, the structure of mental activity in

in general.


ACTION 598712 684367 - Voluntary Intentional

mediated activity aimed at achieving awareness

the desired goal.


ACTION AND OPERATION 598712 684367 88 Miscellaneous

a complex action consists of a layer of actions and a layer of subjects

them operations. The boundary of the layers of actions and operations is mobile: its

upward movement means the transformation of some actions into

basically elementary, in the operation: there is an enlargement of the unitary

activity. The downward movement of the boundary means the transformation

operations into actions: there is a division of activity into more

smaller units.


ACTION: BASIS IS INDICATIVE

9 58712 68436 491 a system of ideas about the goal, plan and average

in the conditions of implementation of the upcoming or performed action.


ACTION: PROPELLER COMPOSITION 712 684367 4719 811

is a system of motor operations performed

in accordance with the motor task, the final formation

the implementation of which is possible only in the course of practical training,

aimed at refining the individual style of movement.


ACTION AUTOMATIC 519489 68 998 (automatic)

tism primary) - this group includes either congenital acts,

or those that form very early, often during the first

years of the child's life. This includes sucking movements, mi-

vision, grasping objects, convergence of the eyes, and many others.

Automatic actions are not conscious and cannot be controlled.

Moreover, attempts to understand them usually upset these

actions.


VOLITIONAL ACTION 591814 391882 associated with awareness

the purpose of the actions or, at least, their immediate consequences.

possible consequences.


IMPULSIVE ACTION 5498713916 7809 arises

cabins unexpectedly for the person himself, emotions are provoked-

we, and the awareness of their consequences comes only after the fact.

action. Here, a more ancient and faster method is at work.

reaction method.


INSTRUMENTAL ACTION 684367 action,

serving as a means to an end other than the end itself

result of the action.


EXECUTIVE ACTION 598712 8679101

a developed skill that has a given accuracy and speed

growth, in the structure of which a certain set is used

labor operations and corresponding tools: tools

you, control and measuring instruments, controls and

etc.


OBSESSIVE ACTION 59881919 711 involuntary

symptomatic and pathological acts committed by the

contrary to desire, often in spite of restraining efforts.

In most cases, they act as an intermediary, providing

satisfying a forbidden unconscious desire and

receiving relief.


ERROR ACTION 519 080 598 2188901 general

name for a whole class of actions "with a defect", when performed

during which errors of various natures are discovered.

This includes slips of the tongue, typos, misreadings, mishearings, forgetting,

obfuscation, hiding, memory errors and mistakes-

delusions are an expression of the struggle between two incompatible unconscious

of positive aspirations (intentions and resistances), as a result

which disrupts the intended action and an error occurs

act.


PERCEPTIVE ACTION 914 8901 4819 main

structural units of the perception process. Provide co-

a meaningful selection of a certain aspect of a sensory given system

tuations, as well as the transformation of information, sensory,

aimed at constructing an image that is adequate to the objective world and

giving activities.


PERCEPTIVE VICARIAL ACTION 419316 819 013 98

(vicarious perceptual actions) perceptual actions si-

visual systems. They are aimed at analyzing the information presented

resulting from the excitation of the retinal receptors, and is accomplished

are achieved through small-amplitude eye movements (drift,

rapid jumps), leading to selective changes in sensitivity

the sensitivity of individual areas of the retina. Subjectively, the

are known as the movement of attention within the limits of a stabilized

of a visual image.


SUBJECT ACTION 891316719 891 more complex

psychological formations than the actions themselves.

Directly related to the purpose of the activity, have a certain

lent subject content. They reveal the attitude towards

reality. The established actions are objective, having become personal

are a common asset, act as skills and abilities ways of

management and activities.


SYMPTOMATIC ACTION 594 892 007 314

actions that seem random, purposeless (singing about

melodies, “sorting through” things, etc.


RANDOM ACTION 891016 319078 (random and

symptomatic actions) - varied, imperceptible and un-

significant unnecessary actions that appear random but are

in reality, they are full-fledged mental actions

you and, at the same time, signs of other, more important spiritual processes

cesses.


MENTAL ACTION 519 317989411 operational system

intelligent radios aimed at identifying signs

objects not given in the perceptual plane from mathematical

transformations to assessing the behavior of another person,

fulfilled in the internal plane of consciousness, without relying on external ones

means, including audible speech.


DEUTHERANOPIA 919716 319817 impaired perception

individual colors, most often the green part of the spectrum, usually

caused by congenital factors. Light green color

indistinguishable from dark red, violet from blue, pur-

purple from gray. In this case, the point of greatest perception

my lordship turns out to be somewhat shifted towards the red-

part of the spectrum and is located in its orange part;

The neutral point corresponds to a wavelength of 500 nm.


DELINQUENT 519 671 3190841 a subject whose behavior

deviant in extreme manifestations is a criminal offense

actions to be taken.


DELIRIUM 519481719 379 - disturbance of consciousness, distorted

reflection of reality; accompanied by hallucinations,

delirium, motor agitation, disorientation

in time space. May alternate with periods of clarity.

awareness and critical attitude towards painful manifestations

lations. It occurs most often at the highest stage of some in-

infectious diseases and after injuries causing organic

brain damage.


DEMENTIA 591899016791 89 acquired form of weak-

boumia - feeblemindedness resulting from underdevelopment or atrophy

functions of higher mental functions. Associated with a weakening of the ability

intellectual disabilities, emotional impoverishment, difficulties

the use of past experience.


BOXING DEMENTIA 548 791398761 5118 term,

denoting the clinical condition of professional boxers,

characterized by the process of progressive dementia as a re-

the result of frequent blows to the head. Beginning with mild mental

logical and psychophysiological disorders, which then leads to drastic

to pronounced characterological and psychomotor defects

there.


DEPERSONALIZATION 319 488 891728 (depersonalization)

1. A change in the individual's self-awareness, which is characterized by

loss of psychological and behavioral characteristics, character-

thorny for him as a person, the feeling of losing his self and

a significant experience of lack of emotional involvement

in relationships with loved ones, work, etc. Possible in case of illness

mental disorders and borderline states. In mild form

observed in mentally healthy people with emotional

overloads, somatic diseases, etc. 2. Expressed in

more or less objective loss of opportunity by an individual

the ability to be ideally represented in life

other people, to discover the ability to be an individual.


DEPRESSION 519514 319891 in psychology affective

a condition characterized by a negative emotional background,

changes in the sphere of motivational, cognitive representations

and general passivity of behavior. Subjectively, a person experiences

primarily involves difficult, painful emotions and experiences

- depression, melancholy, despair. Attractions, motives, volitional act-

activity is sharply reduced.


SENSORY DEPRIVATION 891671 319 064 continued

a more or less complete deprivation of a person's sensory

impressions, implemented for experimental purposes.


DEREALIZATION 489719 016891 disturbance of perception,

in which the external world is perceived as unreal or

distant, deprived of its colors, and violations occur

memory. Often accompanied by states of having already seen or

never seen before. May occur with brain damage.

head (especially the deep parts of the temporal region), in

in sleepy states and in mental illnesses.


DEREFLEXIA 5193718 919890619 psychotherapeutic

a technique which consists of a client suffering from

some functional symptom, formulates a goal for itself:

1) come to terms with it, perceiving it as an inevitable evil;

2) in those situations that cause its manifestations, switch your attention from the impaired function to another activity, thereby giving the situation a different meaning. Due to this, the situation ceases to be perceived as another attempt to get rid of the symptom, but is considered, for example, as an opportunity for full-fledged communication with people.


DERMATOGLYPHICS 917 31861988 89 recent

a new branch of knowledge that studies the development of finger patterns in

connections with heredity.


DESTRUCTIVENESS 419 688 789 0179481 the basis of the most

malignant destructiveness and inhumanity, and together

the most severe pathological condition is the syndrome

disintegration.


DESTRUCTION 589761669 31 destruction, violation of norms

the minimal structure of something, destruction.

DETECTOR 489 37188997691 device for detection

a certain type of signals. Detectors are part of the analyzer.

traffic jams.


DETERMINATION 559 3178890619 causal conditioning

understanding of phenomena and processes.


DETERMINISM 598061890619 89 a concept according to

by which people's actions are determined - defined and

are limited by heredity and previous events.

their lives. In psychology, it is a natural and necessary

dependence of mental phenomena on the factors that generate them.


DETERMINED DOUBLE 598 761319841 intended

of dreams and fantasies; justification by conscious arguments of such

actions, in the motivation of which the greatest participation is taken

slightly repressed.


CHILDREN: AGE DEVELOPMENT 59148901739 8 at

development, a number of age periods can be distinguished: age

infancy, early age, preschool age, age

school junior, teenage age, youth age

early.


CHILDREN: MOTOR DEVELOPMENT 591 489 016 7 (development

child's motor development) is a process

qualitative modification of the child's movement system according to the method

re of its growth and accumulation of individual experience. The main

a set of universal motor reactions finally

is completed by the age of 11-14.


AFFECTIVE CHILDREN 591 068 398716 children with

persistent negative emotional experiences and behavior

destructive activity, caused by dissatisfaction with important

for their needs. Forms of destructive behavior are

different. For some children, in a situation of failure, it is typical

his rejection, which can manifest itself in bravado, arrogance,

aggressive behavior. Others are characterized by a decrease in the level

claims, accompanied by self-doubt, fear

disappointment, touchiness, vulnerability. With constant

In the reproduction, inadequate reactions to failure are acquired

the form of stable character traits.


GIFTED CHILDREN 489761 398063 children who show

those with general or special talent for music, drawing,

, technology, etc. Children's giftedness is usually diagnosed

to determine the rate of mental development - the degree of advancement,

other things being equal, their peers; this is what they are based on

tests of mental giftedness and IQ

sti.


CHILDHOOD 489067 319227 a term meaning the initial

periods of ontogenesis - from birth to adolescence (in

in a broader sense - until the possibility of inclusion in

adult life).


DEFECTOLOGY 598 063714 0 a science that studies the law

dimensions and developmental characteristics of children with physical and mental

disabilities, as well as issues of their training and education

(special psychology).


DECENTRATION 51906421 9712 coping mechanism

egocentrism of the individual, consisting in changing positions

subject as a result of collision, comparison and integration

with positions different from one's own.


ACT 891719 014 314 form of manifestation of activity

subject, determined by its socially significant results,

for which the subject himself is responsible, even when they

go beyond his intentions. Personal responsibility

the subject of the act is determined on the basis of specific general

historical criteria for assessing its potential foreseen

to bear the consequences of their activity. The act is a con-

a concrete form of unity of the psychological and sociological

descriptions of the subject's activity, and it can be used as

unit of psychological analysis of personality. Through the act-

personalization of the individual in the system of relations is ensured

interpersonal relations.


ACTIVITY 598741 998 241 dynamic system

active interactions of the subject with the outside world, during which

in which the subject purposefully influences the object, due to

which satisfies its needs; the emergence and

embodiment of a mental image in an object and realization of the mediated

the relations of the subject in the objective reality given to them

sti.


ACTIVITIES AND COMMUNICATION 518741228231 During the activity

in activity, the subject-object-world type of relations is revealed

the subject of human existence, and in the course of communication - relationships

subject-subject type - interpersonal relationships of people,

human attitudes towards society. In social psychology there are

thesis on the unity of communication and activity - on the one hand,

communication is considered as a side of activity; on the other hand,

activity and communication are considered two sides of human

of Russian existence and way of life.


ACTIVITY:STYLEINDIVIDUAL

598041788 918 stable individual-specific system

a system of psychological tools, techniques, skills, methods,

methods for performing some activity.


ACTIVITY: STRUCTURE 598714 318 (macrostructure-

ra) - from the position of the structure in the activity it is customary to distinguish

movements and actions.


ACTIVITIES LEADING 548769 018 998 from the standpoint

activity-based approach to the study of the psyche - that activity,

with which, at this stage of development, the emergence of the most important is associated

of our mental neoplasms, in the context of which they develop

other activities and the foundations for the transition are laid

leading to new activities.


INTERNAL ACTIVITIES 519 891 419 31891 all-

some mental work is not necessarily thinking work per se.

process, but also a mental reproduction of the upcoming actions.

actions, planning. It has a very important function: action

internal actions prepare external actions and economize

efforts to select the necessary actions, and also allow you to avoid

to make gross and even fatal mistakes.


CHILDREN'S ACTIVITIES 488719 816 098 active

the interaction of a child with the outside world, during which

the ontogenetic formation of his psyche begins.


COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES 519317 914899 in

socio-psychological aspect a type of activity

joint, based on group ownership of

means of production and the final product of labor.


OPERATOR ACTIVITIES 599061 899072 management

by technical devices, direct impact

acting on the object of activity instead of a person.


ACTIVITIES INDICATORY 598761 019311

behavior based on the examination of surrounding objects

with the aim of forming an image of the space where the outcome should be

the action of the subject is fulfilled; the totality of the actions of the subject

those aimed at active orientation in the situation, its general-

following and planning behavior.


SPECIAL ACTIVITY 517 488091499 (type of activity

(special) a set of actions caused by one

him as a motive.


SUBJECT ACTIVITY 981814319 01 activity

ity, subordinated to the characteristics of objects of material and spiritual

spiritual culture; practical actions with real objects-

of material and spiritual culture, respectively, according to their functions.

rational and culturally determined purpose. Direction

the goal is to learn the correct methods of using these pre-

methods and for the development of abilities, skills and abilities.


MENTAL ACTIVITIES 598 061719081 psi-

chological analysis allows us to classify it from the standpoint

functions performed during human interaction with the world

and other people. Here we can talk about the functions of orientation.

testing, performing and comparison and control functions.


MENTAL ACTIVITY: DETERMINATION

519617 019488 89 Classical formula of psychoanalysis: in psi-

There is no arbitrariness in the chemical world at all.


INTELLIGENT ACTIVITIES 519171 819 311 its

manifestation is noted in primitive mammals, then

increases sharply at the level of higher primates and reaches

maximum in humans.


ACTIVITIES BEYOND THE STANDARD 518 141988 051

voluntary, outside the established social norms,

the activity of an entity or group aimed at providing

helping other people.


SLEEP ACTIVITIES 548 0668 917 398 the transition process

the hidden content of a dream into the explicit is one of a number of genera-

of mental processes that also determine the pro-

the emergence of hysterical symptoms, obsessive and delusional ideas

outgoing and pathological fears.


JOINT ACTIVITIES 514 966963 019 in psi-

social science is an organized system of inter-

interacting individuals, aimed at the expedient

production, reproduction of objects of material and spiritual

of the cultural heritage.


ACTIVITIES LABOR 514518 19898 plays a certain

a significant role in human life, no matter what form this activity takes.

activity was not accomplished. It is on it that, first of all, it depends

the existence of man and society.


ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL 514 889 0167891 activities

leading age of the junior school age, in which the

there is a controlled appropriation of the foundations of social and experience

cognitive, primarily in the form of basic operations of intellect-

actual and theoretical concepts.


DIAGNOSIS 519006 319789 determination of the nature of the disease and

the patient's condition based on his comprehensive medical

following.


PSYCHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS 588016 079 891 23 os-

the main goal of psychodiagnostics; the final result of the activity

psychologist, aimed at describing and clarifying the essence of in-

individual psychological characteristics of the personality with the aim of

assessment of their current state, forecast of further development

and development of recommendations determined by the survey objective.

The subject of psychological diagnosis is the establishment of development

personalities of individual psychological nature both in the norm and in the disease

tologies.


DIAGNOSTICS 598 561988079 section of medicine (including

including in psychiatry and psychotherapy), studying the signs of pain

diseases, methods of examining patients and principles of establishing

diagnosis.


PSYCHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS 599061718918

971 psychodiagnostics dialogue alternating exchange of replicas-

two or more people. In a broad sense, a replica is considered

also a response in the form of an action, a gesture, silence. Each replica

dialogue utterance as a unit of speech of an individual has

subject relatedness (remark about something) and social character

character (directed towards the partner, regulated by microsocial

relationships between partners). Dialogue, ontogenetically

preceding internal speech, leaves an imprint on it

structure and functioning, and thus also on consciousness in the whole

scrap.


DISTRIBUTION RANGE 589061 318 (range of vari-

tions) the difference between the maximum and minimum values-

we are in this distribution.


DIDACTOGENY 598716 389718 - caused by a violation

pedagogical tact on the part of the educator, teacher, trainer,

the leader and other negative mental state of the participants

(depressed mood, fear, etc.), negatively affected

based on his activities and interpersonal relationships.

May be the cause of neuroses.


GROUP DYNAMICS 891 488 311489 set

intra-group socio-psychological processes and phenomena

characterizing the entire life cycle of a group of man-

loy and its stages: formation, functioning, development, stagnation

nation, regression, disintegration.


DIPLOPIA 5948 581619 7198 the phenomenon of double vision

my image when deviating towards the direction of the visual

axis of one of the eyes: the image from one eye coincides with the object,

and the image from the other (with a deviated axis) goes beyond

object and is located nearby. After correction of visual

the axis of the eye the image will again coincide with the object.


DIPPOLDISM 418716388 917 a special kind of sadism,

in which sexual pleasure is achieved by the subject through the use of

the demands of their students.


DYSGRAPHY 598718 419 399 writing disorder, accompani-

achieved by replacing letters, omissions, permutations of letters and

syllables, merging of words. Caused by a violation of the speech system.

howl in general. It is considered as a symptom of alalia, when developing

in various forms of aphasia, with speech underdevelopment.


DISCRIMINATION 518417 398678 Ability to separate

but to perceive two identical stimuli acting

simultaneously in two closely located areas of the skin.

in a generalized and expanded sense distinction, the ability to differentiate

treatments.


INTERGROUP DISCRIMINATION 591489 019681

establishing differences between one's own and other groups.

DYSMORPHOPHOBIA 801 061 988 a type of neurosis, characterized by

suffering from a pathological fear of looking ugly.


DISPERSION 591848 17019 (variance) dispersion indicator

data corresponding to the mean square deviation of these

data from the arithmetic mean. Equal to the square of the standard

deviations.


DISPOSITION 591 619 081 9 (predisposition) readiness,

the subject's predisposition to a behavioral act,

action, deed or their sequence. In psychology, the first

sonistic (personalism) means not causally determined

a natural tendency to action. In Russian psychology

the term is used primarily to denote a particular

known readiness of the individual to assess the situation and behavior,

conditioned by its previous experience (the concept of dispo-

positional).


DISSIMULATION 519 068719 331 behavior contrary to

false simulation - associated with the installation of concealment, obscuring

treatment of a disease, its symptoms or individual manifestations.


DISSONANCE 518411 718906 lack of harmony in something

or; discrepancy, contradiction, discord.


COGNITIVE DISSONANCE 598061318 719 counter-

speech in the system of knowledge that gives rise to unpleasant feelings in the subject

experiences and motivating actions aimed at

elimination of this contradiction.


DISSOCIATION 899061 718917 in psychology disorder

the coherence of mental processes. The opposite concept

tie is an association.


DISSOCIATION HYSTERICAL 519488 719317 fe-

nomenclature of split consciousness in hysteria.


DISTRESS 598761489891 negative impact of stress

and stressful situations on activity up to its complete

destruction.


DYSPHORIA 5987610 8912 - low mood with vari-

irritability, bitterness, gloominess, increased

sensitivity to the actions of others, with a tendency to

outbursts of aggression. Occasionally it can manifest itself atypically, in the form of

where there is an elevated or exalted mood with irritability

intensity, tension, aggressiveness. Especially characteristic

thorns for organic diseases of the brain, epilepsy

these, as well as in some forms of psychopathies (psychopathy ex-

(epileptic, epileptoid).


DYSFUNCTION 511 019489 48 disorder, disturbance

functions of a certain organ, system, etc. mainly qualitatively

of a personal nature.


MINIMAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTION

918415 9189016 (minimal brain dysfunction) - mild

behavioral and learning disorders without apparent intellectual disabilities

lectual disorders arising from deficiency

functions of the central nervous system; most often have resi-

dual-organic nature.


DIFFERENTIATION 59806 18719 41 as intra-group

voy process the position, status of members of a given community (group

py, collective, etc.). Each member of it occupies a certain

position - from the standpoint of authority, position held, etc. For

To identify the status of an individual in a group, methods are used

tiometric.


SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION 514312 848741 sov-

a set of genetic, morphological and physiological

characteristics on the basis of which male and female are distinguished

skii gender. A fundamental and universal property of living things,

associated with the function of reproducing one's own kind. In humans,

ka is conditioned socio-culturally. From the moment of definition of pas-

the newborn's gender begins the process of its socialization

sexualization - the transmission of stable forms of social behavior to him

nal according to the role of gender.


DIFFERENTIATION 598612781319

1. The process by which an individual ceases to respond to those stimulus variants that are not followed by unconditioned or reinforcing stimuli and produces behavioral responses only to those stimuli that continue to be reinforced.

2. The process of accurately distinguishing, delimiting certain stimuli or objects of another kind; determining the differences between some of them and others.


DOGMA 519 4887193178 an element of a certain doctrine or re-

leagues, considered to be absolute truth, not subject to con-

opinion.


DOMINANT 548 717519 488 temporarily dominant

reflex system, a certain focus of physiological excitation

in the central nervous system, to which the transfer occurs

switching of stimuli, usually indifferent to the

of this focus. It determines the work of the nerve centers in

this moment and thus gives the behavior a certain

direction.


DON JUANISM 598061 718914 psychotic state

men, characterized by their desire for constant change

partners and the inability to see in the relationship between men

nothing to a woman and a woman, except for the carnal, sexual aspect.

that.


RELIABILITY 519488 718917 One of the characteristics

psychodiagnostic methods and tests. The concept of reliability

are close to the concept of validity, but not entirely identical to it.


DRIVE 8914897163 14 a concept used in psychology

motivation and in learning theory. It means unconscious internal

a general attraction, generated by some organ-

ical need.


DRAMATIZATION 591489 061712 process and mechanics

the art of translating thoughts into visual images.


OTHER SIGNIFICANT 589061 098714 A person who is

having authority for a given subject of communication and activity

sti. Existing definitions of personal significance are disintegrating.

are divided into two main paradigms. The first describes the signifi-

another person's ability to change through the changes he makes in

a given individual; the second is aimed at correlating and determining

a shared coincidence of the characteristics of another significant and valuable

the individual's sphere of needs and needs.


FRIENDSHIP 8901 678 914 81 a type of stable, individual-

selective interpersonal relations, characterized by mutual

attachment of participants, strengthening of affiliation processes

tions, mutual expectations of reciprocal feelings and preferences

nost. Developing friendship involves following an unwritten

"code" that affirms the need for mutual understanding,

mutual frankness and openness, trust, activity

mutual assistance, mutual interest in affairs and experiences

another, sincerity and selflessness of feelings.


DUALISM 8980 17 489417 1. The concept that asserts

coexistence of two equal principles. 2. In psychology

dualistic approach.


REFLECTOR ARC: SCHEME 519 488 916317 prin-

cip arc reflex spirituality - from the standpoint of materialism -

individual expression in the system of motives of the personality of two

fundamental needs:

1) ideal need

knowledge;

2) the social need to live and act “for others”.


SOUL 598061 291319 88 a concept reflecting the historical

dramatically changing views on the psyche of humans and animals;

religion, idealistic philosophy and psychology the soul is a living

the creative and cognizing principle.


SOULWAR 591488 617381 from the standpoint of materialism

individual expression in the system of personality motives of the fun-

damental social need to live and act "for

others." This concept is connected with the concept of spirituality itself.

Warmth is characterized by a persons kind attitude towards others.

to the people who surround him, with care, attention, and willingness to come to

help, share joy and sorrow.


_E_


E-WAVE 519481 068712 (waiting wave) - negative

change in electrical potential mainly in the forehead

but in the central parts of the cerebral cortex, associated with

tuning in to the appearance of a stimulus. Appears during the time between

the action of the signal of the setup and start-up, requiring non-

which reaction of the subject. Indicates readiness

act upon receiving a signal. The E-wave occurs after 0.5

s. after the action of the tuning signal. Its amplitude is directly

is associated with the speed of the required motor reaction, as well as with

tension of attention or will. This allows us to consider

it as a manifestation of the action of the mechanisms of voluntary behavior

go.


UNITY 598761 098511

1. Commonality, complete similarity.

2. Cohesion, integrity.

3. Continuity, mutual connection.


DUAL UNITY 589062 488971 a concept for the

the meaning of excessively close, neurotic contact, the emergence of

repentant in some loving couples and based on regression-

these spheres of emotional up to those experiences that formed-

were in early childhood relative to their own mother.


VALUE-ORIENTATIONAL UNITY

89648 916598721 is one of the main indicators of cohesion

groups, recording the degree of coincidence of positions and assessments of its

members in relation to the goals of the activity and values, especially

especially significant for the group as a whole. An indicator of the unity of the service

the frequency of coincidences of positions of group members in relation to

objects of assessment that are significant for it. A high degree of unity

value-orientation state is an important source

intensification of intra-group communication and increasing the efficiency

the effectiveness of joint activities.


_AND_


BLOOD THIRST 989061 668436166 an archaic feeling and

a type of violence aimed at self-affirmation through bloodshed

lithium and murder.


DESIRE 538417 988069 a conscious attraction, reflecting

a need; an experience that has turned into action

the thought of being able to possess or achieve something

put.


IMPULSIVE DESIRE 591814918791 068 in psi-

choanalysis inherited involuntary, impulsive desires

incest, cannibalism and bloodthirstiness - the thirst for murder.


SOCIAL DESIRABILITY 598 061918712 fact-

tor, distorting self-reports - in particular, responses to items

personality questionnaires - by increasing the frequency of those self-

those who seem more attractive to the subjects, social-

generally acceptable, presenting them in a favorable light.

GESTURE 511 489317499 an element of pantomime performed

through hand actions.


ANIMAL: CONSTRUCTIVE ACTIVITY

599068 909 719 manipulation of objects, as a result of which

which the animal constructs a complex object: the nest of some

snails, fish, frogs and birds; various dwellings of rodents

new; beaver lodges and dams; chimpanzee sleeping nests, etc.


ANIMAL: WEAPON ACTION 599061 298 013

(tool activity of animals, tool actions of animals-

(nykh). A specific form of handling of objects by animals,

when an impact is made with one object - a tool - on

another object or animal; behavior involving non-

which objects to influence other objects.


ANIMAL: MENTAL ACTIVITY

598748 319891 a holistic complex of all manifestations of behavior

and the psyche of animals, aimed at establishing vital

necessary connections of the organism with the environment; the process of reflection

mental reality as a product and manifestation of activity

animal's behavior in the external world. Studied in zoopsychology

(ethology).


ANIMAL: INTELLIGENCE 548916 319 884 highest form

ma mental activity of animals (higher vertebrates),

distinguished by the reflection of not only the subject components

environments, but their relationships and connections (situations), as well as non-stereo-

typical solution to complex problems - in various ways with

renos and the use of various operations learned in

previous individual experience.


ANIMAL: THINKING 599 891 048916 the process of

expressions of the mental external world, inherent in higher abilities

nocturnal animals, especially primates). Characterized by the ability to

ability to actively capture and establish connections between

objects based on generalized mental images. Realized

is performed by a motor-sensory analysis aimed at identifying

common features of various situations and the formation of limits

but a generalized image of the environment, similar to the image of the world in

human.


ANIMAL: LEARNING 388 916890819 (learning from animals)

(votnykh) acquisition and accumulation by animals during ontogenesis

individual experience, improvement and modification

innate (instinctive) basis of mental activity

according to specific environmental conditions. Ready-

the ability to transfer individual experience from one that has already been

situations into new ones, due to which individual approach is achieved.

the adaptation of living organisms to their environment.


ANIMAL: COMMUNICATION 598061 984718 (communication)

the transmission of information from one individual to another - "animal language"

"Communication between animals, unlike humans, is a closed

an innate system of signals (sounds, expressive postures and te-

movements, smells). Communication through the language of postures and movements.

It can take the form of rituals.


ANIMAL: BEHAVIOR 598594 398714 inherent to the animal

interaction with the environment mediated by their beings

external (motor) and internal (mental) activity

sity, external manifestations of mental activity.


ANIMAL: BEHAVIOR AGGRESSIVE

219 006 918782 threat and actions of an animal aimed at

representatives of the same or, less commonly, another species of animals;

action aimed at their destruction or elimination from the sphere

influence.


ANIMAL: GROUP BEHAVIOR 548 613 988

0491 - Coordinated joint actions, animal behavior

(many higher invertebrates and vertebrates), performed

when living in communities - permanent or temporary associations

in clusters, which, unlike simple clusters, have a certain

the structure of interactions and communication: herds, flocks, villages

myah, etc.


ANIMAL: DEMONSTRATION BEHAVIOR

51948191889 818 a form of communication in animals, designed

inform other individuals about the physiological state of the animal

votnogo. Most often encountered in intimidation and courtship.


ANIMAL: BEHAVIOR INSTINCTIVE

819 061 318941 a set of formed in the course of development

of this species of animals - in phylogenesis - is hereditarily fixed-

inherent, innate, common to all representatives of a species (species)

specific) components of behavior that form the basis

animal life.


ANIMAL: EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR

591897388716 component of mental activity of the animal

, providing biologically adequate orientation of their

behavior in a situation of novelty.


ANIMAL: RITUAL BEHAVIOR 598061 789

671 communication through the language of postures and movements, taking

form of rituals. Animal rituals are a complex set of instincts.

tive actions that have lost their original function and

entered into another sphere of life as signals or

symbols.


ANIMAL:BEHAVIORTERRITORIAL

591488 789319 a set of various forms of animal activity

votnyh, aimed at capturing and using a certain

space (area, place) with which the execution is associated

all or some vital functions - sleep and rest, nutrition

of reproduction, etc.


ANIMAL: IMITATION 5980674 819 (imitation of

animals) is a special form of learning in conditions of communication, when

one animal follows the example of another.


ANIMAL: PSYCHE: PECULIARITY 48891678

9061 refers to the differences between the psyche of animals and the psyche

of man. It is generally believed that the basis of all forms of behavior

animals - instincts, or more precisely, instinctive actions - gene-

physically fixed, inherited elements of behavior.


ANIMAL: RANK SOCIAL 599 061891 67

forms of social relationships among animals, forming

creating a semblance of hierarchy in their communities.


ANIMAL: COMMUNITY 891641898 712 life of the old

in flocks, packs, and families is widespread among animals.

Animals living in communities exhibit particularly

complex forms of communication. A characteristic feature of many communities

- the hierarchy of their members.


VITAL ACTIVITIES 498716988 079 totality

types of activity united by the concept of life and are characteristic of

to living beings.


LIFE 889041 3189888

1. The totality of phenomena that occur

walking in organisms. From the standpoint of materialism, a special form

existence and movement of matter, spontaneously arising

at a certain stage of its development.

2. Physiological essence

existence of a living organism.

3. The activity of the subject or entity

beings in some manifestations.


LIFE: PURPOSE 598 041 81939178 (goal in life; goals of man-

human life) - the achievement of freedom, independence, purpose-

ness and the ability to love.


LIFE OF THE SOUL: POLARITY 214 2489891 889

(three polarities of spiritual life) - spiritual life in general

possess three polarities, opposites, consisting in such

relationships: 1) subject, I object, external world; 2) pleasure-

action, pleasure displeasure; 3) activity passivity-

ness.


SEXUAL LIFE 591891 068 988 (sexual) owl-

a set of somatic, mental and social processes,

which drives and by means of which the position is satisfied

your attraction.


SEXUAL LIFE NORMAL 591488 798061 pre-

premise and condition are corresponding transformations of sexual

of sexual attraction during the period when the transition of sexual-

from infantile to mature forms.


PSYCHIC LIFE: PRINCIPLE 519512 819389

fundamental determinants and regulators of activity

psyche and personality. Three unequal principles are asserted.

pa: the pleasure principle, the reality principle and the principle of

standing.


_З_


NARCISSISTIC DISEASE 519 448 7190981

diseases caused by a pathogenic state of libido, directed

lennogo on I. This includes paraphrenia and paranoia (neurosis

narcissistic).


NEUROTIC DISEASE 59874251 898016

mental disorder; occurs from a conflict between two

aspirations: sexual need and deprivation and repression

neniem.

NEUROTIC DISEASE 519481 71931791

(the nature and tendency of neurotic diseases) people are worried

they leave if they cannot really satisfy their erotic desire

need due to external obstacles or internal deficiency

ka in adaptability.


MENTAL ILLNESS 8345444 (mental illness)

(hic) - diseases that are characteristic mainly of

mental structures.


PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASE 819488 7193881

(psychosomatosis) is a branch of medical psychology that studies

the influence of psychological factors on the emergence of a number of diseases

somatic diseases - bronchial asthma, hypertension

disease, angina pectoris, duodenal ulcer

colon, ulcerative colitis, neurodermatitis, nonspecific

chronic polyarthritis.


FORGETTING 428 612 788910 is an active process, characterized by

characterized by a gradual decrease in the ability to remember and

reproduction of memorized material - loss of access to the

previously remembered material, the inability to reproduce

or learn what has been learned.


DEPENDENCE 898716 068 714 from medicinal preparations

rats or drugs. It can be physiological if the organ-

nism needs this substance for normal (rather,

habitual) functioning, or psychological, if this

need of an affective nature.


ENVY 489714318 591 manifestation of motivation to achieve

in which someone's real or imagined advantages

in the acquisition of social benefits - material values,

success, status, personal qualities and other things are perceived

subject as a threat to the value of the Self and are accompanied by affective-

with special experiences and actions.


CLOSED TASK 5151981489 49 (closed task

type) this includes tasks, problems and questions, where the answer

You need to choose from several proposed options.


NON-VERBAL TASK 598048 319881 task, os-

based solely on observation, reasoning and manipulation.

populations.


IMAGINATIVE TASK 519 491818918 contains exercises

with images - pictures, drawings, diagrams and so on,

involving the active use of imagination and thought

lenient transformations of images.


TASK OPEN 598411 71891817 (task open-

of that type) this includes tasks, problems and questions where the answer

is given to the subjects independently.


PRACTICAL TASK 319488 715988 contains

exercises and tasks that the subject must complete

visually-effectively - that is, practically manipulating reality

with substitute items or substitutes.


THEORETICAL TASK 514 817989716 contains

exercises and tasks, the solution of which requires the manifestation of ability

abilities of theoretical thinking. In this sense, partly

are close to verbal test tasks, also dealing with understanding

tia; but they involve the use of mental operations

higher level of abstraction.


TEST TASK 519411899716 contains exercises

and tasks of various kinds to be solved by the subjects

when performing the test. Based on the results of completing these tasks

assessments are made of the test subject's qualities being tested. Many

data are of a comprehensive nature, including actions and

practical, theoretical, verbal and figurative.


TEST TASK:LIMITATION

TEMPORARY 489671 298617 (time limitation for execution

(test assignments) is a requirement according to which the complete

the time for completing the test tasks should not exceed one and a half

two hours, because it is difficult for subjects to maintain the state for longer periods of time.

sufficiently high performance.


DEPOSIT 598 716 388 968 natural prerequisites are possible

abilities; innate anatomical and physiological features

systems of the nervous system and brain, which form the natural basis of development

development of abilities.


PROBLEM 598716391 898 given under certain conditions

(for example, in a problematic situation) the goal of the activity, which

must be achieved by transforming these conditions according to

a certain procedure. The task contains requirements (goal),

conditions (known) and the desired (unknown), formulated in

question. Between these elements there are certain

connections and dependencies through which the search and determination is carried out

division of unknown elements by known ones.


PROBLEM: SOLUTION 918487 319 444 depending on

style of human mental activity and accessibility for him

the content of the problem, its solution is carried out in various ways

bami:

1) trial and error method - the least typical and the least

desirable: usually does not lead to the accumulation of experience and does not

serves mental development;

2) passive use of alcohol

gorithm;

3) purposeful transformation of the conditions of the problem;

4)

active use of the algorithm;

5) heuristic solutions.


MOTOR PROBLEM 489 44 12 89714 mental

the image of the movement that needs to be performed; it correlates

information about the purpose of the movement, about the means and methods of solution

tasks.


DELAY 519317 898 711 slowing down or stopping the development

development of some kind of attraction or process.


STUTTERING 898071 318 42 a disorder of oral speech, in which

torus it becomes intermittent, involuntary

division of a word into syllables or sounds, a spasm-like sensation occurs

tension in the facial muscles, which leads to difficulty communicating with

other people.


SCIENTIFIC LAW 48712 518 44 The body of science consists of

laws are the stable relationships between phenomena that have been discovered,

the use of which allows us to describe, explain and predict the phenomenon

of reality.


BIOGENETIC LAW 519 489719 061 in psycho-

logy - the transfer of the relationship between

du ontogenesis and phylogenesis. The theoretical model, according to

which in the individual, primarily embryonic, development

In higher organisms there is a regular repetition

(recapitulation) of the characteristics inherent in their biological

ancestors.


BLOCH'S LAW 398417 899 011 - Consists in the fact that the great-

the degree of subjective brightness of a short flash of light depends on

the product of the intensity of a light stimulus and its duration

ity. But this law operates only in the near-threshold region and

when the stimulus duration does not reach a certain critical value

point.


BOUGHER-WEBER LAW 595 718481319 (sometimes the law

Weber) - one of the basic laws of psychophysics - is established

for the case of distinguishing one-dimensional sensory stimuli

directly proportional dependence of the differential threshold

dependent on the magnitude of the stimulus I to which it is adapted

this system is sensory: 1L=K (const). The coefficient K, obtained

called the Weber ratio, is different for different

sensory stimuli: 0.003 for pitch; 0.02 for type

brightness; 0.09 for the volume of sounds, etc. It records

the amount by which the stimulation should be increased or decreased

resident to obtain a subtle change in sensation.


WEBER-FECHNER LAW 591488 718841 logarithmic

ical dependence of the strength of sensation E on physical intensity

stimulus P: E = k log P + c, where k and c are some constants,

determined by a given sensory system.


DONDERS LAW 8981 8781891008 the law of summative-

post-process of mental (cognitive) based on

the stool on the additivity (or non-overlapping) of its individual

stages. Based on the materials of research into reaction time as a pro-

process that unfolds in the period between the appearance of the stimulus and

implementation of the response, Donders substantiated the method of calculation-

taniya, designed to provide the ability to determine the duration

the nature of individual stages.


YERKES-DODSON LAWS 891619 719884 established

dependence of the quality (productivity) of the activity performed

activity from the intensity (level) of motivation.


JOST'S LAW 519481 719 992 is an empirical regularity

the theory that, with equal probability of reproduction,

from the memory of meaningless information older information

knowledge is forgotten more slowly and requires less effort to learn

number of repetitions. This pattern is based on the mechan-

the process of transferring information from short-term to long-term memory

temporary.


MÜLLER-HAECKEL LAW 489161714 312 the law of bio-

genetic - Piper's Law. An empirical regularity,

according to which the threshold of visual perception decreases

proportional to the square root of the area of influence of the sti-

mule - provided that this area exceeds 1.


RIBO'S LAW 489 161 917 891 - a regularity, according to

which is the destruction of memory in progressive amnesia, -

for example, in cases of illness or in old age, -

have a certain sequence. First they become

inaccessible memories of recent events, then begin-

the subject's mental activity begins to be disrupted; they lose

feelings and habits; finally, instinctive

memory. In cases of memory restoration, the same stages occur.

go in reverse order.


RICCO'S LAW 489 716 319 811 - a regularity, according to

which such characteristics of the threshold stimulus as brightness

bone and angular area of impact are in reverse direction

proportional dependence. This law is effective for irritating

light sources of small angular dimensions. As its meth-

the mechanism indicates the nervous summation of stimuli, due to

which the eye adjusts to the perception of light of small intensity

intensity.


STEVENS LAW 489161719 881 formula modification-

the law of psychophysical fundamental (Weber-Fechnet law)

ra), which connects the strength of sensation with a certain degree of fi-

intensity of the stimulus. According to it, between a number of

the house of sensations and a number of physical stimuli exists

not a logarithmic, but a power-law dependence: n Y = kS where Y is

subjective value, sensation; S stimulus; n indicator

degrees of the function; k is a constant depending on the unit of measurement.

niya. Another form of writing: n E = kP where E is the strength of sensation; P is the phy-

physical intensity of the stimulus; k and n are some constants.

In this case, the exponent of the power function for different modal-

the sensations vary: for loudness it has a value of 0.3,

for electric shock 3.5.


TALBOT'S LAW 519 377891481 - a regularity,

according to which the apparent brightness of a source of intermittent light

upon reaching the flicker fusion frequency it becomes equal

brightness of continuous light with the same values of luminous flux

current.


FECHNER LAW 531489 069718 The law according to which

the magnitude of the sensation is directly proportional to the logarithm of the in-

intensity of the stimulus - that is, an increase in the strength of the stimulus

The growth in geometric progression corresponds to the growth of sensation

in arithmetic progression. At the same time, his own

the fundamental postulate that a barely noticeable increase in sensation

is a constant value and can be used

use as a unit of measurement of sensation.


HICK'S LAW 598741 918811 - states that the reaction time

tions when choosing from a number of alternative signals

depends on their quantity. This pattern has taken the form of a lo-

harithmic function: BP = a*log(n+l), where BP is the average value

reaction time for all alternative signals; n

the number of equally probable alternative signals; a is the coefficient

ent of proportionality. The unit is introduced into the formula to account for

another alternative is in the form of signal skipping.


EBNEY'S LAW 491814 31871298 - summation effect

the brightness of several spectral colors when combined,

causing the perception of a new single color.


EMMERT'S LAW 599 068 718 213 - a regularity,

according to which the visible magnitude of the image of successive

directly depends on the distance of the screen where the image is projected.

the law is based on a mechanism that ensures constancy

visible sizes of actually perceived objects. This law

the numbering may not be visible at large distances

screen (over 10-15 m), as well as with eidetism.


LAW OF SPECIFIC ENERGIES 598716 389766

postulate as a general principle of sensory psychophysics, according to

to which each sense organ has a specific one

a type of sensation that is independent of the nature of the stimulus

resident.


DEPUTY 514718 914 312 spiritual impulse,

directed from the unconscious to consciousness and representing itself

a new form of an old repressed idea associated with incompatibility

our desire.


SUBSTITUTION 219618 918071 process and result of replacement

repressed drive or the idea of some other ten-

dence or symbol; a protective mechanism that has different

forms of manifestation. To the results and indicators of substitution

include actions that are wrong, witticisms, some components

dreams, neurotic symptoms, etc.


SMELL 289716 018 034 a sensation caused by the influence of

the effect of odorous substances on the receptors of the nasal mucosa

howl of the cavity.


SEALING 298487 998194 (imprinting) - Spec-

a static form of learning in higher vertebrates, in which

distinctive features of objects of some are recorded

innate behavioral acts.


MEMORY 298761 519 314 generalized name of the act-

tive processes that ensure the retention of the material in the pat-

mint; entering information into memory.


INVOLUNTARY MEMORY 519 612 81488917

- memorization without the intention of memorizing the material, without using

application of special means for better preservation of the material in

memory.


MEMORY, VOLUNTARY 916899 001 special

an action whose specific purpose and intention is to

remember exactly, for the maximum period, for the purpose of subsequent

reproduction or simply recognition determines the choice of the method

methods and means of memorization, and therefore affects its results.


PROHIBITION 498716 398718 - a regulation that prescribes

refusal to satisfy desire.


INFECTION 598 716 019 212198 (emotional infection)

(noe) in social psychology the process of transmitting emotional

state from one individual to another on psychophysiological

at the logical level of contact in addition to the actual semantic potential

actions or in addition to them.


SHADING 591814 is a methodical procedure for the investigation of

of auditory attention. It consists in the fact that the subject must

wives repeat aloud a message transmitted over one of the non-

how many channels, and the channel is specifically indicated by the experimenter-

tator. For example, when listening to a dichotic, it is necessary to

repeat the message coming through the right ear when ignored

in the processing of sound coming through the left ear.


LEARNING 398 741 988 7191 organized repetition

gathering information for the purpose of memorization.


PROTECTION 519481 979881 (psychic protection) total

the nature of unconscious mental processes that ensure

protection of the psyche and personality from dangerous negative and destructive

tive actions of intrapsychic and external impulses.


PSYCHOLOGICAL PROTECTION 591069 51 special

regulatory system of personality stabilization, system of mechanisms

words aimed at minimizing negative experiences

niy - to eliminate or minimize the feeling of anxiety,

associated with the awareness of a conflict that threatens the goals

personality integrity. The function of psychological protection is fencing.

the protection of the sphere of consciousness from negative, traumatic experiences

ny.


PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY 598061 319781

- relatively stable positive emotional transition

living and the individual's awareness of the possibility of satisfaction

basic needs and security of one's own rights in

any, even unfavorable situation, and when circumstances arise

entities that can block or hinder their implementation.


SOUND: PITCH 519381 998617 subjective quality

sounds, determined by their frequency. By frequency, sounds can be determined

be divided into low or high.


MENTAL HEALTH 519481913711 81 condition

mental well-being, characterized by the absence of painful

mental manifestations and providing adequate conditions

pits of reality regulation of behavior and activity.

the concept of holding is not limited to medical and psychological

ical criteria, it always reflects social and

group norms and values regulating spirituality

human life.


SIGN 519688 719317 019 an object or phenomenon that serves

representative of another object, phenomenon, process.


KNOWLEDGE 598764 019 82 in combination with skills and abilities

niami ensure correct reflection in the ideas and

thinking about the world, the laws of nature and society, relationships

people, a persons place in society and his behavior.


KNOWLEDGE: APPLICATION 398781 499 511 use

conceptual schemes for developing one's own activities.

This requires the presence of already formed in-

intellectual, containing special rules according to which it is necessary

to expand activities in new conditions. Development of similar

cial skills are usually achieved through training through

solutions to problematic situations. Using these skills in-

intellectual, recognition of previously acquired material is achieved

ala in new situations, application of abstract knowledge.


VALUE 518761384871 generalized form of reflection

the subject of socio-historical experience acquired in

in the course of joint activities and communication; exists in the form of

concepts objectified in action schemes, social roles,

norms and values. Through the system of meanings, consciousness

the subject is presented with an image of the world, other people and himself.


ZONE 598 511 689071 a space characterized by a certain

shared common features.


DEVELOPMENT ZONE 517391 891489 nearest (development zone-

(tion of potential) 1. Opportunities in mental development,

opened with minimal assistance from the subject. 2.

The difference in the level of difficulty of the tasks solved by the child himself

independently (current level of development) and under the guidance

adult. The provision on the development zone of the nearest formed the basis

in the development of age-related and

psychology of the pedagogical concept of the relationship between learning

and development of the child's mental abilities.


EROGENOUS ZONE 59867106801 128 certain parts

or body parts - genitals, oral cavity, anus

opening, the excretory duct of the urinary bladder, and others, are involved

involved in the development and functioning of the sexual instinct;

places of the body that play a role in receiving sexual pleasure

ings. They have a special sensitivity and are associated with some

other physiological functions; their irritation results in

causes pleasant excitement, sexually charged.


ZOOPRAGMATICS 489061 968788 a discipline that describes

communication, communication of animals as a kind of

language from positions corresponding to the positions of pragmatics, or

more specifically, from the standpoint of origin and mechanisms of action,

implementing communication channels for transmitting information (op-

tic, chemical, acoustic, tactile, etc.) and degrees

ritualization of these actions.


ZOOPSYCHOLOGY 398764 519812 the science of the psyche of animals

votnykh, about the manifestations and patterns of mental evolution-

tions of the animal psyche, about the manifestations and patterns of psi-

chemical reflection at this level. Considers the problems

development of the psyche in phylogenesis, studies - primarily in la-

laboratory conditions - the formation of mental processes in

animals in ontogenesis, the origin of the psyche and its development in

the course of evolution, biological prerequisites and prehistory of

the birth of human consciousness.


ZOOSEMANTICS 489671 999 481 a discipline that describes

communication, communication of animals as a kind of

language from the standpoint of semantics, more specifically from the standpoint of informative-

content of communicative actions, which can

relate to the spheres of recognition, to the motivation of behavior and to the relation-

solutions with the environment.


ZOOPHILIA 391517318 941. Love for animals, more

partly erotic - when the libido is directed towards animals.


MATURITY 398061 219 (adulthood), a state to which

comes to the organism at the end of the development period. The longest

period of ontogenesis, characterized by a tendency to achieve

to the highest development of spiritual, intellectual and physical

ical abilities of the individual.


PREMATURE MATURITY 519488 079398 self-

voluntary, premature sexual maturity, which

is expressed in the violation, reduction or cessation of infant-

latent period and becomes the cause of disease

niy, causing sexual manifestations that may have

only the nature of perversions - as a result of the unprepared state

genital delays and an underdeveloped genital system.


VISION 588 061 989 711 the ability to transform into

visual sensations of electromagnetic radiation energy

light range (within the range from 300 to 1000 nm). When absorbed,

the generation of light quanta by the visual pigments of the retina

visual stimulation. Photochemical changes in the pigment

retinal structures lead to changes in electrical potentials.

alov, which are then distributed throughout all levels of the system.

visual.


ACHROMATIC VISION 518914 319 889 loss

ability to distinguish chromatic colors. In this case, the external

the world is perceived in gray, differing only in brightness -

depending on the spectrum of perceived light. Maximum

green color is perceived brightly, which is typical for vision

twilight people with normal color vision.


BINOCULAR VISION 518 617 998 227 simultaneous

the formation of two images of the same object

on the retinas of both eyes one of the main mechanisms of perception

depths of space.


SPATIAL VISION 598 061 788 610 (vision

depth) visual perception of the three-dimensionality of space.

In this case, two main classes of perceptual operations are distinguished:

, providing constant perception: some allow

estimate the distance of objects based on binocular and

monocular motion parallax, others - to evaluate

direction.


MESOPIC VISION 890 061 668 917 (mesopic vision)

river) is intermediate between day and night.


SCOTOPIC VISION 598 614 898 171 (night vision)

(noe) - is provided by means of a rod apparatus; when

In this case, only achromatic colors are perceived, but light-

the sensitivity is very high.


PHOTOPIC VISION 598 661 310 981 (daytime vision)

(noe) is provided by means of the cone apparatus, for

due to which the possibility of color differentiation appears.


COLOR VISION 558 612 091 318 ability to distinguish

to separate sub-ranges of electromagnetic radiation in

range of the visible spectrum (369-760 nm). The signals received

from the peripheral parts of the visual system, in its highest

spectrally sensitive nerves are received in the most important departments.

cells that are excited by the action of one of the

colors of the spectrum and are inhibited by the action of another.


_AND_


IATROGENY 518 419 31798791 (iatrogeny) arising

resulting from the incorrect actions of the doctor who provided

the client's unintentional suggestive influence (for example, un-

cautious commentary on the characteristics of the disease), not-

favorable changes in mental state and psychogenic

reactions that contribute to the emergence of neuroses. Synonym

suggested disease.


GAME 518 006 78967 activity of an individual aimed at

conditional modeling of some expanded activity. For

human - a form of activity in conditional situations, directed

aimed at recreating and assimilating social experience, fixed

oriented in socially established ways of implementation

actions of the subject, in the subjects of science and culture.


GAME: DEVELOPMENT / PRESCHOOL AGE 519 541

889 317 (development of play in preschool age) a process in which

In this way, the child's play takes the form of social learning.


BUSINESS GAME 598714 888 91 a form of recreation of the pre-

the local and social content of professional activity

ness, modeling of systems of relations characteristic of a given

type of practice. Conducting a business game is a deployment

implementation of special (game) activities of participants on the model of imitation

tional, recreating the conditions and dynamics of production.


SUBJECT GAME 598 71631 214 childrens game with objects

of material and spiritual culture or their substitutes,

subject to the cultural and historical characteristics of these pre-

metov and their intended purpose.


PROJECTIVE GAME 519387 918 499 one of the methods

projective, related to the group of catharsis techniques.


ROLE-PLAYING GAME 598741 389 618 one of the elements of psi-

khodrama the performance of various roles by its participants, which is significant

we for them in real life.


CHILDREN'S ROLE-PLAYING GAME 518 781984 317 (role-playing game

children) - the predominant form in preschool-aged children

games that involve modeling actions and relationships

of adults. The role of an adult that a child takes on,

involves following certain, often implicit, rules

lamps, due to which both game actions with the pre-

metas, as well as relationships with other children included

into the game.


SYMBOLIC GAME 598 748 918 3 a type of game where

reality is reproduced in the form of symbols or signs, and the action

game actions are performed in an abstract symbolic form

me.


STORY GAME 598064 318 78 a childrens game where the

plots are derived from events in real life, fairy tales, etc.

ROLE-PLAYING GAME 598421 319 816 form of game

ry, combining elements and features of the game plot-

and role-playing games.


IDEALIZATION 819 816 917234 aspiration that creates

private judgment manifested in the phenomenon of sexual trans-

evaluation of the object due to the fact that the selected object is, to some extent,

degree is not subject to criticism and all its qualities are appreciated

higher than the qualities of unloved people, or than the qualities of that

the same object, while it has not yet been loved.


IDEAL 319448719 01 a special way of being of an object,

its representation (active reflection) in the mental world

and the life activity of the subject.


IDENTIFICATION 51948 01 216 this concept is considered

is considered as the most important mechanism of socialization, manifested in

the acceptance by an individual of a social role upon joining a group, in

awareness of group belonging, formation of the established

social innovations, etc.


GROUP IDENTIFICATION 819917 818 941 ann.

the identification of an individual with a generalized image of a member of a certain

social groups or social communities, due to which the pro-

there is an acceptance of its goals and values, often uncritical.


COLLECTIVE IDENTIFICATION 514217 219890

(collectivist identification) arising in the activity

sti joint form of humane relations, in which the transfer

the lives of one of the group are given to others as motives for behavior,

organizing their own activities aimed at one

simultaneously to achieve the group goal and to eliminate

frustrating influences (frustration). Means unity

motivation, formation of relationships based on morality

principles. It is especially fully expressed in sympathy and

participation, when each member of the group is emotionally and actively involved

responds to each person's successes and failures.


PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION 598 067 918804 me-

a mechanism whose action is based on a strong emotional

the individual's connections with other people, primarily with parents,

leading to assimilation - most often unconscious - to these

"significant others". Orientation towards another person as a general

The sample significantly increases social learning performance.


IDENTIFICATION NARCISSISTIC 5914 891087 019

- the process of self-projection onto the I of the lost sexual

object, when the allocated libido is oriented towards the I, but when

in this case, a person treats his ego as an abandoned object

and directs ambivalent impulses towards the Self, including, in

among others, aggressive components.


GENDER IDENTIFICATION 519719 89049 61

the process and result of a child acquiring psychological and

behavioral characteristics of a person of a certain sex;

his identification with a person of a certain gender and acquisition

psychological features and behavioral characteristics of a person

same or opposite sex, including typical behavior

role-playing.


IDENTITY (identity of I) 914 718518198641891

a sense of self-identity, one's own truth, completeness

values, belonging to the world and other people. A sense of gain-

tenseness, adequacy and stable possession of the personality of the property

the self regardless of changes in the latter and the situation;

the ability of an individual to fully solve problems that arise

facing her at every stage of development.


GENDER IDENTITY 519 488 714 317 awareness

an individual's gender identity; his experience of his own

her masculinity - femininity; readiness to play a certain

the assigned role of sex. The unity of self-awareness and behavior of the in-

a person who identifies himself as belonging to a certain gender and orientation

oriented towards the requirements of the corresponding sexual role.

is one of the aspects of personal identity and to a large extent

degree is based on imitation of parents.


IDEA 54131 89 0168

1. Thought, general concept, representation

a statement about an object or phenomenon that reflects reality,

expressive attitude towards her.

2. The defining concept underlying

at the basis of the theoretical system, logical construction, world-

views.

3. Thought, design, intention, plan.

4. A mental image of something, a concept of something.


IDEA OF SUPERVALUABLE 591 811 01971 judgments, ideas,

ideas that occupy an inappropriate place in the subjects consciousness

their predominant position is relevant to their significance. Accompanying

are characterized by pronounced emotional experiences.


IDOL 598061 789 12 idol, god; some object of worship

respect, low-grade veneration.


IDOLATRY 5914 018

1. Worship of idols

as a religious cult.

2. Worship, veneration of certain objects that act as “idols” usually unreflective, little realized.


IDOLATRY MODERN 598741 219

currently active, widespread powerful collective

a form of worship of strength, success and market power, which includes

itself a multitude of hidden elements of various primitive re-

ligiy.


MEASUREMENT 598 784 319 68 in psychology identification of co-

quantitative characteristics of the studied mental phenomena. In

In a broad sense, measurement is a special procedure by means of which

the second number (or at least ordinal values) are assigned

things according to certain rules. The rules themselves consist of the estab-

renewing the correspondence between some properties of numbers and

some properties of things.


IMAGE DUAL 39148 (image

ambiguous) - an image that allows for the separation of its components

elements on the subjectively perceived figure and background

in a mutually opposite way: then one part of this image

one is perceived as a figure, the other as a background, then

vice versa.


ISOLATION 498716 319 01 Exclusion of an individual from the usual

relations, which can be observed under special conditions

work (space flight, wintering), or in a clinic for nervous and

mental illnesses (in case of damage to analyzers, in case of illness

mental disorders). In such conditions, side effects appear.

the negative consequences of isolation - in the form of the emergence of states of drowsiness,

apathy, irritability; loss of temporal orientation occurs

orientations; the ability to think and remember is impaired.

niyam. Illusions or hallucinations may develop.


GROUP ISOLATION 594 781 914 1 psychological

aspect: forced long-term stay of a group of people in

in conditions of limited space, scarcity of stimuli

sensory and constant communication with the same people.

In conditions of group isolation, people are in space time.

ic flights, scuba diving, at hydrometeorological stations,

lighthouses, etc.


SENSOR ISOLATION 391819 016918 sharp limitation

the variety of ordinary sensory sensations - visual

nal, auditory, etc.; partial or even complete exclusion of in-

divida from the flow of ordinary sensory sensations.


STRICT INSULATION 519 816 418 experimental

a technique by which the effect of isolation on

human.


ILLUSION 589461 718 01 (illusion of perception) inadequate

cotton reflection of the perceived object and its properties;

the perception of particular features of some objects

or images.


ARISTOTLE'S ILLUSION 419 318 9164219 consists of

that a small ball placed between crossed

with the index and middle fingers, it is perceived as two different

nyh ball. Refers to tactile illusions.


ILLUSION CONTRAST 584 171916 48 distortion

perception of specific features of objects that arises when

violation of habitual stereotypes. Manifested in re-evaluation

signs opposite to the usual ones, especially often - in

sensations of temperature and taste. So, after a cold

warm is perceived as hot; after sour or salty

the degree of sweetness is overestimated.


MOON ILLUSION 5980614 318 visual illusion, ha-

characterized by the fact that the perceived size of a celestial body (the Moon)

(the Sun) appears larger when it is positioned low above the mountain.

umbrella than when positioned high in the sky.


ILLUSION OCULOGRAPHIC 519 48171 viewer-

but the perceived apparent movement, due to the influence of

the vestibular apparatus during acceleration of the movement of observation

the giver in the direction of the vertical axis of the body. Observed in p-

lots during and after the ascent or descent:

At the end of the set, it seems that the object continues to move

down, and upon exiting the dive up. The illusion can be expressed

to shrink into distortion of shape, size and other spatial

characteristics of objects.


OPTICAL-GEOMETRIC ILLUSION 589 061 21

various visual illusions, manifested in the distortion of corre-

relationships of spatial features of visible objects.

It is believed that they are caused by the action of mechanisms that ensure

which indicate the constancy of the visible sizes and shapes of objects.

Most of these illusions have parallels in illusions of touch.

tel.


ILLUSION OF GRAVITY 591 489 019 distortion of perception

weight characteristics of objects, conditioned by past experience:

if you lift two objects of the same weight but different volumes

object, then the smaller one is perceived as heavier.


IMAGE 571 48 12 formed in the consciousness of the masses and

an emotionally charged image that has the character of a stereotype

someone or something. A certain image can be possessed by

give political figure, profession, product, etc.


IMPOTENCE 8851464 sexual impotence. In psychology

is understood broadly - in relation to psychological

phenomena.


MENTAL IMPOTENCE 8985 419 81 miscellaneous

various sexual dysfunctions, most of which

has the character of simple inhibition.


IMPRINTING 918481 is a concept meaning early sealing.

chatter in animals.


IMPULSE 519 514 819

1. An impetus to do something, an incentive to do something; a reason that causes some action.

2. Electrical impulse a quick short-term jump

electric current or voltage.


NERVE IMPULSE 489061 09817 rapidly spreading

a wave of excitation that travels along the nerve fiber, arising

when the ending of a sensory nerve fiber is irritated

the fiber itself or the body of the nerve cell (neuron).

is characterized by rapid changes in excitability, conductivity and

other properties of the fiber.


SHAMEFUL IMPULSE 981317061 the name of the psychosex-

phenomena that were later called entailed

teachings.


IMPULSIVENESS 488 01678918 a character trait that is

expressed in the tendency to act without sufficient conscious-

control, under the influence of external circumstances or emotional

onal experiences.


IMPUNITY 489 068 719 tendency to attribute-

to place responsibility for failures primarily on external

conditions and conditions.


INVERSION 489064 3197

1. The process and result of rearrangement or reversal (replacement) even to the point of opposites of motives, attitudes, desires, reactions, behavioral acts, etc.

2. Type of sexual orientation of men and women,

in which persons are chosen as objects of sexual intercourse

of your gender.


INVERSION: PSYCHIC MECHANISM 498711 619 8

a set of mental states and processes that determine

that determine the emergence, development and action of inversion.


INVERTATION 489714 811 the phenomenon of manifestation of some-

of some psychological qualities, characteristics in the "inverse",

"inverted" form - that is, in a form, in a certain sense

or in relation to the opposite of their normal manifestation.


ABSOLUTE INVERTATION 489641918 74 phenomenon

sexual orientation towards objects of one's own, and not the opposite

gender.


AMPHIGENIC INVERSION 489 7163194 (hermaphrodite-

psychosexualism) is a phenomenon of psychosexual orientation

tions simultaneously on objects of one's own and the opposite sex.


INHIBITION 488610 914 the process and result of oppression,

slowing down or even stopping some reactions, processes

owls, some kind of activity or activity.


INHIBITION SOCIAL 4897169184 decrease

(suppression), deterioration in the productivity of the individual's work.

the house of activity, its speed and quality in the presence of a constant

random people or observers, real or imaginary

(without interfering with its actions), acting as a co-

the observer or observer of his actions (subjectivity of the reflection)

female). A phenomenon opposite to social facilitation.


INDEX 488 617 01914 index, register of names, titles and

etc. In psychology - a digital indicator for quantitative

assessment, characterization of phenomena.


SOCIOMETRIC INDEX 4890 617 319 system

symbols, digital and letter, for quantity

natural characterization of the phenomena under study.


INDIVIDUAL 48916 71913 (individual) talk about the individual

they say when they consider a person as a representative of hominis

sapientis.


INDIVIDUALITY 489712 6148 A person characterized by

determined by its socially significant differences from others

people; the uniqueness of the psyche and personality of the individual, its uniqueness

ability. It manifests itself in the features of temperament, character, in the

digitalization of interests, qualities of perceptual processes (perception)

and the intelligence, needs and abilities of the individual.


INDIVIDUATION 499618 71809 the process of searching for a human

a lump of spiritual harmony, integration, integrity, meaningfulness

sti. The concept of individuation occupies an analytical position in psychology.

skoy central place.


INDIGO 498716 319 882 19 an ethno-specific term,

meaning syndromic manifestations of behavioral regression - with

a sudden change in consciousness and uncontrollable

our desire to eat human flesh.


INDICATION 489 064 3191

1. The process and result of indicating the presence or absence of a certain state or process.

2. The process and result of displaying the state or progress of a process or other object of observation, its qualitative or quantitative characteristics.


INDUCTOR 489614 719 subject addressing the message

recipient. Synonym communicator.


INDUCTION 499711898418 the movement of knowledge from individual

statements to general provisions. Closely related to deduction.

Logic considers induction as a type of inference, differing

tea induction complete and incomplete. Psychology studies the development

and violations of inductive reasoning. Movement from the singular-

the approach to general knowledge is analyzed in its determinacy by all

mental processes and the structure of mental activity

sti in general.


INERTIA 419517 31948 a concept used in psi-

hophysiology to indicate low mobility of the system

nervous, characterized by difficulties in switching

conditioned stimuli from a positive mode to an inhibitory one,

and vice versa. In case of pathological disorders, for example, in case of

in the frontal lobes, inertia can manifest itself in the form of

perseverations.


INITIATIVE 428714318 7 manifestation of active activity by the subject

independence, not stimulated from the outside and not defined by

circumstances that were different from his.


INITIATION 489614 7129 a set of actions, mainly

rituals, by means of which the formal ceremony is performed

the change in the social status of the individual is strengthened,

its inclusion in a certain closed association, its acquisition

special knowledge, as well as functions or powers.


INNERVATION 499617 81914 conduction of nerve impulses

awakenings in various organs.


INNOVATION 51931791814 (innovation) in social-

psychological aspect creation and implementation of various types

yes innovations that generate significant changes in social

practice. There are socio-economic, organizational,

but-managerial and technical-technological innovations.


INSTANCE 598614 319 7 (system) an integral part of the app-

parata of the psychic.


INSTINCT 588914 31914 a set of innate com-

component of behavior and psyche of animals and humans.


SELF-PRESERVATION INSTINCT 498175 61491 congenital

given motivations and forms of behavior aimed at achieving

adaptation to living conditions and survival. In psychoanalysis

elementary instincts of self-preservation include hunger and

thirst.


SEXUAL INSTINCT - 54 8 711 9 1 8 211.


INTEGRATION 491619 881 89 as an intra-group pro-

process the creation of internal unity, cohesion, which is expressed

is sought in identifying the collective, cohesiveness of the group as

its value-orientation unity, objectivity in the imposition

taking responsibility for successes and failures in the activity

joint activity.


GROUP INTEGRATION 918517 918 48

1. The state of the group, characteristic:

a) orderliness of intra-group structures;

b) the consistency of the main components of the group activity system;

c) the stability of subordination relationships between them;

d) stability and continuity of their functioning;

d) other signs indicating the psychological unity and integrity of the social community.


2. A hierarchically organized set of intra-group processes that ensure the achievement of the above-mentioned

state. It manifests itself in a relatively continuous and autonomous

the existence of the group, which implies the presence of a process

owls that prevent the violation of psychological safety

groups. The absence of integrative properties inevitably leads to

the disintegration of any community.


INTELLIGENCE 419886 7198 this concept is defined by

quite diverse, but in general terms they mean individuals

nal features related to the cognitive sphere, primarily

in total to thinking, memory, perception, attention, etc.

a certain level of development of mental activity is implied

personality, providing the opportunity to acquire

all new knowledge and effectively use it in the course of life

yatitelnosti, - the ability to carry out the process of cognition and

to effective problem solving, in particular in mastering

a new circle of life's tasks.


INTELLIGENCE: STRUCTURE 459618 71949 structure of in-

intelligence is described by factor-analytical theory, in which

There are two types of intelligence: 1) fluid - which

depends significantly on heredity and is involved in the task

where adaptation to new situations is required; 2) cry-

crystallized - reflecting the past

experience.


ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 498716 319 808

1. Conventional designation of cybernetic systems and their logical-

mathematical software designed to solve non-

which tasks usually require the use of abilities

intelligent person.

2. A set of functional

capabilities of an electronic computer a computer

ra - to solve problems that previously required the mandatory participation of a person

love.


PRACTICAL INTELLIGENCE 498016 719 78 (intelligence

sensorimotor) A concept used to designate the stage of development of the in-

intelligence in the period from birth to 2 years, preceding the period

a period of intensive speech acquisition, during which it is achieved

coordination of perception and movement. At this stage, the child

interacts with objects, their perceptual and motor

signals, but not with signs, symbols and diagrams, representing

tying the object.


INTELLECTUALIZATION 598716 3194 mechanism for

protective, the action of which is manifested in a specific way

without analyzing the problems facing the individual, typical

excessive exaggeration of the role of the rational component in

complete disregard for emotional, affective, sensory

components of the analysis.


INTELLIGENCE 599617319 8 a set of personal

the individual's personal qualities that meet social expectations,

imposed by society primarily on persons employed

mental work and artistic creativity, in a broader sense

in the fatal aspect - to people considered to be the bearers of culture.


INTENSITY 598614319 819 1. Qualitative charac-

teristics expressing a high measure, degree of strength, tension

intensity, saturation of a certain manifestation or process. 2. Qualit-

a quantitative or quantitative characteristic of the measure of force, stress,

femininity, productivity of a certain process or phenomenon.


INTENSITY: MOVEMENT 498619 718 519

one of the mental processes of sleep. During sleep activity

there is a shift in mental intensity, consisting of

in that some important ideas and thoughts are lost

of dominant importance, while others come to the fore,

apparently not deserving of it. The movement of intensive-

This could be called a revaluation of mental values.


INTENTION 599 061 898719 (intentionality) striving-

laziness, the focus of consciousness and thinking on a certain object.


PARADOXICAL INTENTION 489648 719 31 psycho-

therapeutic technique. It consists of the client, tormented

fear of expectation, receives instructions from the logotherapist: in

critical situation or immediately before its occurrence

to want to at least for a few minutes (in case of phobias), or

to carry out on his own (in cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder) what he

is afraid.


INTERACTIONISM 59488 44 71931 direction in co-

temporary Western social psychology. Under the social

interaction in interactionism is understood as direct

interpersonal communication ("exchange of symbols"), important

the most important feature of which is recognized as the ability of a person

"to take the role of another", to imagine how he is perceived

communication partner or group (the "generalized other"), and

interpret the situation and construct accordingly

own actions.


INTERACTION 489 067 319 80078 interaction, influence

attacking each other.


INTERVIEW 488617 389016 in psychology a way to obtain

of social and psychological information using oral

survey.


DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW 489061 71931 method

obtaining information about personality traits used in

early stages of psychotherapy. It serves as a special means of establishing

of close personal contact with the interlocutor. In many situations,

in clinical work is proving to be an important way of

penetrating into the clients inner world and understanding his difficulties

neniy.


INTERVIEW CLINICAL 519488 061714 089 - method

therapeutic conversation in providing psychological assistance.


INTERIORIZATION 548 316 719 888 the process of formation

of the internal structures of the psyche, caused by the assimilation

structures and symbols of external social activity.


INTEROCEPTOR 498617 319881 (interoreceptor) sensory

actual nerve endings are receptors that perceive

some mechanical, chemical and other shifts in the internal

environment of the body. They are located in muscles, tendons, vessels,

internal organs, etc.


INTEROCEPTION 519 814 319 889 (interoreception) feeling

the activity of internal organs.


INTERPSYCHOLOGICAL 591698 718 4 interpersonal

nost, occurring in the psyche of several subjects,

interaction of psychics.


INTERFERENCE 498617 889 511 1. Mutual suppression

simultaneously running processes (primarily related to

(related to the cognitive sphere), due to the limited

volume of distributed attention. 2. Deterioration of the preservation

memorized material as a result of exposure (imposition)

other material with which the subject operates.


SKILL INTERFERENCE 918488 712 81 transfer

already developed private skills to the newly formed action

action based on their partial, purely external similarity,

leading to difficulties in learning a new skill.


INTERFERENCE PROACTIVE 549 316889 019 is

mnemonic activity, consisting in the deterioration of the preservation

of the material being memorized under the influence of pre-

of the studied (interfering) material. Increases with

increasing the degree of memorization of interfering material and

increasing its volume, as well as as the degree increases

similarities between the material being learned and the interfering material.


INTERFERENCE RETROACTIVE 898 764819

impairment of retention of learned material caused by memorization

by means of manipulation or operation with subsequent (interfering)

material. Its relative value decreases as

achieving a sustainable criterion for assimilation of the initial material

material. Retroactive interference increases with increasing

identifying the similarities between learned and interfering material and

reaches its maximum when they coincide.


SELECTIVE INTERFERENCE 488761 8 phenomenon

mnemonic activity (memory), expressed in delay

answer to a question as a result of involuntary influence on it

meaning of the word. It clearly appears when solving the problem of naming

the color of the letters of a word, especially if the word itself is

color name.


INTRAPUNITIVITY 916 071918 4 tendency to

constantly blame yourself for all failures.


INTROVERSION 498601 718 14 Turning consciousness towards

to himself, preoccupation with his own problems and

experiences, accompanied by a weakening of attention to the surrounding

why. One of the basic personality traits. The opposite of

concept - extroversion.


INTROVERSION 4986 01 718 14 (and extroversion) character-

ristics of individual psychological differences of a person,

the extreme poles of which correspond to the predominant

the orientation of the personality either towards the world of external objects, or

on the phenomena of one's own subjective world.


INTROJECTION 4984 71 614 8908 full inclusion of indi-

a view into his inner world the psyche of what he perceives

images, views, motives and attitudes of other people when he

no longer distinguishes between proper and improper ideas.

Introjection is one of the foundations of identification, a mental mechanism

nism, which plays a significant role in the formation of the Super-Ego.


INTROSPECTION 891 698061 718 method of self-observation,

psychological analysis, the study of the psyche and its processes

themes of subjective observation of one's own activities

psyche (self-observation; monospection). Consists of observation

own mental processes, without the use of instruments

cops or standards.


ANALYTICAL INTROSPECTION 898716 319 68

introspective method. Characterized by a desire for complete

the dismemberment of the sensory image into its constituent elements, not

induced to the parameters of the stimulus.


SYSTEMATIC INTROSPECTION 519481 918917

- the introspective method. Characterized by an orientation toward tracking

ment of the main stages of the thinking process on the basis of retrospective

tive report.


EXPERIMENTAL INTROSPECTION 914 891 618 378

- "experimental self-observation", in which the subject

I carefully observe the dynamics of the emotions I experience.

standing at each stage of the instruction execution.


INTUITION 489611 094 892 finding, often practically

instant, solving a problem when logical resources are insufficient

grounds; knowledge that arises without awareness of the ways and conditions

its receipt - as a result of “direct discretion”.

It is also interpreted as a specific ability (for example, intuition)

(artistic or scientific), and as a holistic grasp

conditions of the problematic situation (sensory and intellectual intuition)

lectual), and as a mechanism of creative activity (intuition

creative) (creativity; imagination).


INFANTILISM 489618 719 31 1. Preservation in the psyche

and the behavior of an adult person of properties, traits, qualities and features

peculiarities inherent in childhood. 2. Form of delay in

passing through the stages of ontogenetic development, in which

both physical and mental functions turn out to be underdeveloped

skii. At the same time, the possibility of full compensation remains

development of the mental in the future.


INFANTILISM PERSONAL 596 489 preservation in

the psyche and behavior of an adult, the characteristics inherent in children

age. An individual who is characterized by infantilism is an in-

phantile - with normal or even accelerated physical and

mental development is characterized by emotional immaturity

volitional sphere, which is expressed in the lack of independence of decisions

and actions, a feeling of insecurity, in low criticality

towards oneself, increased demands for care

others about themselves, in various compensatory reactions (fan-

tasing, replacing real actions, egocentrism and

etc.).


INFORMANT 591648 718 subject included in the experiment

ment and informing the experimenter (directly or

indirectly - in writing) about the peculiarities of their interaction

actions with the object.


COMPUTER SCIENCE 8918 914 319 1. The science that studies pro-

processes of transmission and processing of information. 2. The set of

branches of the national economy engaged in collection processes,

transformation and consumption of information. 3. The sphere of human

activity. 4. The science that studies the processes of information processing.

formations using computers.


INFORMATION 419 317 819 209 1. Some information about

the surrounding world and the processes taking place in it a storage object,

processing and transmission - perceived by a person or spec-

social devices. 2. Messages about the state of affairs, about so-

standing of something.


INFORMATION: PROCESSING PARALLEL

498 714 318 218 9 (parallel information processing) mo-

the concept of information processing in the brain, according to which

information goes through a series of transformations in certain

"functional blocks" of the brain - so that at every moment

time, its processing is carried out simultaneously (in parallel) in

how many "blocks". Used in cognitive psychology.


INFORMATION: PROCESSING IS SEQUENTIAL

429 614 899 717 (sequential information processing) mo-

the concept of information processing in the brain, according to which

information undergoes a series of transformations in a certain order

“functional blocks” of the brain so that at every moment

time, its processing is carried out only in one “block”.

is used in cognitive psychology.


INCEST 348 617 (incestuality, incestuousness) sex-

sexual relations (coitus) with blood relatives, blood relatives

amusement. An innate erotic attraction directed at

parents (Oedipus complex), is one of the components of neurosis, and also

the same widespread form of sexual relations in the first

everyday society.


HYPOCHONDRIA 428 761 319 88 a painful condition or

a disease characterized by excessive attention to one's health

blood, fear of incurable diseases (for example, can-

cerophobia, cardiophobia, etc.), a tendency to exaggerate pain

painful phenomena and to attribute to oneself non-existent serious

ailments.


IRRADIATION 498 078 319 488 9 the ability of the nervous

process to spread from its place of origin to

other neural elements.


DISTORTION APPERCEPTIVE 498 317918481

any individual deviations from the standard interpretation

stimulus.


STAGE ARTS 498 817 019 one of the ways

methods of human cognition. Reproducing the actions of the stage

character in the circumstances suggested by the author of the play, act-

ter experiences two types of emotions: 1) associated with success

their professional activities; 2) similar to emotions

the person he depicts.


FEAR 498317 918 a state in a sudden situation,

unexpected danger.


SUBJECT 519317418 91 the subject being tested

psychological experiments are conducted; a participant in the study of psycho-

logical.


RESEARCH 529 311 488 07

1. Conducting scientific

study.

2. Inspection to clarify or study something.

3. Scientific work.


RESEARCH: TOPIC 318499614 an aspect of a certain pro-

problems or a separate issue that is specifically studied in

this study.


LONGITUDINAL STUDY 419811 918 (research

(longitudinal) - a long-term and systematic study

the same subjects, allowing us to determine the range

the range of age and individual variability of life phases

human cycle; the study of certain individual features

characteristics of the same children over several years, in

which can use observation and experimental methods

and testing.


PATHOGRAPHIC STUDY 418917 2188 4

a cycle of psychoanalytic studies.


RESEARCH PILOTING 481 912 trial

an exploratory type of research that is conducted before the main

and is its simplified form. In psychology, social-

pilot study (working term sounding) application

is used to establish the required sample size, clarify

the content and number of questions in the questionnaire, the time of the survey, etc.

In testing, pilot research (the working term is pre-

test) serves as a means of identifying some of the basic standards

test.


FIELD RESEARCH 319 917 81944 type of research

of social phenomena or the behavior of animal communities

by studying them under normal, natural conditions.


PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC STUDY 488

718 918 41 usually it is used to test hypotheses about the dependence

the relationships between different psychological characteristics

mi. Psychodiagnostic research includes: 1) development

development of requirements for measuring instruments; 2) design

development and testing of methods; 3) development of survey rules

4) processing and interpretation of results.


PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 312 418 912 8

involves the following stages: 1) formulation of the problem; 2) selection

hypothesis movement; 3) hypothesis testing obtaining data

empirical and their processing; 4) interpretation of the results of the pro-

verification comparison of the obtained results with the initial hypothesis

zoy, conclusions about the reliability of the hypothesis and further correlation

it with the theory within which the hypothesis was formed;

necessity - revision of certain provisions, which

gives rise to new problems, new hypotheses, etc.


FACTORIAL RESEARCH 918 117 4889018 (research

correlational research) studies of personality traits. The essence of their

- in that, through factor analysis on a large number of

The personality traits of the subjects are determined

on average, they strongly correlate with each other, and some weakly.

highly correlated traits are those that are most often combined in one

about a person.


EMPIRICAL RESEARCH 489361 819 48 is-

following based on obtaining, analyzing and generalizing

experimental (empirical) data.


HYSTERIA 5154891 one of the types of neuroses pathocharacteristic-

a genetic disorder associated with an excessive tendency to

suggestion and self-suggestion, as well as the weakness of the conscious

control over behavior. Characterized by a variety of violations

yami psyche, motor sphere, sensitivity. Manifests-

with a peculiar hysterical character, fits,

disturbances of consciousness and functions of internal organs.


HYSTERIA OF FEAR 891488 916 71 the most frequent and first

psychoneurotic disease of children - "neurosis of childhood" -

always developing predominantly in phobia. Mental

its mechanism corresponds to the mechanisms of phobias, with one exception

moment: in hysteria of fear, the libido, released from the pathogen-

material by displacement, is not converted - not transferred

goes from the sphere of the psyche to the bodily innervation, but remains

free in the form of fear. Fear hysteria can combine-

with conversion hysteria.


HISTORIOGRAPHY 498714 318 7 1. The science that studies

development of historical knowledge, sometimes synonymous with history as

science. 2. History of the study of a certain problem.


_Y_


YOGA 488 712 89901 ancient Indian religious

a philosophical system of personal improvement associated with

a system of psychophysical training aimed at changing

mental development due to extremely high levels of concentration

attention.


_TO_


CANDAULISM 489016681 9 (candaulism) is a type of sexually transmitted disease

perversion in which a man receives sexual pleasure

when showing others a naked partner or her photo

tographies.


CANCEROPHOBIA 209 488 6190 a type of neurosis, characteristic

pathological fear of cancer.


CAPRICE 523 488719 a small whim, a fad without action

real need, necessity, requirement.


CHILDREN'S WHIMP 317988 9178 (children's whims) - aspiration

children - especially preschool and junior ages

school - to do something contrary to the instructions of adults.

accompanied by crying or screaming. Favorable conditions

The causes for the appearance of whims are overwork, weakness

nervous system, increased emotional excitability.


COGNITIVE MAP 488916 3194 subjective map

a type that has primarily spatial coordinates, in

in which individual perceived objects are localized;

images of situations of familiar spatial environment. Co-

are given and changed in the course of active interaction of the subject

in peace.


PICTURE OF THE DISEASE INTERNAL 318914 888 01 (internal

early picture of the disease) - a holistic picture that arises in the patient

image of your illness.


ETHNIC WORLD VIEW 521485 618 a single orienta-

orientation is cognitive, in fact non-verbalized, implied

a citable expression of the understanding of the members of each society, including

including ethnic community, “rules of life” dictated by the social

nal, natural and "supernatural" forces. Pre-

is a set of basic assumptions and hypotheses,

usually not recognized or discussed, but guiding and

structuring the behavior of representatives of a given community

almost like grammatical rules, unconscious

most people, structure and direct their behavior.

linguistic.


CATALEPSY 319 781 3194 a dream-like state, characterized by

characterized by a decrease in sensitivity to external and internal

to them, “wax flexibility” involuntary preservation

of any position without visible effort. May occur in hypnosis.

nocturnal sleep, as well as in some mental illnesses

(schizophrenia, hysteria, etc.).


CATHARSIS 488916 319 (catharsis) originally emotional-

internal shock, a state of internal purification caused by

the viewer of an ancient tragedy as a result of experiencing

the fate of the hero, which usually ended in death. Strong

emotional shock caused by unreal events

life, but their symbolic representation - for example, in the production

conducting art.


CATHERTIC 4890 19218 - causing discharge

pathogenic affects through catharsis from memory and

re-experiencing past events.


CATEGORIALITY 319681 0198 property of perception

tia, existing at the level of consciousness and characterizing the personality

the level of perception is the ability to distinguish in the first

the receptive space of certain areas that have more

or less defined and stable boundaries. At the same time, clarity

these boundaries are closely related to the perceptual tasks that are solved

our individual.


CATEGORIZATION 318916489 mental process of relation-

the connection of a single object, event, experience to a certain

class, - as verbal and non-verbal meanings, symbols,

sensory and perceptual standards, social stereotypes,

behavioral stereotypes, etc. Directly involved in the process

forces of perception, thinking, imagination, the object of which is

is accepted and thought of not as a singularity, immediate

a given, but as a representative of a generalized class, and on

the object is transferred the features of this class of phenomena.


CATHEXIS 219488 0184 “energy charge”, a peculiar

different quantum of psychosexual energy.


CAUSOMETRY 428911 3197 method of studying the subject

tive picture of the path of life and psychological time

personality. Refers to biographical methods; aimed at

description of not only the past, but also the expected future

stages of the path of life.


SPEECH KINESTHESIA 519488 914 31 afferent

impulses coming from the peripheral speech organs to the cerebral cortex

head. They arise not only during external speech activity-

sti, but also when performing mental actions, when it can

there is an increase in the tone of the speech muscles and the appearance of

reduction of motor impulses due to hidden pronunciation

words.


CLAUSTROPHOBIA 489317918 999 a type of neurosis, characteristic

suffering from a pathological fear of closed spaces and

ny.


BIPOLAR CELL 818 217 318 514 nerve cells,

responsible for transmitting signals from cones and rods to

retinal ganglion cells.


GANGLIOUS CELL 528 471 918 319 nerve cells

retinas that receive nerve signals from cones and rods.

check through bipolar cells and transmitting them to the brain

along the optic nerve, formed by their axons.


GLIAL CELL 498 378 019 481 auxiliary

cells of the nervous tissue. Apparently, they provide nutrition

nerve cells; according to some authors, also involved

in the formation of long-term memory.


CLIENT 398617 891319 a person who sought psycho-

logical assistance. This term is preferable to the term

"patient", emphasizing the state of illness.


CLIMATE 3918998980171 long-term statistical re-

weather conditions characteristic of a certain area due to its geography

physical position. In psychology, the term is used in a broader sense.

literally - metaphorically.


SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL CLIMATE

390619 001798 (moral and psychological climate; climate

psychological; psychological atmosphere) qualitative

the side of interpersonal relations, manifested in the form of joint

a set of psychological conditions that promote or pre-

hindering productive activity of joint and comprehensive

early development of personality in the group.


CLICHE 489617 318914 811 (behavioral cliche) superficial

stereotypical ways of behavior, stereotypical ways of interaction

actions.


COGNITIVISM 489061 918715 direction in psychology

(cognitivist approach; psychology: cognitive approach,

cognitive psychology, cognitive psychotherapy). Claims

that individuals are not simply machines that react mechanically.

ing on internal factors or external events; to the human mind

centuries, there is more available than the information coming in

from the outside. The cognitive approach is mainly aimed at

to understand how a person deciphers information

about reality and organizes it in order to make decisions.

or solve pressing problems.


"INVISIBLE COLLEGE" 319 041899 017 - association

scientists working in various institutions and communicating

among themselves through the use of personal contacts - oral and

written.


COLLECTIVE 328677 918421 a group of united communities

goals and objectives of people, achieved in the process of activity

joint high level of development.


COLLECTIVE: UNITY OF SUBJECT-VALUES

NOE 598 716 388901 Normative integration of individual

activities in a group, when each activity, being

functionally specific to the object or methods of its transformation

formation, and occupying hierarchically different places in the system

intra-group activity, mediated by a single value

the content of the subject of joint activity. Such unity

the most important component of the integration of a social group as

the aggregate subject of activity.


SCIENTIFIC TEAM: RESEARCH PROGRAM

TELSKAYA 378966 819716 918 (research program

scientific team) the basis and method of organizing individual-

dual and collective scientific activity, one of the key

of the concepts of psychology of the social scientific collective.

is born in a problematic situation, conditioned by the logic of the

developments in knowledge, scientific and social context and unique

the life path of a scientist. Contains categorical, theoretical

logical, operational, value-normative foundations

scientific activity, ideas about the projected result

those and strategies for achieving it, etc.


COLLECTIVISM 589061 918 712 as a personality trait

expresses the level of social development of a person, manifests

we are personally responsible for social progress, for

a team, in constant action for the benefit of society. Collect-

tivism is a principle of organizing relationships and activities

joint people, manifested in conscious submission to the individual

interests to public interests, in a comradely manner

cooperation, readiness for interaction and mutual assistance,

in mutual understanding, goodwill and tact, inte-

responsibly to each other's problems and needs.


COLLECTIVE FORMATION 588901 708961 8 stage

group formation, meaning the transition of a group in the course of joint-

socially valuable activities from low to high

level of development, and ultimately to the team.


COMA 498716388917 disturbance of consciousness,

characterized by a lack of response to external influences,

including painful stimuli. In this case, the pupils are dilated, re-

the action on light is not fixed. Often there are pathological

reflexes.


COMMUNICATION 491689 318712 1. A concept close to

the concept of communication, but expanded. This is a connection in which

there is an exchange of information between systems in living and non-

living nature.


MASS COMMUNICATION 518 555 948 71 system

mathematical distribution, using technical means

replication of specially prepared messages, pre-

of social significance, among the numerically large,

anonymous, dispersed audiences to influence

on people's attitudes, assessments, opinions and behavior. An important social

ational and political institution of modern society, performing

singing as a subsystem of a more complex communication system,

on a large scale performing the functions of ideological and

political influence, maintaining social community, or-

organization, information, education and entertainment. Com-

mass communication is characterized by an institutional character

sources and the delayed feedback between sources

and audiences.


COMPENSATION 528916 388 917 body reaction and

psyche, counteracting traumatic excitations

by removing active energy from all mental systems and

building of the corresponding energy filling around

injured elements.


COMPENSATION FUNCTIONAL 488716 318914

(compensation of functions) restoration of integral activity

sity, disrupted after the loss of certain elements from its structure

functions. Occurs either on the basis of preserved functions, or

due to the restructuring of partially impaired functions.


SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPETENCE

589 411 399 01 the ability of an individual to effectively interact

interact with people around you in a system of interpersonal relationships

ness. It is formed in the course of an individuals mastery of social systems.

and inclusion in joint activities.


COMPLEX 498764 388 91

1. Totality, combination

objects, actions, phenomena or properties that constitute a single entity

whole.

2. The unification of individual mental processes into a whole,

distinct from the sum of its elements.

3. A specific interpretation of the complex is given in psychoanalysis, where it is understood as a group of mental processes united by a single affect, formed on the basis of deep phylogenetic structures.


CASTRATION COMPLEX 489068719317 (com-

castration plexus) is a peculiar childhood reaction to the attributed

sexual intimidation or early infantile repression given to the father

sexual activity. Also - fear for the penis

boy, envy because of the girl's penis.


COURAGE COMPLEX 918617 399 814

a group of ideas formed mainly from feeling

envy, worthlessness and the girl's hope to ever find

be a penis and so become equal to a man. This sometimes represents

great difficulties in the development of femininity. If overcoming

complex fails, a “process” begins in spiritual life

denial": the girl refuses to acknowledge the fact of her "castra-

tions" and is firmly convinced that she has a penis and therefore is forced to

Dena behaves like a man.


INFERIORITY COMPLEX 498064 317 (com-

plex of insignificance) - leading to neurotic deviations

a psychopathological syndrome which consists of persistent

a person's confidence in his own inferiority as a person

nost.


REVIVAL COMPLEX 489064 319 the concept means

various positive emotional-motor reactions

the baby's reactions to the appearance of an adult, especially to the mother's voice,

her face, touch, or on beautiful toys, pleasant

sounds, etc. Expressed in freezing and visual concentration

on the object of perception, a smile, sounds emitted, movement

in full revival.


POLYCRATIC COMPLEX 491068 7143 a concept introduced

within the framework of classical psychoanalysis to explain the state

a person characterized by a feeling of anxiety that increases

as he reaches ever greater heights in life, and

conditioned by the reluctance to be noticed by "envious

"gods" and lose all the benefits achieved.


OEDIPUS COMPLEX 488661 010 89 (Oedipus complex,

Oedipus complex) is a concept introduced within the framework of psychoanalysis.

Liza classical, - immanent unconscious erotic

attraction of a child to a parent of the opposite sex and related

an aggressive feeling towards a parent of the same sex that he had with him. It arose

a complex of ideas and feelings that develops in early childhood,

property unconscious, consisting in sexual attraction

the boy's attraction to the parent of the opposite sex and the desire

to physically eliminate a parent of the same sex.


COMPLEX ELECTRICITY 914 668 504 31 the concept of psycho-

analysis of the classic. Unconscious erotic attraction

girls to their father and the associated negative attitudes towards their mother

ri.


COMPREHENSIVE 518477 39841 representing

a complex of something; covering a group of objects, phenomena,

processes, etc.


COMPROMISE 5948981 819 47 protective mechanism,

providing only partial realization of painful im-

pulses.


CONVERGENCE 319489481317 convergence of the axes of the viewer-

of both eyes on some object or one point in space

visual state.


CONVERSION 489716319 888 Formation of a new meaning

words: 1) either when it transitions to a new paradigm of word change-

: for example, “oven” is a noun, “bake” is a verb; 2) line-

because when it is used in a context other than the traditional one,

go. It is the reason for the emergence of semantic barriers in general

ni.


HYSTERICAL CONVERSION 489715128 somatic

resolution of unconscious conflict; a process in which

the affect that developed under pathogenic conditions was closed

a normal way out, why do these “pinched affects” find

abnormal expression (application), or remain as is-

sources of constant excitement, burdening mental life.


SPECIFICATION 48916171891 filling of the generalized-

go, a schematized image of a cognitive object

that or situations with particular, specific features, for

due to which it becomes possible to advance in the solution of the con-

specific tasks.


COMPETITION 558477 018 917 is one of the main forms

organization of interpersonal interaction, characteristic do-

achieving individual or group goals and interests in

in conditions of confrontation with those seeking the same goals and interests

resources by other individuals or groups. Usually differs

strong personal involvement, activation of the subject

actions, partial depersonalization of ideas about “pro-

"tivnik".


CONSTANTITY 51438891817 (constancy of perception-

tia) is a pattern of perception in which one can see

connection with the characteristics of the stimulus and psychophysiological

regularities. Relative stability, independence

perceived characteristics of objects when conditions change

perception. Allows to keep the properties of the object unchanged.

it doesn't matter from what distance, at what angle and

under what lighting they are perceived.


CONSTITUTION 514 81291876 (constitution of the body)

combines several groups of properties - morphological, biochemical-

matic, physiological, which in aggregate, but at

the leading influence of the properties of the nervous system, form the basis and

mechanism of temperament.


SEXUAL CONSTITUTION 518876 3184 type of sex-

the individual's organization, in the formation of which significant

a significant role belongs to the innate components of sexuality

ality. Diverse phenomena of normal and abnormal

behavior is largely determined by the type of constitution of the sex

vital.


PERSONALITY CONSTRUCTION 514889 316718891 created

the classification and evaluation standard adopted by the subject,

by means of which the understanding of objects in their similarity is realized

in relation to each other and in contrast to others.


CONSTRUCTIVISM 5194886191 cognitive development

it is the result of a gradual process consisting of a sequence of

stages. Trying to understand reality, the child

constantly faces new problems that destroy the already existing ones

established ideas. This advancement is determined

the combined effect of the maturation of the nervous system, experience

handling of various objects and factors such as language

and upbringing. It is hereditary and therefore inherent in everyone only

functioning of intelligence.


CONSULTATION 584716319814

1. Advice, explanation from a specialist on a certain issue.

2. One of the types of educational activities is a conversation between a teacher and students to expand and deepen their knowledge.

3. A meeting of experts on a certain issue.

4. Institution providing assistance to the population

advice from experts on some practical issues

or providing medical or health care

power.


PROFESSIONAL CONSULTATION 5847163 59481

a strategy of psychological assistance to an individual in choosing a pro-

profession and planning a professional career.


PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSULTING

7163489 488 101 form of providing practical psychological

assistance in the form of advice and recommendations - based on preliminary

a thorough study of the problems that concern clients, as well as a study of

studying the clients themselves and their relationships with others

people.


CONTACT PSYCHOLOGY 588 712989614 method of psycho-

therapy based on the theory of mind, in which all

interpersonal relations were derived from the relations of men

and women. In this method, the therapeutic effect is directed

was aimed primarily at realizing the clients ability to love

vi, often inhibited due to inadequacy and superficiality

contacts.


CONTAMINATION 489016 719 31 1. False reproduction

presentation of information, characterized by its unification in an image or

understanding of parts belonging to different objects. 2. Erroneous

the reproduction of words, consisting of the combination of syllables, related

to different words, into one word; for example, instead of words

"belok" and "scroll" are pronounced "beltok". Similar permutations

innovations can occur not only within words, but also during reproduction

maintaining word lists, where words from one list are played

are in another. Contamination is facilitated by semantic and phonetic

tical proximity of words. The basis of contamination is the phenomenon

interference of projective retroactive. In pathology

Contamination is observed in various memory disorders.


CONTEXT 489061 918 41 possessing a semantic completion

perfect oral or written speech that allows one to find out

the meaning and significance of the individual fragments that make up it

words, expressions or passages of text.


CONTENT - ANALYSIS 319488918 71 - in psychology - method

identification and evaluation of specific characteristics of texts and other

other information carriers, in which, according to the purposes of the research,

certain semantic units are distinguished in the sequence

holding and forms of information: psychological characteristics

characters of mass communication messages, types of inter-

interactions of people, genres of messages, etc. Then it is produced

systematic measurement of the frequency and volume of mentions of these unique

on the contrary, in a certain set of texts or other media

information. Content analysis allows us to identify individual

psychological characteristics of the communicator, audience,

communication and their interrelationships.


COUNTER-TRANSFER 489016 014 (countertransfer) not special

a known transference of the emotional attitude to the clients personality

the attitude of a psychotherapist or psychoanalyst towards significant loves for him

dyam.


CONTRAST 489 618 a sharply expressed opposite

ness.


VISUAL CONTRAST 48741 31948 visual

an assessment of the relative brightness or illumination of an object,

image or its color compared to the background.


CONTRAST BRIGHTNESS 491 214 718 212 ratio

brightness of visual stimuli in one field of perception during re-

solution of the discrimination task. The minimum contrast value

brightness for simultaneously perceived objects 1 2%,

for consistently perceived ones not less than 4%. When deciding-

research of practical problems related to recognition of stimuli,

The contrast range should be from 65 to 85%.


CONTROL 514 318 718 48 one of the relatively perfect

mechanisms of regulation of cognitive processes.


SOCIAL CONTROL 319 719 841 21145 system

ways of influencing the individual by society and social groups

to regulate its behavior and bring it into line with

generally accepted norms in this community. Serves to solve

dual task - achieving and maintaining stability

social system, an element of which is controlled

individual, and ensuring the positive development of this system-

We.


COGNITIVE CONTOUR 518914319 812 subjective

completion of a complete figure composed of separate fragments

cops.


CONFABULATION 498716319718 false memories,

observed in memory disorders.


BITTER CANDY 919 217819314 code name

one of the psychological and pedagogical experiments for children

preschool senior and school junior age.


CONFLICT 518716 319414 - collision opposite

directed goals, interests, positions, opinions or views

opponents or subjects of interaction.


CONFLICT: TYPOLOGY 5889617889061 As

two main motivations for activity are considered:

leniye: to achieve a favorable goal <Appetenz attraction> and

avoid an unfavorable situation <Aversion disgust>.


INTRAPERSONAL CONFLICT 519 588961 499 1

(intrapsychic conflict) as a rule the result of am-

bivalent aspirations of the subject. In psychoanalysis, the original

a constant and permanent form of collision of opposing principles

principles, drives, ambivalent aspirations and other things, in which

which expresses the contradictory nature of human nature. Con-

conflict can act, for example, as a form of interaction

contradictory impulses of the unconscious and conscious

It and the Super-I.


INTERGROUP CONFLICT 588961 531 8 in it in

the subjects are groups pursuing goals,

incompatible with the goals of the opposing group.


INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT 9 588961 481 noun

there are two forms of it - constructive and non-constructive. Non-

constructive interpersonal conflict occurs when one

of the opponents resorts to morally reprehensible methods

struggle, seeks to psychologically suppress the partner, discriminate-

taunting and humiliating him in the eyes of others. Constructive con-

interpersonal conflict occurs only when opponents do not come out

beyond the scope of business arguments and relationships. At the same time, they can

various behavioral strategies can be observed.


NEUROTIC CONFLICT 898 01731844 anti-

speech between a person and the parties of the action that are significant to him/her

reality, unproductively and irrationally resolved,

which is accompanied by the emergence of painful and distressing experiences

feelings of failure, unmet needs, unattainability

life goals, irreparable loss, etc. Violation

significant life relationships of a person, activated in

psychotraumatic situations.


ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT 588 418716 49

clash of opposing organizational forces

positions of individuals or groups regardless of each other's goals.

Usually occurs in a situation where you need to change your prin-

usual type of activity (innovation), move to new organiza-

national structures, conversion, etc.


PATHOGENIC CONFLICT 86 8961 419716 disease

a creative form of mental conflict, formed as a result

clashes between the drives of the ego and sexual drives

between the self and sexuality.


CONFLICT PRODUCTIVE 519 318 961 (conflict

constructive) - a conflict that has a positive effect on the structure,

the dynamics and effectiveness of social and psychological pro-

processes that serve as a source of self-improvement and self-

personal development.


MENTAL CONFLICT 519 688 8961318 permanent

element of mental life, characterized by continuous

a clash of drives, desires, mental systems and spheres

personality. When combining externally - forced refusals from


satisfaction of libido, the mental conflict becomes con-

pathogenic conflict.


ETHNIC CONFLICT 588961919 61 form of con-

intergroup conflict, when groups with conflicting interests

The republics are polarized along ethnic lines. Their source

are usually non-ethnic socio-political and

economic contradictions.


CONFLICT I | SUPER - I 491614 81 588961 (conflict I

and the I - ideal; the conflict of the I and the Super-I) is a form of reflection of the opposite

the ambiguities of the real and the mental, the external and internal worlds

go.


CONFORMITY 498617 91874 human compliance

real or imagined group pressure; manifested in

changing his behavior and attitudes in accordance with the original

initially not shared by the majority position.


CONFORMITY EXTERNAL 4 617 918897 481 (con-

public formality) - demonstrative submission to the imposed

the opinion of a group in order to gain approval or avoid

expect censure and possibly even harsher sanctions from

we have groups.


INTERNAL CONFORMITY 179174 890101 (con-

personal form) the actual transformation of the individual

ment attitudes as a result of internal acceptance of a position

surrounding, assessed as more reasonable and objective-

than one's own point of view.


CONCENTRATION 519688 01971 ability of processes

nervous to limit the scope of its distribution to the original

source of origin; a phenomenon opposite to irradiation.


CONCEPT 901 67180161 the content of some concept.


CONCEPT FIGURE 428917 0618901 class of scientific

representations schematized abstractions, such as geometric

ical figures, graphs of physical processes and dependencies,

structural forms of chemical substances and other representations

general, materialized in the image. The title is underlined-

reveals their figurative and conceptual nature.


CONCEPT 90167 89 0619 1. A system of views, a certain

understanding of phenomena, processes, etc. 2. Single, defining

the idea, the leading thought of a certain work, scientific work and

etc.


DETAILED DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS CONCEPT 90167819481

- ideas developed in cognitive psychology, - about

that stimulus recognition is achieved through the allocation of

its inherent simple features (lines, angles, curvature),

on the basis of which a holistic perception of the stimulus is constructed.


THE CONCEPT OF EXPRESSIVE MOVEMENTS

901 8954918048 the assumption that human movements

expressive are rudiments of instinctive actions

living beings associated with fighting, attacking, defending

offspring, etc.


DISPOSITIONAL CONCEPT 109817 61941899

a concept that characterizes the social behavior of an individual in

depending on the state of its readiness for a certain method

actions. Links the individual's readiness to behave in a given

social situation with the social conditions of the preceding

existing activities in which a sustainable

predisposition to the realization of certain needs

subject under appropriate conditions.


THE CONCEPT OF ACTIVITY-BASED MEDIATION

GO 498761 201891 (the concept of activity mediation

interpersonal relations) - special social - psychological

a logical concept that considers interpersonal relationships

are found in any sufficiently developed group as indirect

content and values of the activity.


THE CONCEPT OF PERSONAL RELATIONS 901 678

519801 a set of theoretical ideas, according to

which the psychological core of personality is individual

an integral system of its subjective-evaluative, conscious-

selective attitudes towards reality, which is

internalized experience of relationships with other people in

conditions of the social environment.


THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL IDEAS

671 901 8984701 is one of the “middle rank” theories aimed at

to identify trends in the functioning of everyday life structures

consciousness in modern society. The main idea of the concept

representations of social is contained in the following statement.

science: the mental structures of society are called upon to strengthen the psycho-

logical stability of a social subject (group or in-

divida) and orient his behavior in changing situations.

The subject of study is considered to be social reality, understood

May as a set of social representations, through

in which social relations are manifested in individual co-

knowledge.


PROGRAM-ROLE CONCEPT 67180 109 218

41 (programmatic role concept of the scientific team)

in relation to the scientific team the theory of collective activity

scientific significance, considered in three interrelated aspects-

takh: subject-logical, scientific-social and personal-

psychological. The unit of analysis of scientific activity is

a research program is underway that reflects the needs of the local

geeks of scientific development and implemented through the distribution of scientific

functions (roles) between members of the research team

sky.


THE CONCEPT OF INNER SPEECH 901 180161 8980128

a theoretical model of the genesis of internal speech from the so-called

egocentric speech, which is a conversation between a child and

to yourself out loud during play and other activities.


THE CONCEPT OF SELF-ORGANIZATION 01 671918 4 scientific

a new direction that arose on the basis of statistical physics, theo-

systems of general and cybernetics and studying the laws

the emergence of structure in nonequilibrium disordered systems

of the discovered elements. General principles of self-organization of the discovered

live in physical, chemical, biological and

social, and in highly organized systems they are

are expressed with the greatest fullness. In psychology, the concept of sa-

moorganization can extend to a wide range of volumes

ects from psychophysiology to social psychology.


STRATOMETRIC CONCEPT 7180161489

1. The concept of mediation of activity; 2. The concept of strat-

tometric collective - social - psychological theory

structuring of the team. Based on the assumption,

that the dynamics of interpersonal relationships in social groups

can only be adequately interpreted when considering many

level structure of group processes and determining the kha-

characteristics of levels of intragroup activity.


THE CONCEPT OF MOVEMENT CONSTRUCTION LEVELS

901 671161 8901219 a concept according to which under construction

movement is understood as the composition of the afferentation ensembles

involved in coordinating this movement, in the implementation

implementation of the required corrections and in ensuring adequate

re-encoding for effector impulses, as well as all the com-

the totality of systemic relationships between them.


THE CONCEPT OF FORMING A STAGE-BY-STAGE

901 0161 519061 (the concept of the stage-by-stage formation of mental

(actions) - the doctrine of complex multifaceted changes,

associated with the formation of new actions, images and

concepts.


CHORMIC CONCEPT 180161 8901791 (concept-

hormic) - according to which the driving force of individualization

nal and social behavior is a special innate

(instinctive) energy horme (gorme), which determines the character-

perception of objects, creating emotional arousal

ment and purposeful direction of mental and physical actions of the organ-

Nism.


THE CONCEPT OF SPECIFIC ENERGY 180161

8989 019 (the concept of specific energy of the sense organs)

the idea that the quality of a sensation depends on how

which sense organ is excited.


COOPERATION 0161 8989 01709 18 is one of the main

forms of organization of interpersonal interaction, characteristic

by combining the efforts of participants to achieve common goals

goals while simultaneously dividing functions between them,

lei and responsibilities.


COORDINATION 89019 880179 4901 coordination, combination

bringing into order, into conformity of concepts, actions,

components, etc.


COORDINATION RECIPROCAL 8801791 917 such

interaction of nerve centers, in which the excitation of one

of their centers leads to inhibition of others. Thus, when excited

neurons of the flexor muscles the activity of neurons is inhibited

extensor muscles; when the inspiratory center is excited, inhibition occurs

the exhalation center is activated.


SENSORYMOTOR COORDINATION 89019 8 901489 01

coordination of actions and interaction of the senses and

movements.


KORO 498716319 017 is an ethno-specific term meaning

syndrome that occurs in men and is accompanied by

a feeling as if the penis begins to be drawn into the abdominal cavity

loneliness, moreover, connected with the conviction that this should entail

death follows. Characterized by the emergence of neurotic fear

to the point of panic.


CORPORATION 598617988719 an organized group, ha-

characterized by isolation, maximum centralization and auto-

rhetoric of leadership, opposing itself to others

social communities on the basis of their narrowly individualistic

interests. Interpersonal relations in cooperation are based on

are surrounded by asocial, and often antisocial, values

orientations. Personalization of the individual in cooperation

tion occurs due to the depersonalization of other individuals.


CORRECTION 498 067 2914 correction of some shortcomings

stats, irregularities, not requiring fundamental changes

the process or phenomenon being corrected.


PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRECTION 988061 2914 31

(psychocorrection) is understood as an activity aimed at correcting

to the adjustment (correction) of those features of mental development,

which, according to the accepted system of criteria, do not correspond to the “op-

optimal" Model.


PRELIMINARY CORRECTION 891617 498 067 cor-

remedial actions included at the very beginning

movements and ensuring their error-free execution. When

mastering a new movement corrections preliminary replace

are secondary corrections, due to which changes are introduced into the movement

corrections were made when the movement was performed incorrectly. Due to

automation of preliminary corrections is being consolidated

the units of action of the subject and the release of conscious-

control for other purposes.


CORTICAL 918 8917 7015 associated with the cerebral cortex

head.


COEFFICIENT 499 718 801 1. In mathematics usually

a constant or known quantity that serves as a multiplier for

another, usually variable or unknown quantity. 2. In psi-

chology is often a certain numerical value reflecting the degree

the expression and development of a certain psychological quality

qualities, characteristics.


INTELLIGENCE COEFFICIENT

499 488 8017194 (IQ, IQ and

intellectual development (IQ) is a quantitative indicator of the development of

mental retardation - the ratio denoted by the symbol IQ

so-called age of mental retardation to true age

(chronological) VI of a given person according to the formula: VU / VI x

100% = IQ. Mental age is determined by the results of the test.

testing using one of the age scales of intelligence.


CREATIVITY 491817 3194 8 creative abilities

individual - the ability to generate unusual ideas, to deviate

from traditional patterns of thinking, quickly solve problems

situations. Characterized by a readiness to produce principles

of new ideas and is included in the structure of giftedness as an un-

dependent factor.


CRISIS 8914 871 418618 in psychology a state of mind

disorder caused by long-term dissatisfaction

yourself and your relationships with the outside world.


AGE CRISIS 14 871418918 special, relative-

relatively short (up to a year) periods of ontogenesis, characterized by

thorny by abrupt psychological changes. Unlike

crises of a neurotic or traumatic nature, related to

are related to the normative processes necessary for normal,

progressive course of personal development. There may be

when a person moves from one age stage to another,

are associated with systemic qualitative transformations in the sphere

his social relationships, activities and consciousness.


CRITERION 111888 9174819 a measure; a feature on the basis of which

what is being assessed, determined or classified

- either.


STATISTICAL CRITERION 891 4819 712 indicator

whether, combining calculation methods, a theoretical model

distributions and rules for deciding on plausibility

the null or one of the alternative hypotheses.


OPPONENT CIRCLE 8901 31849141 circle of other sign-

, the controversy with which regulates the activity of the creative

subject. Identifying the opponent's circle is an important condition

socio-psychological analysis of the dynamics of creativity, its

depending on interpersonal relationships.


CULT 919 618719811 worship of someone or

something or someone; reverence for someone or something.


PHALLIC CULT 91618 7143191 worship of men-

sexual organ - the phallus - as a symbol of fertility, life-

of unnatural power and other things in the religions and customs of some peoples.


CULTURE 91894219418

1. The totality of material and spiritual values created by society and characterizing a certain level of its development.

2. The level, degree of development achieved in a certain area of knowledge or activity: work culture, speech culture, etc.

3. The degree of social and mental development inherent in a certain person.


CULTURE: PSYCHOLOGICAL AREA 4219418

means of coercion and methods designed to reconcile people

with culture and reward them for the sacrifices they made.


CULTURE: STAGE 91894219418 81 4 there are three

stages of culture characterized by the development of the sexual instinct

go and sexual morality:

1) the stage at which the satisfaction of sexual feelings does not pursue the goal of reproduction;

2) the stage at which everything that does not serve the purpose of reproduction is suppressed;

3) the stage at which only legal reproduction is permitted

as a sexual goal.


_L_


LABILITY 498714 216 maximum number of pulses

owls, which is a nerve cell or functional structure of the muscle

can be transmitted per unit of time without distortion. In psychophysio-

differential lability is one of the main

properties of the nervous system, characterizing the rate of occurrence

initiation and termination of nervous processes.


LATA 5910691 988101 is an ethno-specific term meaning

syndrome, characterized by behavioral disturbances in extreme situations.

small situations: it unfolds according to a pattern of repetition

actions, phrases and gestures of other people (echolalia, echopraxia),

automatic execution of orders, stereotypical repetition

of individual phrases. This is happening against the background of a sharp increase in

arousal that causes hallucinations.


LATENT 491814 31916 hidden, not outwardly manifested

emerging.


LEFT-HANDEDNESS 521614 9187128 left-handed dominance

ki, which becomes the leading one primarily due to innate

the dominance of the right hemisphere of the brain.


LEFT-HANDEDNESS HIDDEN 614 91851481901 formed

left-handed people learn to use their right hand

as a presenter.


LEN 318 41791844 universal means of protection against

useless labor. Most often, it is a consequence of uncertainty in the purpose

whether its a lack of incentives or just years of fatigue.


TREATMENTPSYCHOANALYTICTYPE

519317819478 a set and sequence of classical

therapeutic procedures.


FALSEHOOD 9184117184 individual psychological

feature, expressed in a deliberate distortion of reality

the current state of affairs, in an effort to create an incorrect

impression of facts and events. Falsehood is contrary to general

human requirements arising from the need to have

correct understanding of society, of the actions of others

about life circumstances.


IMAGINARY FALSEHOOD 4117184 891618 a tendency to re-

the child to perceive events differently from what they actually are

le, but such as he would like. At the same time, the child fantasizes.

eet, identifying with other people, for example, with heroes

fairy tales. Often manifests itself in children aged 4-5 years; with age, usually

passes.


LIBIDO 5986179184 91 is a theoretical concept designed

explain the dynamics of mental life on the basis of an analogy with energy

gy as it is interpreted in physics. One of the key concepts

psychoanalysis.


LIBIDO: FIXATION 179184 98 218914 fixation of the li-

bido on this or that element; predisposing internal

factor in the etiology of neuroses.


LEADER 418914 318 718 a member of the group, behind whom all

the remaining members of the group recognize the right to accept responsibility

important decisions in situations that are important to her decisions that affect

their interests and determining the direction and character

activities of the entire group. The most authoritative person, really

playing a central role in organizing the activities of the so-

local and regulation of relationships within the group.


LEADERSHIP 318 788 914 6819 dominance relationships

and subordination, influence and following in the system of inter-relations

personal in the group.


LEADERSHIP: STYLE 91418718 519 (leadership style; style

management) - a typical system of management for a leader (manager)

methods of influencing followers (subordinates).


GAZE LINE 891489016718 the line connecting the pupil

eyes with a point of fixation of gaze on the object. With ergonomic

from the point of view of optimal observation, it is ensured by

with the gaze inclined 15 degrees downwards relative to the line,

parallel to the surface of the earth.


HYPOCRISY 489016 917 81 behavior that covers up

insincerity, malice with feigned sincerity,

virtue, supposedly good intentions.


CULTURAL HYPOCRISY 9016 917 489 1 special

a state of affairs supported by society because of its inherent sense of

feelings of insecurity and the need to protect one's obvious la-

the prohibition of criticism and discussion. It arises from the fact that

that society demands the realization of a high ideal of morality

from each of its members, without caring how much

It's hard to do.


PERSONALITY 498617 218191 317 a phenomenon of social

development, a specific living person, possessing consciousness and

self-awareness. The structure of personality is a holistic systemic image

formation, a set of socially significant mental properties,

relationships and actions of the individual, formed in the process of onto-

genesis and determining its behavior as the behavior of a conscious

subject of activity and communication. Personality is a self-regulating

a dynamic functional system continuously interacting

properties, relationships and actions interacting with each other,

developing in the process of human ontogenesis. Personality-

a self-propelled, self-developing system that is in the process of

All of its development comes to a higher level of its so-

knowledge.


PERSONALITY: ACTIVITY 8617191 317 912841 way-

the ability to make socially significant changes in the world

re on the basis of appropriation of material and spiritual wealth

culture. Manifested in creativity, acts of will and communication.

Its integral characteristic is an active life position.


PERSONALITY: MENTAL APPARATUS 617 2191 317217 91

consists of three spheres (regions) “three kingdoms”: Super-I, I and

It, as well as the systems of their interactions.


PERSONALITY: RESEARCH: METHOD 17 21817 788

a set of methods and techniques for studying psychological

manifestations of personality.


PERSONALITY: RESEARCH: STANDARD METHOD

ZIROVANNY 191 31897 91481 (SMIL standardized

method of personality research) created on the basis of a personality questionnaire

of the Minnesota multiphase system, taking into account the orientation towards

study of mental norm.


PERSONALITY: ORIENTATION 617191 317 8914 81 her

integral and generalized property. The set of stable

motives that guide the activity of the individual, relative

relatively independent of current situations. Characterized by in-

interests, inclinations, convictions and ideals of the individual,

expressing her worldview. It is expressed in harmony and

consistency of knowledge, relationships and dominant modes

behavior and actions of the individual. Manifested in the worldview

vision, spiritual needs and practical actions.


PERSONALITY: SENSORY ORGANIZATION

8817 218919481 level of psychophysical functioning

analyzer systems and individual features of their volume

unification into complexes. Associated with basal psychophysiological

ical properties of the organism, first of all with the type of higher

nervous activity and temperament; the level of thresholds of perception

acceptance is highlighted as one of the criteria for classification into one or another

different temperament, levels of development of sensitivity are set

ki for developing abilities.


PERSONALITY: DEVELOPMENT 218191 317 489 the process of formation

formation of personality as a social quality of an individual as a result

those of his socialization and upbringing. Possessing natural anatomical

mo-physiological prerequisites for the development of personality,

During socialization, the child enters into interaction with the world

rum, mastering the achievements of mankind. Formed in

In this process, abilities and functions are reproduced in the personality

historically formed human qualities. Mastery

reality in a child is realized in his activities

through adults, therefore the process of education is the leading one

development of personality.


PERSONALITY:DEVELOPMENTEPIGENETIC

172819117 519 continuous eight-stage development process

personality from infancy to old age, where each stage is special

alternative phase of solving age-related and situational problems

development.


PERSONALITY: SELF-DETERMINATION 191 317 989801719

a conscious act of identifying and asserting one's own position

in problematic situations. Its special forms are self-determination

collective and professional self-determination.


PERSONALITY: TYPE 8191 317 891 as the main criteria-

terii, by which people can be divided into certain types

py.


PERSONALITY: FORMATION 172181 9117 891 object-

a natural and logical process in which a person performs

acts not only as an object of influence, but also as a subject of activity

ity and communication.


PERSONALITY | CHARACTER 191317 498 014 (personality and cha-

character) - Briefly expressing the essence of the differences between personality and character-

character, we can say that character traits express how

the individual acts, and personality traits are what he acts for.

It is obvious that the behavior patterns and the direction of the individual

ties are relatively independent: by applying the same

there are many ways to achieve different goals and, conversely, to strive for

to achieve the same goal in different ways.


AUTHORITARIAN PERSONALITY 498617218 214 concept and

a concept that describes a special type of personality that is

the basis of totalitarian regimes. Characteristic: intolerance

freedom; thirst for self-affirmation and power; aggressiveness; ori-

orientation towards the authority of the leader, group and state; stereotyping

ness of thinking and conformism; hatred of the intelligentsia and

people of other ethnic groups, etc.


CRIMINAL PERSONALITY 218191 3178 (personality of the pre-

(stepnika) - in legal psychology - a set of psychological

logical properties characteristic of persons committing crimes

laziness.


REFERENCE PERSON 18191 381876 a person, especially

particularly significant and valuable to another as a role model.

It has a strong psychological effect on the one to whom it is referred.

serves as a source of basic values, norms, rules of conduct,

judgments and actions.


SELF-ACTUALIZING PERSONALITY 191 317 481901

(self-actualizing personality) - a person who has reached

level of self-actualization. It turns out to be special, not burdened-

with a multitude of minor vices such as envy, malice, cynicism and

other; not prone to depression, pessimism, selfishness, etc. Ta-

which person has high self-esteem, is tolerant of others,

independent of conventions, simple and democratic, has a sense of

with a sense of humor of a philosophical nature, prone to experience

"peak feelings" such as inspiration, etc.


DEPRIVATION 519488918 417 a condition introduced by

by virtue of the prohibition and arising from the prohibition.


LOGOS 319481919617819 is a term of ancient Greek philosophy.

Sophia, which denotes Cosmic Reason, Meaning, Word-

in, Law, Speech, the foundation of the world, its order and harmony. In Z. Frey-

Yes - a symbol of human reason.


LOGOTHERAPY 3196178198 916 one of the directions

psychotherapy - a psychotherapeutic strategy based on

the assumption that personality development is determined by the desire

towards the search for and realization of the meaning of life.


FALSE 319 814 71978 is a communication phenomenon consisting of an intention

a gross distortion of the actual state of affairs; more often than not,

it is expressed in the content of speech messages, immediate

verification of which is difficult or impossible. Represents

is a conscious product of speech activity, which has a purpose

I want to mislead the recipients (listeners).


DOVESIGHT 421 78806418 (biolocation) finding

digging with a special indicator of underground waters, ores,

voids, etc. A vine, a

wire frame, pendulum, etc.


LOCALIZATIONISM NARROW 318 614 818 9 neuropsi-

chological direction, in which psychological functions

were considered as unified, indivisible into constituent parts

psychic abilities realized through the work of a narrowly localized

lysed areas of the cerebral cortex.


LOCAL 489712698 01 local, specific to the data

a certain place; not going beyond certain limits, limited

ny.


LOCOMOTION 391 688 6054321 in animals locomotion

movement, active movement in space: crawling, walking,

running, climbing, swimming, flying, etc. Locomotion is a typical

measures rigidly programmed and fixed in the gene pool

innate motor coordination, which forms the basis

instinctive components of animal behavior.


LOCUS OF CONTROL 318491219 067 concept, character-

localizing the reasons by which the subject explains his own

nal behavior and the behavior of other people.


LOVE 888 412 1289018 High degree of emotional

a positive attitude that distinguishes its object from others.

others and placing it at the center of vital needs and in-

the subject's interests: love for the homeland, for the mother, for children, for music and

etc. Intense, tense and relatively stable feeling

the subject's ability to function physiologically determined by sexual desires

needs; expressed in a socially formed desire

to be as fully represented as possible by one's personalities

significant features in the life of another so that

to awaken in him the need for a reciprocal feeling of the same intensity

strength, tension and stability.


ETERNAL LOVE 888 912 818848 having a special feature

love in the form of the subject's awareness of the factor of being in a state of

ultimate love. Characterized by the decision to live and develop

forever and the possibility of implementing this on the basis of the fact that

eternal love is already objectively realized for the subject of eternal-

ness.


LOVE: VARIETY 888 12418 316019 dependent

various manifestations of love received from the object;

1) brotherly love (“love between equals”) is a fundamental type that forms the basis of all types of love;

2) motherly love;

3) erotic love;

4) self-love;

5) love for God.


LOVE: CONDITION 2 128901468 components of male-

type of choice of sexual object of love life, character-

has the following characteristics:

1) the “injured third” condition;

2) the condition of “love for a prostitute”;

3) attraction to women approaching the category of prostitutes as the most valuable objects of love;

4) a tendency to save his beloved, which is manifested in the fact that the man does not leave her, because he is convinced that his beloved needs him, and without him she can lose all moral support and sink to a low level.


LOVE INHIBITED 219888 412 1289018 from-

distinctive feature - inhibition in relation to the goal

love.


_M_


MASOCHISM 389 216 489 011 The concept means perversion

sexual, characterized by the connection of sexual satisfaction with obligation

intense experience of physical or mental suffering.

The masochist's sexual satisfaction is achieved through the use of

physical impact on him - bullying and other things from the side

partner's rony.


MACROPSIA 318419 614 717 subjective increase

perceived sizes of distant objects. Occurs when

damage to the parietal-occipital regions of the visual analyzer

but it is also observed in the norm when an individual makes efforts

to reduce eye accommodation.


MANIPULATION 489061 718 4 Manipulation and

manipulative problem solving provides particularly deep, diverse

figurative and essential information for mental development about

the subject components of the environment and the processes occurring in it

sugar.


MASKING 488 616 001 919 the process and the result of the action

an action intended to make someone or something un-

visible, invisible to anyone.


VISUAL CAMOUFLAGE 816 001 919 814 deterioration

recognition of stimulus features (actually perceived

object) when presented with another stimulus that can:

1) act simultaneously with the main one (simultaneous camouflage)

naya);

2) precede it (direct camouflage);

3) follow him (reverse camouflage).


MASCULINITY 5147 18 28 a complex of psychological

logical and characterological features, traditionally attributed to

men. These include strength, firmness, determination.

cruelty, etc.


MASCULINITY 51471828 (masculinity and femininity)

(nost) normative ideas about somatic, mental

logical and behavioral properties characteristic of men and

women; an element of sexual symbolism associated with differentiation

tation of gender roles. In the psychology of differential ma-

culinity and femininity are specific scientific constructs

you, associated with specific psychodiagnostic tests.


MASS 488 91801517 319 (psychological mass) message

a society of people where there is a libidinal attachment and to

leader, and between individuals. Sometimes called the mass

psychological. Masses differ from simple gatherings of people.

They are divided into natural masses and artificial masses.


MASS: LIBIDINOUS CONSTITUTION 80151739

319 (libidinal constitution of the mass, libidinal constitution

masses) - "primary mass", having a leader and not possessing

qualities of an individual, - a certain number of individuals who

made one and the same object their Super-Ego and therefore in their Ego

identified themselves among themselves.


HOMOGENEOUS MASS 517 319819495 01 masses of psycho-

logical, consisting of homogeneous individuals.


ARTIFICIAL MASS 1517 319 48 highly organ-

long-standing, established communities like the church, the war-

sko. Their formation and functioning is realized under certain

Thor violence.


MASTURBATION 0021421 (onanism) sexual self-gratification

satisfaction achieved through stimulation of erogenous zones or

psychological arousal when sexual fantasies

lead to the experience of orgasm without any manipulation.


MATRIX 819 319 06018 in mathematics rectangular

table of some mathematical objects: numbers, math-

logical expressions, etc. In psychology, the understanding of the term similarity

but, but instead of mathematical objects, some are implied

"psychological objects" - for example, tests.


PROGRESSIVE MATRIX RAVENA 06018914 318417

a battery of tests for diagnosing intelligence levels. Based

at work visual thinking by analogy.


EMOTIONAL MATRIX 819 3199813191 form

existence and expression of thoughts, reflecting genuine

feelings and beliefs and determining a person's actions.


MEDITATION 9188013210617 intense, penetrating

deep thinking, immersion of the mind in an object, idea, or pro-

which is achieved by concentrating on one object and

elimination of all factors that distract attention, both external

(sound, light), and internal (physical, emotional and other)

(goe tension). A method of mental training that takes

various forms depending on the cultural and historical

environment.


PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE 529 321 688 17

(psychosomatics) is a branch of medicine based on the

knowledge of an exclusive, predominant or special role

psychological factors in the occurrence, course and outcome of the disease

somatic disorders.


MELANCHOLIC 489614 318171 a subject possessing one-

him from the four main types of temperament (in the classification

Hippocrates). A person of melancholic temperament can be

characterize as easily vulnerable, prone to deep emotions

to survive even minor setbacks, but outwardly react sluggishly

affecting the environment. Characterized by a low level of mental

activity, slowness of movements, restraint of motor skills

ki and speech, rapid fatigue.


MELANCHOLY 614 318171 8914218 a painful condition

manifestation of a depressed mood, slowness of movement

desires and a difficult flow of thoughts.


WORKPLACE: INFORMATION FIELD

481816 719317 (information field of the human workplace-

operator) the subjective space of the human operator, where

key sources of signals about the activities performed during the course are placed

activities operations.


METAPSYCHOLOGY 8914819 3198714 psychology, description

which involves mental processes in a dynamic, topical and

economically.


META-SIMULATION 48181941 89 extension of existing

earlier than symptoms of the disease.


METHOD 919 411 819 311 (research method) 1. Reception,

method, course of action.


2. A method of cognition and research of natural and social phenomena

personal life; a way of practically implementing something.

A method of organizing activities that is justified by the normative

method of carrying out scientific research. The path of research-

arising from general theoretical ideas about the essence

the nature of the object being studied.


LIFE ANALYSIS METHOD 489316 718 444 (life analysis method

life paths; a method of joint analysis of life with the client

(the path) is one of the leading methods of correcting psychological

, is based on a joint analysis of the client's life path

and defining realistic life goals - without deep

working through emotional issues.


ASSOCIATIVE METHOD 398716 818 (associative method)

(tions of free) - a therapeutic technique of Freudian psycho-

analysis: during a therapeutic session the client is offered

freely express whatever comes to mind. It implies-

it is possible that the client, without realizing it, may “let it slip”

spontaneously pronounce words that will indicate the involuntarily arising

thoughts that are in his mind; the analysis of these thoughts and associations will indicate

the cause and source of his illness or anxiety.


BIOGRAPHICAL METHOD 488 712919316 in psychol-

gyi methods of research, diagnostics, correction and design

development of the individual's life path.


TWINS METHOD 391 614 818917 research strategy

vaniya is the most informative of the psychogenetic methods.

The method is based on the premise that environmental influences exerted

on twins, are approximately the same. Allows us to judge the influence

genetic and environmental factors on the studied psychological

quality, on the variability of the studied feature. Characteristic

Teren compares the psychological qualities of monozygotic twins

identical (monozygotic), having an identical set of genes, and di-

zygotic (fraternal), the genotypes of which are different and have

On average, only 50% of the genes are identical.


ACTIVE IMAGINATION METHOD 428 614 9187168

the main method of psychological correction in therapy by K.G. Yun-

ha. It involves the possibility of meeting and interacting with sym-

oxen of the unconscious.


GENEALOGICAL METHOD 918616 391711 applies

to psychogenetic methods. A study is being conducted of similarities

relations between relatives in different generations.


GENETIC METHOD 498061 718919 method of studying

mental phenomena in development, revealing their origin

and the laws of transformation in the course of development.


METHOD OF ADOPTED CHILDREN 808 417 318 psychogenetics-

ical method that allows us to judge the influence of genetic and

environmental factors on the variability of the studied trait by

establishing the similarity of an adopted child with his biological

between natural and adoptive parents. It is based on the comparative

the identification of similarities based on some psychological characteristic between

the child by biological parents, on the one hand, and the re-

the child and his adoptive parents, on the other.


GROUP DISCUSSION METHOD 418917 318919 (me-

(group discussion tod)

1. A method of organizing joint activities used in the practice of managing teams, aimed at intensive and productive solution of a group task.

2. A technique that allows, using a system logically

reasoned arguments, to influence opinions, positions and

attitudes of the participants in the discussion during direct communication

forgiveness.


METHOD OF DIFFERENTIAL SEMANTIC

8918 51981891 associative procedure one of the methods of

structures of subjective semantic spaces. Applies-

is used in studies related to human perception and behavior.

love, with an analysis of social attitudes and personal meanings

- in psychology and sociology, in the theory of mass communications

and advertising, as well as in aesthetics.


ZOOPSYCHOLOGICAL METHOD 489617 319818 918

(zoopsychology method) methods of studying animal behavior,

including observation and experiment.


MINIMUM CHANGE METHOD 898716319418

a method for determining the threshold of perception at which mo-

notonous step-by-step change in the magnitude of the active stimulus

inhabitant - until the point of origin is determined and

the point of disappearance of sensation.


PSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW METHOD 891617

318917 the main method of psychological correction. The main

attention is paid to the “shared emotion” that arises in therapy.

ical situation between the therapist and the client.


HISTORICAL METHOD 891 811 918716 method of studying

of mental phenomena in development, revealing their dependence

bridge from the historical conditions of people's lives.


CARDIOGRAM METHOD 889 317 48678 registration method

strations of the activity of the bioelectric muscle of the heart,

changeable in psychology for the analysis of vegetative shifts.


CATHRITICAL METHOD 499 818 906714 method of psycho-

therapy designed to treat certain types of psycho-

nervous diseases. Its main position is that

hysterics' symptoms depend on the scenes that shook them but were forgotten

from life.


COMPREHENSIVE METHOD 980491 716 318 is applied

as organizational. Here another basis is used for

selection of the method: for example, comparative or longitudinal methods

may or may not be complex. This means that the

the investigation can be carried out either within the framework of one science, or

as a comprehensive interdisciplinary study.


LONGITUDINAL METHOD 48871631944 (longitudinal method)

refers to organizational methods. It involves working with

by the same group of people - or with one person - reg-

examining them carefully and frequently enough over a long period of time.

time - development is monitored, a “longitudinal” analysis is carried out

"cut".


LURIA METHOD 498 71431871 a series of neuropsychological

methods used to diagnose local brain lesions

head of the concomitant mental disorders. Pre-

represent a set of test trials of various processes

cognitive, voluntary actions and personal characteristics

sti.


MYOGRAM METHOD 489617814312 registration method

bioelectric activity of the body's muscles to assess the intensity

the location, location and time parameters of muscle movement

- for example, to record hidden motor reactions.


METHOD OF OBSERVATION OF THE INCLUDED 498061 7189174

a method for studying social and psychological processes in

in small groups, and the experimenter himself participates in these processes.

mentor, observing both from the inside and from the outside at once.


METHOD OF OBJECTIVE OBSERVATION 489614 31842

a research strategy for capturing given characteristics

some process without interfering with its course. It can be oriented

be used to register behavioral acts and processes of fit-

ziological. As a rule, it is a preliminary stage

Before planning and conducting an experimental study,

talnogo.


OBJECTIVE METHOD 489614 918 8 analysis strategy

mental content, maximally oriented towards others.

of his subject (and not himself, as in introspectionism) and on

use of verifiable hypotheses. Refers to methods

organizational.


DESCRIPTIVE METHOD 498614 718 the research is conducted

the role of an observer: he never interferes with the observer.

the given phenomenon, limiting itself to the most objective possible

description of it.


SURVEY METHOD 219618 71481901 this includes: 1) be-

gray; 2) questionnaire; 3) interview.


ORGANIZATIONAL METHOD 498614 718 7819 here

include:

1) comparative method and the method of sections as its parts

case;

2) longitudinal method;

3) complex method;

4) subjective method and objective method.


EXPERT ASSESSMENT METHOD 491718 51431 (method

expert assessment, external expert assessment method) method

psychodiagnostics, based on the opinion of experts, is good

who know the phenomenon being assessed and are able to give it a reliable

assessment. It involves studying and summarizing the opinions of all

participating experts. Widely used in psychology of personality.

nost.


POLYEFFECTOR METHOD 9189181417418 4 is-

uses simultaneous recording of several reactions of the organ-

in response to the action of a stimulus. In this mode, more often

In total, the following psychophysiological indicators are recorded:

as a galvanic skin and cardiovascular response, bio-

brain potentials, tremor, myographic reactions, ha-

respiratory characteristics, arterial pressure.


POPULATION METHOD 319617 919 81 refers to

psychogenetic methods. Allows to study the distribution

individual genes or chromosomal abnormalities in human

populations. To analyze the genetic structure of a population,

a large group of people follows, which must be representative

representative to allow one to judge the population as a whole.

This method is also more informative when studying various

forms of hereditary pathology.


METHOD OF EVOKED POTENTIALS 498617 319 489

method of recording the bioelectrical activity of the brain

go, the changes of which are caused by external influences and

are recorded in relative temporal proximity to this potential

action. In particular, it is possible to investigate rhythmic oscillations

biopotential in response to an externally imposed rhythm of development

irritant. Based on the data obtained using this method,

Yes, hypotheses are being built about the mechanisms of perception, attention, in-

intelligence, about the asymmetry of the interhemispheric brain of the brain and

individual psychophysiological differentiation.


TRIAL AND ERROR METHOD 498617 319 type of learning

a way of developing new forms of behavior in problematic situations

I.


PROJECTIVE METHOD 319614819 8 one of the methods

personality research. Based on the identification of projections in the data

experimental results with their subsequent interpretation.


DICHOTIC LISTENING METHOD

448618 319 48 - a method designed to analyze attention

selective and asymmetry of the interhemispheric brain.

Characterized by the simultaneous presentation of various sounds

stimuli to the right and left ears.


POLAR PROFILE METHOD 4986179184 method

descriptions and evaluations of analyzed objects concepts,

social attitudes, social stereotypes and others with the help of

by the power of a set of bipolar scales, defined by opposition

eat adjectives, nouns or expanded statements

(for example, hard - soft, warm - cold, etc.).


PSYCHOGENETIC METHOD 498716 3194 methods,

allowing to determine the influence of hereditary factors and

environments for the formation of certain mental characteristics

person. These include:

1) the twin method is the most informative;

2) genealogical method;

3) population method;

4) the method of adopted children.


PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC METHOD 498617 3194 8178

- methods for identifying the measurement of individual characteristics

a base of procedures and techniques that have proven their effectiveness.


METHOD OF SEMANTIC RADICAL 498612 7194

one of the methods of objective semantics of experimental

definitions of semantic fields. Consists of the analysis of values

by isolating their associative fields. It is based on

the process of formation and transfer of conditioned reflexes for determining

determination of the semantic similarity of objects. As a criterion for the se-

the mantic proximity of objects uses the transfer of reaction

conditioned reflex from one object to another, with it semantic-

physically related.


METHOD OF REACTIONSKIN-GALVANIC

498617 3194 method for recording skin bioelectric activity

tricheskoy as an indicator of involuntary activity of the autonomic nervous system

ny. It is used to assess changes in the states of func-

nal, orienting and emotional reactions, differences

individual.


REFERENTOMETRIC METHOD 918716 319 48 (re-

ferentometry) is a methodical technique, a way of identifying refer-

rent of the group members for each individual included in it.

Contains two procedures. At the preliminary (auxiliary)

(noy) with the help of a questionnaire, positions (opinions,

assessments, attitudes) of each member of the group about a significant object,

event or person. The second procedure identifies persons, position

which, reflected in the questionnaire, represents the largest

greater interest for other subjects. All this forces the subjects to

intended to show high selectivity in relation to persons in

a group whose position is particularly relevant to him.


METHOD OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SELF-REGULATION

498612 719 481 a system of teaching methods aimed at

formation by the subject of internal means of self-management

states. It is customary to distinguish between different types of ta-

methods: neuromuscular relaxation, auto-training

genetic, ideomotor training, imaginative methods, me-

meditative methods, self-hypnosis. Training in methods especially

successfully in the conditions of specially organized cycles of classes.


BLIND METHOD 489317 889 41 involves eliminating

artifacts that distort the experiment, associated with the fact that

the subjects are to some extent aware of what is being investigated and what is

they are expected. However, the knowledge of this by the experimenters

can also have an effect. Therefore, the method of following has come into practice.

sing double, in which the influence of the named artifacts is eliminated

comrade


SOCIOMETRIC METHOD 498 051 618421 dia-

a gnostic method used to analyze interpersonal relationships

nostnye in groups of small. When it is applied before each

a member of the group asks a question, and when answering it, he makes a

leads to the sequential selection and ranking of other members

groups. Typically, questions are asked about the members of the group, the preferred

read in certain situations.


COMPARATIVE GENETIC METHOD 488 617 319

81 a research strategy used to study the

patterns of mental activity by comparing the quality

particularly special stages of its development.


COMPARATIVE METHOD 498 617 3198819 widely

is used in all areas of psychology. In psychology, comparative

is realized in the form of a comparison of the characteristics of the mental

ki features of the psyche at different stages of evolution. In this

psychology is embodied in the identification of psychological features

features of different nationalities. In age psychology, he

acts as a method of sections, which is opposed to me-

both are longitudinal. Both are aimed at determining the specific

mental developmental difficulties in connection with age but different

paths.


SECTIONAL METHOD 419 6173184 (cross-sectional method)

refers to organizational methods. Research of organizational

is like working with people of different age groups as if with

performing cuts at different age levels. When

a sufficient number of representatives of each group can be

to reveal generalized characteristics at each level and at this

based on which to trace the general trends of age development.


STATISTICAL METHOD 31947 819 448 in psychol-

gyi some methods of applied statistics, mathematical,

used mainly for processing experimental data

nykh. The main purpose of the application is to increase the validity

conclusions in research through the use of probability logic

nost and probabilistic models.


SUBJECTIVE METHOD 498617 818 911 assumes,

that the object with which the psychologist interacts is

he himself is both an observer and an observed, an experimenter and

subject. Most often, this method is associated with the concept of in-

trospection or self-observation. This involves turning

psychologist to his inner experience, an attempt to capture the changes

problems in their own mental life in various

conditions.


SCALING METHOD 219317 419 18 methods that ensure

preserving the use of quantitative indicators for assessing

ki attitudes of subjects to certain objects, as

which can be physical or social processes.

There are a number of methods for scaling subjective

methods characterized by certain rules according to which

numerical values are assigned to certain qualities of the object

ects. Within the framework of classical psychophysics, the following methods are used:

mean errors; minimum change method; irritation method

permanent residents.


EXPERIMENTAL METHOD 498614319 819

may seem similar to the method of introspection, but

has significant differences: 1) not a sample is taken for the experiment

a specialist experienced in self-observation, and a “naive” observer

the tester, and the less he knows psychology, the better; 2) from the tester

what is required is not an analytical report, but the most ordinary one

perceived, - in the terms that he uses everywhere

daytime.


ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL METHOD

817319 41849808 methods for analysis of the activity of organic sys-

system based on the registration of biopotentials, the change of which

can occur spontaneously or in response to a stimulus

external. In this case, the brain's biocurrents are analyzed with

with the help of the encephalogram and potentials evoked by muscles - with

with the help of a myogram; skin with the help of a skin reaction

galvanic; heart - using a cardiogram.


ENCEPHALOGRAM METHOD 519617 3194 80817 method

registration of bioelectrical activity of the brain

different areas of the scalp surface. It is used for analysis

changes in brain activity in certain experimental

situations. Based on data on physiological processes,

hypotheses are built about the work of various mental processes.

skikh, - about perception, attention, thinking, memory, emotions,

movement, speech and self-regulation. Moreover, due to the existence of

of stable individual characteristics of the encephalogram

This method can be used in differential psychology

and psychophysiology.


METHOD 319418614 3

1. A set of techniques, methods of teaching something, methods of purposeful implementation of some work, process, or practical implementation of something. Technical techniques for implementing a method with the purpose of clarifying or verifying knowledge about the object being studied.

2. The specific embodiment of the method is the developed method of organizing

of interaction between the subject and the object of research based on

specific material and specific procedure.

3. Science of teaching methods.


METHOD OF PAIR ASSOCIATIONS 519 314 819 8

a method of studying memory in which, after memorization,

subjects are given a list of pairs of stimuli (meaningless syllables, words,

pictures, etc.) he is given a task: upon subsequent presentations

in the statements of each first member of the pair, reproduce the second member.


UNCONSCIOUS METHOD 498617 919 016 methods aimed at identifying unconscious reactions,

for example, projective techniques.


BLANK METHOD 489614 314 81 a method where

subjects are asked a series of judgments or questions, on which

which he must answer - in writing or orally; while

a special form is filled out where these answers are recorded li-

either by the subjects themselves or by the interviewer. According to these answers

judge the psychological qualities of the subject. Widely disseminated

the dissemination of such methods and practical interest in them

is explained by the simplicity of their development and processing of results.


METHOD OF PARTIAL REPRODUCTION

419712 81914 a technique for studying iconic memory.

It is characterized by the fact that the subject receives instructions to reproduce

to provide only part of the information presented in a short

time. An indication of which part exactly should be played,

is performed by a light or sound signal, which gives-

with some delay after the presentation of the material for the

memories. Using this technique, it was shown that pa-

The iconic memory can store a very large amount of information.

mations, but only for a very limited time.


EFFECTIVE METHOD 488714 318617 methods,

where the subject is given the task of completing a certain set of tasks

practical actions, the nature of which leads to a conclusion about

the peculiarities of his psychology.


SUPPLEMENTATION METHOD 428614 319 81718 group

methods related to projective methods. These include-

sya: unfinished sentences, unfinished stories, test as-

Jung's sociability.


METHODOLOGY OF STUDYING CREATIVITY PRODUCTS

491 818 81789 a group of methods related to the methods of

ective. These include: the human figure drawing test, the test

Koch tree drawing, house drawing test, finger drawing, etc.


EXPRESSION STUDY METHODOLOGY 498614 818 9

a group of techniques related to projective techniques. To it

include: handwriting analysis, analysis of speech communication features

go, Mira-y-Lopez myokinetic technique.


INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUE 498619 3197 group of me-

techniques related to projective methods. These include:

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Ro- frustration test

Zenzweig, Szondi test.


CATAHRSIS METHOD 519 617 319 8198 method group

dick, related to projective methods. These include:

psychodrama, projective play;


QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY 498612 718 19 methods,

based on a qualitative analysis of experimental data

, and the diagnosed property is described in terms of

known scientific concepts. They do not allow the application of measures and

methods of quantitative processing of results, to judge the level

development of the diagnosed properties and directly show the cause-

relationships between the variables under study.


QUANTITATIVE METHOD 519617 3194 5 method

wilds based on quantitative analysis of experimental data

data. Allows the use of quantitative measures and mea-

methods of quantitative processing of results, evaluate diagnostics

the property being measured according to the degree of its development relative to others

people.


DESIGN TECHNIQUE 519614 819 1 group

methods related to projective methods. These include-

sya: MAPS, peace test and its various modifications.


MYOKINETIC METHOD OF MIRA-I-LOPEZ

498 617 89801948719 one of the projective methods, related-

belongs to the group of methods for studying expression.


MULTIDIMENSIONAL METHOD 519614319 818 methods,

characterized by the fact that they are intended for diagnostics and evaluation

several similar or different types of psychological problems at once

qualities.


MONOMERIC METHOD 89742198 (monomeric method

(measured) - methods that are characterized by the fact that they diagnose or

evaluate a single quality or property.


OBJECTIVE METHOD 891871 808916 methods,

using indicators independent of consciousness or desire

of the subject and the experimenter. An example would be the

, including the analysis of physiological or reflexive

indicators or practical results of the activities of the

subject, where the subjectivity of assessments is reduced to a minimum.


METHODOBJECTIVE-MANIPULATIVE

988 614071 21931 a method where the tasks solved by the subjects

are offered in the form of real objects that you will have to deal with

it is to make something: to assemble from given materials, to make,

disassemble, etc.


SURVEY METHODOLOGY 9188 701418317 methods, in which

where the subject is asked oral questions,

and his answers are noted and processed.


PETERSON METHOD 912816318 714 procedure

to determine the impact of information storage time on the pro-

duration and quality of memorization - in the absence of the possibility

the possibility of repetition. It consists in the fact that after the presentation

providing the subject with the material to be memorized,

It is proposed to solve additional issues over a period of time

task, which prevents the repetition of the memorized material

ala.


PRODUCTIVE METHOD 8901 617 488 methods,

using some kind of their own creative product

the subject - verbal, figurative, material - spontaneously

created or reproduced according to the instructions.


PROJECTIVE METHOD 814 319 818 has a significant

tive possibilities in the study of individuality

personality; allows, indirectly modeling certain life

situations and relationships, explore personal formations,

protruding directly or in the form of various installations, such as

“meaningful experiences”, “personal meanings” and others, in which

which also show bias in personal reflection

mental.


PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC METHOD 8901 617 917

318 are used to make a psychological diagnosis.

These include the following types of methods: methods

blank; objective-manipulative technique; technique

questionnaire; projective technique; drawing technique.


FIGURE METHOD 489 061 719 317809 method-

ki, using thematic drawings created by the subjects

of a given or arbitrary nature. Sometimes used

the method of interpreting ready-made, standard images by subjects

expressions.


SENSORY METHOD 914 788901 909 methods,

presenting test material in the form of physical stimuli,

directly addressed to the senses.


CONSCIOUS METHOD 898 31489101 methods,

addressed to the consciousness of the subject (for example, questionnaires). Their

The advantage is that they allow us to judge the psychological

the subject's gyi directly - on the basis of what he himself or

People who know him talk about him.


CONJUGATE-MOTOR METHOD 498016 316 481

a method for studying human affective reactions. In contrast,

which from the methods of recording symptoms of affective reactions

through changes in vegetative functions (respiration, arterial

pressure, pulse, etc.), allows us to study the reflection of these

reactions in speech and motor processes.


SOCIOMETRIC METHOD 489612 8906 819 in

The basis is the principle of choosing a partner for joint actions.

The person elected by the largest number of group members,

has high status; not chosen by any of them low status.

However, this technique does not allow us to determine the causes and content

the essence of certain relationships, their core is motivational.


DOUBLE STIMULATION METHOD 891016 3194

a technique for studying the process of concept formation. It uses

use two sets of incentives, the first of which performs

the function of the object to which the subject's activity is directed

the given one, and the second one is the function of signs with the help of which this activity

activity is organized.


STRUCTURING METHODOLOGY 51948 719 81 group-

of methods related to projective methods. These include

are: Rorschach inkblot test, cloud test, 3D projection test

Noah.


SUBJECTIVE METHOD 319617 819 48 methods,

using data that depends on the desires and consciousness of the subject

of the experimenter or the experimenter - related to their internal

experience and dependent on it. A classic example is the methods,

based on introspection and inferences made on the basis of intuition.

tions and inner experience.


TECHNICAL METHOD 518617 918489 methods,

giving the subject test material in the form of audio recordings,

video recordings and films, as well as through other technical means

devices.


APPROVING METHOD 318915 614 081 method-

wilds that offer certain judgments or statements with which

which the subject must agree or disagree.


PHYSIOLOGICAL METHOD 489614 319 018 me-

methods where diagnostics are made on the basis of analysis of non-producible

voluntary physical or physiological reactions of the body

subject.


METHODOLOGY 489618 31914

1. The doctrine of the scientific method of cognition, and more broadly of methods of cognition in general.

2. A set of methods used in a certain science, field of knowledge. A system of principles and methods of organizing and constructing theoretical and practical activities. It is embodied in the organization and regulation of all types of human activity. In general, the methodology determines the principles that a person should be guided by in his activities.


METHODOLOGY SPECIFIC SCIENTIFIC 97618 31914 819

develops the same problems as the methodology of general scientific

nal, but within the framework of specific sciences, based on the characteristics of the volume

ect of science, - in relation to both theory and empirical activity-

activities. This is carried out within the framework of knowledge systems created

scientific schools that differ from others in their explanations

principles and methods of research and practical

Czech work.


GENERAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY 489617 31948 to it

attempts to develop universal principles include

means and forms of scientific knowledge, correlated, at least potentially

cially, not with any specific science, but applicable to the wider

a wide range of sciences, while remaining, in contrast to methodology,

philosophical, within the framework of scientific knowledge itself, is not expanded

reaching a common worldview level. This includes,

for example, the concepts of systems scientific analysis, structural-

level approach, cybernetic principles of description of complex

systems, etc. At this level, general pro-

problems of constructing scientific research, methods of implementation

theoretical and empirical activities, in particular

general problems of constructing an experiment, observation and modeling

lization.


PROTECTIVE MECHANISM 519318 914 913 (protection mechanism)

shields) - automatic unconscious me-

mechanisms that ensure the protection of the mental personality. These include

include: sublimation, substitution, repression, regression, pro-

ction, rationalization, reactive education, identification

and behavioral recording.


IDENTIFICATION MECHANISM 489614 718 8918 provides

transmits “personal” experience indirectly through personal

example, “infection”, imitation.


MECHANISM UNCONSCIOUS 519 614319 810

(unconscious mechanisms of conscious actions) - here

The following subclasses are included:

1) unconscious automatisms;

2) unconscious attitudes;

3) accompaniment of unconscious conscious actions.


ROLE ACQUISITION MECHANISM 319618 719 801 (mechanism

acceptance and mastery of social roles) is in many ways similar to

identification mechanism, but is distinguished by a much greater

generalization, often the lack of personalization of the mastered

standard. It is described using the concepts of the position of the social

nal and social roles.


TARGET CONVERSION MECHANISM 489617 019 317 (me-

mechanism of transformation of a goal into a motive) the same as the mechanism of shift

motive.


CONGENITAL LAUNCHING MECHANISM

489061 718 8194 so that instinctive behavior can be

to appear, not only an external stimulating situation is needed, but

and certain internal factors in the form of needs or

motivations. As a result of this combination, the impression is created that

as if the animal reacts specifically to some specific

situation at a certain moment. Such a correspondence between

the type of irritation and the type of reaction suggested the idea of the existence of

the existence of some mechanism capable of deciding which name to give

but from the forms of behavior inherent to the animal, it follows that

to roll in a specific case. This mechanism, inherent in this

in the form and built into the brain, and was named the trigger mechanism.

congenital. It is believed that such mechanisms in

In most cases, they control the behavior of many species.


MECHANISM OF MOTIVE SHIFT 519 584 318 2188 (mechanics-

the mechanism of shifting the motive to the goal; the mechanism of turning the goal into a mo-

tive) is a mechanism for the formation of motives outlined in the theory of activity.

ity. Its essence is that the goal, previously motivated to be realized,

the existence of some motive, over time it acquires independence

motivating force itself becomes a motive.

the process of shifting the motive is subject to the general rule: the object,

an idea, a goal that has been saturated with positive energy for a long time and consistently

emotions, turns into an independent motive. So

there is a shift of motive to the goal, in other words, the goal acquires

status of the motive. This mechanism operates at all stages of development

personalities, only with age do those main ones change and become more complex

motives of communication that saturate with positive emotions

actions mastered by the states, because as we grow, the sta-

the circle of social contacts and connections is renewed.


DREAM 489614 319 8 a necessary condition for transformation

reality, motivating cause, motive of activity,

the final completion of which was delayed; especially

a form of imagination localized in a sufficiently remote

future and uniting ideas about high life

qualities. Plans for the future, manifested in the imagination of the subject and

fulfilling needs and interests that are important to him.


DREAMING 917 481 81931 special internal activity

a form which the imagination often takes;

is in creating a mental image of the desired future.


MYSOPHOBIA 489016 319 78 a type of neurosis, characteristic of pa-

tological fear of pollution.


MICROPSIA 319317 918 49 subjective decrease

perceived sizes of distant objects. Can be

be caused by damage to the parietal-occipital areas of the analysis-

visual torus.


MICROSOCIUM 219 487 3194 the immediate environment of the

a persons social environment is his family, relatives, friends, comrades, acquaintances.

friends, acquaintances, neighbors, work colleagues.


FAMILIES 819417 919 321 a set of movements of parts

faces expressing the state of the subject or his attitude to the

accepted. Peculiar facial expressions are also characteristic of the highest

animals.


MYOGRAM 489317 3194 recording of electrical activity

skeletal muscle function, performed using a special

device - myograph (electromyograph).


MYOGRAPHY 519617 319 471214 research method

functional state of muscles by recording their bio-

potentials.


PERSONAL WORLD 49514 894181987 31948 completely sub-

an objective system of opinions, beliefs, ideas, desires and needs

the individual's behavior that guides his external

world and determine its perceptions. It is a stable

configuration of affective reactions and social attitudes,

which is imposed on all life situations and gives

uniqueness to all perception and behavior of the individual.


WORLDVIEW 594317 81498 a system of views on the

the objective world and the place of man in it, on man's attitude to

the reality surrounding him and himself, as well as

the basic life positions of people determined by these views

dey, their beliefs, ideals, principles of knowledge and activity,

value orientations. As a subject of the worldview of the re-

social group and personality act as a single entity. Worldview-

the core of social and individual consciousness. This is a reflection of

understanding, general understanding of the world, man, society and value

attitude towards them, determining the socio-political, financial

losophical, atheistic or religious, moral, es-

the theoretical and scientific orientation of a person.



MYTH 59861731914 arising in the early stages of history

a unique form of worldview embodied in legends and

narratives. Myth is the step by which an individual

The individual emerges from mass psychology.


MNEMONICS 9186173148 (mnemonics) a system of diff-

personal techniques that make memorization easier and increase

memory capacity by forming additional associations.


MNEMOTECHNIQUE 591867 3914 a system of special

techniques used to facilitate memorization. The essence of mnemonics

memorization techniques - in that the memorized

information is somehow understood and structured.


PUBLIC OPINION 59867181948 expressed in

the form of certain judgments, ideas and representations of relations

the involvement of social groups in social phenomena or problems

life, affecting common interests. It arises as a product

awareness of urgent social problems that require solutions

and is manifested in the comparison or even collision of different

views and positions on the issue under discussion, - in the approved

support, or denial, condemnation of certain actions

actions, deeds or lines of behavior.


MODALITY 59867181914 89 is one of the main

properties of sensations, their qualitative characteristics: color - in

vision, tone and timbre in hearing, the nature of the smell in the sense of smell, etc.

Modal characteristics of sensations, as opposed to their other

characteristics (spatial, temporal, intensity-

), reflect the properties of reality in a specifically encoded

bath (the wavelength of light is reflected as color, often

and sound waves - such as tone, etc.).


MODELING 319 488 5194 in psychology research

the development of mental processes and states with the help of their real-

physical or ideal, primarily mathematical

models. Here, a model is understood as a system of objects or


194



signs, reproducing certain essential properties of the system-

original.


PSYCHOLOGICAL MODELING 59867126801

1. Construction of models of the course of some psychological processes

processes in order to formally test their functionality.

2. Recreation of mental activity in laboratory conditions

for studying its structure. It is carried out by pre-

presenting the subject with various means that can

be included in the structure of activities. As such means

among other things, various simulators and models are used,

diagrams, maps, video material.


MODEL 58867191814 diagram, image or description

some natural or social, natural or

an artificial process, phenomenon or object.


INFORMATION MODEL 48871631918 in ergonomic

mike - a set organized according to certain rules

information about the control object, the technical device itself

and the external environment. They are needed in situations where the operator

it is necessary to evaluate the progress of production activities, describe

focusing not so much on directly observable properties

component of the ergatic system, how much on the properties measured-

measured by instrumental methods.


CONCEPTUAL MODEL 598642 31914 80 understand-

tie used in engineering psychology. It means a system

the human operator's ideas about the goals of his activities, about

the state of the controlled object and the methods of influencing it.


IMAGINARY-CONCEPTUAL MODEL 519 64891814

a set of operators ideas about the real and predicted

the controlled state of the object of activity and the system of erratic

in general, as well as about the goals and methods of implementing their activities

sti.


MODEL / FILTRATION 4986173191418 (model with filter-

(tradition) is one of the first concepts of selective attention.


Assumes limited system capacity

processing of sensory information received in parallel

several channels. At a certain stage of processing, a certain

the signal is in the center of attention, which determines the name-

but its transmission through a selective filter into a channel with a limited

with a given capacity, operating between stages

detection and recognition of signals. Due to this filter,

the movement of information from short-term memory to

long-term.


MODIFICATION 2198163181901 modification, transformation

the formation of something, usually characterized by the appearance of new

properties.


BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION 59867131919 Suggested

a method of re-

regulation of social behavior. It was used first as

clinical method of psychotherapy for the treatment of neuroses, then

began to be applied to mentally healthy people for

development of mechanical habits that ensure adaptation

to living conditions that are unacceptable for them.


BRAIN 314 218 318 818 the central part of the nervous system

humans and animals, the main organ of the psyche. In vertebrates

animals and humans are anatomically distinguished by the spinal cord (in

spinal canal) and the brain (in the cranium). The brain

covered by three membranes - hard, arachnoid and vascular.

The brain tissue of the brain consists of gray matter (a cluster of nerve

cells) and white (a cluster of predominantly nerve processes)

(cells) of the substance.


BRAIN: BIORYTHM 598614 81931 (brain biorhythms) is one of

types of background, spontaneous, electrical activity of the human brain

of humans and animals. Biorhythm is a regular or rhythmic

activity characterized by prolonged repetition of a particular

waves with a slight variation in their repetition frequency.


BRAIN 814 729 318 818 part of the nervous system

noah, enclosed in a cranium and consisting of the brain

large, cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata.

BRAIN: CORTEX 918 617 619 017 (cerebral cortex

brain) - the upper layer of the cerebral hemispheres, consisting of

primarily from nerve cells with a vertical orientation

(pyramidal cells), as well as from bundles of afferent (central-

rapid) and efferent (centrifugal) nerve fibers

con. In neuroanatomical terms, it is characterized by the presence of a horizontal

layers of steel, differing in width, density, shape and

the size of the nerve cells that comprise them.


BRAIN: FUNCTION: LATERALIZATION

498 614 719 816 (literalization of brain functions) pro-

the process of redistribution of mental functions between the left and

the right hemispheres of the brain, occurring in the ontogene-

neze.


ANCIENT BRAIN 519 614 319 817 (reptilian brain) group-

of the nervous structures that form the "lower floor" of the human

brain; corresponds to the first stage of development of the brain of the brain

phylogeny up to reptiles.


MEDULLA OBLONGATA 214 713 914 819 continued

spinal cord in the cranial cavity.


SPINAL CORD 314 218 814 719 is divided into four parts

cases: cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral, as well as on

segments (there are 31-33 segments in total). Continued

spinal cord in the cranial cavity - the medulla oblongata.


TIME MOMENT 489317918 14 time confusion

the importance of some processes of sexual development in childhood

growth, which Z. Freud associated with premature maturation.

with grace.


MONOSPECT 498 814 31941 a unifying term

to denote introspection and extraspection in a certain

sense - as observations of external events, their registration-

tion, which at the same time is a registration of ones own sensations

observer, - and as observations of ones own internal

mental states.


MONOTONY 819617 3194 functional state of the person

love, arising from monotonous, repetitive activities

sti. Characterized by a decrease in tone and susceptibility, weakening

loss of conscious control, deterioration of attention and memory,

stereotyping of actions, the emergence of a feeling of boredom, sweating

increased interest in work.


MONOPHOBIA 498617 918 48 pathological fear of being alone

nights.


MORALITY 549317 61914 morality, a set of norms

and principles of individual behavior in relation to society and

other people, is one of the main forms of social consciousness.

nia.


MORALITY AUTONOMOUS 528641 3184 the rules of which

are set by the person himself and can be changed by him.


HETERONOMICAL MORALITY 528641 31817 rules of which

swarm is produced by other people and which this indi-

the species considers obligatory and "sacred".


MORATORIUM 89161731814 deferment of execution of some

loose obligations. In psychology, the term is usually understood in a dis-

expansively metaphorical.


MENTAL MORATORIUM 49861731818 crisis

the period between adolescence and adulthood during which a person

multidimensional complex processes of acquisition occur

adult identity and a new attitude towards the world.


MORITA THERAPY 319481 61914 a method of psychotherapy,

created on the basis of the principles of Zen Buddhism using

psychological effects of sensory deprivation. Initially

but was focused on the treatment of such an ethno-specific disease

mental illnesses of the Japanese, such as shinkeishitsu (neurotic

complex with elements of neurasthenia, hypochondria, obsessive-

vosti). The main goal of the method is for the client to achieve not just

well-being, but a change in the way of life itself.


MORTIDO 9189180418417 4184 attraction to death, attraction

aggressiveness and its energy; one of the most significant mo-

tives of mental life.


BRIDGE OF VAROLIEV 498 617 319 148 department of the nervous system

central, lying above the medulla oblongata. Contains

contains numerous centers responsible for complex reflexes.

sy.


MOTIV 428 617 319 18

1. Motivations for activity associated with the satisfaction of the needs of the subject; a set of external or internal conditions that cause the activity of the subject and determine its direction;

2. An object, material or ideal, the achievement of which is the meaning of the activity, which motivates and determines the choice of the direction of the activity for the sake of which it is performed;

3. The conscious reason underlying the choice of actions and deeds of an individual.


LEADING MOTIVE 519 716 9919 the main, basic motive

incentive that encourages some activity in the event of its political

motivation.


POWER MOTIVE 591648 319181 a stable personality trait

nost, expressing the subject's need to possess power

over other people - the desire to dominate, to command-

to manage, to control.


ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVE 489617 31998 (achievement motive

success) the need to achieve success in various kinds of activities

activity, especially in situations of competition with other people.

mi. A stable motivational personality trait. Opposite to

false motive of avoiding failure.


AVOIDANCE MOTIVE 5986193191 (avoidance motive of failure)

chi) - the desire in any situation to act in such a way as to

avoid failure, especially if the results of the activity are

accepted and valued by other people. Sustainable motivation

vational personality trait. Opposite to the motive of achievement.

success.


UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVE 49861431971 these motives

significantly more than those realized, and up to a certain point

Rasta almost all motives are unconscious.

In essence, this is a special activity that has its own motive

self-knowledge and moral self-improvement. Motives

the unconscious still appears in consciousness, but in special forms.

max. There are at least two of them: emotions and personal meanings.


CONSCIOUS MOTIVE 5219317 818 14 (motive-goal)

examples of such are big life goals that guide de-

activity over long periods of life. These are the motives

goals. Their existence is characteristic of a mature personality.

PROSOCIAL MOTIVE 41861731814 motive of the story

a desire to do something that contains an expressed and conscious desire to do something

good.


MOTIVE-STIMULUS 498688 71918 secondary motives,

motivating to some activity in case of its polymotive-

vation. They do not so much “launch” as complement

effectively stimulate this activity.


MOTIVATION 48864131811 it consists of incentives,

causing the activity of the organism and determining its direction

mentality. Conscious or unconscious mental factors.

factors that motivate an individual to perform certain actions

actions and determining their direction and goals. In a broad

In this sense, the term is used in all areas of psychology,

the following reasons and mechanisms of goal-directed behavior

humans and animals.


INTERNAL MOTIVATION 42168171919 motivation,

which motivates the individual to take action in order to improve his

a state of confidence and independence, as opposed to external

in relation to it goals.




MOTIVATION ACHIEVEMENT 598614319 19 (motivation

achieving success) is one of the types of motivation for action

activity associated with the individual's need to achieve success.

hov and avoid failures; striving for success in various fields

activities. It is based on emotional experiences,

associated with social acceptance of the successes achieved by individuals

view.


MOTIVATION 289174218 319 rational explanation

the subject of the causes of action by indicating the social

circumstances acceptable to him and his reference group,

that prompted the choice of this action. Differs from the actual

motives of behavior and acts as one of the forms of special

knowledge of these motives.


MOTOR SKILLS 598 611 819 318 motor activity.

INTERNAL MOTOR 598 611 918 688 concept for

designations of programs acquired in a person's past experience

to perform motor actions.


COURAGE 5986819 06888914 personal quality,

expressed in the ability to act decisively and expediently

but in a difficult or dangerous situation, control impulses

strong impulses, to overcome possible feelings of fear and reluctance

confidence in the ability to mobilize all forces to achieve

goals. Its highest manifestation is heroism.


THOUGHT 928 688 714316 the basic unit, the “molecule”

thinking. Thoughts express the process of understanding the world, other

other people and himself. The basis of thought is the reflection of such

fundamental features of phenomena, such as their similarity and relatedness

ity in time and space, etc.


THINKING 8 9888 418 704 319 is one of the highest manifestations

mental processes, the process of activity of the cognitive individual

species, the process of modeling non-random relationships of external

world, characterized by a generalized and mediated reflection

reality; this is the analysis, synthesis, generalization of conditions and requirements

problems of the problem being solved and the methods for solving it. In this con-

In a discontinuous process, discrete mental operations are formed,

which thinking generates, but to which it cannot be reduced. Mouse-

ment as a process is inextricably linked with thinking as an activity

personality traits motivation, abilities, etc.


THINKING: SYNCRETISM 8418 704 31991 character-

sticism of logically undeveloped thinking, expressed in the classi-

the definition of objects and phenomena defined by a certain concept

eat, in heterogeneous, logically inconsistent or even

incompatible characteristics.


UGLY THINKING 8 704 319 814 617 concept

means thinking free from sensory elements of cognition

- images of perception, ideas and speech constructs

tions.


VISUAL THINKING8 9888 418912 a way of creativity

solving problems in terms of figurative modeling

ation. The basis of visual thinking is thinking

visual-active and visual-figurative thinking, where

the comparison of actions of the subject-practical and sensory-

external actions are formed by the practical properties of objects

perceptual actions.


DISCURSIVE THINKING 8 18 704 319 316 form

a thinking strategy that results in

successive enumeration of various options for solving a problem,

most often on the basis of coherent logical reasoning, where each

the next step is conditioned by the results of the previous ones. Often

discursive thinking is opposed to intuitive thinking

tive.


PRE-OPERATIVE THINKING 4319 894171

stage of development of a child's intellect from 2 to 7 years. Characteristic

the beginning of the formation of the symbolic function, which allows

allows us to distinguish between the signified and the signifier and serves as the basis

of the representational plan. Initially as a means of designation

the child uses delayed imitation, play symbol, drawing

a clue, a mental image, speech constructions. Due to this, he

can mentally dismember an object and put it together from parts.


INTUITIVE THINKING8 9888 418 4 319 289 one

of the types of thinking. Characterized by the speed of flow, the absence of

by clearly defined stages, little awareness. Often

Intuitive thinking is opposed to discursive thinking.

gray.


COMPREHENSIVE THINKING 8788 418 704 319 understanding

to indicate the stage in the development of the child's concepts,

between syncretisms and true concepts. Formed

complexes are characterized by empirical generalizations based on

perceived relationships between objects.


VISUAL-ACTIVE THINKING 598 418 704

319 is one of the types of thinking, characterized by the fact that the solution

tasks are carried out by means of real, physical transformation

of the situation, testing the properties of objects; a form of thinking,

woven into the real manipulation of objects and services

primarily addressing practical issues.


VISUAL-IMAGINATIVE THINKING 8 418 704 319

one of the types of thinking is thinking based on

modeling and resolution of a problematic situation in terms of

representations. Associated with the representation of situations and changes

in them. With its help, all the multi-

the diversity of various factual characteristics of an object, because the formation

ze can simultaneously fix the vision of an object with

how many points of view.


PRACTICAL THINKING8 3219 918 614 788 one

of the types of thinking, usually compared with theoretical thinking

tic: thinking in which problem solving is realized in

external practical activity. Associated with the setting of goals

ley, development of plans and projects and is often deployed at

lack of time, which sometimes makes it even more difficult than a mouse.

theoretical thinking. In contrast to theoretical thinking

The goal here is not to develop new methodological

means that can be transferred to fundamentally different situations

tions.


PRALOGICAL THINKING8 499 418 704 319

concept for characterizing the thinking of representatives of pre-civilization

of cultural societies, as if fundamentally different from the thought-

logical development of modern people, - to designate the early

stage of development of thinking, when the formation of its basic lo-

The laws of causality are not yet complete: the existence of causal

the causal relationships have already been realized, but their essence appears in

mystified form. Phenomena are related by the sign

causes and effects, and when they simply coincide in time.


VERBAL-LOGICAL THINKING8 528 9888 418

704 is one of the types of thinking, characterized by the use of

concepts, logical constructions. It functions on the basis of linguistic

of the means and represents the latest stage of the historical and

ontogenetic development of thinking. In its structure, the formation

various types of generalizations are formed and function.


CREATIVE THINKING 8 888 468 704 319 one of

types of thinking, characterized by the creation of something subjectively new

product and new formations in the course of the cognitive activity itself.

for its creation. These new formations concern the motivation-

vations, goals, assessments and meanings.


THEORETICAL THINKING 18 70 4 319 8 one of

types of thinking, usually contrasted with thinking

practical. Aimed at discovering the laws and properties of objects

etc. As an example, we can name fundamental scientific

research.


MU-RHYTHM 9181114 319 7 biorhythm recorded in the region

Rolandic gyrus of the cerebral cortex, changes in the co-

which are associated only with the influence of kinesthetic stimuli

skikh. When performing any movements, the mu-rhythm is always blocked.

is being circulated. In frequency and amplitude it is similar to the alpha rhythm.


_N_


OBSERVATION 289317 498611 ability,

manifested in the ability to notice essential, characteristic,

even the most subtle properties of objects and phenomena. It suggests

curiosity, inquisitiveness and is acquired in life

experience. Its development is an important task of forming an attitude towards

cognitive and adequate perception of reality.


OBSERVATION 8916918 906 781

1. Studying the world at the level of sensory knowledge, purposeful and conscious.

Perception of a certain process with the aim of identifying its invariants

signs without active involvement in the process itself. In the ob-

personality traits of perception, establishment,

innovations, personality orientation.


SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION 898618 718 067

with it, attention should be focused on one specific thing

in a given act of behavior in order to describe as accurately as possible exactly

its characteristics, the study of which is devoted to this research

giving.


STANDARDIZED OBSERVATION 498 681 719 4

observation of human behavior for scientific purposes

in the presence of a certain observation scheme, which reflects what,

what should be observed, how to conduct the observation and how

present its results.


SKILL 989 061 719 41 (automated action, auto-

secondary cognition) is an action formed by repetition.

characterized by a high degree of development and the absence of

elemental conscious regulation and control.


SKILL: FORMATION: MECHANISM 512 618 718911

During the development of a skill, many specific phases are distinguished,

united into more general periods.

1. The first period is the initial acquaintance with movement and initial mastery of it. 2. The second period is the period of automation of movement. Here, the complete transfer of individual components of movement or the entire movement as a whole to the background levels occurs.


MOTOR SKILL 488 718 499016 automation

oriented effects on an external object using movements in

for the purposes of its transformation, which has been carried out many times before.


SKILL INTELLECTUAL 4890 16 319 14 automatic

Tized techniques, methods of solving previously encountered

mental task.


PERCEPTIVE SKILL 899 716 30917 automated

bathed sensory reflections of the properties and characteristics of good

familiar objects that have been perceived many times before.


OBSESSION 988061 78806 characteristics of phenomena and

mental processes, meaning that they are not subject to control

knowledge, their commission against one's will, often in spite of

restraining efforts of the subject (according to the "Dictionary of Russian

language" by S.I. Ozhegov, the word "obsessive" means, in addition to

what, “intruded into consciousness against ones will, persistent”).

Obsession as a psychological phenomenon manifests itself in

in quite a few different forms.


HOPE 489061 719 88 0618 emotional experience

a feeling that arises when a subject expects something desired

events; reflects the anticipated probability of its actual occurrence

implementation. It is formed as a result of knowledge of the causes,

catching expected events, or on the basis of subjective

emotional experience accumulated in similar situations in

past. Predicting possible developments, hope

plays the role of an internal regulator of activity, helping

the subject to determine its consequences and appropriateness.


RELIABILITY 3178 719 88 0618 is one of the most important charac-

The characteristics of psychodiagnostic methods and tests are one of

criteria of their quality, related to the accuracy of measurements of psycho-

logical. Reflects the accuracy of measuring psychological and

stability of results to the influence of external factors.

The higher the reliability of a test or method, the more relatively

freer from measurement errors.


SUPERCONSCIOUS 891614 318 911 not amenable

individual conscious-volitional control of the level of psi-

chemical activity of the individual in solving creative problems.


INTENTION 519314 819 4 a conscious desire to-

to carry out an action in accordance with the planned program,

aimed at achieving the expected result.


MENTAL TENSION 591 419 mental

a state of mind caused by the anticipation of unfavorable

development of events. Accompanied by a sense of common

discomfort, anxiety, sometimes fear. Unlike anxiety,

includes the readiness to take control of the situation, to act in

her in a certain way.


DRUG ANALYSIS 489 316 71 therapeutic direction,

method and technique of modified psychoanalysis performed

against the background of the action of drugs that promote operational

establishing transfer and overcoming client resistance;

This ensures acceleration and increased efficiency

the psychoanalytic session and the entire treatment.


DRUG ADDICTION 518 712618 44 pathological attraction to

drug use; a disease that occurs

as a result of the use of drugs that cause in small doses

euphoria, and in large ones - stupefaction, drug-induced sleep. Ha-

characterized by an irresistible urge to take drugs,

caused by addiction, which occurs with systematic use

drug use; a tendency towards an increase in the use of

doses, the formation of withdrawal syndrome - with poor self-

feelings in the absence of drugs; with mental and physical

dependence.


ATTENTION DISORDER 498 611 01931 painful

disorders observed to varying degrees during fatigue and during

organic lesions of the brain - primarily the lobes

frontal. Characterized by inadequate changes in directionality

the intensity and selectivity of activities, coordination of individual

actions. They can manifest themselves in a narrowing of the attention span, its

instability - distractibility by secondary stimuli.


PERSONALITY DISORDER 519361 819 41 systemic

behavioral disorders - primarily social - are characteristic

for various mental illnesses and local lesions

brain of the brain.


THINKING DISORDER 599 788 319 418 disorders

in the performance of intellectual operations, due to differences

personal mental illnesses, local lesions-

brain diseases and anomalies in mental development.


SENSORY DISORDER 596 714918 41 this includes

deafness, hearing loss, blindness, and low vision occur.


SENSORY REMOTE DISORDER

596 714918 48 this includes low vision, classified as

objects located at a distance beyond physical vision.

or at another time interval.


PHANTOM VIOLATION 489317 918 4 false

sensations - pain, itching, anemia, cramps, etc. - from the outside

a non-existent body part - for example, after amputation of a limb

nost. They can take on an obsessive, burdensome character.


NARCISSISM 988 061 319 48 (narcissism) condition and

orientation of libido towards the ego. Normal stage of sexual development

tia. One of the distinctive features of neurotics is a delay in this

stages of psychosexual development.


NARCISSISM: IMPACT 8061 319 48 91 (three blows to a person)

(human narcissism) In the process of development of science, human-

My pride was dealt three crushing blows:

1) Copernicus's "cosmological blow";

2) Darwin's "biological strike";

3) “psychological blow” the most sensitive;

inflicted by psychoanalytic theory, which has proven the unconditional

the primacy of the unconscious over consciousness and the leading role of the insomniac

of significant mental processes in the organization of life-

style and behavior.


SECONDARY NARCISSISM 8 061 319 48 the term means

expecting the phenomenon of repeated narcissism, which arises as a result of

the effect of the direction of the libido from the It to the I. It was interpreted as a desire

ment directed at the Self as a result of “identification”.


COMPENSATORY VIOLENCE 498 688 319 4 violence,

serving an impotent, life-deprived person in the

a change in productive activity and a way to take revenge on life.


REACTIVE VIOLENCE 598611 819 48 violence manifested

taken in defense of life, liberty, dignity and property.

So this form of violence “stands in the service of life” and has the goal

preservation.


PLEASURE 519411 819 14 is one of the positive souls

of feelings, in some way associated with a decrease,

a decrease or extinction of the number of differences present in the soul

irritating.


ULTIMATE PLEASURE 519411 819 148 ultimate

satisfaction from "sexual activity" accompanied by

secretion of sexual secretions.


COPROPHIC PLEASURE 819 317 918 14

childhood pleasures associated with defecation.


PRELIMINARY ENJOYMENT 719411 819 181

pleasure from the stimulation of erogenous zones, preceding

sexual intercourse.


PERSISTENCE 498114 319 8 personal volitional quality

quality, characterized by the ability to overcome external and internal

early obstacles - aimed at the unswerving, in spite of

difficulties and obstacles, achieving the goal.


MOOD 898 716 31944 comparatively long-term

stable, mental states of moderate or mild intensity

intensity, manifested as positive or negative

negative emotional background of the mental life of an individual.

Characterized by diffusion, the absence of a clear conscious approach

binding to certain objects or processes, and sufficient

stability, which allows us to consider mood as a separate

indicator of temperament.


PUBLIC MOOD 598 716 31944 (mood

(mass) - the prevailing state of feelings and minds of those

or other social groups in a certain period of time. Not

not only the most widespread phenomenon of social psychology, but also

one of the most significant forces that motivates people to act

activities that have an impact on the behavior of various groups and

strata of society, as well as classes, nations and even peoples. Manifest-

is present in all spheres of social activity.


OPERATIONAL SETUP 598411 69814 preparation

to perform an action under given conditions, respectively

which presets precision, tempo, tension,

stability, duration, method and style of the upcoming

activities. During the operational setup, preparation takes place

training of the body's neurodynamic systems.


SCIENCE 528 716 319 81 Field of activity, main

whose function is to develop knowledge about the world, to systematize it,

on the basis of which it is possible to construct an image of the world - a scientific map

type of the world, and ways of interacting with the world - scientifically substantiated

bathroom practice.


SCIENCE: CLASSIFICATION 716 319 81 88 9 in a word

"science" also refers to individual branches of scientific knowledge,

mutually differing in a number of essential characteristics.

First of all, sciences differ in their object (from the object

science should be distinguished by its subject: science: object; science: pre-

met). The main scientific objects are: nature (or-

organic and inorganic), and man (society and thinking).

According to this, natural sciences and humanities are distinguished.

tar; the latter are further subdivided into social sciences and

philosophical sciences. Thus, three main sections of scientific

knowledge three complexes of sciences. In addition to these three main dif-

There are still large sections of the business that stand out - at the junction of the main ones.

Other ways of distinguishing sciences are also possible. Thus, it is customary to distinguish

dividing them into fundamental sciences and applied sciences. In

In all these schemes psychology takes its place. The connection between psycho-

logy with the natural sciences is quite obvious - especially with

biological. Scientific psychology is characterized by borrowing

the application of some general biological theoretical principles

to substantiate the laws of mental development.


SCIENCE: OBJECT 528 716 31819 88 that side of the action

activity, the study of which this science is aimed. Often

the object is fixed in the very name of the science. But since no-

what science is unable to describe its object exhaustively and

comprehensively, she is forced to limit the scope of her interests,

refusing to study certain aspects of their subject.


SCIENCE: RATIONALISTIC APPROACH 8 716 319

819 goes back at least to Plato; later bright

representatives are Descartes, Kant and Hegel. He believes that any do-

True knowledge can only come from reason, and only reason

must play a major role in explaining the facts and in ontology-

in the logical plane, and in the planes of knowledge or action. The best

a way to formulate a problem and try to find a solution

The search consists of finding logical arguments. As a result, the pro-

For many centuries there has been debate about what should be instead of

to observe what exists in reality.


SCIENCE: EMPIRICAL APPROACH 5928 7176 3149 881

formed the basis of experimentation. It places the main emphasis on

experience and thus differs radically from the rationalist approach.

stic.


SCIENCE: SUBJECT 5328 716 3919 881 that side or side-

rons, how the object of science is represented in it. If the object is

exists independently of science, then the subject is formed together with

it and is fixed in its conceptual system. The subject is not fixed

of all sides of the object, although it may include what is in

the object is absent, In a certain sense, the development of science is

development of its subject.


HUMANITIES SCIENCE 716 3179 81 its object is

man steps - human society and thinking. Sciences

The humanities are divided into social sciences and physical sciences.

losophical.


NATURAL SCIENCE 91528 716 319 81 its object

nature, organic and inorganic, appears.

APPLIED SCIENCE 428 716 319 81 518 applied

are considered sciences oriented towards practical application

knowledge obtained in fundamental sciences; they serve

directly to the needs of society.


FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCE 8529 716 319 81989 (science

pure) - fundamental sciences are those that explore the world

regardless of the possibility of practical use

knowledge received.


LEARNING 847136 3919 512 the process and result of acquisition

shadows of individual experience.


VERBAL LEARNING 7136 39129 5192 learning

through verbal influences: instructions, explanations, descriptions

and so on, without resorting to specific objective actions,

to operant conditioning or conditioned reflex.


VICARRY LEARNING 936 39819 512 learning through

direct observation of sensory images and

by imitating them.


OPERANT LEARNING 498614 318 12 type of learning,

occurring due to the spontaneous generation of a multitude by the subject

signs of different reactions to the same situation or

stimulus - with subsequent consolidation of only those that have an effect

are considered the most successful in terms of the effect obtained.


SOCIAL LEARNING 3919 512 498611 term

means the acquisition by the organism of new forms of reactions through

observation of the behavior of other living beings and imitation

to him.


CONDITIONAL-REFLECTIVE LEARNING

747136 918 417 41 a type of learning that occurs through the expression of

reactions to new stimuli by the reflex mechanism

conditional.


NEURASTHENIA 4815421181 one of the types of neuroses, mo-

likely to arise as a result of overexertion or trauma

infections (in children).


NEUROSIS 48154211 is a group of the most common borderline

of neuropsychiatric disorders, psychogenic in origin

kind, but not caused by psychotic states. The emergence

cabins based on unproductive and irrational resolution

neurotic conflict, which is laid mainly in

childhood, in conditions of disturbed relationships with the micro-environment

social, first of all with parents.


NEUROSIS: CAUSE 948154211 neurosis occurs where

the transition from straight to slow in the sense was not entirely successful

goals of sexual primary impulses; this corresponds to the con-

conflict between the primary impulses absorbed by the I, which

went through such a development, and particles of the same urges that from

repressed unconscious spheres strive for direct satisfaction

satisfaction. The cause of neurosis occurs when two

main components:

1) inherited predisposition to good-

due to the fixation of libido as a result of inherited sexual

constitution and the prehistoric experiences associated with it, and

also infantile experience;

2) accidental traumatic experience.


NEUROSIS: REMISSION SPONTANEOUS 4815421108 (spon-

(spontaneous remission of neuroses) is a process of spontaneous pre-

property from internal causes - reduction and weakening

painful manifestations of neuroses.


NEUROSIS ACTUAL 4815421129 a group of disorders,

manifested as immediate somatic consequences

sexual dysfunctions.


NEUROSIS GREAT 481542116 (the “great neuroses” of our-

time) are the most widespread and significant forms of modern

temporary neuroses, which include:

1) attachment neurosis the search for love and approval at any cost; 2) power neurosis the pursuit of power, prestige and possession; 3) submissive neurosis

automatic conformism;

4) neuroisolation escape from society.


HYSTERICAL NEUROSIS 548154211 a form of neurosis, characterized by

characterized by various clinical symptoms. Often manifested

occurs in the form of convulsive seizures, astasia-abasia, hysteria-

cial deafness, blindness, mutism and vegetative-visceral

disorders. This feature is especially characteristic of hysterical

experiences, such as shallowness, demonstrativeness and situational

tive conditioning. Especially characteristic of hysterical children is

enuresis, stuttering, and anorexia may occur.


CLINICAL NEUROSIS 481 54 21 191 is one of the main

forms of neuropsychiatric disorders. The reason for them is so

so-called neurotic conflict, activated in the psy-

traumatic situations. Organic changes in the brain go-

most often absent. Three main ones are distinguished

forms of clinical neuroses: neurasthenia, hysteria and neurosis

obsessiveness.


OBSESSIVE COMPULSION NEUROSIS 4815421148 (neurosis of states

obsessive; neurosis of compulsion) is one of the types of neuroses,

the likelihood of which is especially high in people with three

important, rigid, suspicious character. In addition to the general

neurotic symptoms (irritability, increased

fatigue, sleep disturbances, autonomic disorders)

is the presence of increased anxiety and depression in the subject

dark mood, various content of obsessive thoughts

memories, movements and actions, as well as fears (most often all-

in the form of phobias - such as cardiophobia, cancerophobia, fear

redness), felt as alien and forced to repeat

rying;


OBSESSIVE COMPULSION NEUROSIS COLLECTIVE 481542113

- one of its forms is religion.


NARCISSIST NEUROSIS 148154211 their distinctive features

The main feature is the fixation of libido in the early phases, preceding

phases of hysteria or obsessive-compulsive neurosis, and its direction

ity on the I, increasing the level of ambivalence of feelings.

The characteristic feature of these neuroses is the active participation of the ego in the origin

symptoms of the disease and their correspondence to the conflict between the Ego and the Super-

I.


NEUROSIS NOOGENIC 64815421 neuroses generated

loss of the meaning of life.


TRANSFERENCE NEUROSIS 5481542119 general designation

three forms of neuroses: fear hysteria, conversion hysteria and

obsessive-compulsive disorder. Their origin is explained by conflict-

and the struggle between sexual desires and the instincts of preservation,

conflict between the demands of sexuality and the ego, or

conflict between the I and the Id. Transference neuroses are characteristic

attempts to protect the self from sexuality and in this regard there is a re-

the result of a conflict between the ego and the libidinal attachment to

object. These neuroses are their own subject of psy-

choanalysis.


FEAR NEUROSIS 6848154211 a form of neurosis that

develops in response to mental trauma and in which certain

the main symptom is the presence of fear of freedom, (syn-

core of fear). In this case, the feeling of fear is either unlocalized, or

bo is associated with a specific organ of the body or a specific situation

tion (for example, fear of heights, enclosed spaces). The most

The usual cause of anxiety neurosis is frustrated excitation.

libidinal arousal is caused, but not satisfied.

is, and the unsatisfied libido directly turns into fear.


NEUROSIS TRAUMATIC 4815421171 diseases,

occurring as a result of mechanical action, mechanical

trauma. Under certain circumstances, I can be

interested in the emergence and existence of such a neurosis as

a beneficial form of protection from danger.


NEUROSIS UNIVERSAL 48 154 21161 general, “number

"lective" neurosis with various functions. These include

a religion is carried that effectively protects personal from danger.

neurosis.


EXPERIMENTAL NEUROSIS 3148 154211 causes

produced in animals under special physiological conditions

experimental condition characterized by behavioral disturbance

adaptive, the impossibility of developing new and non-working

the removal of old conditioned reflexes, refusal to eat, vegetative-

disorders and sleep disturbances. As a model of clinical

neuroses in humans, it is used to study the mechanical

bases of higher nervous activity.


NEUROTICISM 598 154211 (neuroticism) is a condition characterized by

thorny emotional instability, anxiety, low self-

respect, vegetative disorders. Neuroticism should not be

it is not to be identified with neurosis, since neurotic symptoms

can be detected by a healthy person. Neuroticism is usually due to

measured using special scales or personality questionnaires

nostnye.


NEUROTIC 54811 319 4 a person under the influence of

as a result of neurosis, a disadvantaged personality, poorly adaptable

to the external environment, reality; dominant behavior - reactions

emotional-instinctive. This is explained by the predominance

the pleasure principle over the reality principle. Figuratively,

A neurotic is a person who stands in his own way.


NEUROTIC: SEXUAL ATTRACTION 64811 319 48

Characterized by the presence of various variations of normal sexual

life and the expression of painful forms.


NEGATIVISM 519 448 9184 unmotivated behavior,

manifested in actions deliberately contrary to the requirements

the ideas and expectations of other individuals or social groups.

Reluctance to be influenced by other people due to

not by the logic of performing one's own tasks, but by the negative

attitude. It is caused by the action of psychological defense.

in response to influences that contradict the meanings of the internal

him the subject.


CHILDREN'S NEGATIVISM 448 918479 a form of communication of children

a child in which he tries to defend the rights of his personality

themes of counteracting the demands of others. It may manifest

to be stubborn, rude, and withdrawn.


INDEPENDENCE 598 511 an alternative to conformity and

negativism - independent development and defense of one's own

position. Does not exclude the solidarity of the individual with the group.

sing, but not under pressure, but on the basis of conscious consent with

her.


NEUROLINGUISTICS 564317 90961 branch of science, according to

boundary for psychology, neurology and linguistics, studying

understanding the brain mechanisms of speech activity and changes in

speech processes that occur with local lesions

brain of the brain.


NEURON 814 317 914 917 a nerve cell with all its

sprouts - the basic structural unit of the nervous system.

consists of a body, branching processes - dendrites and a long

sprout - axon, as well as terminal apparatus - synapses. The main

The main function of a neuron is excitation spread along the axo-

well, in the form of short-term electrical signals - impulses

nervous.


NEURON DETECTOR 814 317 914 919 a nerve cell,

selectively responding to certain sensory signs

complex stimulus.


NEUROPSYCHISM 891491 614 theory in natural science,

according to which only creatures that possess a psyche have a psyche

nervous system.


NEUROPSYCHOLOGY 489 314 818 71 a branch of science,

formed at the intersection of psychology, medicine (neurology,

neurosurgery) and physiology. Studies the brain mechanisms

functions of higher mental functions based on local lesions

brain of the brain. Considers the relationship between the brain and the psyche-

ki.


NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 519 31791814 714 section of physiological

gyi, dedicated to the study of the nervous system by means of electri-

trophophysiological methods.


INCONGRUENCE 498617 31914 inconsistency with each other

friend of a person's experience and his ideas about himself.

at the level of manifestations means anxiety, vulnerability, incompleteness

personalities.


NECROPHILE 918 616 0496 (necrophilic) personality and type

individuals oriented towards love for the dead, towards destruction

tion, destruction and death. The opposite concept is bio-

Phil.


NECROPHILISM 0496 411 06 1) sexual perversion,

manifested in the attraction and desire to possess a dead body; 2)

asexual morbid desire to be near corpses,

contemplate them, manipulate them and dismember them.


HATE 498 681 019 4 persistent active negativity

a subject's feeling directed at phenomena that contradict

his needs, beliefs or values. It can cause

not only an appropriate assessment of their subject, but also an active

activities directed against him.


NEOBEHAVIORISM 319 688 71 9 a direction in the American

Kansk psychology, which arose in the 30s of the 20th century. Having adopted the main

the fundamental postulate of behaviorism is that the subject of psychology is

objectively observable reactions of the organism to external stimuli

environment, neobehaviorism supplemented it with the concept of variables

intermediate as factors serving as a mediating link

between the impact of stimuli and the resulting muscle movements

ions. Following the methodology of operationalism, supporters of non-

behaviorism believed that the content of the concept of variables

intermediate, meaning "unobservable" cognitive

and motivational components of behavior, it is possible to identify experi-

rimentally by the features determined by means of operations

researcher.


NEOPSYCHOANALYSIS 598 617 31 9 1

1. A direction in psychology, psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. Focused on the synthesis of various areas of psychoanalysis for the purpose of a comprehensive explanation of neuroses, including the dynamic interaction of attraction and repression, as well as for the purposes of modern therapy.

2. Sometimes this concept is used to generally designate different

personal new trends in psychoanalysis, mainly oriented

focused on the study of therapeutic aspects.


NEOPHOBIA 498 617 31 pathological fear of everything

new, unusual.


NEOFREUDISM 591688 41 a trend in modern

philosophy, sociology, psychology and psychoanalysis, developed-

from Freudianism, whose supporters are trying to overcome

biologism of classical Freudianism and introduce its main principles

placement in a social context.


NYSTAGMUS 519 317 48 rhythmic movements of the eyeball

loka. Consist of slow movement in a certain direction

and quick return.


NEWBORN 489712 618418 age period

from birth to four to six weeks of age, during which

which is where the childs primary adaptation to the external mi-

ru.


NOSOPHOBIA 481542198 is a type of neurosis, characterized by patho-

logical fear of illness.


NONCONFORMISM 319 316 418 striving for anything

did not contradict the opinion of the majority and act contrary to

in a false way, without taking anything into account. A synonym for the concept of negativity

vism, the antonym of conformity.


NORM 519 514 12 established measure, average value

something.


GROUP NORM 519 514 1298 set of rules

and the requirements developed by each actually operating

community; the most important means of regulating the behavior of members

of this group, the nature of their relationships, interactions

and communication.


SOCIAL NORM 5819 514 12 adopted in a specific

in a society or group, rules of conduct that regulate mutual

relationships between people.


TEST NORM 519 514 98 average score for

this test of a large group of normal and healthy people

of a certain age and culture - indicators with which

it is possible to compare the test subject's indicators, assessing his level

vein and draw conclusions about whether they are higher or lower

norms. The test norm is the average level of development of a large

a group of people similar to the subject in a number of social and

demographic characteristics.


NORMALIZATION 48519 514 12

1. Establishing a standard, a model.

2. Regulation, bringing to the norm, normal

condition.

3. Same as standardization.


GROUP NORMALIZATION 481519 514 12 social-

a psychological phenomenon that arises as a result of group-

a new discussion, when initially heterogeneous and even ex-

the extreme positions of the participants are smoothed out and acquire cha-

the character of a single, average opinion shared by all.


MORALITY 498104817 9181 regulating

function of human behavior. Its essence is reduced to the limitation

suppression of desires.


_ABOUT_


GENERALIZATION 498614 312 a product of mental activity

nost, a form of reflection of the general characteristics and qualities of phenomena

reality. The cognitive process leading to the identification

to the definition and designation of relatively stable properties of external

world. The simplest types of generalization are already realized in

level of perception, manifesting itself as the constancy of perception.

Its types correspond to the types of thinking. Generalization is also

acts as a means of mental activity. At the human level,

human thinking, generalization is mediated by the use of

socially developed tools - methods of activity

cognitive and signs.


GENERALIZATION THEORETICAL 498614 3189 generalization

based on the identification of essential connections between phenomena

of the external world, indicating their genetic

kinship. It is based on hidden essential properties, which

beyond the scope of direct observation and requiring the introduction of

development of additional principles generalizing hypotheses. Rea-

is expressed through a concept in which only the sal-

my essential, and the particular is omitted. The ability to generalize

theoretical knowledge is especially intensively formed in the emergence of

growth in adolescence and youth.


EMPIRICAL GENERALIZATION 498614 318 generalization

a judgment based on directly observed or experienced

properties of objects and phenomena. The use of similar

properties as classification provides a person

the ability to work with a significantly larger volume of items

than is possible in perceptual terms. With the help of class-

sification schemes each new object is recognized as

relating to a particular class.


SMELL 519 418 3194 the ability to sense odors

substances, perceiving them as odors. Chemicals,

distributed in the form of steam, gas, dust, etc., enter

nasal cavity, where they interact with the corresponding receptors.

frames. In addition to chemoreceptors, olfactory sensations are formed

other receptors of the mucous membrane may also be involved.

oral cavity: tactile, pain, temperature. So,

Some odorous substances only cause olfactory sensations

sensations (vanillin, valerian, etc.), while others act com-

plex (menthol causes a feeling of cold, chloroform weakly)

reach).


SECONDARY PROCESSING 498 801614 7148 repeat

the process of changing a dream that begins after

the dream appears before consciousness as an object of perception.


IMAGE 319418 418 a subjective picture of the world or its

fragments, subjective representation of external objects

world, conditioned by both sensory perceptions and recognitions

both real and hypothetical constructs. Includes the

my subject, other people, spatial environment and

time sequence of events.


IMAGE OF PERCEPTION 43194818 41898 reflection in the sub-

in the objective plane of real objects or their properties, with which

the active subject interacts.


HYPNAGOGIC IMAGE 965319418 4818 arises

occurring during dreams and in drowsy states.


IMAGE OF THE WORLD 591498 617 a holistic, multi-level system

the system of human ideas about the world, about other people, about oneself and

their activities. This concept embodies the idea of integrity

and continuity in origin, development and functioning

spheres of the cognitive personality.


IMAGE OPERATIONAL 899418 418 reflection in consciousness

the subject of the object or process to which it is directed

but the action. The completeness of the operational image is strictly determined

the need for adequate performance of a specific action,

so that all the redundant features of the subject are not included in it.

due to this, its conciseness and reliability, which are necessary, are achieved

to successfully complete a task under normal or difficult conditions

conditions.


IMAGE OPERATIONAL GLOBAL 319418894 18

an operational image that serves as the basis for the implementation of everything

actions. Mainly absorbs the features of the final

states of the subject of action.


IMAGE OPERATIONAL STAGE 319417 994 18 ob-

once operational, serving as a basis for assessing the current state

actions with some object: recognition of signals,

comparison of the current state of an object with a given one, etc.


IMAGE CONSEQUENTIAL 9319418 41488 felt-

visual disturbances that persist for some time, usually not

for a long time after the cessation of the stimulus

optical resident.


PHANTOM IMAGE 53119418 418 illusory sensations

septicaemia in the amputated part of the body. Characterized by the appearance

obsessive sensations of itching, pain, anemia, subjectively localized

located in a remote part of the body.


EIDETIC IMAGE 93194718 418 subjective

figurative representations of objects or subject compositions,

distinct and detailed, persisting for some time

after the termination of their actual perception. Unlike after

images, independent of eye movements and relatively stable

in time. Most often found in children of younger and

in adolescence, in adults quite rare.


EDUCATION 598614 3191 1. Training, education;

a set of knowledge obtained through special training. 2.

Something formed from something.


REACTIVE EDUCATION 5918614 3191491 one of

protective mechanisms a form of psychological protection, characterized by

tering a change in a tendency that is unacceptable to consciousness or

behavior patterns to the opposite; replacement of unacceptable ones

for me the situations are directly opposite.


OBSESSIA 918 422 519 4 (anancazm) is a type of state

obsessive feelings that manifest themselves in experiences and actions that are not

requiring certain situations to arise (for example,

obsessive hand washing; fear of the number 3 because the word

cancer three letters; fear of stepping on the line, etc.).


CONDITIONING 319 418 5191 formation of reflex-

conditional owls.


OPERANT CONDITIONING 4319 4188 5191

a term used to denote a special way of forming conditional connections

zey. In operant conditioning, the animal first produces

there is some movement (spontaneous or initiated by experiment-

mentor), and then receives reinforcement.


LEARNING CAPABILITY 398117 918 individual indicators

the speed and quality of a person's acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities

kov during training.


TRAINING 319 314 8917 918 a process of purposeful

transfer (formation) of knowledge, skills, and abilities.


LATENT TRAINING 314 8998417 918 formed

the development of certain skills in situations where they are directly

there is no need for such use and they end up unclaimed.

mi. Based on the formation of the subject as a result of his actions

the activity of the exploratory-research image of the holistic

situation and their actions in it.


TRAINING IS MANDATORY 14 89 91817 918 many in-

stinctive actions must go through a period of formation and

training during the individual development of the animal. Such

form and received the name of obligatory education. Examples of ta-

kovogo - the flights of birds, the singing of some birds.


PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING 8917 918 819 a system of method-

and training tools, the basis of which is modeling

the emergence of a real creative process by creating a situation

problem and management of the search for a solution to the problem.


PROGRAMMED TRAINING 419 314 8917 617

a system of teaching methods and tools, the basis of which is

there is independent acquisition of knowledge and skills by students

due to the step-by-step assimilation of the material.


SIMULATION TRAINING 519 314 84917 917 training

a system built on the principle of modeling (imitation)

actual technological process or technical action

devices.


OPTIONAL TRAINING 314 8917 918 9 pro-

the process of mastering new, purely individual forms of behavior.

Provides much greater plasticity than

compulsory education.


SCHOOL EDUCATION: PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS

HYSICAL 51319 314 8917 918 (psychological readiness for

school education) the development of the childs psychological

logical properties, without which successful school work is impossible

mastery of educational activities.


COMMUNICATION 519 317 918 4

1. A complex, multifaceted process of establishing and developing contacts between people, generated by the needs of joint activities; includes the exchange of information, the development of a unified strategy for interaction, perception and understanding of the partner. 2. Interaction between two or more subjects, realized by symbolic means, caused by the needs of joint activities and aimed at a significant change in the state, behavior and personality

semantic formations of the partner. Consists of mutual exchange

messages with substantive and emotional aspects.


COMMUNICATION: DEFICIT 5189 317 96818 4 (deficit of public

(nii) - a decrease in the intensity and quality of the child's communication with

other people, usually associated with his stay in children's

closed institutions (hospitals, orphanages, inter-

natakh) or in families where parents or caregivers do not pay attention

the child sufficient attention. Lack of communication, especially in

in infancy and early childhood, usually results in delays

and deviations in mental development.


COMMUNICATION: NON-VERBAL MEANS 519 317 918 45

this includes gestures, facial expressions, pantomime and other movements

expressive.


COMMUNICATION: STRUCTURE 619 3107 918 48 from the standpoint of psi-

In social science, the following aspects of communication are distinguished:

1) the communicative side is expressed in the exchange of information, its understanding; during communication, the addresser and the addressee must use the same sign system; the communicators influence each other, they develop relationships;

2) the interactive side - is expressed in the interaction of partners in organizing and performing joint activities; this side is not limited to the form of communication, the external picture of interaction - the motives, goals of communication of each party, their interaction are also important; research has established such types of interaction as cooperation, competition and conflict;

3) the perceptual side is expressed in the perception of one partner

nerom in communication with another.


COMMUNICATION: TYPE HOST 5198 3174 918 4 type of public

with the people around you, which is predominant at this age-

period. Significantly affects the formation of the basic

personal qualities.


COMMUNICATION: LEVEL 5519 412 918 1 according to one of

approaches, the following are distinguished:

1) macro level is expressed in the fact that a person communicates with other people in accordance with established social relations, traditions and customs;

2) meso level

- communication within the substantive topic, one-time or

reusable;

3) micro level the act of contact, the supporting element

content and expressed in certain external indicators

the simplest elements that underlie other levels:

question answer, handshake, mimic and pantomime act,

etc.


PHATICAL COMMUNICATION 317 918 4 meaningless

communication using communication means exclusive

specifically with the aim of maintaining the communication process itself.


COMMUNITY BROTHERLY 518084 31914 second primitive

a form of human society is a set of related features

bey, led by one of the sons of the previous leader,

who rules, relying on his brothers. It arose from the first

forms - the paternal horde - as a result of killing and eating

"leader" by his sons. This event left indelible marks

traces in the history of human evolution - in particular:

led to the differentiation of the psyche and personality, the emergence of new

feelings, the prohibition of incest, the emergence of taboos; the development of totemism, re-

leagues, morality and social dismemberment.


OBJECT 5891 42194 81 is a fragment of reality that

the activity of the subject interconnected with it is directed. Things,

existing independently of the subject, become objects

as the subject interacts with them.


OBJECT: ATTACHMENT 58191 42194 801 (attached-

(towards an object) is a libidinal connection, a distinctive feature

the essence of which is a stable fixation of the libido at a certain

object or several objects.


OBJECT-LIBIDO 42 194 81 319 - libido directed at

object attached to sexual objects. Being taken away from

objects, again turns into the ego-libido.


REFERENCE OBJECT 8911 42194 81 (object of reference)

(reference decisions) an individual or group as one of the main

elements of the structure of referential relations with which the subject

the subject of these relations consciously or unconsciously relates himself to

sit, accepting and implementing in behavior standards, norms and values

properties of the object or focusing on them.


SEXUAL OBJECT 91 642194 89 a term meaning

a person who inspires sexual desire, or from whom

from which sexual attraction emanates.


SEXUAL OBJECT: CHOICE 4280794 81 (choice

love object; double choice of object; choice of object in

two terms) the phenomenon of psychosexual development - infantile

sexual life, manifested in the choice of an object twice,

in two terms, in two pushes. The first begins at the age of

two to five years and during the period of latent suspension

escalates or even regresses; is characterized by infantilism of sexual

goals. The second begins with the onset of puberty.

losti the period of puberty and determines the final

form of sexual life.


SEXUAL OBJECT: CHOICE: PATH 58191 42194 89

(the way of choosing the object of love) - there are two main choices of the object

love, which in turn is also divided into a number of narrow-

corrected paths:

1) narcissistic:

a) that which is itself

you imagine - in your own image and likeness;

b) what it was before;

c) what I would like to be;

d) a person who was a part of himself;

2) supporting:

a) a nursing woman;

b) protecting a man;

c) the entire series of people who will replace them in the future.


SEXUAL OBJECT: CHOICE: TYPE 0421894 617

(type of choice of love object) two forms of development and orientation

libido realized after the narcissistic stage:

1) narcissistic type - when the place of one's own self is taken by an object that is as similar to it as possible;

2) by type of support when persons who have become dear due to the satisfaction of other vital needs are also chosen as objects of libido.


SEXUAL OBJECT: THE CHOICE OF THE NARCISSI-

CHESKY 1984019181 choosing the object of love according to ones own

his own image and likeness. An attempt to find in him the most

bya, arising from some disturbance of libido.


SEXUAL OBJECT: FIRST CHOICE 80719 418

121 (first choice of love object) according to psychoanalysis, all-

where it is unconscious and incestuous; in a man it is directed towards the mother and

sister, for a woman - father and brother.


SEXUAL OBJECT: LOCATION: PATH

1 421 94 81 (two ways of finding a sexual object) pro-

the process of finding a sexual object is, in essence, a secondary

a random encounter (primary sucking the mothers breast becomes

is the prototype of all love relationships), to which they lead

two paths: 1) the path based on early childhood prototypes; 2) the path

narcissistic - who seeks his own self and finds it in

other; this path is especially significant for the pathological outcome.


OBJECTIVATION 481519319 41 process and result of lo-

localization of images of perception in the external world - where they are located

sources of perceived information are provided.


OBJECTIVITY 31941 891 168

1. Actual; independent of the will and consciousness of the subject, the existence of objects, phenomena and processes, their properties and relationships, the entire world as a whole; belonging to the so-called objective reality.

2. The content of knowledge corresponding to the object.

3. Correspondence to objective reality; impartiality, impartiality.


OBJECTIVE 19319041 89 1. Existing outside and

independent of consciousness; inherent in the object itself or corresponding to

proper to him. 2. Corresponding to reality; unbiased.

that, impartial.


STUNNING 521 428 91 disruption of the activity of consciousness

characterized by a sharp increase in the threshold of perception for

all external influences; in this case, perception is difficult, and

actions are slow.


GIFTED 519 514 31988

1. A qualitatively unique combination of abilities that ensures the successful performance of an activity. The combined action of abilities representing a certain structure allows for the compensation of the insufficiency of individual abilities through the preferential development of others.


2. General abilities or general aspects of abilities that determine the breadth of a persons capabilities, the level and uniqueness of his activity.


3. Mental potential, or intelligence; the integral individual-

characteristic of cognitive abilities and capabilities

attitude towards learning.


4. A set of inclinations, natural data, characteristics of the degree of expression and uniqueness of natural prerequisites of abilities.


5. Talent; the presence of internal

conditions for outstanding achievements in their activities. Many

the meaning of the term indicates the multifaceted nature of the problem

holistic approach to the sphere of abilities. Giftedness as a self-

My general characteristics of the sphere of abilities require com-

complex study - psychophysiological, differential-

but-psychological and socio-psychological.


GENERAL GIFTEDNESS 514 31988 317 integral

assessment of the level of development of special abilities associated with

development of specific abilities, but together they are not quite

dependent on each of them separately.


GIFTEDNESS EARLY GIFTEDNESS 14 319884 18

special or general giftedness found in children.

The time of manifestation of giftedness in different areas is different.

Giftedness in musical activity manifests itself especially early

sti, then in drawing. In conceptual areas earlier than others

Giftedness in mathematics is manifested. Giftedness is an early so-

is accompanied by a pronounced passion for some activities-

and a tendency to show imagination.


OBSESSION 498617 918 1 the concept of folk and medium-

of ancient medicine, designed to explain the causes of diseases

niy, primarily mental; implies mastery of evil

spirits of the physical body of a person. From the standpoint of science, in addition to re-

religious and ideological prerequisites, in the genesis of this concept-

the patient's subjective experiences could have played a role in this

for whom illness seems to be something alien, depriving him

power over one's own body.


LONELINESS 591617 88061 is one of the psychogenic factors

tors that influence a persons emotional state, are found

in changed (unusual) conditions of isolation from others

other people.


UNIQUENESS 591614 318 in relation to methods

psychodiagnostic means its ability to reflect in its

indicators only that property or phenomenon for the assessment of which

for which it is intended. If, in addition to this, in the indicators of

other, “side” properties of the subject are expressed, which are not related

with this methodology - going beyond its validity, -

then the methodology is not considered unambiguous, although it may

be partially valid.


EXPECTATION 598 688 716 01 a concept expressing the ability

the ability of a subject to anticipate future events. One of

basic concepts of cognitive psychology.


ILLUMINATION 50816121 0981 (guess, insight) sudden,

a new thing that arises instantly and cannot be derived from past experience

your understanding, comprehension of essential relationships, tasks,

problems and the structure of the situation as a whole, through which

a meaningful solution to the problem is achieved.


OCULOGRAPHY 521 617 918 448 (normal results) me-

a method of studying eye movements by recording changes

electrical potential of the retina and eye muscles.


OLIGOPHRENIA 1857422 a form of mental retardation,

characteristic:

1) totality - everyone turns out to be underdeveloped

neuropsychic processes;

2) the hierarchy of the psychological defect to a greater extent, there are disturbances in the mobility of internal processes in the intellectual and speech spheres, and to a lesser extent in the sensorimotor sphere.


OLIGOPHRENOPSYCHOLOGY 1422519 section of psycho-

special gy, studying mental development and the possibilities

the methods of its correction in mentally retarded people with severe

forms of underdevelopment of the brain. Reveals the causes of their

mental retardation (congenital defects of the nervous system,

the result of illness or injury), studies their psychological characteristics

features, forms and degree of expression of the defect, contributes

creation of programs and methods of their training in auxiliary

schools.


OLFACTOMETER 591 688 71 (standard results) - device

to measure the acuity of smell. Particularly common is ol-

factometer. Zwaardemakert - a hollow cylinder with pores containing

a odoriferous substance containing a glass tube

with divisions: as it goes deeper into the cylinder, it decreases in size.

diffusion of a substance through the open opening of a tube to the nose

subject. Unit of measurement of olfactory acuity (olfaction)

expressed in centimeters of tube immersion in the cylinder.


OLFACTOMETRY 488 71 8194 (norm of measurement results)

rhenium on different devices) - the procedure for measuring the acuity

olfactory measurements using special devices olfactometers.

Depending on the design of the device, different ones are used

units of olfactory acuity.


ONO 918411 618 401 (ID) is one of the components of the structure

personality is a special psychological instance, completely incom-

conscious desires and attractions. It represents a localized

the center of instinctive urges located in the unconscious

- sexual or aggressive - striving for immediate

satisfaction regardless of the subject's relationship to

external reality. The most powerful sphere of personality is not

knowing the flow of time, acting on the principle of pleasure

actions are a complex of various unconscious impulses,

ideas, tendencies, impulses, driving forces of personality

(mainly aggressive and sexual desires), instincts

and other components.


ONTOGENESIS 891 618 718 14 the process of development of the individual

of the organism. In psychology, ontogenesis is the formation of the basic

the main structures of the individual's psyche during his childhood.


OPERATOR 9181017 98 (human operator) a person acting

whose work activity consists of interaction with

control bodies of a certain process based on its model

informational.


OPERATOR: RELIABILITY 19181017 988 (reliability of the

operator) is a psychological qualitative characteristic

the attitude of a person as a worker, due to which it is ensured

stable performance of the human-system controlled by it

century machine" in the entire range of its operating conditions.


OPERATOR: INTERFERENCE IMMUNITY 69181 017 9818

(noise immunity of the human operator) - psychological quality

a qualitative characteristic of a person's readiness for effective

performance of production activities in the presence of interference, characterized by

ristically close to useful signals. Recognition of useful

signals against the background of such interference is associated with strong nervous

tension.


OPERATOR: RECEIVE INFORMATION 179 98488161 (at-

(information by a human operator) is a system of operations of the

cognitive operators used to recognize external signals

his world.


OPERATIONALIZATION 79881 9 848 12 requirement, which

which scientific concepts must satisfy. It is applied

when introducing new concepts and requires a clear indication of

specific procedures, techniques, methods, or actions, using

with the help of which one can practically verify that this

the concept is not “empty”, that is, the phenomenon it signifies

really exists.


OPERATION 118117 97484 Structural unit of activity

ness, correlated with the task and with the objective conditions of its implementation

lizations; a method of performing an action determined by conditions

the current external or mental situation. In essence,

the operations level is filled with skills and automatic actions

, and the characteristics of the latter are at the same time characteristic

operations. Operations are relatively independent

acts, the content of which does not correspond to the subject of consumption itself

ness, but the conditions in which it is located.


OPERATION INTELLECTUAL 7897484 489 ter-

min to indicate actions that have moved to the internal plane

and made reversible by coordinating with other mental

actions. When actions pass from the external form

into the interior, they become available for reconstruction.

and conversion (one can imagine the transition of an object into

new state, and return to the original state).


OPERATION SPECIFIC 117 974814 019 the concept of conc-

concepts of operational intelligence, meaning logical

operations performed on the basis of external, visual data and

typical for children aged 7-8 to 11-12 years. Based on the

by performing specific operations the child gains the opportunity

anticipate the results of your actions.


OPERATION ADAPTIVE 7484119 64 1 from-

are related to the reactive level of response, hierarchically

my low in the structure of the subject's activity. They arise in

the process of involuntary imitation or adaptation to

subject conditions of the situation (for example, adaptation of the

child to language conditions).


OPERATION CONSCIOUS 7974181401 is

a consequence of the automation of actions. During repeated

repetitions of some action (for example, when learning to drive

car or letter) the content of its purpose, initially realized

the given takes the place of the condition of fulfillment in the structure of another,

more complex action. Due to the change in the location of the target in

structure of activity, shift of the goal to the condition that occurred

when an action is automated, that action becomes

a conscious operation.


OPERATION FORMAL 918 1149481 9 stage of development

intellectual development. Typical for a child aged 11-

12 to 14-15 years and represents a system of operations of the second

order, built on specific operations. Having mastered

formal operations, the child can build his own

hypothetico-deductive reasoning based on independent

the careful development of hypotheses and the actual testing of their consequences.

In such reasoning, the possibility of replacing the con-

specific relationships with symbols of a fairly universal character

racter.


RECOGNITION 489712 61841 the process of referring perceptions

the object being moved to one of several pre-fixed

classes, due to which a meaningful image is constructed

for the perceptual. The most important moment of these processes is the result-

tat comparison of the perceptual description of an object with those stored in

memory standards of description of the corresponding (relevant)

classes.


SIMULTANEOUS IDENTIFICATION 182 61841 418 attributed

the assignment of a perceived object to a certain class as a result

one-time - instant - spontaneous decision.


SUCCESSIVE IDENTIFICATION 7812 618419819 attributed

the assignment of a perceived object to a certain class as a result

a detailed - gradual and consistent - analysis of it

signs.


MEDIATION 428614 318 41089 - the relation of one

concept (object) to another, conceivable or cognizable only

through a third concept (object), so that the mediating concept

(object) acts as a basis for the relationship of the original

concepts (objects). Characterizes the structure of a certain process

or activities in terms of achieving certain goals, the result of

tats. The subject embodiment of the structure of mediation is

the remedy is in effect.


ACTIVITY-BASED MEDIATION

14 8160 49164101 is a methodological principle reflecting the de-

termination of mental processes in the consciousness of an individual, as well as

interpersonal processes in groups with content, goals and co-

the social value of the activity performed. Mediation

activity is understood as a system-forming feature

collective, defining its most important social and

psychological characteristics.


SIGNIFICANT MEDIATION 141319 41089 basic

a concept meaning a way of controlling behavior, implemented

by the individual himself. In this theory, all mental development

is considered as a change in the structure of the mental process

by including a sign (symbol) in it, which leads to trans-

formations of natural, direct processes in culture

nye, indirect.


DEFINITION 890418 9819 741 (objectification) fi-

a philosophical concept meaning the process in which human

abilities are transferred to the object and are embodied in it,

giving what the object becomes socio-cultural. As for-

activity is carried out, it is objectified not only in the external

as a result, but also in the qualities of the subject of the activity itself: changes

By changing the world, a person changes himself.


SURVEY 98019 614 9817 a method of psychological study,

during which people are asked questions based on the answers to the questions

which conclusions are drawn about the psychology of the respondents.


SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE 614 88 91 9817 method of social-

psychological research using questionnaires. In the sciences,

cial is carried out to clarify biographical data,

opinions, value orientations, social and personal attitudes

personal characteristics of the respondent.


QUESTIONNAIRE 198 614 98171 methods, the material of which

present questions that the client must answer,

or statements with which he must agree or disagree

agree.


QUESTIONNAIRE 419 9817 3194 (questionnaire)

offer the opportunity to obtain information about the client, not

directly reflecting his personal characteristics. This is

There may be biographical questionnaires, or questionnaires of interest.

resources and attitude questionnaires depending on how much

the specific interests and attitudes identified are related to

personal characteristics proper.


CLOSED QUESTIONNAIRE 1019 6184 98917 (questionnaire type

closed) - involve choosing answers to the proposed questions

questions from the options offered in the questionnaire itself.


CREATIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE 9 6184 98167 means

diagnostics of the creative abilities of an individual. Represents

themselves lists of situations, feelings, interests, forms of behavior, ha-

characteristic for creative individuals. Questionnaires can be addressed

It can be beneficial to both the subject and those around him.


PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE 198 4614 98178 class of methods

dick psychodiagnostic, designed to determine

the degree of expression of certain personality traits in an individual

features. A set of methodological tools for studying

and assessments of individual properties and manifestations of personality. Each of

The methodology is a standardized questionnaire consisting of

a set of sentences, the content of which the subject (in-

formant) can agree or disagree.


QUESTIONNAIREPERSONALITYMULTIPHASE

MINNESOTA (MMPI) 19 614 98917 18 Method of psycho-

agnostic study of individual characteristics and

states of mental personality. During the examination, the subjects

I am presented with 550 statements that model my behavior.

bearing to various life situations, and offers solutions

take one of three answers: "correct", "incorrect" and "not

I can say." Significant answers are recorded using special

nal "keys" and after quantitative processing are entered

on a profile sheet having three evaluation and ten base

scales.


OPEN QUESTIONNAIRE 981019 6184 98917 (questionnaire

open type) assume a free form of answers to

suggested questions.


TYPOLOGICAL QUESTIONNAIRE 48 98917 918 developed

are based on the definition of personality types and allow

carry the subjects to one or another type, differing in ka-

qualitatively unique manifestations.


PERSONALITY TRAITS QUESTIONNAIRE 198 6814 91817 measuring

expressiveness of traits - stable personality traits.


OPTIMISM 498 9171 81948 as a personality trait reflects

requires proportional development of all mental processes,

provides a person with a cheerful outlook on life, faith in

people, their strengths and capabilities, confidence in the progress of society

of self-confidence, faith in ones own strengths and capabilities as a subject of action.

activities.


EXPERIENCE 489107191

1. The totality of practically assimilated

knowledge, skills or abilities.

2. Obtaining reflection in the result of active practical interaction with the outside world

consciousness of the laws of this world and social practice.

3. Approximately the same as an experiment: reproduction of some phenomenon, creation of something new under certain conditions for the purpose of testing, research.

4. An attempt to do something, a trial implementation of something.


BLIND DOUBLE EXPERIMENT 107191 218 a special experiment

a mental procedure in which not only the subject is unaware of the

the meaning and features of the experiment, but also the experi-

mentor who conducts it. Thanks to such conditions,

the possibilities of the experimenter's influence on the results are included

you experiment and the indicators of its objectivity increase.

In particular, such conditions can be modeled using

computer.


ORGAN 814 317 914 817

1. A part of an animal or plant organism that has a certain structure and performs certain functions. 2. A tool, a means of something.


SENSES ORGAN 214 712 514 312 nervous devices,

serving as receivers of signals informing about changes

in the external environment (exteroception) and in the subject's body

(interoreception).


ORGANIZATION 918471 318 9421 psychological aspect

- differentiated and mutually ordered association

individuals and groups acting on the basis of common goals, interests,

owls and programs.


ORGANIZATION: CONFLICT: TYPE 7191 318 94821 (types

conflicts in the organization) - here the basis of the typology is

step:

1) the goals of the parties to the conflict;

2) compliance of their actions with existing standards;

3) the final result of conflict interaction;

4) the impact of conflict on the development of the organization.


ORGANIZATION INFORMAL 4781 3118 9421

is a community of people united by personal ex-

boron and direct non-official contacts. Mo-

may arise both within the framework of a formal organization with the aim of

satisfying the needs of its members that go beyond its boundaries

new, and independently of it - on the basis of off-duty, extra-

professional interests.


ORGANIZATION PREGENITAL 14 3198 9421 17

such an organization of sexual life in which genital zones

we have not yet acquired a predominant significance.


ORGANIZATION FORMAL 71 318 9429 has an ad-

ministerial-legal status, makes the individual dependent

freedom from impersonal functional connections and norms of behavior

nija. In its context, socio-psychological

phenomena conditioned by such relationships as the individual

position, team division, leadership management

etc.


ORGANISM 419 312 819 212

1. A living organism is a living body, a living being (plant, animal, human). 2. A set of spiritual and physical properties of a human. 3. A complex organized unity.


ORGANISM: ORIENTATION 12 819 21298 subjective

localization in the system of temporal and spatial coordinates

nat, produced according to certain characteristics (temperature,

optical, acoustic, electrical nature) using

using innate mechanisms. Innate components

orientations play a special role in animal migrations,

using terrestrial or celestial landmarks, sometimes magic

the Earth's magnetic field.


ORGONE 519417 819 14 universal cosmic life-

nal energy is the psycho-sexual energetic basis of human

czech life.


ORDA 981 716319 14 1. Obsolete name of the initial form.

we are a public organization: the primitive horde, etc. 2. Unrest

a rank-and-file, disorganized gathering of people.


HORDE OF THE PATRICKS 319 14 819 417 primitive and first

form of society - a collection of related individuals under unlimited

the reduced dominance of a strong male. As a result of the murder and

the eating of the "leader" by his sons resulted in a transformation into

the second form is the fraternal community.


ORIENTATION 388617 819 14 (orientation) 1. Define-

division of position in space, initially relative

but the cardinal directions, especially the east. 2. The ability to understand the ob-

setting. Awareness of something. 3. The direction of some-

second activity.


ORIENTATION: VIEW 56917 8139 14 (principle) (two views

orientation; two principles of orientation) - the main varieties

the orientation of people in determining their position,

determined by the difference between "herd" and "human"

nature:

1) orientation towards the herd (“towards closeness to the herd”)

expresses the essence of man as a herd animal, whose actions

are determined by instinctive impulses to follow the

we wait, through contacts with the herd and loyalty to it;

2) orientation towards reason expresses the essence of man as a thinking being, possessing consciousness, self-awareness, individuality and a certain independence.


ORIENTATION HETEROSEXUAL 5117 819 1469

attraction to members of the opposite sex.


ORIENTATION HOMOSEXUAL 816 14 21 148

attraction to individuals of the same sex.


VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE 17 819 148 419

a system of measures to include an individual in the world of work;

a complex of psychological, pedagogical and medical activities,

aimed at optimizing youth employment in accordance with

according to desires, inclinations and formed abilities

and taking into account the needs of the national economy and the entire society

creatures.


PSYCHOANALYTICAL ORIENTATION 78 894119 148

a concept denoting a certain direction of social-

philosophical, psychological and other ideas and concepts: Z.

Freud, his students and followers, reformers and moder-

founders of psychoanalysis, as well as various philosophers, sociologists,

gov, psychologists, clinicians and others, in whose activities ideas

psychoanalysis play a significant role.


PSYCHOSEXUAL ORIENTATION 617 819 148

the direction of sexual attraction, the process of its development and for-

we implementation. Its formation covers puberty (12-18

years) and the transitional (16-26 years) periods of sexuality. Its be-

leniye is the final stage of psychosexual development, in which

rum is the formation of a platonic, erotic libido

logical and sexual, and their respective basic manifestations

niya: platonic dreams, fantasies, courtship and communication;

erotic fantasies, caresses and games; sexual fantasies, ma-

sturbation, the beginning of sexual activity, excesses and regular puberty

your life.


VALUE ORIENTATION 781 9 148 191 concept

social psychology, used in two meanings:

1) ideological, political, moral, aesthetic and other grounds for the subjects assessment of reality and orientation in it;

2) the way in which an individual differentiates objects according to their significance

sti. Value orientations are formed through the acquisition of experience.

social and are found in goals, ideals, beliefs,

interests and other manifestations of personality. In the structure of activity

they are closely connected with its cognitive and volitional aspects.

rons. Their system forms the substantive side of the direction

personality and expresses the internal basis of its relationship

to reality.


ORIENTATION: TYPE 214 716 319 14 various strategies

gy of examination of surrounding objects, determining the effect

the effectiveness and quality of the knowledge and skills acquired by the subject

niy:

1) orientation of the first type - is based on random

signs, so learning is done by trial and error and

gives low results;

2) orientation of the second type - is based on features and relationships selected empirically and sufficient only for completing a given task; here learning is closer to adequate, but the results do not have the property of per-

transfer of acquired knowledge and skills to new relationships

nia;

3) orientation of the third type - is based on significant

properties and relationships specifically identified through analysis

internal structure of the given object; therefore, the assimilable

knowledge and skills can be transferred to new, changed conditions

Vija.


WEAPON 596 317 819 148

1. A technical device with the help of which some work or action is performed.

2. Figuratively - a means to achieve some goal.


PSYCHOLOGICAL TOOL 528 912 614 18 element

structure of the mental function, role similar to a tool

labor in the structure of human labor activity.


MEANINGFULNESS 298678 919 148 a property of perception,

existing at the level of consciousness and characterizing personality

level of perception, is the ability to attribute to perceived

my object or phenomenon a certain meaning, to designate it

in words, to refer to a certain language category.


BASIS 592 541 619 18 1. The source, the main thing on which to build

something is; that which is the essence of something. 2. Outcome

the main points of something.


AGE FEATURE 319 1418 914 17 in psycho-

ologies are specific properties of an individuals personality, his psyche-

ki, changing regularly during the change of age stages

development. Their characteristics are based on the identification of psychological

the logical content of the process of development of cognitive abilities

ties and personality formation at successive ages

stages of ontogenesis. Age-related features form certain

a complex of diverse properties, including cognitive

motivational, emotional, perceptual and other

characteristics of the individual.


REMAINDER OF THE DAY 528 614319 12 from daytime impressions

laziness that became the reason for the formation of the dream.


TOUCH ACTIVE 918491 method of formation

tactile image of some object by its intended

palpation. In this case, the leading role is played by sensations

kinesthetic.


TOUCH INSTRUMENTAL 528 617 31918

the process of forming a tactile image of some object

and with the help of auxiliary tools" when tactile sig-

The sensations are transferred to the hand from the palpated object through this

weapon.


TOUCH PASSIVE 91 617 318918 the process of formation

formation of a tactile image of some object as a result

moving it relative to a stationary hand or fingers.

Here, tactile sensations play one of the leading roles.


SELECTION 508 614 319 18 selection of something, someone from

some environment, a common number, from some set on the basis

new some criteria, features.


NATURAL SELECTION 5108 6814 319 18 concept,

according to which individuals least adapted to survival

in these conditions, they die out or are exterminated and thus

we are eliminated, giving way to more adapted ones,

giving their characteristics to their offspring.


PROFESSIONAL SELECTION 15089 319 18 miscellaneous

the visibility of psychological selection is the adoption of personnel decisions

based on the study and predictive assessment of suitability

people to master a profession, to perform professional

responsibilities and achieving the required level of skill.

It is a system of tools that provide forecasting

static assessment of the interrelationship between a person and a profession in

those types of activities that are carried out within the normatively specified

hazardous conditions (hygienic, microclimatic, technical)

(logical, socio-psychological), requiring increased

responsibility, health, efficiency and accuracy of use

completion of tasks, stability of emotional-volitional regulation

tions.


PSYCHOLOGICAL SELECTION 508 614 418 189 acceptance

decisions on the suitability of candidates for academic or professional

of the national activity, taking into account the results of psychological and

psychophysiological tests. It is used in management,

industry, aviation, army, sports, when completing non-

of which educational institutions.


LIABILITY 517 314 81911 implemented in different

in certain forms of control over the activities of the subject from the position of

compliance with the accepted norms and rules.


REFUSAL 31918 617 19 fact (indicator), testifying-

indicating that some desire cannot be satisfied.


FORCED REFUSAL 16178 19648161 act and experience

the refusal to satisfy drives generated by displeasure

favorable intrapsychic or external circumstances

properties, or a combination of them.


REFUSAL FORCED REAL 6178 191 519413

a collective concept meaning a variety of negative

conditions and factors that contribute to the development of the disease.

These may include: lack of love in life, material

disadvantage, family discord, unhappy marriage, un-

favorable social conditions, strict moral standards

requirements for the individual.


RATIO 528 147 818 14181 subjective side

reflections of reality, the result of human interaction

with the environment. In psychology - in the most general sense - the mutual arrangement

relation of objects and their properties. The relation can be present

as between changing objects, phenomena and properties

(for example, any law as an essential relationship between phenomena

(niami), as well as in the case of a selected unchangeable object in its

connections with other objects, phenomena and properties (for example,

the attitude of the subject to the political system).


MATERNAL RELATIONSHIP 71 8189 141871 type of relationship

zi and psychotherapeutic reception aimed at establishing

the establishment of a relationship between a doctor and a client similar to that between

mother and child pits.


INTERGROUP RELATIONSHIP 47 818 1841319 in psi-

chology is a set of socio-psychological phenomena,

characterizing subjective reflection, perception of multi-

various connections that arise between social groups, and

also the way in which groups interact that they determine.


INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP 1847 8198 7181 (personal-

nost) - subjectively experienced relationships between people

we, objectively manifested in the nature and methods of mutual

influences of people in the course of joint activities and communication.

system of attitudes, orientations, expectations, stereotypes, etc.

dispositions through which people perceive and evaluate

each other. These dispositions are mediated by content, goals,

values and organization of joint and pro-

are the basis for the formation of the socio-psychological climate

in a team.


INTERETHNIC RELATIONS 528 147 818 4849

subjectively experienced relationships between people of different backgrounds

nationalities, between ethnic communities. Manifestations

in attitudes and orientations towards interethnic contacts in different

areas of interaction, in national stereotypes, in moods

in the actions of people and specific ethnic groups

communities.


SUBJECT-REFLECTIVE RELATIONSHIP

55298 318712 internalized system of reflexive connections

subject with other people, based on the ability to think-

a clear reflection of the position of the “other” or his ideas

about the peculiarities of one's own vision of a subject, object, pro-

problems. These relationships are a necessary component of activity

cognitive subject, because the reconstruction of the views of others

people on the subject under consideration allows us to see in it

new aspects, stimulates critical thinking, makes possible

possible reflection in the form of an internal dialogue with others

significant.


REFLECTION 519614319 1 a universal property of matter,

standing in the ability of objects to reproduce (with varying

degree of adequacy) signs, structural characteristics and

relationships of other objects.


MENTAL REFLECTION 9614431981 2 when moving

in the course from the biological form of reflection to the mental isolation

the following stages occur:

1) sensory - characterized by reflection from

specific stimuli: response only to biologically

significant irritants;

2) perceptual - the transition to it is expressed

is limited in the ability to reflect a complex of stimuli as a whole;

orientation in the set of features begins, reacting

and to neutral biological irritants, which are

only signals of vital irritants;

3) intellectual manifests itself in the fact that in addition to the reflection of individual objects, a reflection of their functional relationships and connections arises.


RESPONSE 819 417 319 14 the process of manifestation

external experiences, accompanied by sharply colored emo-

tion; emotional release associated with a traumatic so-

being.


DENIAL OF REALITY 419 716 91891 mechanism

protective, denying the existence of threatening external

factors.


BACKGROWTH 498792 618 19 location, placement

at a lower level of development compared to others.


MENTAL RETARDATION 792 6181 19 disorder

development of the general - mental and intellectual, conditioned

caused by insufficiency of the central nervous system. It has

persistent, irreversible character.


EMPTYING 891 618 017 21 the process of weakening the censorship

and the formation of a compromise. Sometimes it is understood as a process

transformations of affects that occur during the development of the individual.

Repression is the basic pattern of the emergence of dreams and all psi-

chopathic representations.


SPEECH REPORT 218617 31918 (subjective report, for now-

subjective knowledge, given phenomenal, given self-observation

(dénération) the subjects message during naive (non-introspective)

(non-analytical) installation.


ALIENATION 41811873 198 the process and the result of pre-

rotation of properties, abilities and activities of people into something

other than it is in itself - transformation into an independent

force that dominates people. In psychology, it is a manifestation

such vital relations of the subject with the world, in which

the products of his activity, himself, as well as other individuals and

social groups, being the bearers of certain norms,

attitudes and values are perceived as being opposite to it

himself - from dissimilarity to rejection and hostility. This is an expression

is felt in the corresponding experiences of the subject: feelings

isolation, loneliness, rejection, loss of self, etc.


ERROR 987 611 3054 incorrectness, incorrectness in action

actions, thoughts.


OPERATOR ERROR 118 611 3054 exceeding the set

the new limit value, which violates the normal

functioning of the ergatic system. To characterize

situations where the error reaches values that make it impossible

it is possible to achieve the goals for which the system of er-

gatic, the concept of "operator failure" is used.


STIMULUS ERROR 498712 3054 introspection response

tive experiences, expressed in terms of external sensory

niy, and not in terms of ones own sensations and their qualities.

a well-known term in introspective psychology, reflecting its

atomistic orientation.


FEELING 519671 319 14 construction of images of separate

properties of objects of the external world in the process of direct

personal interaction with them.


FEELING: INTERACTIONS 3198 14 814 their laws

The numbers show how the thresholds of perception change when

the simultaneous action of several stimuli.


SENSATION: DURATION 71 319 14 89148 special

a peculiarity of perception, which consists in the fact that the time interval,

during which the sensation exists, as a rule, does not coincide

with the duration of exposure to the stimulus. The sensation arises

it appears after some time after the start of the impact, and it may disappear

may occur only after some time after the exposure has ceased.


SENSATION: INTENSITY 8914 31 71 369 141

the degree of subjective expression of the sensation associated with

which irritant.


SENSATION: CLASSIFICATION 671 319 1412 section

the evaluation of sensations according to the criterion of correlation with analyzers,

responsible for their appearance. Thus, the sensations of visual

physical, auditory, tactile, gustatory, olfactory, sensory

prioroceptive, motor, etc.


PAINFUL SENSATION 1 3194 14 819 sensations, charac-

are suitable for such influences that can lead to disruption of the central

the body's density.


KINESTHETIC SENSATION 19 14519 614 sensation

signals that provide the subject with information about movement and position

his own body. They arise from irritation of the proprioceptive

tori located in muscles, tendons, joints and ligaments

kah.


ORGANIC FEELING 319 671 391 14 feeling

indications of the occurrence of certain processes in

organism and related to organic needs. They can

be local in nature and encourage the replenishment of some

of a specific substance that the body lacks. These include

usually include feelings of hunger, thirst, pain and

sensations associated with sexual activity.


TACTILE SENSATION 1319 148 1619 skin shape

sensitivity, caused by the work of two types of receptors

tori:

1) nerve plexuses surrounding the hair follicles;

2) receptors consisting of connective tissue cells cap-

Sul. The sensations caused by touch have different character.

pressure, vibration, impact of texture, etc.


TEMPERATURE SENSATION 9 14 5819 61419 type

skin sensations, manifested primarily in sensations

heat and cold.