Introduction
The work contains sections on psychodiagnostics, psychotherapy, social psychology, labor psychology, pathopsychology, psychophysics, defectology, psychology of perception, personality psychology, psychoanalysis, psychology of motives, psychology of thinking, psychology of memory, psychology of emotions, feelings and sensations.
In the work, by means of numerical series, related to terms or concepts used in psychology, methods of standardizing events in the process of eternal human development are given.
In the case where a term denotes a deviation from the norm, then
by means of a numerical series corresponding to this term, a norm is achieved that organizes eternal development in a generally accepted creative direction. If a term denotes a description of a process, then numerical series can be used to use this description in the direction of eternal development.
The process described by means of a numerical series can be applied to ensure eternal development.
The psychology of eternal development is distinguished by the fact that the methods of psychology implement the basic laws of eternal development, which include the immortality of the living, resurrection and ensuring this in the sphere of human life. This psychological aspect, in which the form of finite relations changes to eternal, directs psychology to the organization of this transition and functioning in the implementation of the laws of eternal development.
The psychology of eternal development forms social connections
of society and laws that ensure the real eternal development
of man and humanity.
The methods of standardization in the direction of eternal development are as follows:
1.Numerical series located after a term or concept can be read, mentally pronounced or mentally sung in such a way that you perceive the sound of the melody at some distance from your physical body. The melody of the melody can be any or you can simply know that a melody is being produced, but not perceive any specific melody. The area of your thinking can have a different form of spheroidal structures.
It is advisable to perceive the form of your controlling thought, corresponding to the term, somewhere near your physical body and by an effort of will move this form, or modify it to obtain a result. You can feel and perceive that any form means the result of eternal development.
The methods of the psychology of eternal development allow us to receive events of attainability of eternal development already in the process of learning the technologies of eternal development. When performing actions with such forms, it is necessary to take into account that they can be used for healing and salvation, if you imagine yourself or a person who needs to be healed or saved near them. Imagining
yourself between the specified forms, you rejuvenate yourself.
The more control forms you can hold in your consciousness while using the numerical series of psychological norming, the faster the rejuvenation.
Imagining that the thought forms of eternal development touch
another person, you rejuvenate this person. The transition
from perceiving yourself to perceiving another in the psychology of eternal development can take a certain amount of time, filled with knowledge of a large volume of information, since with eternal development there is a constant increase in the volume of information about the environment.
Therefore, it is necessary to be able to perceive information without stress, having fixed a thought for this.
You can consider a number as a thought - then with such awareness
the numerical series equalizes in your perception the time of your action on perceiving reality with any volume of information.
Such training in obtaining a number from a thought allows you to translate events into a form understandable from the point of view of eternal development.
By concentrating your attention, you can consider which events can be compressed into a number. At the same time, you can realize that
the image of a person cannot be compressed into a number, a person does not correspond to a number.
Such a development of your perception can lead to the thought
that a person is outside of any reality that has finite
properties, that is, a person is eternal. At this point in reasoning,
you need to clearly imagine the number series 888, then 898, then the number 1, the next number 2, and at the number 3, understand that there is an area of information through which you can make reality eternal by means of a number. This reality of eternity originates from a person and, conversely, the eternity of the environment contributes to a person's awareness of his eternity.
This understanding helps to realize that when a person is restored by numerical concentrations, a person changes the World with his will in the direction of eternal development, revealing his original eternal essence, capable of creating an eternal body. Thus, through knowledge obtained using a number, you come to a spiritual state that signifies your eternity. Then from such a spiritual state you can receive similar ones in those cases when you do not use a number.
In logic, from a set of numbers and their combinations, you perceive the sign of infinity, which is separated from a specific number. The symbolic form, defined in the psychology of standardization by means of numbers, allows you to recognize variants of future events leading to eternity in any case. The phase of control forecasting when using numerical series of psychological standardization must coincide with the information of an event that has occurred in the future, all elements of which are eternal.
In the technologies of eternal development, the forms of thoughts can change very quickly or instantly. That is, you can perceive an already changed form, and perceive the primary form later. The principle of constructing human physical matter in the direction of eternal development is also based on the fact that the events of the future time of matter are perceived faster than the events of the past time. The psychological basis of this principle is that in order to implement the internal task of eternal development emanating from the soul, one must be able to control physical matter in the future. In this case, the period of time for making a decision is limited. At the same time, in relation to past information, one can slowly create a direction of special actions with the required time. In relation to future events, it is advisable to carry out standardizing control in advance and, if necessary, correct the situation in real time.
The creator of the action is united by time intervals in the event of the achieved goal. You can similarly - by applying the numerical series of psychological standardization - remember the spiritual state corresponding to the achieved result. Such a spiritual state can be applied in accordance with the term, or generalized for the standardization of events and their direction in the area of eternal development.
For a comprehensive perception that enhances the management of
eternal life, you can read the entire book. Knowledge of the terminology in the field of psychology allows you to evaluate many things from the point of view of established concepts, which simplifies the achievement of objective forms of eternal development and expands the area used for managing understanding, in which you need to strive to understand what is happening in order to achieve factology confirming the possession of the methods of eternal development.
2. If there are gaps in a series of numbers, you can first apply the entire series, and then parts of the series separated by a space, to achieve a result for one goal. You can make short pauses at the places of gaps when mentally pronouncing the numbers of the series. If there are no gaps in the series, then you can, imagining that there is a space between the numbers every three digits, perform the same actions as with series that have gaps.
3. Place the numbers of the series above the numbers of the current date and concentrate on two series at once.
4. By comparing the numerical series corresponding to different terms or concepts, you can determine the relationship and the possibility of mutual correction in the direction of eternal development between different objects and events described in these terms or concepts by the coincidence of the numbers.
5. The numbers of the series can be imagined in such a way that from the image of the number in the palms of the hands, for example, apples appear, and different apples of the same variety correspond to different numbers and their combinations. Then you need to make an effort of will and perceive objective reality, including specific images, through the numbers under your control of eternal development.
6. The rejuvenation process can be done as follows:
6.1. Imagine that the numbers corresponding to one term are located from the shoulder to the wrist of the right hand.
6.2. Imagine that the numbers corresponding to the term following the term described in paragraph 6.1 are on the skin of the left hand.
6.3. Feel how the light flows from the numbers of the left hand to the numbers of the right hand. At the moment this light flows through the area of the chest, perceive how you have resolved for yourself personally and then for everyone around you the psychological aspect of eternal development.
7. Resurrection technologies are brought to mandatory implementation by means of a rapid combination and sorting through in memory
or in visual perception of numerical series corresponding to
various terms and concepts. The main thing in this action is to
keep the main goal in mind and, if possible, not to be distracted from it during a rapid combination of numerical series. Over time,
you can reach such a level of perfection that concentration on the goal in your memory turns it into reality.
8. The principles and practice of non-dying are implemented in the following way:
8.1. The principle of non-dying is considered in connection with
practice and follows the logic of past events. Since your perception always contains information about some event, it can be considered that the principle of eternity is in the event itself, and the practice is in your further thinking. By thus connecting a past event with a possible or psychologically desired future by a numerical series, you obtain a psychological state of being in conscious eternity. You transfer this psychological state to the entire infinite future. When you learn to do this easily enough, then you will have a state that controls eternal development. This state reproduces the property of the spirit that you can attribute to spiritual self-training of eternal life in everyday life.
8.2. For undying, you can imagine before each row that you use, three eights, a nine, and the numbers one and nine, written in words.
9. You can improve your health by adding after the numerical series of psychological standardization that you use the numbers 319 and the numbers of the current date, arranged in the order: year, month, day.
_A_
ABAZIA 814817 914212 31 – Impaired walking ability
while maintaining the ability to perform movements, walking.
ABSANS 518916 319717 81 – Short-term blackout,
blocking of consciousness.
ABSTINENCE 528419 319718 23 – A condition arising from
from the cessation of the effects of alcohol or drugs when inter-
sudden interruption in their reception.
SEXUAL ABSTINENCE 298714 318922 51 (possible)
abstinence from sexual activity) – The state of a subject deprived of
opportunities to have sex.
ABSTRACT 819314 919814 312 – cognitive process –
one of the basic operations of thinking; consists of identifying
certain characteristics of the studied integral object and
attraction from others.
ABULIA 419316 019817 311 – Pathological disorder
mental regulation of actions - psychopathological syndrome
, expressed by lethargy, a violation of the volitional impulse,
absence of desires and motivations for activity, inability
the ability to make a decision and perform the right action, although
the need for it is realized.
AVOKALIIA 518 514 318912 512 – A form of motor amusia,
in which the ability to reproduce go- melodies is lost
with a moose or on musical instruments.
AUTOAGGRESSION 5148 714 318 912 81 – (autoaggression) –
Aggressive behavior type – aggressive actions directed
by the subject on himself. Manifested in self-accusations,
self-abasement, self-harm, behavior
suicidal research.
AUTOHYPNOSIS 512 319 419817 47 – (autohypnosis, self-hypnosis)
noz) – Self-hypnosis – hypnosis caused by self-suggestion – in pro-
the opposite of heterohypnosis, which is caused by exposure to another
of the person.
AUTOCRATICISM 514 317 814918 9 – Social-
psychological characteristics of a person that reflects his/her personality
imperiousness, tendency to use undemocratic means
methods of influencing people - in the form of orders, instructions,
punishments and more.
AUTOMATION 498714 319814 914 – Transition from working
the action being taken to the level of unconscious control, when
the main role goes to perceptions and sensations, especially
kinesthetic.
AUTOMATISM 589318 714917 31 – (automatism of unconscious
(emyy) – Actions carried out without direct participation
consciousness – occurring “by themselves”, without conscious con-
troll.
AUTHORITARIANISM 514901609 – (autocracy) – Co-
social and psychological characteristics of personality, reflecting
her desire to subordinate her partner to her influence as much as possible
a ditch for interaction and communication.
AUTHORITARIAN 518 396 749810 – (imperious, directive-
(ny) - Personal characteristics of a subject or his behavior
in relation to other people, indicating a tendency to assert
their power and authority.
AUTHORITY 59481737 – 1. Influence, influence of an individual
yes, based on the position, job title, status he occupies
all and so on. In this sense, in social psychology the concept
is often associated with the idea of power. 2. Recognition for
individual's right to make decisions in the context of activity
joint. In this sense, the concept may not coincide with the power
stu: authority can be enjoyed by a person who is not endowed with it
with the appropriate powers, but serving as a kind of servant
moral standard and therefore possessing a high degree of
new references for others.
AUTHORITY 914 881712 – The ability to have a certain
shared weight among other people, to be a source for them
ideas, enjoy their respect and recognition.
AUTOSCOPY 594 899 706541 (heautoscopy) – Parapsycho-
a logical term denoting the emergence in an individual of a feeling
as if he sees himself as if from the outside. This phenomenon
men, can occur with excessive fatigue, which can
occur in individuals without mental disorders.
AUTO-SUGGESTION 519 311 (auto-suggestion) – Suggestion,
suggestion made by a person on himself (autosuggestion)
(tion). It involves the unification of the suggester and the suggester in one person.
gerenda.
AUTOTRAINING 498 017 999067 (autotraining) - training
autogenous.
AUTOEROTISM 538744898712 (autoeroticism) is a term
signifying the first phase of childhood sexual life, during
which uses various methods of sexual satisfaction
using parts of one's own body, and an outsider's
ect is completely absent.
AGGLUTINATION 519048 71042819 is one of the essential
characteristics of words used in internal speech. One
of the ways of creating images of imagination. In one image,
any qualities, properties, parts are united. The result can be
become a very bizarre image, sometimes far from reality.
AGGRAVATION 316718916888 – Exaggeration by an individual
the severity of the symptoms of an actually existing disease, its
symptoms or painfulness of their condition.
AGENT 599047889310 – In experiments on extrasensory perception
- a subject who must convey, communicate something percipiently
that.
AGNOSIA 599806719 319 – A condition in which the brain does not
can decipher information coming from normal
functioning receptors.
VISUAL AGNOSIA 488901 317 489 – Neuropsychological
logical disorder. Characterized by the loss of the ability to perceive
visual perception of objects (or their images) and phenomena
reality, although sufficient visual acuity is maintained.
AUDITORY AGNOSIA 589477918371 – Neuropsychological
a disorder characterized by loss of recognition ability
sounds, phonemes and noises.
SOCIAL AGNOSIA 598428317489 – attitude of a person
a man of his own life, in which he does not perceive
positive aspects of life and is unable to organize his de-
activity in such a way that it brings satisfaction.
TACTILE AGNOSIA 5994780798 – Neuropsychology
a disorder characterized by the loss of the ability to adequately
perception of objects by touch with sufficient adequate
the identities of individual tactile sensations – sensations of form,
mass, temperature.
AGORAPHOBIA 909841319 8049 – A type of neurosis, characteristic
pathological fear of open spaces, squares and
other.
AGRAMMATISM 9014089184778 – Neuropsychological
a disorder characterized by the loss of the ability to analyze grammar
tic structure of speech and grammatically correct use
speeches.
AGRAPHY 317488918710 – Writing disorders arising
in various speech disorders. They manifest either as a full-
a severe loss of the ability to write, or as a gross distortion of words,
omissions of syllables and letters, such as the inability to connect letters and
syllables into words, and so on.
AGGRESSIVENESS 519061 718910 is one of the innate
attitudes rooted in the sadistic phase of the libido. Expresses-
in the pursuit of offensive or violent action
pits aimed at causing damage or destruction of objects
project of attack.
AGGRESSION 528471 228911 – Individual or collective
negative behavior or action aimed at causing physical harm
physical or mental harm or even destruction
another person or group.
VERBAL AGGRESSION 978316918 71 – Form of ag-
of aggressive behavior, which uses the reaction of one's own
negative emotions both through appropriate into-
nations and other non-verbal components of speech, as well as through
threatening content of statements.
AGGRESSION INSTRUMENTAL 598777 888999016 –
Aggressive behavior in which aggressive actions are not
are the expression of emotional states: the purpose of actions
the subject showing aggression is neutral, and aggression is
changes only as a means to achieve this goal.
AGGRESSION INDIRECT 513718 91388901 – Behavior
aggressive, directed against a certain person or
the subject of aggression is hidden or not realized by the subject himself
sya.
DIRECT AGGRESSION 00598714 318 914 – Aggressive behavior
a deliberate act of a forceful nature, the purpose of which is not hidden.
AGGRESSION REACTIVE 489713519616 – Occurs as
the subject's reaction to frustration and is accompanied by emotional
states of anger, hostility, hatred, etc.
AGGRESSION PHYSICAL 598755898055 – Behavior
aggressive with the use of physical force, directed
against another subject or object.
ADAPTATION 519487917917 – 1. Adaptation of the structure and
functions of the body, its organs and cells to environmental conditions,
aimed at maintaining homeostasis. 2. Adaptation of the or-
ganov senses to the features of the influencing stimuli for their
optimal perception and protection of receptors from over-
cargo.
13
PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION 591478918988912 –
Adaptation of a person to the demands existing in society
and evaluation criteria through the assignment of norms and values
of this society.
ADAPTATION TOUCH 498016 714213 – Change
sensitivity of the analyzer, which serves to adjust it to
intensity of the stimulus; in general, adaptive change
decreased sensitivity to the intensity of the stimulus. Manifestation
and is also found in a variety of subjective effects. It can be achieved
be achieved by increasing or decreasing the overall sensitivity
sti. It is characterized by the range of sensitivity changes,
the speed of this change and selectivity (selectivity
(st) of changes relative to the adaptive effect.
physiological changes underlying adaptation affect
both peripheral and central links of the analyzer are involved. For
studies of the mechanisms of sensory adaptation and processes of re-
In general, the combination of neurophysiological and
logical and psychophysical methods.
ADAPTATION SOCIAL 548321819911 – Permanent
the process of integrating an individual into society, the process of active
adaptation of the individual to the conditions of the social environment, as well as
the result of this process. The ratio of these components is determined
determining the nature of behavior depends on the goals and orientation of values
individual's abilities and the possibilities of achieving them in the environment
cial. As a result, the formation of self-awareness is achieved
and role-playing behavior, the ability to self-control and self-service
living, the ability to adequately communicate with others.
ADAPTABILITY 319016 819728 – Functional Trends
the formation of a goal-oriented system, determined by the corresponding
or discrepancy between its goals and those achieved in the course of activities.
ity of the results. Adaptability is expressed in their consistency.
sti.
SOCIO-CULTURAL ADAPTABILITY
891488319 712 – in relation to tests means compliance
test assignments and test grades received for them, especially
cultural features that have developed in the society where the test is applied
is changed. Includes both changing the test tasks themselves,
and clarification of test standards. This requirement is important when borrowing
using a test from another country.
ADDITIVIITY 591 668 889 319 – a property of quantities,
standing in the fact that the quantity or property corresponding to the ce-
object, is always equal to the sum of the quantities or properties corresponding to
its parts, no matter how the object is divided into parts.
ADRENALINE 591 814 848 321 is a hormone produced
the adrenal medulla. Its activating action
the effect on the body is comparable to the effect of the nervous system
pathetic.
AGITIATION 291 814 888917 312 – affective reaction,
arising in response to a threat to life, an emergency situation and
other psychogenic factors. Manifested in the form of strong
anxiety, worry, loss of purposefulness of actions.
the hunter fusses and becomes capable of performing only simple tasks
automated actions. There is a feeling of emptiness and
lack of thoughts, the ability to reason is impaired, tiredness
to impose complex connections between phenomena. This is accompanied
obvious vegetative disorders: pallor appears,
rapid breathing, heartbeat, hand tremors, etc.
ACALCULIA 284061 718 329 488 – neuropsychological
a symptom characterized by a disorder of counting and counting operations
as a result of damage to various areas of the cerebral cortex,
go.
ACCOMMODATION 298 388014712 –
1. A mechanism consisting of
in changing the existing scheme to adapt it to the new
object or situation. In particular, a change in curvature
the lens of the eye to accurately focus the image on the network
chat.
2. Changing already established knowledge, skills and abilities
in accordance with the emergence of new conditions.
ACCELERATION 598069 788 061 – acceleration of somatic
development and physiological maturation of children and adolescents;
manifests itself in an increase in weight and body size (including in newborns)
born), in accelerated puberty.
ACT OF APPERCEPT 188917319871 – the process of organizing
higher order units: consciousness is capable of almost
to become extremely saturated with some content if it is active
but is combined into ever larger units. The ability to
the enlargement of units is found not only in the simplest
perceptual processes, but also in thinking.
IDEOMOTOR ACT 918714319848 – transition of representation
thoughts about muscle movement into the actual execution of this movement;
otherwise, the emergence of nerve impulses that provide movement
as soon as the idea of it arises. These acts of imper-
are voluntary, unconscious and usually have weakly expressed
spatial characteristics.
ACTIVATION 594887319827 – state of the nervous system,
characterizing the level of its excitation and reactivity. Defin-
is divided by modulating influences emanating from part of the system
nervous system, covering the limbic system and the struc-
ry of the reticular system of the brain. With a change in balance-
With these influences the intensity and qualitative characteristics change.
activation changes recorded in vegetative indicators – often
heart rate, skin resistance, arterial pressure
nal, changes in breathing, etc.
ACTIVATION: INDIVIDUAL LEVEL
891488918917 – the level of activity that is usual for every person
vations, against the background of which the activity is mainly carried out
ity. This level is a natural determinant of individual-
sti.
ACTIVATION: OPTIMAL LEVEL 591788 319488
– the level of maximum compliance with the state of the nervous system
behavioral act, as a result of which high
the effectiveness of its implementation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ACTIVATION 81972888998217 –
continuation of physiological activation. Associated with decoding-
of external signals, dependent on the level of wakefulness and
state of consciousness, as well as from needs, tastes, interests and
human plans.
PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVATION 598789988481 – connected
associated with the function of the centers located at the base of the brain
these centers contain the mechanisms of awakening; namely,
but at this level signals are collected and classified,
coming from the external world and from the organism itself, before they
– if they are important enough – they are sent to the cerebral cortex
large. The resulting activation of higher
centers allows the body to stay awake and attentively monitor
follow signals from the environment, which ensures its preservation.
improvement of physiological and mental balance.
ACTIVITY 519788919489 – system property
nervous, determined by unconditional reflex balance
processes of nervous excitation and inhibition and closely related
with the level of non-specific activation of the brain. Tract-
is considered an integral property of the nervous system.
ACTIVITY 589398719888 – a concept expressing the ability
the ability of living beings to produce voluntary movements and
change under the influence of external or internal stimuli
irritants, - a general characteristic of living beings,
their own dynamics as a source of transformation or sub-
maintaining vital connections with the environment. In psychology
appears in relation to activity, revealing itself as
the dynamic condition of its formation, implementation and modification
changes as a property of its own movement.
ACTIVITY SUPERSITUATIONAL 298481718 318 –
the ability to rise above the demands of the situation,
to achieve goals that are redundant from the standpoint of the original task. Its mediation
external and internal limitations are overcome by means of
careers of activity. It appears in the phenomena of creativity, ak-
cognitive activity, “selfless” risk, activity
beyond the norm.
ACTIVITY GENERAL 84197918712814 – one of the areas
manifestations of temperament. Determined by the intensity and volume
the concept of human interaction with the environment – physical and social
nal. According to this parameter, one can be inert, passive,
calm, proactive, active, impetuous.
ALIENATE ACTIVITY 598881488012 – defined
the neutralization of human activity when the action
is done to him by external or internal forces, which is why
a separation of a person from the results of his activities occurs.
An example is post-hypnotic behavior.
SEARCH ACTIVITY 566890789 128 – behavior,
aimed at changing a situation or attitude towards it
in the absence of a specific forecast of its results, but with
constant accounting of the degree of its effectiveness. In animals here
include all types of active-defensive behavior
self-stimulation, as well as orienting behavior. In humans,
loveka mental manifestations of search activity - important
an integral part of the processes of planning, fantasizing, etc.
MENTAL ACTIVITY: BIORHYTHM 319817919227
(biorhythms of human mental activity) - periodic
alternation of states of tension and relaxation in the mental
human activities
ACTIVITY EXCESSIVE 2489067180 1987
– one of the forms of manifestation of supra-situational activity. Expression
is the desire of an individual or group to increase official
the demands made by society on a certain type of activity
activity. Excessive activity is one of the most important indicators.
high efficiency group leaders; characterizes the group
as a genuine collective.
UPDATE 498712 888 189 – an action consisting of
retrieving learned material from long-term memory or
short-term for subsequent use upon recognition
recollection, recollection, or direct
reproduction. Characterized by varying degrees of difficulty-
of lightness or ease – depending on the level of preservation or
presence of the extracted material.
UPDATE 591 488 611 098 71 – Transfer from
the state of potential into a real, actual state.
HISTORICAL RELEVANCE 591 398 719 411 –
the ability of an individual to participate maximally in socio-cultural
tour processes with minimal damage to one's own
personality and the activities of its protective mechanisms. Overcomes
and excludes primitivist ideas about some kind of universal
the need for constant or episodic sacrifice
people and by people in the name of social progress.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ACOUSTICS 591 489319718 – raz-
of experimental psychology, dedicated to the study
sensations in response to sound stimuli.
PHYSIOLOGICAL ACOUSTICS 519 317 819 481 – raz-
of the physiology of the sense organs. Dedicated to the study of the law-
dimensions of the process of perception of sounds and construction of speech.
EMPHASIS 519 317 918 is one of the ways to create
images of the imagination. A certain detail or part of the value is highlighted.
logo and becomes dominant, bearing the main load.
Example: caricatures and cartoons.
ACCENTUATION 598421 – highlighting, emphasizing something
its property or feature against the background of others, its special development
tie. In psychology - somewhat exaggerated, but within the framework of psy-
chological norm development of some psychological traits
or characteristics of the subject.
ACCENTUATION ASTHENIC 5980912 488 916 – ha-
Characteristics include rapid fatigue, irritability, and a tendency to
to depression and hypochondria.
HYPERTHYMOUS ACCENTUATION 599048 – characteristic
constantly elevated mood, increased mental activity
activity with a thirst for activity and a tendency to scatter,
not to finish something.
ACCENTUATION DISTYMNAYA 918749318612 – character-
there is a predominance of low mood, a tendency towards depression
these, a focus on the dark and sad sides of life.
HYSTEROID ACCENTUATION 498748916318 (accentu-
demonstrative) - characterized by a pronounced tendency to
suppression of facts and events that are unpleasant for the subject, to falsehood
fantasy, fantasy and pretense used to attract
attention seeking; adventurism, vanity, "escape
into illness" with an unmet need for recognition.
ACCENTUATION CONFORMAL 89131488 99 00 1 – characterized by excessive subordination and dependence on opinion
others, lack of criticality and initiative, a tendency to
conservatism.
ACCENTUATION LABILE 489 216 – characteristic results
what a change in mood depending on the situation.
ACCENTUATION UNSTABLE 459 5178 – character-
have a tendency to be easily influenced by others, constantly
constant search for new experiences, companies, the ability to easily get used to
to establish contacts of a superficial nature.
PARANOID ACCENTUATION 319 008 6197 (ac-
centuation stuck) - characterized by increased suspicion
sensitivity and painful touchiness, persistence of negative
affects, desire for dominance, rejection of other people's opinions
gih; as a result - high conflict.
PSYCHASTHENIC ACCENTUATION 5948917214 –
characterized by high anxiety, suspiciousness, indecisiveness
ness, a tendency to introspection, constant doubts and
judgment, a tendency to form obsessions and rituals
actions.
SENSITIVE ACCENTUATION 598412688914 – characteristic
thorns increased sensitivity, timidity, aggravated
feeling of inferiority.
CYCLOID ACCENTUATION 918016718717 – characteristic
thorns alternation of phases of good and bad mood with different
period.
ACCENTUATION SCHIZOID 519 311899216 – charac-
thorns isolation, isolation, introversion, emotionality
coldness, manifested in the absence of empathy, in
difficulties in establishing emotional contacts; under-
the state of intuition in the process of communication.
ACCENTUATION EPILEPTOID 219317919817 – ha-
Characteristics include a tendency towards an angry, melancholy mood with accumulation
with surging aggression, manifested in fits of rage and
anger (sometimes with elements of cruelty); conflict, vis-
bone of thought, meticulous pedantry.
ACTION ACCEPTOR 594817994317 8 (result acceptor)
action tats) is a hypothetical psychophysiological apparatus
rat is a psychological mechanism for predicting and evaluating results.
actions in functional systems. It determines the organ-
the regulation of the body's motor activity in behavioral
act and is a model of the future result of the action - "in-
formational equivalent of the result."
ALALIA 519319 018716314 – neuropsychological symptom-
a volume characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of children
speech with normal hearing and a sufficient level of intelligence.
Alalia is caused by damage to the speech areas of the cerebral cortex.
during childbirth, diseases or injuries of the brain in pre-speech
your period of life.
ALGORITHM 514312 is a prescription that specifies, on the basis of the system,
we have established the sequence of operations, the precise execution of which
which allows solving problems of a certain class. In psycho-
logy - when studying management processes and procedures for performing
of regulations in various types of activities. Includes
indication of the initial data necessary for solving the problem and
criterion or rule by which the process of finding the result
tata is considered complete. Ability to solve the problem in general
in the form of – possession of certain general techniques for solving problems
divided class – means mastery of a certain algorithm.
ALEXITHYMIA 519318 814 317 – inability of the subject
name the emotions experienced by oneself or others, that is,
translate them into verbal form.
ALEXIA 299481319711 – reading disorder, disorder
reading aptitude – inability to read a text despite the ability to
inability; or the inability to master the process of reading. The emergence
cabins with damage to various parts of the cortex of the left hemisphere
(for right-handed people).
ALCOHOLISM 148543292 – alcohol abuse.
ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ADDICTION: PREVENTION
PSYCHOLOGICAL 148543292 5194 5194 (psychological
prevention of alcoholism and drug addiction) – methods of psychological
prevention of alcoholism and drug addiction.
ALCOHOLISM SECONDARY 148543292 228 (alcoholism
symptomatic) – the development of alcoholism against the background of another disease
mental disorders, such as schizophrenia.
ALCOHOLISM CHRONIC 148543292317 914 – At
chronic alcoholism as addiction to alcohol worsens
manifestations of withdrawal symptoms are eliminated, mental and physical
addiction to alcohol consumption (morbid consumption)
alcoholism in order to avoid mental and
physical discomfort that occurs when abstaining from alcohol
(coglya), pathological changes gradually appear in
internal organs, metabolic disorders, liver damage
ripheral nerves, functional organic changes
in the central nervous system. In parallel, degradation increases.
social and mental disorders, epilepsy and alcoholism appear.
naya and alcoholic psychoses.
ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS 489411319811 – general
a national organization uniting alcoholics who expressed
willingness to independently recover from alcoholism and help in
this to others, and their relatives.
ALBINISM 519317 819 887421 – hereditary anomaly
in humans and animals, characterized by partial or complete
absence of pigmentation of the skin, iris and hair,
feathers or wool. Caused by the absence of the enzyme tyrosine-
zy, involved in the synthesis of the pigment melanin.
ALTRUISM 498717319887 – value orientation system
personality traits in which the central motive and criterion of morality
the interests of another person or social
community. The central idea of altruism is the idea of selflessness.
as a non-pragmatically oriented activity, performed
my in the interests of other people and not implying real
rewards.
ALPHA-RHYTHM 519 314 – encephalogram rhythm in the state
relative rest. It has a frequency of 8 – 13 Hz and an average am-
30 – 70 μV – with periodic amplification and attenuation
(alpha spindles). Excited by thalamocortical and in-
tracortical processes. Analysis of alpha-characteristics
rhythm is important in studying cognitive processes, age
dynamics and individual characteristics.
ALPHA TRAINING 498799009611 – psychotherapeutic
a technique based on biological feedback. Conclusions
is in training - according to the scheme of instrumental conditioning -
regulation of such psychophysiological processes that
were previously considered beyond conscious control.
the instrumental signal output changes not only from the brain of the go-
logical, but also from other organs: the vascular system and the heart,
muscles, etc. In addition, alpha training is used as an element
meditative techniques), in which the goal is to achieve deep
lateral relaxation and entering into special states of consciousness,
associated with a slowdown in the frequency of electrical activity
brain.
AMBIVALENCE 319814819311 (duality,
ambiguity) – duality, ambiguity, sometimes pro-
contradictory. In the psychology of feelings it means duality
experience, the joint presence in the soul of two opposites
of seemingly incompatible aspirations concerning one
object - for example, likes and dislikes.
AMBIVALENCE OF FEELINGS 591489 718 14 - Disagree-
the contradictoriness, inconsistency of several simultaneously tested
feelings expressed towards a certain object; contradictory
the subject's positive attitude towards the object is a simultaneous direction
laziness towards one and the same object of opposite feelings.
A complex of emotional states associated with duality
relationship - with simultaneous acceptance and rejection.
AMBIDEXTRIA 391814919007 - congenital or expressed
the training-induced equal development of the functions of both hands - without
highlighting the leading hand.
AMBITION DISORDER OF CONSCIOUSNESS
4180981917 8 – the state of his incoherence, – characteristic: 1)
complete loss of orientation in the outside world - when the loss
self-awareness is reduced and the memorization of new information is disrupted
information; 2) motor excitement; 3) hallucination-
we; 4) the absence of memories of this state when it
passes.
AMIMIYA 419317819917 – weakening or inhibition of mi-
mics, which occurs in diseases of the nervous system and some
other mental illnesses. Amimia, which occurs when
extrapyramidal system disorder, is a manifestation
disturbances of the motor components of emotional and input reactions
leads to general akinesia syndrome. When the frontal lobes are affected,
brain amimia is caused by disturbances in the sphere
emotional and is part of the frontal lobe syndrome.
AMNESIA 41854328 - memory impairment, often expressed
a severe loss of the ability to retain memory of the cold again.
information. They cover periods from several minutes
up to several years. They arise from various local po-
brain lesions.
ANTERETROGRADE AMNESIA 418543298 – violation
memory of events that occurred after the onset of the disease
or after the moment of injury. In this case, the brain loses the ability to
the ability to transfer information from short-term to long-term memory
temporary. It can cover periods of varying duration.
odes.
AMNESIA PROTECTIVE 4185432319 – memory impairment,
manifested in the form of forgetting (repression) of the unpleasant, traumatic
worldly past experience.
INFANTILE AMNESIA 418543252 1 – peculiar
a form of amnesia; in most people it affects the early years
childhood - up to the sixth or eighth year of life.
AMNESIA HYSTERICAL 4984185432 – peculiar
a form of amnesia in neurotics, the source of which is amnesia of the in-
fanciful.
POSTHYPNOTIC AMNESIA 41854321 (amnesia
posthypnotic) - memory impairments manifested as
occurrence of events that occurred during a hypnotic session.
RETROGRADE AMNESIA 4185432418 – manifests itself in
in the form of memory impairment for events preceding the disease
or trauma; events that occurred during the period are forgotten
several hours, days, and sometimes years before the disease.
EXPERIMENTAL AMNESIA 94185432 – method
to test various hypotheses about the functioning of memory,
where pharmaco-
drugs, hypoxia, electroconvulsive shock. Due to
their actions are interrupted by electrical activity, ensuring
preserving the trace in short-term memory, and preventing
its transition to long-term memory is being achieved.
AMOK 9184819 is an ethno-specific term meaning
psychopathological syndrome, characterized by sudden onset
development of a panic state (panic) with a change in consciousness
twilight type (twilight clouding of consciousness) and
an uncontrollable desire to move in one direction,
crushing and breaking everything that stands in the way, and killing those who do this
interferes. Continues until the patient is stopped or until he
will not fall from powerlessness.
AMUZIA 498017 - loss of ability to understand or perform
understand music, write and read notes. Occurs when damaged
temporal regions of the cortex of the right hemisphere of the brain (in right-handed people)
head due to musical hearing impairment. Manifested in
failure to recognize known melodies, difficulty in perception and
reproduction of rhythmic sound combinations (arrhythmia). Often
combined with auditory agnosia, in which they cease to distinguish
normal sounds or noises may occur.
ANACLYSIS 498317814218 is a concept meaning excessive
measured emotional dependence of an individual on other people.
He begins to feel that his thoughts, feelings and motivations
nia arise simultaneously with the appearance of the same conditions in
people with whom he is in an analytical relationship. This fe-
the nomen is interpreted as a regression of behavior to the stage
unity of the child with the mother, when such a connection was natural-
Noah.
ANALYSIS 3198 – the process of dismembering a whole object or
phenomena into their component parts - in terms of mental representations
or material modeling. Analysis is inextricably linked with
synthesis.
ACTIVE ANALYSIS 31978 is a method of psychotherapy that combines
It reveals elements of psychoanalysis (primarily the associative method)
ny) and other psychotherapeutic methods.
BIOENERGETIC ANALYSIS 898317418 – form of te-
forest-oriented psychotherapy. When conducting the analysis
bioenergetics first sets the task of determining the type of char-
character, that is, to find such things in the client’s physical organization
areas where normal functioning does not occur due to muscle tension
small movement of "psychic energy". After this work
moves on to “shaping a new body” through exercise,
based on the tension and relaxation of certain muscles;
release of breath; bodily expression of emotions. Presupposed
It is believed that the energy previously associated with muscular tension
the psychic can again become available to the client.
GRAPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 598421918411 – revealed
the study of individual psychological variability of handwriting.
It is used to identify manuscripts (for example, signatures)
this) and to determine mental states or character traits
logical features of the author of the manuscript.
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE 419 4118 – in psychology –
a statistical method that allows one to analyze the influence of differences
personal factors (features) on the studied (dependent) variable
belt. The essence of the analysis of variance is the decomposition
(variance) of the measured feature into independent components,
each of which characterizes the influence of a certain factor or
their interactions. Subsequent comparison of such terms
allows you to evaluate the significance of each factor and their combination
tions.
CATEGORICAL ANALYSIS 214217814318 – in psychol-
gyi is a method of studying the development of psychological knowledge as
activities, the elements of which are specific scientific categories,
reproducing various aspects of mental reality:
image, action, motive, etc.
CAUSAL-DYNAMIC ANALYSIS 918317418978
– methodological strategy - designed to highlight
units of the psychic: different from the usual analysis, decomposing
breaking the whole into its constituent elements, and the quality of the whole is lost.
in causal-dynamic analysis is considered
such a minimal element in which the whole is still revealed.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 419718918912 – research method
psychological studies that do not use quantitative data.
indicators, but drawing conclusions only on the basis of logical reasoning.
statements on the facts obtained.
CLUSTER ANALYSIS 498 311 819217 – mathematical
a procedure for analyzing multidimensional data that allows, on the basis of many
of indicators characterizing a number of objects, grouped
to organize them into classes – clusters – so that objects within a class
were more homogeneous and similar than objects of different classes.
owls. Based on the numerical parameters of objects, the following are calculated:
distances between them, expressed in the Euclidean metric (sa-
my used) or in others. The method is widely used in
psycholinguistics.
CONTROL ANALYSIS 91891791987 – psychoanalytic
a procedure that serves the purposes of professional training
psychoanalysts, in which the future psychoanalyst participates in
as an intern in the second year of study. At the same time, he is independent
clearly conducts psychoanalytic sessions with the client, but
After each session, discuss it with your teacher,
what uses stenographic records, where the dia-
log with the client and the intern's own comments.
ANALYSIS SHORT 519515819891 – a form of psychoanalysis,
characterized by its focus only on local topics, relevant
the nature of which was determined at the stage of preliminary psy-
chodiagnostics. The main procedures for its implementation are
analysis of free associations and transfer are used. Application of the analysis
Liza Korotkogo is especially effective in fairly light conditions
forms of neurotic symptoms and actual psychological
ical conflicts.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS 319317819817 – method of sta-
tistic assessment of the form, sign and closeness of the connection of the studied
signs or factors. Allows for a very short time to
obtain a large amount of data for a large number of subjects.
It is applicable in a number of special cases when the experimental sub-
the move is difficult or even impossible - for example, for ethical reasons
considerations. Allows you to obtain information based on
based on more diverse samples and closer to the essence
reality existing in society - as opposed to laboratory
experiments.
ANALYSIS OF THE FEATURES OF SPEECH COMMUNICATION
491874319887 is one of the projective techniques related to
group of methods for studying expression.
HANDWRITING ANALYSIS 4193179198 is one of the design methods
tive, related to the group of methods for studying expression.
DIRECT ANALYSIS 914 318901008 – a method of psychotherapy.
It is a form of psychoanalysis that is specifically focused on
treatment of schizophrenia. A characteristic feature of the method is
the desire to psychoanalytically interpret not only the dreams of the client-
ent, but also all his actions: observable behavior; suddenly
thoughts that come to mind; various quirks and oddities.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS 5193179182279 – method of sta-
istic, allowing to study the dependence of the value of the average
of some quantity from the variation of another quantity or not
how many quantities (in this case, the plural is used)
regression analysis). Regression analysis is used pre-
mainly in empirical research when solving problems
questions related to the assessment of certain influences (for example, the influence
intellectual giftedness on academic performance, motives - on
behavior), when constructing psychological tests, etc.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS 319814 918217 – an approach to the study
the study of objects and phenomena, expressed in their consideration as
developing systems - with the allocation of the structure of the system and
the laws of transformation and development of the system as a whole.
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS 598411 818 711 (analysis
transactional, interaction analysis) - Psychoanalytically oriented
oriented direction of psychology. Research method and
treatment of emotional disorders aimed at correcting
nization of relationships with people and overcoming difficulties.
ANALYSIS EDUCATIONAL 519 5173198 – psychoanalytic
a procedure that serves the purposes of education of highly qualified
baths of psychoanalysts. The future psychoanalyst participates in
consulting your teacher as a client.
FACTOR ANALYSIS 531488 918 – multivariate method
mathematical statistics, used in the study of statistics
tistically related features in order to identify certain
a large number of factors hidden from direct observation.
With the help of factor analysis, not only is the relationship established
changes in one variable with a change in another, but determined
the extent of this connection is determined and the main factors that lead to
underlying the indicated changes.
EXISTENTIAL ANALYSIS 319314819 008 – one
from the directions of modern psychoanalysis - aimed at is-
following the personality in all its fullness and uniqueness of its existence
existence – existence. Existential analysis comes from
philosophical premise that what is truly personal in a human being is
ke is revealed only when he is freed from the
formal connections with the world, the social environment. Human beings
existence is interpreted in the context of three temporal modes –
past, present and future; symptoms of neurotic
disorders occur when, due to the predominance of one of these
modes there is a narrowing of the inner world of the individual and a limitation
narrowing the horizon of her existential vision.
ANALYZER 498 614 33019 – designation of the functional-
unit responsible for receiving and analyzing sensory information
formations of any one modality. The analyzer is a part
reflex apparatus, which also includes: the mechanism of is-
additional - a set of command neurons, motor neurons
new and motor units; and special neurons – modulators-
neurons that change the degree of excitation of other neurons.
TASTE ANALYZER 890 319718471 – neurophysio-
a logical system whose operation provides a unique
analysis of chemicals entering the oral cavity.
MOTOR ANALYZER 234891718411 – neuro-
physiological system through which analysis is carried out
and synthesis of signals coming from the organs of movement. Participates
ability to maintain constant muscle tone of the body and coordination
movements.
ANALOGY 498712 8901 – Similarity between objects in non-
in which relation. The use of analogy in cognition is the basis
va for putting forward assumptions, guesses, hypotheses. Tasks for
the establishment of analogies is part of the content of psychodiagnostic
surveys. Difficulties in finding similarities between
objects by abstract feature can be an indicator
insufficient development of thinking or its disorders.
ANALGESIA 219014 8901 519 – Reduction or complete
elimination of pain sensitivity.
ANANKE 891714 219 372 (ananka) – real need, natural
urgent necessity.
ANDROGEN 498 071 319807 – Male sex hormones,
produced primarily in the testes. The most active
ny – testosterone – plays an important role in the development of male
organs.
ANDROGYNY 989014 319788 – Concept for designation
people who successfully combine both traditionally masculine and
traditionally feminine psychological qualities. Androgyny –
an important psychological characteristic of a person that determines
the ability to change one's behavior depending on the situation.
It promotes the development of resistance to stress, in particular
achieving success in various areas of life.
ANESTHETIC 59189171 481 – Substance used for
suppression of sensitivity to pain.
ANIMA 591048 789371 – feminine principle.
ANIMISM 898 319781 489087 – Ideological pre-
presentations in which the animate are considered to be practically
all objects that are in some connection with human activity
body.
CHILDREN'S ANIMISM 219014 319811 – Children's ideas
those according to which even inanimate objects are animate.
lent. This is especially typical for children of five years of age.
grows and disappears as the socio-cognitive development progresses
development.
ANIMUS 214318819715 – masculine principle.
ANOMIA 598712 819 301 – A concept for explaining behavior
deviant behavior: suicide, apathy, disappointment, etc.
Expresses a historically conditioned process of destruction
the development of basic elements of culture - primarily in terms of norms
ethical - with a fairly sharp change in social ideals
and morals.
ANTILOCALIZATIONISM 891041519719 091 – Neuro-
a psychological school that recognized that the state
The central brain is a single and undifferentiated whole
the work of which determines the functioning of all pro-
mental processes equally. It was believed that when
in any area of the brain there is a general decline in function.
mental disorders, the degree of which depends on the extent of the damage
area.
ANTIPSYCHIATRY 391489 011 989 – Psychological
doctrine and ideological teaching aimed at demythologization,
exposure and radical restructuring of modern psychiatry
ria as a mass form of violence.
ANTICIPATION 2193178 – The ability of a system in some
in some form to foresee the development of events, phenomena, results
actions. In psychology, two semantic aspects of this are distinguished-
go concepts:
1) the ability to imagine a possible outcome
tat action before its implementation, and also to present a way to re-
solving a problem before it is actually solved (intuition-
tion);
2) the body's ability to prepare for a reaction to some
a second event before its occurrence; this is an expectation (or reflection
(preceding) is usually expressed in a certain pose or
movement and is provided by the action acceptor mechanism.
ANTHROPOGENESIS 219214 8179101 – The process of origin
man (homo sapiens), the origin and development of all species
genus Man (Homo), considered in biological and psych-
in the Czech plan.
ANTHROPOLOGY 248318719 417 – Biological science of
the origin and evolution of the physical organization of man and
human races. Sometimes the term is understood in a broader sense –
as a set of sciences about man.
ANTHROPOMORPHISM 918417 489217 – The idea of
the presence of mental properties and abilities in animals,
existing only for man.
ANTHROPOPHOBIA 498716 019811 – A type of neurosis, characterized by
suffering from a pathological fear of people and crowds.
ANEROSIA 888017 918 341 – Lack of sexual desire.
ANESTHETIC 514 317 988 277 – Deprived of sensory
nost.
APATHY 938 781 411 8779801 – A condition characteristic of
emotional passivity, indifference, simplification
feelings, indifference to surrounding events and weakening
motivations and interests. It occurs against the background of reduced physical
ological and psychological activity. It is formed as a result of
a long-term mental disorder, sometimes arising
It occurs in some organic lesions of the brain.
It can be observed in dementia, and is a consequence of prolonged
living somatic disease.
APNEA 841900 191 891 – More or less prolonged
respiratory depression.
VESTIBULAR APPARATUS 219 398 481 711 – part
the ear labyrinth, which includes the semicircular canals and two
cavities - sacculus and utriculus; responsible for the perception of
positioning and head movements.
MOTOR APPARATUS 914 718 019 487 – physiological
a logical system, due to the work of which the construction and execution of
movements. It consists of the skeleton, muscles, tendons, nerves
centers and pathways - afferent and efferent.
EQUIPMENT PSYCHOLOGICAL914318
7190973214598 – devices, instruments and equipment used
used to record and measure mental processes,
functions and states.
APPERCEPTION 981 0191 38923109 – a property of perception,
existing at the level of consciousness and characterizing personality
level of perception. Reflects the dependence of perception on
past experience and attitudes of the individual, from the general content
mental activity of a person and his individual characteristics
features.
APRAXIA 419 891 39980319 (apractoagnosia) – violation
voluntary purposeful movements and actions, impossible
the ability to perform purposeful movements under normal conditions
the functioning of the intellect and the motor and sensory systems
weed.
ARTIFACT 5194 3918019 99801 – Phenomenon or effect,
brought into the experiment by the researcher.
CLINIC ARTIFACT 594 7128918 019 – special behavioral
psychiatric disorders that occur in patients with psychiatric
clinics as a reaction to a new, stressful situation, where they
are subject to: forced hospitalization, lack of meaningful
disciplinary activities, limiting social contacts, etc.
ARCHETYPE 541 318 016 – a term of analytical psychology
means the essence, form and method of connection of inherited unconscious
original prototypes and structures of the psyche, passing from generation to generation.
generation. Archetypes provide the basis for behavior,
structuring of personality, understanding of the world, internal unity
the relationship between culture and mutual understanding.
ARCHIVING 891001 89819 – structuring and organizing
the consolidation of information into long-term memory.
ASYMMETRY 519064 08918 – absence or violation
symmetry.
ASYMMETRY INTERHEMISPHERIC 418718391 488 –
characteristics of the distribution of mental functions between
left and right ears: when performing the same functions
In mental cases the left hemisphere is the leading one, in others – the right one
howl.
ASYNCHRONICITY 519718314 812 – characteristic of the pro-
processes that do not coincide in time.
ASKESIA 498714 819 – an ancient concept meaning preparation
training of athletes for sports competitions. In the future, they will receive
lo expanded interpretation and came to mean the fight against vices
and the desire for a virtuous life.
ASSIMILATION 419712 819 – a mechanism that ensures
use of previously acquired skills in new conditions and
skills without changing them significantly: by means of new
the object or situation is combined with the set of pre-
metas or another situation for which a scheme already exists.
ASSOCIATION 548714 3198 01 – One of the main
directions of world psychological thought, explaining the di-
namics of mental processes by the principle of association.
ASSOCIATION 591 482 891098 – The connection between the mental-
phenomena, formed under certain conditions, under which
the second actualization (perception, representation) of one of them
entails the emergence of another. Psychophysiological basis
associations are conditioned reflexes. In social psychology,
a group where there is no unifying activity that unites it together
naya, organization and management, and value orientations, based on
environments of interpersonal relationships, manifested in conditions
group communication.
ASTASIA 918008 969314 – impairment of ability to stand,
caused by a violation of the coordination of the body's muscles during extensive
lesions of the frontal lobes and body of the medulla callosum of the brain.
ASTENIK 555 8910198 45 – an individual with the following
body features: thinness, narrow shoulders and chest
cage, long legs, elongated face, long and thin nose.
Asthenics usually have schizoid or schizothymic traits.
a temperament characterized by isolation, withdrawal, and inconsistency
as a result of responses to external stimuli, increased
vulnerability with emotional coldness, experience
asthenic feelings.
ASTENIA 456 891 01 2139 – 1. Weakness of the nervous
mental; manifested in increased fatigue and exhaustion
sensitivity, reduced threshold of perception, extreme instability
mood swings, sleep disorders. Occurs as a result of different
diseases, with excessive mental and physical stress
overstrain, prolonged negative experiences and
conflicts. 2. The defining property of character. To asthenic-
The group includes two varieties - asthenics and psychasthenics.
niks (psychasthenia). Their common properties are increased sensitivity
ity and rapid exhaustion. They are excitable and exhaustible.
in the neuropsychic sense.
ASTEREOGNOSIA 531 488914 019 – a type of tactile agnosia
noy; manifests itself in the inability to recognize familiar objects
when palpating them with closed eyes. It is caused by
expression of secondary cortical fields of the parietal region of the brain
head, leading to a disorder of analysis and synthesis of various
cutaneous-kinesthetic sensations entering the cortex of the body
the brain region when palpating an object, and weakening
tactile images of objects.
ASTROLOGY 489717 319481 – Ancient Teaching on Influence
celestial bodies on earthly life, including fate and behavior
human development.
ATAVISM 891012 31978014 – manifestation by the body in the course of
its growth of certain characteristics inherited from its distant ancestors
kov, and previously these features performed an important adaptive function.
important role, later lost.
BRAIN ATTACK 318319 489 061 (brainstorming) – me-
a technique for stimulating creativity and productivity.
ATTRIBUTION 918919 818 714 – attribution to social
objects (person, group, social community) are characterized by
sticks that are not presented in the field of perception. Attribution is the main
a new way of “completing” the directly perceived
information. In domestic psychology, social attribution
is considered as a mechanism for many social processes;
its role in intergroup interaction and regulation is shown
marital relations, in the emergence of conflicts of production
governmental, etc.
CAUSAL ATTRIBUTION 498714318712 – interpret-
the human perception of interpersonal causes and motives
behavior of other people.
ATROPHY 314812 819714 – degeneration of organic
structures. In psychology it is used in the sense of degeneration
some mental function from lack of exercise or from unfavorable
pleasant, traumatic effects - long-term
stress, conflict, frustration, drugs, intoxication and
etc.
ATTRACTION 314819 719 579 – a concept meaning the appearance
lection in the perception of a person's attractiveness
one of them for the other.
AUDIENCE 319481919241. In psychology - a group,
receiving speech. Usually spatially located
a small group united by interaction with a communicator
during the perception of a speech message.
AUTISM 428 516 319017 is a concept meaning extreme
the form and state of psychological alienation, expressed in
withdrawal, “departure”, “flight” of the individual from contacts with the active
reality and immersion in the closed world of one's own
experiences when the voluntary organization of thinking is disrupted
is due to its subordination to affective needs.
CHILDHOOD AUTISM 428 516 3190 – a child’s characteristic or
a teenager whose development is characterized by a sharp decrease in con-
tact with others, poorly developed speech and a peculiar
reaction to changes in the environment.
AUTISM EARLY CHILDHOOD 428 516 319017 491 – cli-
syndrome, the main symptoms of which are: congenital non-
the child's ability to establish affective contact
by means of gaze, facial expressions and gestures, and not conditioned
low intellectual level; stereotypical behavior;
unusual reactions to stimuli; speech development disorders
early manifestation (before the 30th month of life).
APHASIA 491819 319 812 – complete or partial loss of ability
speech abilities; speech disorder that occurs with local
lesions of the cortex of the left hemisphere of the brain (in the right
neck). It is a systemic disorder of various types.
of speech activity. Manifested in violations of phonematics-
logical, morphological and syntactic structures of speech and
attention to speech while maintaining the movements of the speech apparatus and
elementary forms of hearing.
AFONIA 519 317 919 064819 – loss of voice while maintaining
of holistic speech. It arises due to organic or functional
nal disorders in the larynx (vocal cords, laryngeal
muscles). In particular, it happens: when the vocal
ligaments of lecturers; in case of sudden and strong emotions; when using
terii.
AFFECT 598071 319498 – strong and relatively short-
temporary neuropsychic excitement - emotional
a condition associated with a sharp change in important factors for the subject
life circumstances. Accompanied by sharply expressed
motor manifestations and changes in the functions of the internal
organs, loss of volitional control and violent expression
emotional experiences. It arises in response to an already
an event that has passed and is, as it were, shifted towards its end. The affect develops
occurs in critical conditions when the subject is unable to
find an adequate way out of dangerous, often unexpected
situations.
AFFECT: ACCUMULATION 8071 319498 918 – process
long-term accumulation of negative emotions is not small
of force with subsequent discharge in the form of a stormy and small
controlled affective explosion, occurring without visible consequences
reasons.
AFFECT OF INADEQUACY 071 319498 489 – negative
a physical emotional state that occurs in response to an un-
success, failure. Characteristically or by denying the very fact of non-
success, or by shifting responsibility for it onto others.
It can manifest itself in increased resentment, mistrust,
suspiciousness, aggressiveness and negativity.
AFFECTIVE 319 814518017 – relating to the state of
of pleasure or displeasure; associated with sensations,
emotions, passions, feelings, thoughts.
AFFERENTATION 459 714 899 081 – constant flow
nerve impulses entering the central nervous system
from the sense organs that perceive information both from
from external stimuli (exteroception) and from internal ones
organs (interoception). It is directly dependent on
the strength of stimuli and the saturation of the environment with them, as well as from the
standing - activity or passivity - of an individual.
AFFERENTATION MODIFIED 314571089384 – spec-
physical response of the body to sharply changed, un-
conditions of existence. Particularly clearly manifested
occurs when exposed to weightlessness, when the affect changes sharply.
Rent from the otolith device, musculoskeletal apparatus
that, cardiovascular and other systems. In subjects, for the first time,
those experiencing weightlessness experience a feeling of falling,
failures accompanied by negative emotions.
AFFERENT 498741 818 299 – characteristics of the central
the rapidity of the processes of nervous excitation - their direction
laziness along the nervous system from the periphery to the center, in particular
sti, to the brain.
AFFILIATION 591 394 818 544 – the desire to be in the community
the presence of other people, the need for communication, for the implementation
emotional contacts, in manifestations of friendship and love.
_B_
BARBITUROMANIA 498714 319888 – a type of substance abuse.
Characterized by the need for constant use of barbiturates.
PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER 498714 889057 – mental
a state of mind manifested as inadequate passivity, pre-
hindering the performance of certain actions, - internal
obstacle of a psychological nature: reluctance, fear, un-
confidence, etc. In social behavior, barriers are psychological-
ical are represented by communication barriers (barriers
communication), manifested in the lack of empathy, in harshness
interpersonal attitudes, social and other; as well as barriers
frames of meaning.
BARRIER OF SEMANTIC 598 069 49812 – mutual misunderstanding
the feeling between people that arises during communication is a consequence of the fact that
that the participants in the conversation attribute the same events to
pits have different meanings and see different motivations in their depths.
ESCAPE INTO ILLNESS 591398 712 889 – concept and concept-
tion, recording and explaining the causes and mechanism of a number of
mental illnesses, especially neuroses, characterized by the presence of
due to a person’s unconscious desire to get sick and
sinking into illness as a means and method of protection from conflict
and reality.
ESCAPE FROM FREEDOM 498881019781 – concept and con-
concept that records and explains the causes and mechanisms
the action of dynamic factors of the psyche that motivate a person
centuries to the voluntary renunciation of freedom.
CONVERSATION 519317919 891 – in psychology – a method of obtaining
information based on verbal communication; refers to
survey methods.
CLINICAL CONVERSATION 51931791419 018 – method of semi-
obtaining information through oral questioning of the client and conducting
conducting a therapeutic conversation when providing psychological,
psychiatric and medical care.
HELPLESSNESS LEARNED 519371 818911 – co-
a state that occurs in humans and animals after a sufficient amount of
prolonged aversive influence, which cannot be avoided
In animals, learned helplessness manifests itself in inhibition.
reduction of motor behavior, weakening of biological motivations
vations, impaired ability to learn new skills, and
also the emergence of various somatic disorders -
hair loss, high blood pressure, ulceration
the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, decrease
general resistance of the body, etc. A person is helpless
learned ness manifests itself in emotional disorders
(depression or neurotic anxiety); the appearance of dis-
psychosomatic structures.
HELPLESSNESS COGNITIVE 519891319488 –
a psychological state or situation in which an individual,
having the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities to solve the problems
task, due to a number of reasons of a cognitive nature,
is unable to solve it.
UNCONSCIOUS 591008 719311 –
1. The totality of mental processes, acts and states, caused by phenomena of reality, in relation to which there is no subjective, conscious control, and in the influence of which the subject is not aware. The unconscious is everything that does not become the subject of special actions for awareness.
2. The form of reflection of the mental in which the image is real
ness and the subject's attitude towards it do not act as an object
special reflection and constitute an inseparable whole.
UNCONSCIOUS HIGHER 519 377898 997 (super-
knowledge) – higher feelings and abilities, intuition, inspiration.
UNCONSCIOUS COLLECTIVE 7898 898 742 –
a special form of social existence of the unconscious
as a storehouse, custodian and carrier of genetically inherited
experience of phylogenetic development of mankind. Special class
mental phenomena, which, unlike the unconscious
individual (personal) are the bearers of experience of philo-
netic development of mankind.
UNCONSCIOUS PERSONAL 318 482 55946192 – form-
is reflected in the development of individual human experience and is
the contents that they displace are complexes.
UNCONSCIOUS LOWER 598 484 558 7191 – in-
stinctive impulses, passions, primitive desires, etc.
UNCONSCIOUS SOCIAL 428 01916 559
89014213 - the unconscious, common to most people, -
repressed elements, the content of which is what the given
society cannot allow its members to realize that
if it intends to continue to operate successfully on the basis of
its own contradictions.
UNCONSCIOUS MIDDLE 8819905191714213 –
thoughts and feelings that can be easily recognized.
UNCONSCIOUSNESS 489 091319611 – one of the recognized
kov mental, which, however, is not characteristic.
BILO 591319 811 799 is an ethno-specific term meaning
a form of psychotherapy practiced in folk medicine
Madagascar, aimed at harmonizing the self-esteem of the sick
tormented by neurotic symptoms (irritability-
anxiety, worry, worry).
BIOLOGISM 429 312 918 542 is one of the reasons why
it was not without reason that behaviorism invoked its refusal to study co-
knowledge, - lack of information about the corresponding neural mechanisms-
nisms; the state of science at that time did not allow objective analysis
to come to the study of the role of the brain in the phenomena of consciousness.
BIOPSYCHISM 489712 819 32281 – theory in natural science,
according to which the psyche is attributed to all living things, incl.
tea plants.
EVOLUTIONARY BIOPSYCHOLOGY 891498 719 422 –
sometimes this name combines the psychology of comparison
physical and zoopsychology.
BIOPHIL 319 415888 78219 (biophilic) – personality and type
individuals focused on love for living things and creation.
The opposite concept is necrophiliac.
BIOPHILIA 498 889 317428 (biophilic orientation) –
one of the types of general, fundamental orientation,
defining way of life and manifested in attraction to
life and all living things, in the desire to love, to do good and
create.
BIOENERGETICS 918714 – the main goal of therapy is to
the return of man to his “primary nature” – to the state of being
extreme pleasure, freedom of movement, liberation
body, including it in life. “Return to the body” is realized
through special exercises based on tension
ing and relaxing certain muscle groups, as well as
verbal ways of releasing pent-up emotions.
BISEXUALITY 591488989784 (predisposition
bisexual) - "double sexuality" - a concept that reflects
the dual nature of sexuality, due to the presence of
in each individual there are male and female elements, depending on
dependence on the development and the relationship of which the correspondence is formed
responsible type of sexual preferences and behavior.
BEHAVIORISM 918491519 318 – direction in the American-
psychology of the 20th century. Behaviorism developed as a direction
with a clear natural science bias, and its founders attempted to
tried to find forms of an objective approach to mental life.
According to behaviorists, concepts such as awareness, experience,
suffering, etc. cannot be considered scientific, because they
as a product of self-observation, they are subjective and cannot be fixed.
sations by objective, scientific means. The subject of study
can be behavior, activity. Activity, external and
internal, described through the concept of reaction, to which it refers
changes in the body that could be recorded are observed
objectively.
GEMINI DIVINATES 591848 – twins, developing
from two different eggs from simultaneous fertilization.
creations by two different spermatozoa. They can be of one or
of different sexes and exhibit the same differences as normal
brothers and sisters.
PROXIMITY 399016488 917 – a type of situation that includes
two and providing opportunities for personal affirmation
values based on cooperation that is generated by mutual
with adaptive behavior aimed at achieving
the feeling of increasing mutual satisfaction and a sense of security
the dangers of his position.
BRAIN BLOCK489718916314–structural-
functional model of brain localization of functions, psych-
higher logical man.
BOVARISM 591 318 719488 is a term denoting clinical-
a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to conduct clear
which line between reality and fantasy, a tendency
replace the real with the imaginary. In this case, the imaginary world
can have both a positive valence (“dreams of desires”),
as well as negative (“fantasies of fears”).
WAKE 48931748519 – otherwise – active state
nie. In Western psychology, it is traditionally considered as
a state of activation of the entire organism, allowing it to capture
to detect, select and interpret signals from the outside world,
edit some of them into memory or react to them
adequate or inadequate behavior - depending on
previous experience and skills.
DISEASE 548764319 017 – purely practical summary
a concept meaning the threshold of summation of predisposition and per-
thinning, as a result of which many people move from the category
healthy into the category of the mentally ill, or vice versa.
DOWN DISEASE 519517819 31 (Trisomy 21) – Congenital
anomaly caused by the presence of an additional, third
chromosome 21 (hence the other name). Patients differ
Mongoloid facial features and slight debility.
PAIN 498712891319 – a mental condition that occurs
as a result of extremely strong or destructive impacts on
an organism when its existence or integrity is threatened.
FEAR 891 019 4918808 – a state of expectation of danger and
preparation for it.
DELIRIUM 8142351 (delusional phenomenon) – Formed as a result of
diseases are a set of various ideas, concepts,
statements and conclusions that do not correspond to reality, in
which a person cannot be dissuaded.
BUREAUCRACY 498712 818914 – in the psychological aspect-
those are a phenomenon that arises in the context of non-economic relations
between the impersonal administrative apparatus and the social object
ectome, excluding the impact on this device from the outside
people. The governing apparatus, turning into a united elite,
opposes any social change or strives to
to adapt to them while maintaining the existing levers of power.
It can manifest itself at any level of functioning of society.
of the internal device: at the level of organizations, primary sub-
divisions. Its most important features are strict regulation of
management and methods of transmitting information at all levels
management and execution, authoritarianism of consciousness, conformism.
Bureaucracy requires an individual to accept the situation without question.
the existing order of things, the absence of one's own positions,
uncritical adherence to a prescribed pattern, preservation
"psychological distance" between the ruling elite and
subordinates. It also manifests itself socio-psychologically
in resistance to innovation, personal initiative, creativity
search, in the cultivation of incompetence and careerism.
_IN_
VALIDITY 519317418 914 is one of the most important characteristics
the theristics of psychodiagnostic methods and tests, one of the main
main criteria of their quality. This concept is close to the concept
reliability, but not quite identically. Validity indicates
ie, what exactly the test or methodology measures and how well
this does; the more valid they are, the better they reflect that
the quality (property) for the measurement of which they were created.
VALIDITY: CRITERION 317418 914498 – in relation to methods means independent indicators and signs, according to
by which its validity can be judged. These criteria are used to assess
The results obtained in practical application are summarized
methods. The criteria may be as follows: behavioral indicators
whether - reactions, actions and deeds of the subject in various situations
life situations; the subject's achievements in various types of activities
activities – educational, work, etc.; data on the implementation of
personal control samples and assignments; data obtained from
other methods, the validity of which or the connection with the tested
the methodology is considered firmly established.
EXTERNAL VALIDITY 418914498 5941 – applied
in relation to psychodiagnostic methods means compliance with the re-
results of psychodiagnostics carried out by means of this
methods, independent of the methods of external signs,
relevant to the subject of the examination. Means approximately the same thing,
that validity is empirical, with the difference that here we are talking
it is about the connection between the indicators of the methodology and the most important ones,
key external signs related to behavior
subject. The psychodiagnostic method is considered externally
valid if, for example, it is used to evaluate traits
the character of the individual and his externally observable behavior agree
pokes around with the results of the testing carried out.
INTERNAL VALIDITY 319481 5941 418 – example
the relevance of psychodiagnostic methods means compliance
the tasks, subtests and other general goals contained in it and
the concept of the methodology; compliance with the results of psychodiagnostics,
carried out using this methodology, determining the assessment
psychological property used in the most
methodology. The methodology is considered to be internally invalid or insufficient.
sufficiently valid when all or part of the questions included in it
owls, tasks or subtests do not measure what is required by the given
methodology.
CONCEPTUAL VALIDITY 4184498 59 41 819 –
is understood as a justification from the standpoint of compliance with the author's
ideas about the characteristics of the diagnosed properties, such as
the measure of conformity of test tasks with the author's concept of these
properties.
CRITERION VALIDITY 4198914498 31 (valid-
(by criterion) – Understood as a justification for the correlation
between the test results and the empirical criterion. On the
the possible validity of the test in relation to this criterion is indicated
the correlation with it of the test; the higher the correlation coefficient-
tion, the higher the validity. The development of factor analysis allows
It was necessary to create tests that were valid in relation to the identification
to the given factor.
VALIDITY THEORETICAL 419898914498 (valid-
constructive validity, conceptual validity) – as applied
psychodiagnostic methods means the correspondence of the results
of psychodiagnostics carried out using this method-
ki, indicators of those psychological qualities that theoretically
are physically related to the property being assessed. It is determined by the corresponding
in accordance with the quality indicators obtained by this method,
indicators obtained using other methods - when they
theoretically justified dependence.
VALIDITY EMPIRICAL 891419898914498 (va-
practical leadership) – in relation to psychodiagnostic methods
stic means the correspondence of the results of psychodiagnostics,
carried out by means of this technique, the experience of a person, his
actual behavior, as well as observed actions and reactions.
tions of the subject. It is determined by comparing its indicators with
real life behavior or the results of practical
human activities.
VAMPIRE 519418 719 314 – the image of a dead man sucking blood from
sleeping people. Pursuing the patient's imagination, quite often
occurs in clinical and psychoanalytic practice and is
expresses the patient's visualization of sensations as if all his psychic
chemical forces are taken away by someone else.
INSPIRATION 891498314 719 – a state of peculiarity
tension and rise of spiritual forces, creative excitement of a person
love, leading to the emergence or implementation of a plan and idea
works of science, art, technology. Characteristically increased-
with general activity, extraordinary productivity of activities
activity, the awareness of the ease of creativity, the experience of “possession”
"viability" and emotional immersion in creativity.
VEGETOTHERAPY 591061718 489 – a type of body therapy
oriented. The main methods of vegetotherapy are associated with
massage and breathing, as well as with motor and vocal
exercises of different types.
FAITH 598 888 998 617 – 1. The special state of human
psyche, consisting in the complete and unconditional acceptance of certain
some information, texts, phenomena, events or your own
ideas and conclusions that may subsequently
act as the basis of his self, determine some of his actions
kov, judgments, norms of behavior and relationships. 2. Recognition of something
or true with such determination that it exceeds the force
lu external factual and formal-logical evidence.
VERBAL 514381 914 811 – in psychology – a term for
designations of forms of sign material, as well as processes of operation
rization with this material.
VERIFICATION 519481 719 311 – when checking scientific
concepts - proof or other convincing demonstration
that the phenomena included in the scope and content of this
concepts that really exist and correspond to certain
concept. This also presupposes the existence of a methodology for experimental
verification of the phenomenon described by the concept. Verification is performed
is carried out through the appropriate psychodiagnostic process.
fools.
SUBSTANCE 5193618901 is a neuromodulator used to
transmission of pain signals in the nervous system.
INTERACTION 589017942891 – in psychology – pro-
the process of direct or indirect influence of an object
subjects (subjects) on each other, generating their mutual
coherence and connection. Acts as an integrating factor,
promoting the formation of structures.
INTERACTION OF ANALYZERS 7942891489 – one
but from the manifestations of the unity of the sensory sphere. Interaction
analyzers is also manifested in the joint work of the analyzers-
ditch, giving the subject information about aspects of the external world, about
which none of the analyzers themselves provide information about
et (for example, binocular assessment of the distance of an object when
the joint work of the visual and proprioceptive analyzers
ditch).
GROUP INTERACTION 51431458948189 –
process of direct or indirect influence
multiple objects (subjects) on each other, generating
their mutual conditioning and connection; occurs between
parts of groups, and between whole groups. Acts as an inter-
a stimulating factor that promotes the formation of structures.
The structure of the group is manifested in status relations.
in the actions of norms recognized by all members of the group
behavior and interaction, in group goals and values.
INTERPERSONAL INTERACTION 4589481948 31798
– 1. In a broad sense – accidental or intentional, private
public or private, long-term or short-term, verbal
verbal or nonverbal personal contact between two or more people,
attracting mutual changes in their behavior, activities,
of wearing and installations. This interpretation is usually used for
indications of a direct relationship somehow mutually
influencing individuals.
2. In a narrow sense – a system of mutually conditioned individual actions, connected by a cyclical causal relationship, in which the behavior of each participant acts simultaneously as both a stimulus and a reaction to the behavior of the others.
PSYCHOPHYSICAL INTERACTION 591489 316
- from the standpoint of materialism - an idealistic approach to the problem
psychophysical, according to which consciousness and its nervous
(bodily) substrate – two mutually influencing independent
beginning.
MUTUAL ASSESSMENT EXPERT INTRAGROUP
398716914 816 – (intra-group expert mutual assessment) me-
a socio-psychological method based on assessments of different
figurative personal and interpersonal characteristics through
mutual questioning of group members who act as ex-
participants evaluating each other's behavior in significant situations.
yas of communication and joint activities.
MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING: MECHANISM 314821069 711 – to
These include identification, reflection, stereotyping,
as well as a feedback mechanism.
VIVATION 914891319 (vivation) – Rebirthing modification
- characterized by a focus on working with experiences that arise
with altered states of consciousness. It is performed on the ba-
of the five elements: the first element is a detailed development
breathing technique; the second element is the technique of achieving complete
relaxation; the third element combines the techniques of complete,
deep reflection, focused on any internal con-
standing (physical sensations, emotions, images); fourth
the element is based on the search for a context in which the negative
tive experiences would no longer be suppressed, but would be accepted
with joy and gratitude; the fifth element is trust in the self-
and to the therapist.
VIVATION: BREATHING TYPE 9144891319 317 (breathing type
in vivation; type of breathing in vivation) – special breathing
exercises that promote states of consciousness
changed and work in these states with internal reality-
stu.
BIOLOGICAL SPECIES 519519 – a set of genetic
similar individuals capable of interbreeding with each other and
to produce fertile offspring.
GUILT: SOURCE 23940191967 1 (two sources of guilt) –
the source of guilt is fear, which later
is transformed into conscience.
TASTE 498756714 217 is one of the types of chemoreception, pre-
representing the sensitivity of the oral cavity receptors
relative to chemical irritants. Subjectively manifests-
in the form of taste sensations - bitter, sour, sweet,
and their complexes. With the alternation of a number of chemical variables
substances may cause a taste contrast (for example, after
fresh water seems sweet to the lazy person). The holistic image of the taste
occurs as a result of the interaction of taste receptors,
tactile, temperature and olfactory.
ATTRACTION 219317 919 89 – instinctive desire,
motivating the individual to act in the direction of satisfaction
of this desire. A mental state expressing indifferent-
renounced, unconscious or insufficiently conscious
the need of the subject, - already having an emotional coloring,
but not yet connected with the advancement of conscious goals.
ATTRACTION: SOURCE 231489 487 51 – that somatic-
a process in some organ or part of the body, irritation
which in spiritual life is embodied in attraction.
ATTRACTION: LIMIT 918 817 - conditioned
society the process of determining the conditions and boundaries of manifestation
associated aggressive and erotic desires.
ATTRACTION: FIXATION 489136019 – stop and fix-
the release of attraction, especially private, at some level,
stage, phase, period of development.
ATTRACTION DELAYED 48719 31917 – attractions,
kept on the path to satisfaction of active or passive
goals, resulting in a long-term attachment to
object and a stable desire. An example is the attitude of tenderness
sti.
ATTRACTION TO LIFE 888999 719 421 (life instinct) –
ensure the preservation, maintenance and development of life in
all its aspects.
DEATH DRIVE 319 460 6169 (thanatos) – a peculiar
different antisocial counterbalance to the attraction to life. Under it
tendencies towards self-destruction and return to inorganicity are understood
nic condition, which manifests itself in aggression towards
towards persons and objects. Counteraction to the eternal development
it can be carried out explicitly or implicitly by individuals who have
with a death urge.
PRIMARY ATTRACTION 515 519 814913 – indecomposable,
elementary drives.
SEXUAL ATTRACTION 498516719 311 – polysemantic
a term meaning both sexual desire in general and the aspiration
desire for physical intimacy with a certain person, and motivation
vational aspect of sexuality.
SEXUAL ATTRACTION 548711 918 211 (instinct
sexual; eros) - originating from internal sources
irritating force aimed at eliminating sexual
excitation by direct or indirect means
satisfaction of primary urges. Predetermines and corresponds
there is a need for love and acts as an attraction to life.
INFLUENCE 598417 398 411 – in psychology – process and re-
the result of an individual changing the behavior of another person, his
attitudes, intentions, ideas, assessments and other things in the course of
interaction with it.
INFLUENCEINDIVIDUALLY SPECIFIC
319481 919811 – a form of personalization realized thanks to
broadcasting their personal characteristics to other people
in the form of patterns of personal activity that they have not yet mastered.
Leads to a gradual transformation of personal meanings,
behavior and motivational sphere of other people, manifesting itself in
significant change in their activities at the time of updating in
their consciousness of the image of the individual - the subject of influence. The influence of the individual
species-specific – an explanatory principle of a number of phenomena
changes in social facilitation and is implemented both in targeted
activities (training, educational events and
etc.), as well as in any other cases of interaction between individuals –
subject of influence with the people around him.
FUNCTIONAL-ROLE INFLUENCE 317 814891444
- the type of influence, the nature, intensity and direction of which
horgo are not determined by the personal characteristics of the partners
interaction, but their role positions.
FALLING IN LOVE 515889 – a feeling and a state that
is based on both direct and inhibited (in
sense of purpose) of sexual aspirations, and the object of love-
nost draws onto itself part of the narcissistic libido of the ego.
The essence of falling in love is the change of narcissistic libido to
libido to the object. Its strength is sufficient to destroy the repressed
and restore perversions. It raises the sexual
object to the degree of sexual ideal.
ATTENTION 391118918714 – concentration of activity
the subject's position at a given moment in time on some real
or an ideal object - an object, event, image, reasoning-
nii, etc. Attention is the dynamic side of consciousness, characterized by
izing the degree of its focus on the object and concentration
on it in order to ensure its adequate reflection in the shadow
the amount of time required to perform a certain act of de-
activity or communication. Manifested in selective reflection
research of objects in accordance with the needs of the subject and the goals and
the objectives of his activities.
ATTENTION: VOLUME 505641719 317 is one of the charac-
an attention stick that shows how many items are most
can be perceived, or what number of actions can
be carried out simultaneously. The most common experimental
The basic model for studying attention span is the definition
the volume of perception, which depends on the exposure time,
the nature of the stimulus material and the individual's skills. Thus, when
exposure of visual stimuli lasting 0.1 s. volume
attention is on average equal to 7 +/– 2 objects. If possible,
semantic generalization of perceived objects volume of attention
mania increases noticeably.
ATTENTION EXTERNAL 598716 319811 (attention sensor-
but-perceptual) - directed at objects of the external world. Necessary
the necessary condition for the knowledge and transformation of the external world.
ATTENTION INTERNAL 498716319817 (attention internal-
intellectual) - is directed towards the objects of the subjective world of man
love. A necessary condition for self-knowledge and self-education.
ATTENTION INVOLUNTARY 519489 319716 – the most
simple and genetically original. It has a passive character, because
is imposed on the subject by external factors in relation to the goals of his activity.
activities of events. It arises and is maintained independently
from conscious intentions, due to the characteristics of the object - but-
of the visual, the strength of the impact, the correspondence to the current need and
etc. The physiological manifestation of this type of attention is reaction
approximate.
ATTENTION POST-ARBITRARY 519310219611
(post-voluntary attention) – arises on the basis of attention
arbitrary and consists of focusing on an object due to
its value, significance or interest to the individual. Its appearance
ment is possible as the operational and technical development
aspects of the activity in connection with its automation and the transition
actions in the operation, as well as as a result of changes in motivation
(for example, shifting the motive to the goal). In this case, the mental
tension and conscious purposefulness is maintained
attention, compliance of the direction of activity with the adopted
goals, but its implementation no longer requires special mental
efforts and is limited in time only by fatigue and exhaustion.
depletion of the body's resources.
ATTENTION ARBITRARY 879491488711 – direction
is supported and maintained by a consciously set goal, and then
is inextricably linked with speech. About attention, voluntary speech
they are carried out if the activity is carried out in line with conscious intentions.
and requires volitional efforts on the part of the subject. It is distinguished
characterized by an active character, complex structure, mediated
socially developed ways of organizing behavior
and communications; by origin associated with labor activity
body.
SUGGESTIONABILITY 594321714 811 – the measure or degree of
susceptibility to suggestion, - increased susceptibility to suggestion
bearing to impulses provoked by other people,
determined and limited by a number of factors, mainly
subjective readiness to undergo and submit to suggestion
influence. Uncritical acceptance of someone else's point of view.
and the willingness to submit (obey) when a person changes
conducts its behavior in accordance with the direct instructions of the law
authority. The tendency to become infected with other people's moods and
to adopt other people's habits. A characteristic of an individual that depends on
from situational and personal factors.
SUGGESTION 598712814314 (suggestion) – purposeful
the process of direct or indirect influence on the mental sphere
I am a person focused on a specific programming
the development of a person and the implementation of the suggested content
tion. Associated with a decrease in awareness and criticality when
perception and implementation of the suggested content, as well as with
the absence of purposeful active understanding, detailed
logical analysis and evaluation in relation to past experience
that and the given state of the subject.
POST-HYPNOTIC SUGGESTION 319481 918 (internal
(posthypnotic reaction) is a behavioral phenomenon when a given
in a hypnotic state the task is then carried out unquestioningly
is in a normal state, and the very fact of the existence of the task
is not realized.
EXCITABILITY 548 312688 7 – a property of living beings
to become excited under the influence of an irritant
ley or incentives - with the preservation of its traces for some time.
EXCITATION 591 016 718 – property of living organisms
- an active response of excitable tissue to irritation. The main
function for the nervous system. The cells that form it have
the property of conducting excitation from the area where it arose,
to other areas and to neighboring cells: Thanks to this, the nerves
cells are capable of transmitting signals from some structures of the body
ma to others, thus excitement became a carrier of information-
tions about the properties of incoming stimuli and, together with
inhibition, - a regulator of the activity of all organs and systems
organism.
TRAUMATIC EXCITATION 591489 318 716 –
external stimuli (external traumas), strong enough,
to break down the defense against irritation and overwhelm the mental
apparatus with a large number of irritations, traumatic
affecting the psyche.
IMPACT 519617489 – in psychology – purposeful
the transfer of movement and information from one participant
interactions with another.
ABIOTIC IMPACT 319 (impact of bio-
logically neutral) – those types of energy or properties of an object
substances that are not directly involved in metabolism.
In themselves, they are neither useful nor harmful.
AGE 489712618488 – in psychology – a category meaning
which represents a qualitatively specific stage of ontogenetic development
tical - time characteristics of individual development
tia (chronological age; psychological age).
PRESCHOOL AGE 5487123196 18 – development stage
mental from 3 to 6-7 years. Characterized by the fact that the activity
the leading one is the game. It is very important for the formation of personal-
child's feelings.
INFANCY AGE 5419 – period of a child’s life
between his birth and reaching one year of age.
AGE ADOLESCENCE 5289149 316 (adolescence) –
The period of ontogenesis (from 10-11 to 15 years), corresponding to the transition
from childhood to adolescence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AGE 81842171482631 – in the
difference from chronological age this concept means de-
a distinct, qualitatively unique stage of ontogenetic development
tical, determined by the laws of formation
organism, living conditions, education and upbringing and having
concrete historical origin (childhood).
EARLY AGE 408 712 – stage of mental development
a child from one to three years old, characterized by high quality
changes in the development of the functions of the cerebral cortex
ha head.
MENTAL AGE 319 744 818 914 – the concept of ha-
characterization of the development of the intellectual on the basis of its comparison
with the level of intelligence of other people of the same age. Quantity
the age at which – on average –
data - such test tasks are solved that are available
to the subject.
CHRONOLOGICAL AGE 488 728 913 – expresses
the duration of an individual's existence from the moment of his birth.
SCHOOL AGE JUNIOR 513489614 – period
the life of a child from 6-7 to 10 years old, when he is studying in
primary grades (1st – 4th grades) of school.
ADOLESCENCE 489 712 814 212 – stage of development
ontogenetic development between adolescence and adulthood
for boys it covers the period from 17 to 21 years, for girls
shekels – from 16 to 20. At this age, physical development is completed, including
including sexual maturation of the organism. In psychological terms
the main feature of age is the entry into independence
life, when a choice of profession occurs, changes dramatically
social position.
VOLUNTARISM 598716 917481 – a trend in psychology and
philosophy, recognizing the will as a special, supernatural force,
that lies at the foundation of the psyche and being in general. Voluntarism in
psychology manifests itself as the assertion of will as a first
a personal ability, determined only by the subject and determined
that underlies all other mental processes and phenomena. Inherent
a person's ability to independently choose a goal and the means
bov its achievements, and the ability to make decisions, express-
his personal attitudes and his own beliefs,
luntarism interprets it as the effect of the action of something standing above the eti-
by acts of a special irrational spiritual entity.
WILL 513964 818 91 – the side of consciousness, its active and re-
a regulating principle designed to create an effort and maintain it
as long as necessary. The ability of a person to achieve
set goals in the context of overcoming obstacles,
in self-determination and self-regulation of one's activities and
various mental processes. Thanks to it, a person can
on one's own initiative, based on a conscious need-
sti, to perform actions in a pre-planned direction
and with a predetermined force.
IRRATIONAL WILL 898716 074819 – irrational-
passions and impulses that capture and subjugate a person
a person who slavishly realizes uncontrollable impulses.
RATIONAL WILL 519317919 817 – purposeful
realistic, disciplined behavior and energetic-
efforts aimed at achieving a rational goal.
IMAGINATION 348716814916 – the human ability to
the construction of new images by processing mental com-
component acquired in past experience; the process of mental co-
building the image of an object or situation by restructuring the existing
ideas. Part of the consciousness of the individual, one of the processes
cognitive, characterized by a high degree of clarity and
concreteness. The imagination reflects in a unique and inimitable way
the external world is pressed, a figurative anticipation of the cut occurs
results that can be achieved through certain actions
actions; it allows you to program not only the future of the be-
but also to imagine the possible conditions in which this will happen.
the guidance will be implemented.
IMAGINATION ACTIVE 31705689 9889 – there are two types
yes, his: creative imagination; recreating imagination.
IMAGINATION RE-CREATING 531784911674 – raz-
is based on a description, story, drawing, diagram, symbol
ox or sign. It is based on the creation of certain images,
corresponding to the description. The person fills the original material
real with the images he had.
IMAGINATION PASSIVE 314812488712 – character-
but by creating images that do not come to life;
grams that are not executed or cannot be executed at all
are full. Imagination acts as a substitute for activity.
of its surrogacy, because of which a person refuses the need
ability to act.
CREATIVE IMAGINATION 52196107074312 – pre-
assumes the independent creation of an image, thing, feature, not
having analogues, new; sold in original and cen-
products of activity.
EDUCATION 548712684212 – activity of transfer
new generations of socio-historical experience; planned
measured and targeted impact on consciousness and behavior
a person with the aim of forming certain attitudes, understand-
principles, value orientations that provide conditions
for its development, preparation for social life and work.
MEMORY 518471818211 - Memory Extraction
long-term images of the past, reproduction of events from
lives, mentally localized in time and space.
COVERING MEMORY 51831791848 – second
deep childhood memories that when recalled
act in place of the primary ones, creating the appearance of lesser
significance of the latter. Memories covering are formed
as a result of a shift in reproduction and replace attraction, repress-
into the unconscious, with which they are associatively connected and as
they would cover him up.
MEMORY VOLUNTARY 534961784421 – at
voluntary recollection of some event consciously
the attitude towards him is restored, which can be accompanied
the emotions that accompany this episode.
PERCEPTION 519714984217 – a holistic reflection of the pre-
places, phenomena, situations and events in their sensory accessible
temporal and spatial connections and relationships; process
formations – through active actions – subjectively-
the image of a holistic object that directly affects
on analyzers. The phenomena are determined by the objectivity of the world.
niy. Occurs with direct exposure to irritants.
physical deposits on the receptor surfaces of the sense organs.
Together with the processes of sensation it provides direct-
sensory orientation in the external world.
PERCEPTION: UNIT OPERATIONAL 31948801691812
(operational unit of perception) – units of perception of the operational
ration corresponds to some selection in the field of perceptual
number of individual objects. In the course of development of the activity of the content
the meaning of these units changes. Thus, when studying telegraph
code initially as an independent unit of perception
each individual one is taken - a dot or a dash, but then - more and more
long sequences of telegraph signs - letters, words
"even phrases". The transition to ever larger units
perception operational, based on semantic unification-
research, generalization and recoding of information elements,
allows you to increase the speed of perception.
PERCEPTION: PROCESS: ONTOGENESIS 519488 (ontoge-
(absence of perception processes) – structural changes that occur
occurring in perception as individual development proceeds. The main
an important factor that determines the construction of adequate actions
perceptual actions are practical actions – activities
ity - by transforming objects of the external world.
PERCEPTION: DEVELOPMENT 59148871931 2189 – quality
a systematic modification of the processes of perception as the organization grows.
ma and accumulation of individual experience – its process and results
Tat.
PERCEPTION TYPE 514817914997 – Type of perception, ha-
characterizes predominantly introverted or extroverted
tive tendencies of personality. Types of perception correlate with
certain components of intelligence, the dynamics of affect-
tive, character traits and types of mental pathology.
VISUAL PERCEPTION 6386617189118 – total
the nature of the processes of constructing an image of the visual external world.
VISUAL PERCEPTION: MICROGENESIS 514919314999
(microgenesis of visual perception) - successive phases
construction of the image of a visual object, starting with space-
physical and temporal localization of the object of perception to the
division of its particular features.
INTERGROUP PERCEPTION 548712612777 – pro-
processes of social perception in which the subject and object
perceptions are represented by groups or social communities.
characterized by stereotypy, great fusion of cognitive and
emotional components, bright affective coloring
and a sharply expressed evaluative focus.
INTERPERSONAL PERCEPTION 549316999816 – perception
acceptance, understanding and appreciation of a person by another person.
SUBTHRESHOLD PERCEPTION 598516019711 (perception
ie unconscious) - objective perception, realized without
mind control: the phenomenon where information overcomes
physiological threshold, but does not reach the threshold of conscious perception.
acceptance. It still affects the body and is capable of
evoke responses.
PERCEPTION SUBSENSORIAL 531718914 – form
direct reflection of mental reality,
caused by such stimuli, the influence of which on
subject unconsciously; one of the manifestations of the unconscious. Un-
conscious perception and processing of incoming signals
through the sense organs and not reaching the threshold value.
HAPTIC PERCEPTION 219481719311 (perception
tie haptic) is one of the forms of mechanoreception. The sensory system
weed, responsible for the construction of the image of tactile sensation
haptic perception, consists of a cutaneous analyzer (so-
tility, temperature) and kinesthetic. The very same construction
the appearance of a tactile image is determined by palpating movements
with the help of hand movements, which reproduce the outline of an object.
PLAYBACK 489406918766 - Extraction Process
information stored in long-term memory is updated
tion of previously formed psychological content (thought-
ley, images, feelings, movements) in the absence of external
of currently perceived pointers.
REPRODUCTION INVOLUNTARY 498714819317
- observed in a situation when a thought or image emerges
memory without the intention of the person; when there is no specially set-
the task of reproduction and it arises under the influence
ideas, thoughts and feelings caused by either perception
some object or situation, or an activity performed
what I'm doing at the moment - reading a book, watching a movie, etc.
etc.
PLAYBACK AT WILL BE 319716064817 –
is called by the task of reproducing something stored in
long-term memory, which is set either to oneself or to
because of other people. It can occur at the level of recognition.
RECOVERY 319712419888891 (Recovery
reflex) – disinhibition – partial or complete restoration
the activation of a conditioned reflex after its extinction – either after a period of time
interruption (spontaneous recovery), or as a result of
those reappearances of unconditional stimuli or reinforcers
agents of this reflex.
IMPRESSIONABILITY 498714816 – the ability to have
representations that vary in brightness and connection with the external world
rom, with varying degrees of expression of feelings in them. This is a quality
The personality is derived from ideas.
WORKING IN 598712488212 – the process of adaptation to the act-
the activity being performed during which the
it tunes all psychophysiological functions due to the actual-
ization of the dynamic stereotype. At the same time, excitation increases.
the ability and functional mobility of the nervous system,
the concentration of excitation of nervous processes is reduced. Such
The setting results in a reduction in the execution time of the operation.
tions, to increase the rhythm of work and its productivity.
sti. The running-in is usually completed within the first hour of work,
after which a stable working condition occurs.
TIME 519641888910219 – in psychology – the subject of many
numerical theoretical and experimental studies,
the main aspects of which are:
1) psychophysical – search for mechan-
Nisms of reflection of mental topological (sequential-
simultaneity) and metric (duration) characteristics
ristik of "physical" time;
2) psychophysiological – study of the influence of multi-level biological rhythms and patterns of organization of “biological” time on the dynamics of mental processes;
3) socio-psychological - consideration of the characteristics of a person's reflection of "social" time, the specifics of this reflection in various communities and cultural-historical conditions; 4) personal-psychological - the study of the temporal organization of an individual's life path, the structure of the psychological time of an individual.
TIME: PERCEPTION 591489317899 12-figured reflection
the definition of such characteristics of phenomena and processes of external action
reality, such as duration, speed of progression and consequences
sequence. In constructing the temporal aspects of the picture of the world
various analyzers are involved, of which the most important
The role of tangible elements in the precise distinction of time intervals is played by
kinesthetic and auditory sensations. Individual perception
the duration of time periods depends significantly on the in-
the intensity of the activity carried out at this time, and the state of
emotional reactions generated in the course of activity.
TIME: PERCEPTION: VIOLATION 516788918 317
(time perception disorders) – loss of the ability to perceive time
local orientation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TIME 521489 317989 – reflection
in the psyche of the system of temporal relations between events
life's path.
REACTION TIME 4897163197668 – time interval
between the presentation of a stimulus - a certain signal (optical-
(sensory, acoustic, tactile, etc.) – and the beginning of the conditioning
the subject's response to this signal, as instructed by the instructions.
RECALL 498712819 3 – the process of extracting information
formations from memory.
VOYEURISM 591489 319611 – Sexual deviation –
replacing sexual life with secret peeping at sexual
sexual intercourse or sexual organs.
INTERPERSONAL CHOICE: MOTIVATION 517914817214
(motivational core of choices) – a system of motives that forms
psychological basis of individual preference.
Analysis of motivation for interpersonal choices allows us to determine
to identify the psychological reasons why an individual is ready to carry out
to have emotional and business contact with some members
groups and rejects others.
SAMPLE 498712688522 – a group of subjects represented by
comprising a specific population and selected for experimentation.
ment or research. The opposite concept is a cumulative
general population. A sample is a part of a population of general
Noah.
DEPENDENT SAMPLE 534981 914891 – samples consisting of
based on the results of the same subjects after two or
more diverse influences.
REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE 591644311814 891 (ex-
representative sampling) - a sample made according to the rules,
- that is, in such a way that it reflects the specificity of the set of genes
real both in composition and in individual characteristics
included subjects.
SECONDARY BENEFIT 498716519388 – from illness: 1) is-
use of the instinct of self-preservation and the “I” of the disease situation
nor for the purpose of gaining certain advantages, material or
psychological; 2) real or perceived advantages
the powers and privileges acquired by the patient as a result of pathogenic
symptoms or disease.
DISPLACEMENT 498716388517 is a specific form of pro-
ctions - an unconscious reorientation of an impulse or feeling to
more accessible object.
DISPLACEMENT 59871798139 (suppression; repression) - one
from the types of psychological protection - a process as a result of which
thoughts, memories, and attractions that are unacceptable to an individual
experiences are expelled from consciousness and transferred to the sphere
unconscious, continuing to influence the individual's behavior and
experienced by him as anxieties, fears, etc.
DISPLACEMENT: STEP 519617 918421 (two steps
displacement) - There are two stages: 1) primary displacement; 2)
secondary displacement.
SECONDARY DISPLACEMENT 599871319611 – actually
repression, concerns mental derivatives (derivatives, pro-
originating from something that previously existed) repressed
representations associated with attraction, or thoughts that occur
coming from other sources, but associatively connected with
these ideas.
PRIMARY DISPLACEMENT 598712689317 – first phase
repression, which consists in preventing mental activity from entering consciousness
representation of attraction.
SEXUAL REPRESSIVENESS 519514819 314 – one of
essential features of the hysterical character, consisting in the exit
beyond the normal increase in resistance against the pull
sexual perceptions - such as shame, disgust, morality and how
there would be an instinctive avoidance of intellectual pursuits of sex-
problem, in extreme cases reaching the point of complete insignificance.
sexual relations until reaching puberty.
_G_
HALLUCINATION 49871600989 – perceptions, experiences
in the absence of any external stimulation;
perception of actually absent objects, subjectively
known as real. Pathological disturbance of perceptual
activity consisting of the perception of objects that in the given
moment does not affect the corresponding sense organs.
It usually occurs with various mental disorders, in
stressful situations, as well as during prolonged sensory
isolation.
HEDONISM 498714898 is an ancient concept meaning
Mulberry and pleasure in the ethics of ancient Greek philosophy
for the Naiks it was the basis of the teaching, which recognized the meaning
The pleasure of life is not only physical, but also spiritual.
HEMERALOPIA 5142842 – deterioration of visual perception
in low light conditions.
HEMIANOPSIA 519481 319711 – loss of ability to perceive
take the left or right half of the visual field.
caused by damage to the nerve pathways of the visual analyzer
areas of the brain chiasm or above. If there is damage
partial blindness occurs in the internal parts of the chiasm
external visual field. When the nerve pathways of the cortex are damaged,
of the visual analyzer of one of the hemispheres of the brain
partial blindness occurs in opposite visual fields
nykh.
GEN 488713918 913 – discrete structural unit, local-
lysed in the chromosome and responsible for the transmission of heredity
characteristics. The number of genes varies from species to species.
50 to 100000.
DOMINANT GENE 514891419311 – gene, presence
which ensures the manifestation of the characteristic it defines
regardless of whether the other gene of the same pair is dominant
antial or recessive.
RECESSIVE GENE 519 016 89 – a gene capable of providing
to detect the manifestation of the characteristic it defines only when it does not
is paired with the corresponding dominant gene.
GENERALIZATION 319891418 is a process that results in
where the subject reproduces a behavioral reaction in response to
all stimuli or situations similar to the stimulus without-
conditional or with the situation in which the reinforcement was produced
nie.
GENERATIVENESS 491814 718314 – interest in the next
generation and its upbringing, manifested in productivity
and creativity in various spheres of human life,
who has reached 40 years of age and is positively experiencing his characteristic
this age is in crisis.
GENETICS 219716 818717 is a branch of biology that studies
laws of inheritance of traits. Genetics should not be confused with
genetic psychology, which studies the development of behavior from
from the moment of birth until death.
BEHAVIORAL GENETICS 514312 819 718 216 – section ge-
genetics, dedicated to the study of the laws of heredity
the natural conditioning of functional manifestations of activity
functions of the nervous system. The main task is to describe
mechanisms of gene implementation in behavioral traits and
division of the influence of the environment on this process.
GENIUS 519 007 918 788 – the highest level of development
development of abilities - general, intellectual, and special.
Its presence can only be spoken of when a person achieves
such results of creative activity that constitute
an era in the life of society, in the development of culture, the personality of a genius
characterized by such traits as creative productivity, mastery
a certain methodology, readiness to overcome barriers
rheotypes and conventional establishments.
GENITALS 489791698 – sexual, reproductive organs.
GENOTYPE 319681719311 – genetic constitution, co-
the set of genes of a given organism received from its parents.
HERMAPHRODITISM 519518619710 – Bisexuality – present
characteristics of male and female sex in the same organism
organism.
HERMENEUTICS 428714317918 – 1. Art, theory,
tradition and methods of interpreting texts that are ambiguous or not
refinable. 2. The art of understanding, interpreting,
interpretations of allegories, polysemantic symbols, etc.
PSYCHOANALYTIC HERMENEUTICS 548712328 412
– one of the psychoanalytically oriented currents of modern
philosophy. In the hermeneutics of psychoanalytic research,
problems of linguistic communication and processes are being discussed
socialization, in which, as is assumed, sym-
will.
GERONTOPSYCHOLOGY 494711918991 – psychology of
living age and old age (age psychology).
HETEROGENEITY 914811718911 is a property of a sample of sta-
tistic, the data of which are largely scattered
on the distribution scale, which is manifested by a large deviation
standard and indicates a strong difference between the data
from a friend.
HETEROHYPNOSIS 489317619 817 – hypnosis caused by
the action of another person.
HETEROSUGGESTION 819488719318 – suggestion, influence
action from the outside. The object of heterosuggestion – the suggester –
can be either an individual or a group, social
layer and so on (the phenomenon of mass suggestion); the source of in-
suggestion – suggestor – individual, group, mass media
formations.
GESTALT 819317918217 8 – functional structure,
according to its inherent laws, it orders the diversity of
of separate phenomena. It means holistic, irreducible to the sum
its parts, the formation of consciousness: apparent movement, illuminated
ment, perception of melody, etc.
GESTALT GROUP 498716818 – groups formed with
the purpose of psychotherapeutic influence in Gestalt
therapy.
GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY 318714918514 - Direction
in psychology, which put forward a program for studying the psyche from the point of view
from the point of view of integral structures - gestalts, primary in relation to
to its components.
GESTALT THERAPY 514 788 918 312 – As an approach to
psychological correction is one of the most influential
directions of modern psychology.
HYDROPHOBIA 548712 618317 – a type of neurosis, characteristic
pathological fear of water (phobia).
CHILDHOOD HYPERACTIVITY 519488 71631 – devi-
deviation from age norms of ontogenetic development, characteristic
inattention, distractibility, impulsiveness in behavior
social development and intellectual activity, increasing
activity with a normal level of intellectual development
All this leads to poor performance in school and low
what self-esteem.
HYPERMNESIA 591061319 811 – hypertrophied ability
the ability - usually innate - to remember information
(visual, symbolic) in large volume or on a very large scale
for a long time.
HYPERPATHY 598715 918065 – increased sensitivity
characterized by the appearance of pain or other unpleasant sensations
sensations (itching, heaviness) in response to usually harmless irritants.
li.
HYPERESTHESIA 598716318917 – increased sensitivity
sensitivity to physical stimuli acting on the sense organs,
manifested in the appearance of excessively strong subjective sensations
sions without changing their modality.
HYPNOANALYSIS 598764 988 314 – diagnostic procedure
a fool in which the anamnesis or the identification of the content
emotional experiences in the client's life is produced by
his immersion into a hypnotic state (hypnosis).
HYPNOSIS 498 712688001 – 1. Technique of influencing the individual
species by focalizing (concentrating) his attention with the aim of
to narrow the field of consciousness and subject it to the influence and control of external
his agent - a hypnotist, whose suggestions the hypnotized person
will perform. 2. The process and temporary dream-like state
psyche, characterized by a sharp narrowing and reduction of the volume of consciousness
awareness and self-awareness and a sharp focus on the content of the inner
solutions, which is associated with a change in the function of the individual con-
control and self-awareness. It arises as a result of special
actions of a hypnotist (hypnotization) or targeted sa-
suggestion (autohypnosis).
ABLATION HYPNOSIS 49178909 1069 – hypnotic
a method characterized by the fact that the client is put into a state
hypnosis without the direct presence of a psychotherapist, se-
ans which is recorded on an audio cassette or video cassette.
In this case the client can be at home.
HYPNOSIS STEP-BY-STEP ACTIVE 498716 318719 –
hypnotic method based on conscious control
relaxation.
HYPNOPEDIAS 818742 319622 – the phenomenon of input and consolidation
the storage of information in memory during natural sleep, as well as
a method of teaching and educating during sleep based on this
phenomenon. It is especially effective for fixing homogeneous in-
formations: foreign words, formulas, Morse code, etc. From-
marked fatigue of the subjects is noted after the hypnosis session.
nopedia.
HYPNOTIZATION 317814219887 18 – hypnotic arousal
tic state, performed by a hypnotist or by oneself
subject (autohypnosis) using verbal and non-verbal
impacts.
HYPNOTISM 489714 719317 – general designation of the aggregate
phenomena that arise during hypnosis. Sometimes – a synonym for
hypnosis training.
HYPOMNESIA 489317918 – memory impairment – congenital
either acquired or as a result of various diseases.
HYPOTHALAMUS 918 671 818 971 – brain structure inter-
terrestrial, located under the thalamus. Contains 12 pairs of nuclei
– the most important centers of vegetative functions. Moreover, it is closely
but is associated with the pituitary gland, the activity of which it regulates.
HYPOTHESIS 498716 319818 – a scientific assumption,
moved to explain some phenomenon, subject to experimental
verification and theoretical justification for the acquisition of the sta-
party of scientific theory. In psychology, the assumption about a separate
properties of reality, put forward to guide the activities
activity and conditioned by the existing subjectivity of the individual.
tive picture of the world.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS 314817 818 91 – hypothesis,
according to which the differences between samples are statistical
are significant - reflect the corresponding difference
within a population or between populations from which these outputs are taken
sampling. Usually it corresponds to the working hypothesis of the researcher.
la.
HYPOTHESISINTERFERENCEREMEMBERSHIP
488716 918 917 (memorable material interference hypothesis)
la) is an explanatory model according to which the process of forgetting
is due to the fact that the newly arriving material is, as it were,
is superimposed on an existing one, leading to its destruction
associative links.
CONCEPTUAL-PROPOSITIONAL HYPOTHESIS
59871639816 – the assumption formulated in the concept
associative memory - that in long-term memory
it is not figurative or verbal representations of situations that are stored, but
some interpretations of events, formed in the form of concepts and
statements, or propositions.
SCIENTIFIC HYPOTHESIS 498714318 218 – assumption,
put forward as temporary on the basis of available observations and
to be clarified by subsequent experiments.
HYPOTHESIS OF THE RELATIVITY OF LINGUISTIC
519817419 – hypothesis on the conditioned nature of perception and thinking
ethnospecific structures of language. According to it, languages
cial skills and norms unconsciously determine the images, “kar-
muds" of the world, inherent to the speakers of a particular language. Linguistic
constructions and vocabulary links, acting on the unconscious
level, lead to the creation of a typical picture of the world, inherent
native speakers of the language and serves as a schema for
cataloguing individual experience.
STEREOCHEMICAL HYPOTHESIS 489171 918 (stereo-
chemical hypothesis of olfaction) – the sense of smell depends on the interaction
the action of odorant molecules on the olfactory membrane
cells, depending on both the shape of the molecules and the presence of
certain functional groups. The olfactory molecule
the pigment of the olfactory cell comes into an excited state
under the influence of a vibrating molecule of an odorous substance,
entering a specific receptor hole on the membrane
olfactory cell. This theory distinguishes seven primary
smells: camphor-like, floral, musky, minty,
ethereal, putrid and pungent. All other odors are
complex and consist of several primary ones.
HIPPOCAMPUS 214 317 814 218 is a structure located
in the deep layers of the temporal lobe of the brain. In section
its shape resembles a seahorse, which is where the name comes from.
nie. Belongs to the limbic system and, apparently, plays an important
important role in memorizing and reproducing information.
HYSOPHOBIA 594816 009 – a type of neurosis, characterized by patho-
logical fear of heights.
HISTOGRAM 594817 319 778 is one of the methods of graphi-
graphical representation of quantitative data – in the form of direct
coal "columns" adjacent to each other and correspondingly
specific to the frequency of each class of data.
EYE: MOVEMENT 598 617 918 312 – rotation of the eyes in the orbit
takh, performing various functions in the construction of the image
visual, first of all – in the perception of visual space-
provide measurement and analysis of spatial
properties of objects - shape, position, size, distance,
speed of movement. The most important function of these movements is the center-
tracing of the image of an object on the retina, which ensures
the greatest acuity of visual perception.
EYE: MACROMOVEMENT 418 713 818 914 – movements
eye, performed with an amplitude of more than several tens of angular
minutes: these include vergence and version movements.
nye.
EYE: MICROMOVEMENT 498 714 818 316 – movements
eye with an amplitude of up to 20 - 30 when fixing the gaze, not conditioned
posed by recognition tasks. Among them are: tremor,
drift and microsaccades.
EYE: LIGHT SENSITIVITY 519 317 818 266
– the ability of the eye to form visual sensations
response to electromagnetic radiation of a certain wavelength
waves (from 350 to 750 nm).
HOMEOSTASIS 498716 319 816 – mobile equilibrium state
the state of a system maintained by its opposition
disturbing the balance of external and internal factors.
maintaining the constancy of various physiological parameters
organism.
HOMEOSTAT 219317 818 91481 – technical model,
a device that supports a certain quantity or set of values
quantities at a given level. Simulates homeostasis, adaptation
living organisms to a changing environment.
HOMOGENEITY 514321819311 – a property of a sample of statistical
static, the data of which is concentrated around the arithmetic mean.
the metric value or median, which is manifested by a small
the value of the standard deviation and indicates a small
differences between the data.
HOMOSEXUALISM 598 016 649081 – a concept meaning
the individual's general sexual attraction to persons of the same sex and
sexual relations between them. Male homosexuality is also
is called sodomy, and the female one is called lesbianism.
HOMOPHOBIA 481 398019 644 – unreflective, irrational
general hostility and even hatred towards homosexuals.
at the level of individual consciousness is often a means of psychological
self-defense against one's own unconscious homoerotic
tic feelings, fantasies and impulses.
HOSPITALISM 498716 3987210 69 – pathology syndrome
children's mental and personal development is the result of separate
separation of the infant from the mother and its early institutionalization.
Profound mental and physical retardation caused by
lack of communication with adults in the first year of a child's life.
It leaves a negative imprint on all areas of the formative-
personality, inhibiting intellectual and emotional development.
ie, distorting the self-concept, destroying physical well-being and
etc.
READY FOR ACTION 519384 919284 – installation,
aimed at performing some action.
GRADIENT 548719 814 316 – regular quantitative
a change reflecting a decrease or increase in some
properties or indicators, such as the gradient of a stimulus.
TARGET GRADIENT 519 006078916 (target gradient) –
change in the strength of motivation for activity depending on the “psi-
"hological distance" to the target, characterized by an increase
motivation and activity as you move closer to your desired goal.
GRAPHOLOGY 548712 818 912 – the study of handwriting as a
new types of expressive movements that reflect the psychology
ical properties and mental states of the subject.
GRAPHOMANIA 319481519 006 – an irresistible passion for
writing in a person who lacks the appropriate abilities
ties.
DREAM 219817 318887 – fantasy, dream, drawing the imagin-
pleasant, desired images of the future or purely fictitious
fiefdom of "real" life.
VOLUME 498714 319844 – subjective measure of perception
tia of the sound power. Phon, a unit of measurement of loudness numerically
corresponds to the sound pressure level of a tone of 1000 Hz: thus, the level
A volume level of 20 phons corresponds to a tone of 1000 Hz with an intensity
20 dB above the hearing threshold. Subjective loudness
sounds are determined not only by the intensity of the signal, but also by its
frequency.
GROUP 451 689319 87 – limited size community
people who stand out or are distinguished from the social whole by
certain characteristics: the nature of the activity, social
or class affiliation, structure, composition, level
development, etc.
LARGE GROUP 519316 919 817 90 – 1. Quantitatively
an unlimited conditional community of people, distinguished on the basis of
new certain social characteristics: class affiliation
status, gender, age, nationality, etc. 2. Real, significant
a large, complexly organized community of people,
involved in some social activity (for example,
the staff of a school or university, enterprise or institution).
in large groups, norms of behavior are developed (norm
group), social and cultural values and traditions,
public opinion and mass movements, which through
the means of small groups are brought to the consciousness of each person.
AGE GROUP 598716 318711 – one of the varieties
properties of a conditional group of large people united by
sign of age.
MEETING GROUP 519317 418981 – special groups of ma-
, applied in the practice of training socially-
psychological with the corresponding name. The purpose of the training
meetings consists of discovering and using hidden reserves
in the self-development of the individual through special techniques, helping-
helping clients to realize their capabilities, to get rid of the com-
complexes and psychological barriers.
DIFFUSE GROUP 819481 919 317 – a community in which
there is no cohesion as a value-oriented unity,
and there is no joint activity capable of mediating the relationship
of its participants.
CONTROL GROUP 514 517 814319 – test group
tuyazhnykh, with which the results obtained during the course are compared
research in the experimental group, with the aim of obtaining
conclusions, whether the hypothesis tested by the study was confirmed.
SMALL GROUP 419317819448 – relatively small
the number of individuals in direct contact, united
shared common goals or objectives.
INFORMAL GROUP 5914 714819061 (non-formal group)
official) - a real social community that does not have
legally fixed status, voluntarily united
on the basis of interests, friendship and sympathy, or on the basis of pragmatism
tical benefit. Informal groups can act as
isolated communities or develop within groups of official
al.
PSYCHODRAMA GROUP 591489 711 316 – special
small groups in which clients learn best through role-playing behavior
become more aware and solve their problems more effectively.
The roles learned during training allow for more successful adaptation
life.
GROUP REAL 598712319 884 – in psychology of social-
nal - a limited-sized community of people that exists
existing in a common space and time and united by real
relationships - a school class, a work brigade, a military unit
division, family, etc. The smallest real group is a dyad, two
interacting individuals.
REFERENCE GROUP 498716 319007 – group, goals,
whose opinions and values are to a greater or lesser extent shared
this person does. Real or conditional social community
the degree to which an individual relates himself as a standard and on whose
norms, opinions, values and assessments he is guided by in his behavior
and self-esteem.
BODY THERAPY GROUP 598716 389764 – groups,
where great importance is attached to the therapeutic work
direct physical contact between clients as a means of getting rid of
from psychological problems.
SKILL TRAINING GROUP 594817798064 – groups,
designed to produce vitally useful results by participants
skills and abilities, in particular communication skills. Thanks to
With the help of developed skills, clients can get rid of anxiety
ness, insecurity, aggressiveness and other habitual forms
negative behavior.
CONDITIONAL GROUP 918719069319 – united by
a specific characteristic - occupation, gender, age,
level of education, nationality and other things – a community of people
action, including subjects who have no direct or indirect
objective relationships with each other. People who make up
those who share this community may not only never meet, but
and not know anything about each other, although they are in
certain, more or less identical relationships with others
other members of their real groups.
FORMAL GROUP 548700 984317 (formal group)
(alnaya) - a real or conditional social community that has
legally fixed status, the members of which, under the conditions
social division of labor are united socially, given
activities. Official groups always have a certain
a legally established structure, appointed or
elected leadership, legally established rights and obligations
duties of its members. Examples of conventional groups of official –
various commissions, groups of referents, consultants, etc.
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP 518740989 600 – group-
a group of subjects on which research is conducted for the purpose of
testing some hypothesis.
GROUPING 528714 308967 – logic structure. Group-
The feast is considered to be the link between logical and psi-
chological structures.
GROUP FORMATION 519687918 422 – transformation into
in the course of joint activities, real and initially diff-
a united human community into an interactive association
interdependent and interdependent persons - a group of a certain level of diversification
rhetoric. A type of group formation is collective formation.
transformation - the transformation of a group into a collective when it goes through
development of a number of stages, characterized not only by external changes
(time of existence, number of communications,
relations of power and subordination, the number of sociometric
elections, etc.), but also certain phenomena of relations
interpersonal (unity of value-orientation, self-
definition collective and identification collective, mo-
tivation of interpersonal choices, referentiality, etc.), the emergence of
repentant on the basis of joint, socially valuable and
personally significant for all members of the group.
HUMANISM 519 888 009 611 – Manifests itself in deep respect
in the interest of man and his dignity, in the active struggle against
all forms of misanthropy. As a personality trait
includes knowledge of life, a positive attitude towards people,
their lives and activities, humanity and warmth of soul.
HUMANITY 519 618 887 998 – conditioned by morality
the system of personal attitudes on the basis of norms and values
social objects (person, group, living being), manifested
in consciousness through experiences of compassion and realized in communication
and activities - in acts of assistance, participation and help.
_D_
PRESSURE 897489 712 698 - differs from the need
only by its direction: if the need is dynamic
force emanating from the body, then pressure is the force acting
on the body.
DALTONISM 598671 889 001 98 – hereditary anomaly
color vision deficiency, expressed in insufficient or even
complete inability to distinguish certain colors.
DATA: STATISTICAL PROCESSING 598067 998
7102 – whatever the goals and methods of psychological research,
logical, the resulting data can be viewed as
results of measurements of various psychological phenomena, etc.
Here, measurement is understood as the procedure of assigning a number
values of the objects under study according to certain
rules.
THIS PRIMARY 598064 018 712 – information about
the phenomena under study, obtained at the beginning of the study and
which lies in further processing, so that on its basis they become
reliable conclusions can be drawn about these phenomena.
MOVEMENT 688071 981 069 – structural unit of activity
nost is the result of the work of the psychophysiological apparatus
the implementation of the motor act through which the
interaction of a living being with the external environment. In the movement
physiological activity of the organism is manifested.
TRAFFIC: COORDINATION 510609 499 012 – management
the work of individual muscle groups, performed during the re-
solving a specific problem in real time and space.
MOVEMENT: ORGANIZATION: MECHANISM 519765 819355
(mechanism of movement organization) – here the object of study
there were natural movements of a normal organism, basically
human nom.
MOVEMENT: FORMATION 598761 029311 – main
the concept of the theory of human motor functioning. Constructed
the movement is realized through the work of several levels,
each of which generates a whole spectrum of full-fledged movements
movements, and not individual qualities of one movement.
MOVEMENT: MENTAL REGULATION 598741 228 011
(mental regulation of movements) – correction of the process of
structure of movement based on the need state and connection
feedback, ensuring control over its achievement.
VERGENT MOVEMENT 529 161 789 019 – Macrovi-
eye movements that cause a change in the angle between the visual
axes of the left and right eyes.
MOVEMENT VERSION 529061 789071 2 – Macrovision
eye movements that complement the vergence movements. Among them are
are divided into:
1) fast saccadic - with the help of which
correction of eye position is performed;
2) slow tracking
movements - with the help of which the speed of movement is adjusted
eye movements relative to targets located at a constant
distance from the observer;
3) compensatory eye movements
(vestibular origin) – ensures preservation
directions of the visual axes during changes in position and speed
growth of head movements.
MOVEMENT EXPRESSIVE 298061789011 – external
expression of mental states, especially emotional ones;
manifestation of emotional experiences and intentions of an individual.
It manifests itself in facial expressions (expressive movements of the facial muscles:
facial expression, smile, eye movements), pantomime (movements
expressive movements of the whole body: body movements, posture, gestures) and
"vocal facial expressions" - the dynamic side of speech (intonation,
timbre, rhythm, vibrato of the voice). Expressive movements are often
accompanied by changes in pulse, breathing, functioning
endocrine glands, etc.
LIFE MOVEMENT: HETEROGENEITY 598716 018 914
- functional, structural and morphological complexity
motor act. Each component of movement (cognitive,
programmatic, evaluative, affective and effector) can be
change in real conditions of motor behavior in response
to changes in the motor task, situation, internal resources
motor skills and functional states of the individual.
MOVEMENT APPARENTLY 897128 89812129 is an illusion,
characterized by a subjective perception of movement during succession
the potent presentation of stationary stimuli located in
different points in space. It can also arise in the visual system.
physical, and in auditory or tactile. On the use of this
Cinema was founded on illusions.
INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT 948 049 817 217 – im-
pulsating or reflexive motor acts performed
without conscious control. They can be adaptive in nature, such as
blinking, pulling away the hand when exposed to a painful stimulus
volgo, and maladaptive, such as chaotic movements in situations of
clouding of consciousness.
POST-VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT 489 716 318 717
(post-voluntary movement) – are formed as voluntary movements
free, but with subsequent folding of the indicative
the foundations in the course of their formation are removed from consciousness, automatically
are tized and become involuntary movements. They are motivated
can again become arbitrary without special formation
work.
MOVEMENT VOLUNTARY 8898 891 319 189 – external
consciousness and internal bodily motor acts (processes), consciousness
are regulated by the subject based on the need to achieve
in the definition of a goal as an image of an anticipated result. It is assumed that
they have a conscious orientation towards the goal, as in
both in the human plane and in the plane of imagination. They can be performed
means of both skeletal muscles, realizing spatial-
movements of the body, as well as the smooth muscles of the internal organs.
new (for example, blood vessels), realizing vegetative
functions.
VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT: FORMATION
988 319 817 89908 – transfer of control during construction
movements under conscious control.
DEAUTOMATION 899019 23 517 – loss of ability
perform without actual conscious control previously auto-
matized motor skills. Can be determined
the disturbing influence of external factors, or the occurrence of
with the natural forgetting of skill elements over time.
It may also indicate neurophysiological disorders.
decisions in lesions of the premotor regions of the cerebral cortex of the brain
leg.
DEBILITY 8980 719 88 091 – mild degree of mental retardation
mental strength.
DEDUCTION 519712 819 06489 – the movement of knowledge from more
general to less general, particular; deriving a consequence from a
reference. Closely related to induction. Logic considers deduct-
tion as a type of inference. Psychology studies the development and
violation of deductive reasoning. The movement of knowledge from more
to the less general is analyzed in its determinacy by all psi-
chemical processes, the structure of mental activity in
in general.
ACTION 598712 684367 - Voluntary Intentional
mediated activity aimed at achieving awareness
the desired goal.
ACTION AND OPERATION 598712 684367 88 – Miscellaneous
a complex action consists of a layer of actions and a layer of subjects
them operations. The boundary of the layers of actions and operations is mobile: its
upward movement means the transformation of some actions into
basically elementary, in the operation: there is an enlargement of the unitary
activity. The downward movement of the boundary means the transformation
operations into actions: there is a division of activity into more
smaller units.
ACTION: BASIS IS INDICATIVE
9 58712 68436 491 – a system of ideas about the goal, plan and average
in the conditions of implementation of the upcoming or performed action.
ACTION: PROPELLER COMPOSITION 712 684367 4719 811
– is a system of motor operations performed
in accordance with the motor task, the final formation
the implementation of which is possible only in the course of practical training,
aimed at refining the individual style of movement.
ACTION AUTOMATIC 519489 68 998 (automatic)
tism primary) - this group includes either congenital acts,
or those that form very early, often during the first
years of the child's life. This includes sucking movements, mi-
vision, grasping objects, convergence of the eyes, and many others.
Automatic actions are not conscious and cannot be controlled.
Moreover, attempts to understand them usually upset these
actions.
VOLITIONAL ACTION 591814 391882 – associated with awareness
the purpose of the actions or, at least, their immediate consequences.
possible consequences.
IMPULSIVE ACTION 5498713916 7809 – arises
cabins unexpectedly for the person himself, emotions are provoked-
we, and the awareness of their consequences comes only after the fact.
action. Here, a more ancient and faster method is at work.
reaction method.
INSTRUMENTAL ACTION 684367 – action,
serving as a means to an end other than the end itself
result of the action.
EXECUTIVE ACTION 598712 8679101 –
a developed skill that has a given accuracy and speed
growth, in the structure of which a certain set is used
labor operations and corresponding tools: tools
you, control and measuring instruments, controls and
etc.
OBSESSIVE ACTION 59881919 711 – involuntary
symptomatic and pathological acts committed by the
contrary to desire, often in spite of restraining efforts.
In most cases, they act as an intermediary, providing
satisfying a forbidden unconscious desire and
receiving relief.
ERROR ACTION 519 080 598 2188901 – general
name for a whole class of actions "with a defect", when performed
during which errors of various natures are discovered.
This includes slips of the tongue, typos, misreadings, mishearings, forgetting,
obfuscation, hiding, memory errors and mistakes-
delusions are an expression of the struggle between two incompatible unconscious
of positive aspirations (intentions and resistances), as a result
which disrupts the intended action and an error occurs
act.
PERCEPTIVE ACTION 914 8901 4819 – main
structural units of the perception process. Provide co-
a meaningful selection of a certain aspect of a sensory given system
tuations, as well as the transformation of information, sensory,
aimed at constructing an image that is adequate to the objective world and
giving activities.
PERCEPTIVE VICARIAL ACTION 419316 819 013 98
(vicarious perceptual actions) – perceptual actions si-
visual systems. They are aimed at analyzing the information presented
resulting from the excitation of the retinal receptors, and is accomplished
are achieved through small-amplitude eye movements (drift,
rapid jumps), leading to selective changes in sensitivity
the sensitivity of individual areas of the retina. Subjectively, the
are known as the movement of attention within the limits of a stabilized
of a visual image.
SUBJECT ACTION 891316719 891 – more complex
psychological formations than the actions themselves.
Directly related to the purpose of the activity, have a certain
lent subject content. They reveal the attitude towards
reality. The established actions are objective, having become personal
are a common asset, act as skills and abilities – ways of
management and activities.
SYMPTOMATIC ACTION 594 892 007 314 –
actions that seem random, purposeless (singing about
melodies, “sorting through” things, etc.
RANDOM ACTION 891016 319078 (random and
symptomatic actions) - varied, imperceptible and un-
significant unnecessary actions that appear random but are
in reality, they are full-fledged mental actions
you and, at the same time, signs of other, more important spiritual processes
cesses.
MENTAL ACTION 519 317989411 – operational system
intelligent radios aimed at identifying signs
objects not given in the perceptual plane – from mathematical
transformations to assessing the behavior of another person,
fulfilled in the internal plane of consciousness, without relying on external ones
means, including audible speech.
DEUTHERANOPIA 919716 319817 – impaired perception
individual colors, most often the green part of the spectrum, usually
caused by congenital factors. Light green color
indistinguishable from dark red, violet from blue, pur-
purple – from gray. In this case, the point of greatest perception
my lordship turns out to be somewhat shifted towards the red-
part of the spectrum and is located in its orange part;
The neutral point corresponds to a wavelength of 500 nm.
DELINQUENT 519 671 3190841 – a subject whose behavior
deviant in extreme manifestations is a criminal offense
actions to be taken.
DELIRIUM 519481719 379 - disturbance of consciousness, distorted
reflection of reality; accompanied by hallucinations,
delirium, motor agitation, disorientation
in time space. May alternate with periods of clarity.
awareness and critical attitude towards painful manifestations
lations. It occurs most often at the highest stage of some in-
infectious diseases and after injuries causing organic
brain damage.
DEMENTIA 591899016791 89 – acquired form of weak-
boumia - feeblemindedness resulting from underdevelopment or atrophy
functions of higher mental functions. Associated with a weakening of the ability
intellectual disabilities, emotional impoverishment, difficulties
the use of past experience.
BOXING DEMENTIA 548 791398761 5118 – term,
denoting the clinical condition of professional boxers,
characterized by the process of progressive dementia as a re-
the result of frequent blows to the head. Beginning with mild mental
logical and psychophysiological disorders, which then leads to drastic
to pronounced characterological and psychomotor defects
there.
DEPERSONALIZATION 319 488 891728 (depersonalization) –
1. A change in the individual's self-awareness, which is characterized by
loss of psychological and behavioral characteristics, character-
thorny for him as a person, the feeling of losing his self and
a significant experience of lack of emotional involvement
in relationships with loved ones, work, etc. Possible in case of illness
mental disorders and borderline states. In mild form
observed in mentally healthy people with emotional
overloads, somatic diseases, etc. 2. Expressed in
more or less objective loss of opportunity by an individual
the ability to be ideally represented in life
other people, to discover the ability to be an individual.
DEPRESSION 519514 319891 – in psychology – affective
a condition characterized by a negative emotional background,
changes in the sphere of motivational, cognitive representations
and general passivity of behavior. Subjectively, a person experiences
primarily involves difficult, painful emotions and experiences
- depression, melancholy, despair. Attractions, motives, volitional act-
activity is sharply reduced.
SENSORY DEPRIVATION 891671 319 064 – continued
a more or less complete deprivation of a person's sensory
impressions, implemented for experimental purposes.
DEREALIZATION 489719 016891 – disturbance of perception,
in which the external world is perceived as unreal or
distant, deprived of its colors, and violations occur
memory. Often accompanied by states of having already seen or
never seen before. May occur with brain damage.
head (especially the deep parts of the temporal region), in
in sleepy states and in mental illnesses.
DEREFLEXIA 5193718 919890619 – psychotherapeutic
a technique which consists of a client suffering from
some functional symptom, formulates a goal for itself:
1) come to terms with it, perceiving it as an inevitable evil;
2) in those situations that cause its manifestations, switch your attention from the impaired function to another activity, thereby giving the situation a different meaning. Due to this, the situation ceases to be perceived as another attempt to get rid of the symptom, but is considered, for example, as an opportunity for full-fledged communication with people.
DERMATOGLYPHICS 917 31861988 89 – recent
a new branch of knowledge that studies the development of finger patterns in
connections with heredity.
DESTRUCTIVENESS 419 688 789 0179481 – the basis of the most
malignant destructiveness and inhumanity, and together
the most severe pathological condition is the syndrome
disintegration.
DESTRUCTION 589761669 31 – destruction, violation of norms
the minimal structure of something, destruction.
DETECTOR 489 37188997691 – device for detection
a certain type of signals. Detectors are part of the analyzer.
traffic jams.
DETERMINATION 559 3178890619 – causal conditioning
understanding of phenomena and processes.
DETERMINISM 598061890619 89 – a concept according to
by which people's actions are determined - defined and
are limited by heredity and previous events.
their lives. In psychology, it is a natural and necessary
dependence of mental phenomena on the factors that generate them.
DETERMINED DOUBLE 598 761319841 – intended
of dreams and fantasies; justification by conscious arguments of such
actions, in the motivation of which the greatest participation is taken
slightly repressed.
CHILDREN: AGE DEVELOPMENT 59148901739 8 – at
development, a number of age periods can be distinguished: age
infancy, early age, preschool age, age
school junior, teenage age, youth age
early.
CHILDREN: MOTOR DEVELOPMENT 591 489 016 7 (development
child's motor development) is a process
qualitative modification of the child's movement system according to the method
re of its growth and accumulation of individual experience. The main
a set of universal motor reactions finally
is completed by the age of 11-14.
AFFECTIVE CHILDREN 591 068 398716 – children with
persistent negative emotional experiences and behavior
destructive activity, caused by dissatisfaction with important
for their needs. Forms of destructive behavior are
different. For some children, in a situation of failure, it is typical
his rejection, which can manifest itself in bravado, arrogance,
aggressive behavior. Others are characterized by a decrease in the level
claims, accompanied by self-doubt, fear
disappointment, touchiness, vulnerability. With constant
In the reproduction, inadequate reactions to failure are acquired
the form of stable character traits.
GIFTED CHILDREN 489761 398063 – children who show
those with general or special talent – for music, drawing,
, technology, etc. Children's giftedness is usually diagnosed
to determine the rate of mental development - the degree of advancement,
other things being equal, their peers; this is what they are based on
tests of mental giftedness and IQ
sti.
CHILDHOOD 489067 319227 – a term meaning the initial
periods of ontogenesis - from birth to adolescence (in
in a broader sense - until the possibility of inclusion in
adult life).
DEFECTOLOGY 598 063714 0 – a science that studies the law
dimensions and developmental characteristics of children with physical and mental
disabilities, as well as issues of their training and education
(special psychology).
DECENTRATION 51906421 9712 – coping mechanism
egocentrism of the individual, consisting in changing positions
subject as a result of collision, comparison and integration
with positions different from one's own.
ACT 891719 014 314 – form of manifestation of activity
subject, determined by its socially significant results,
for which the subject himself is responsible, even when they
go beyond his intentions. Personal responsibility
the subject of the act is determined on the basis of specific general
historical criteria for assessing its potential foreseen
to bear the consequences of their activity. The act is a con-
a concrete form of unity of the psychological and sociological
descriptions of the subject's activity, and it can be used as
unit of psychological analysis of personality. Through the act-
personalization of the individual in the system of relations is ensured
interpersonal relations.
ACTIVITY 598741 998 241 – dynamic system
active interactions of the subject with the outside world, during which
in which the subject purposefully influences the object, due to
which satisfies its needs; the emergence and
embodiment of a mental image in an object and realization of the mediated
the relations of the subject in the objective reality given to them
sti.
ACTIVITIES AND COMMUNICATION 518741228231 – During the activity
in activity, the subject-object-world type of relations is revealed
the subject of human existence, and in the course of communication - relationships
subject-subject type - interpersonal relationships of people,
human attitudes towards society. In social psychology there are
thesis on the unity of communication and activity - on the one hand,
communication is considered as a side of activity; on the other hand,
activity and communication are considered two sides of human
of Russian existence and way of life.
ACTIVITY:STYLEINDIVIDUAL
598041788 918 – stable individual-specific system
a system of psychological tools, techniques, skills, methods,
methods for performing some activity.
ACTIVITY: STRUCTURE 598714 318 (macrostructure-
ra) - from the position of the structure in the activity it is customary to distinguish
movements and actions.
ACTIVITIES LEADING 548769 018 998 – from the standpoint
activity-based approach to the study of the psyche - that activity,
with which, at this stage of development, the emergence of the most important is associated
of our mental neoplasms, in the context of which they develop
other activities and the foundations for the transition are laid
leading to new activities.
INTERNAL ACTIVITIES 519 891 419 31891 – all-
some mental work is not necessarily thinking work per se.
process, but also a mental reproduction of the upcoming actions.
actions, planning. It has a very important function: action
internal actions prepare external actions and economize
efforts to select the necessary actions, and also allow you to avoid
to make gross and even fatal mistakes.
CHILDREN'S ACTIVITIES 488719 816 098 – active
the interaction of a child with the outside world, during which
the ontogenetic formation of his psyche begins.
COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES 519317 914899 – in
socio-psychological aspect – a type of activity
joint, based on group ownership of
means of production and the final product of labor.
OPERATOR ACTIVITIES 599061 899072 – management
by technical devices, direct impact
acting on the object of activity instead of a person.
ACTIVITIES INDICATORY 598761 019311 –
behavior based on the examination of surrounding objects
with the aim of forming an image of the space where the outcome should be
the action of the subject is fulfilled; the totality of the actions of the subject
those aimed at active orientation in the situation, its general-
following and planning behavior.
SPECIAL ACTIVITY 517 488091499 (type of activity
(special) – a set of actions caused by one
him as a motive.
SUBJECT ACTIVITY 981814319 01 – activity
ity, subordinated to the characteristics of objects of material and spiritual
spiritual culture; practical actions with real objects-
of material and spiritual culture, respectively, according to their functions.
rational and culturally determined purpose. Direction
the goal is to learn the correct methods of using these pre-
methods and for the development of abilities, skills and abilities.
MENTAL ACTIVITIES 598 061719081 – psi-
chological analysis allows us to classify it from the standpoint
functions performed during human interaction with the world
and other people. Here we can talk about the functions of orientation.
testing, performing and comparison and control functions.
MENTAL ACTIVITY: DETERMINATION
519617 019488 89 – Classical formula of psychoanalysis: in psi-
There is no arbitrariness in the chemical world at all.
INTELLIGENT ACTIVITIES 519171 819 311 – its
manifestation is noted in primitive mammals, then
increases sharply – at the level of higher primates and reaches
maximum in humans.
ACTIVITIES BEYOND THE STANDARD 518 141988 051 –
voluntary, outside the established social norms,
the activity of an entity or group aimed at providing
helping other people.
SLEEP ACTIVITIES 548 0668 917 398 – the transition process
the hidden content of a dream into the explicit is one of a number of genera-
of mental processes that also determine the pro-
the emergence of hysterical symptoms, obsessive and delusional ideas
outgoing and pathological fears.
JOINT ACTIVITIES 514 966963 019 – in psi-
social science is an organized system of inter-
interacting individuals, aimed at the expedient
production, reproduction of objects of material and spiritual
of the cultural heritage.
ACTIVITIES LABOR 514518 19898 – plays a certain
a significant role in human life, no matter what form this activity takes.
activity was not accomplished. It is on it that, first of all, it depends
the existence of man and society.
ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL 514 889 0167891 – activities
leading age of the junior school age, in which the
there is a controlled appropriation of the foundations of social and experience
cognitive, primarily in the form of basic operations of intellect-
actual and theoretical concepts.
DIAGNOSIS 519006 319789 – determination of the nature of the disease and
the patient's condition based on his comprehensive medical
following.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS 588016 079 891 23 – os-
the main goal of psychodiagnostics; the final result of the activity
psychologist, aimed at describing and clarifying the essence of in-
individual psychological characteristics of the personality with the aim of
assessment of their current state, forecast of further development
and development of recommendations determined by the survey objective.
The subject of psychological diagnosis is the establishment of development
personalities of individual psychological nature both in the norm and in the disease
tologies.
DIAGNOSTICS 598 561988079 – section of medicine (including
including in psychiatry and psychotherapy), studying the signs of pain
diseases, methods of examining patients and principles of establishing
diagnosis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS 599061718918
971 – psychodiagnostics dialogue – alternating exchange of replicas-
two or more people. In a broad sense, a replica is considered
also a response in the form of an action, a gesture, silence. Each replica
dialogue – utterance – as a unit of speech of an individual has
subject relatedness (remark about something) and social character
character (directed towards the partner, regulated by microsocial
relationships between partners). Dialogue, ontogenetically
preceding internal speech, leaves an imprint on it
structure and functioning, and thus also on consciousness in the whole
scrap.
DISTRIBUTION RANGE 589061 318 (range of vari-
tions) – the difference between the maximum and minimum values-
we are in this distribution.
DIDACTOGENY 598716 389718 - caused by a violation
pedagogical tact on the part of the educator, teacher, trainer,
the leader and other negative mental state of the participants
(depressed mood, fear, etc.), negatively affected
based on his activities and interpersonal relationships.
May be the cause of neuroses.
GROUP DYNAMICS 891 488 311489 – set
intra-group socio-psychological processes and phenomena
characterizing the entire life cycle of a group of man-
loy and its stages: formation, functioning, development, stagnation
nation, regression, disintegration.
DIPLOPIA 5948 581619 7198 – the phenomenon of double vision
my image when deviating towards the direction of the visual
axis of one of the eyes: the image from one eye coincides with the object,
and the image from the other (with a deviated axis) goes beyond
object and is located nearby. After correction of visual
the axis of the eye the image will again coincide with the object.
DIPPOLDISM 418716388 917 – a special kind of sadism,
in which sexual pleasure is achieved by the subject through the use of
the demands of their students.
DYSGRAPHY 598718 419 399 – writing disorder, accompani-
achieved by replacing letters, omissions, permutations of letters and
syllables, merging of words. Caused by a violation of the speech system.
howl in general. It is considered as a symptom of alalia, when developing
in various forms of aphasia, with speech underdevelopment.
DISCRIMINATION 518417 398678 – Ability to separate
but to perceive two identical stimuli acting
simultaneously in two closely located areas of the skin.
in a generalized and expanded sense – distinction, the ability to differentiate
treatments.
INTERGROUP DISCRIMINATION 591489 019681 –
establishing differences between one's own and other groups.
DYSMORPHOPHOBIA 801 061 988 – a type of neurosis, characterized by
suffering from a pathological fear of looking ugly.
DISPERSION 591848 17019 (variance) – dispersion indicator
data corresponding to the mean square deviation of these
data from the arithmetic mean. Equal to the square of the standard
deviations.
DISPOSITION 591 619 081 9 (predisposition) – readiness,
the subject's predisposition to a behavioral act,
action, deed or their sequence. In psychology, the first
sonistic (personalism) means not causally determined
a natural tendency to action. In Russian psychology
the term is used primarily to denote a particular
known readiness of the individual to assess the situation and behavior,
conditioned by its previous experience (the concept of dispo-
positional).
DISSIMULATION 519 068719 331 – behavior contrary to
false simulation - associated with the installation of concealment, obscuring
treatment of a disease, its symptoms or individual manifestations.
DISSONANCE 518411 718906 – lack of harmony in something
or; discrepancy, contradiction, discord.
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE 598061318 719 – counter-
speech in the system of knowledge that gives rise to unpleasant feelings in the subject
experiences and motivating actions aimed at
elimination of this contradiction.
DISSOCIATION 899061 718917 – in psychology – disorder
the coherence of mental processes. The opposite concept
tie is an association.
DISSOCIATION HYSTERICAL 519488 719317 – fe-
nomenclature of split consciousness in hysteria.
DISTRESS 598761489891 – negative impact of stress
and stressful situations on activity – up to its complete
destruction.
DYSPHORIA 5987610 8912 - low mood with vari-
irritability, bitterness, gloominess, increased
sensitivity to the actions of others, with a tendency to
outbursts of aggression. Occasionally it can manifest itself atypically, in the form of
where there is an elevated or exalted mood with irritability
intensity, tension, aggressiveness. Especially characteristic
thorns for organic diseases of the brain, epilepsy
these, as well as in some forms of psychopathies (psychopathy ex-
(epileptic, epileptoid).
DYSFUNCTION 511 019489 48 – disorder, disturbance
functions of a certain organ, system, etc. – mainly qualitatively
of a personal nature.
MINIMAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTION
918415 9189016 (minimal brain dysfunction) - mild
behavioral and learning disorders without apparent intellectual disabilities
lectual disorders arising from deficiency
functions of the central nervous system; most often have resi-
dual-organic nature.
DIFFERENTIATION 59806 18719 41 – as intra-group
voy process – the position, status of members of a given community (group
py, collective, etc.). Each member of it occupies a certain
position - from the standpoint of authority, position held, etc. For
To identify the status of an individual in a group, methods are used
tiometric.
SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION 514312 848741 – sov-
a set of genetic, morphological and physiological
characteristics on the basis of which male and female are distinguished
skii gender. A fundamental and universal property of living things,
associated with the function of reproducing one's own kind. In humans,
ka is conditioned socio-culturally. From the moment of definition of pas-
the newborn's gender begins the process of its socialization
sexualization - the transmission of stable forms of social behavior to him
nal according to the role of gender.
DIFFERENTIATION 598612781319 –
1. The process by which an individual ceases to respond to those stimulus variants that are not followed by unconditioned or reinforcing stimuli and produces behavioral responses only to those stimuli that continue to be reinforced.
2. The process of accurately distinguishing, delimiting certain stimuli or objects of another kind; determining the differences between some of them and others.
DOGMA 519 4887193178 – an element of a certain doctrine or re-
leagues, considered to be absolute truth, not subject to con-
opinion.
DOMINANT 548 717519 488 – temporarily dominant
reflex system, a certain focus of physiological excitation
in the central nervous system, to which the transfer occurs
switching of stimuli, usually indifferent to the
of this focus. It determines the work of the nerve centers in
this moment and thus gives the behavior a certain
direction.
DON JUANISM 598061 718914 – psychotic state
men, characterized by their desire for constant change
partners and the inability to see in the relationship between men
nothing to a woman and a woman, except for the carnal, sexual aspect.
that.
RELIABILITY 519488 718917 – One of the characteristics
psychodiagnostic methods and tests. The concept of reliability
are close to the concept of validity, but not entirely identical to it.
DRIVE 8914897163 14 – a concept used in psychology
motivation and in learning theory. It means unconscious internal
a general attraction, generated by some organ-
ical need.
DRAMATIZATION 591489 061712 – process and mechanics
the art of translating thoughts into visual images.
OTHER SIGNIFICANT 589061 098714 – A person who is
having authority for a given subject of communication and activity
sti. Existing definitions of personal significance are disintegrating.
are divided into two main paradigms. The first describes the signifi-
another person's ability to change through the changes he makes in
a given individual; the second is aimed at correlating and determining
a shared coincidence of the characteristics of another significant and valuable
the individual's sphere of needs and needs.
FRIENDSHIP 8901 678 914 81 – a type of stable, individual-
selective interpersonal relations, characterized by mutual
attachment of participants, strengthening of affiliation processes
tions, mutual expectations of reciprocal feelings and preferences
nost. Developing friendship involves following an unwritten
"code" that affirms the need for mutual understanding,
mutual frankness and openness, trust, activity
mutual assistance, mutual interest in affairs and experiences
another, sincerity and selflessness of feelings.
DUALISM 8980 17 489417 – 1. The concept that asserts
coexistence of two equal principles. 2. In psychology –
dualistic approach.
REFLECTOR ARC: SCHEME 519 488 916317 – prin-
cip arc reflex spirituality - from the standpoint of materialism -
individual expression in the system of motives of the personality of two
fundamental needs:
1) ideal need
knowledge;
2) the social need to live and act “for others”.
SOUL 598061 291319 88 – a concept reflecting the historical
dramatically changing views on the psyche of humans and animals;
religion, idealistic philosophy and psychology the soul is a living
the creative and cognizing principle.
SOULWAR 591488 617381 – from the standpoint of materialism –
individual expression in the system of personality motives of the fun-
damental social need to live and act "for
others." This concept is connected with the concept of spirituality itself.
Warmth is characterized by a person’s kind attitude towards others.
to the people who surround him, with care, attention, and willingness to come to
help, share joy and sorrow.
_E_
E-WAVE 519481 068712 (waiting wave) - negative
change in electrical potential mainly in the forehead
but in the central parts of the cerebral cortex, associated with
tuning in to the appearance of a stimulus. Appears during the time between
the action of the signal of the setup and start-up, requiring non-
which reaction of the subject. Indicates readiness
act upon receiving a signal. The E-wave occurs after 0.5
s. after the action of the tuning signal. Its amplitude is directly
is associated with the speed of the required motor reaction, as well as with
tension of attention or will. This allows us to consider
it as a manifestation of the action of the mechanisms of voluntary behavior
go.
UNITY 598761 098511 –
1. Commonality, complete similarity.
2. Cohesion, integrity.
3. Continuity, mutual connection.
DUAL UNITY 589062 488971 – a concept for the
the meaning of excessively close, neurotic contact, the emergence of
repentant in some loving couples and based on regression-
these spheres of emotional up to those experiences that formed-
were in early childhood relative to their own mother.
VALUE-ORIENTATIONAL UNITY
89648 916598721 is one of the main indicators of cohesion
groups, recording the degree of coincidence of positions and assessments of its
members in relation to the goals of the activity and values, especially
especially significant for the group as a whole. An indicator of the unity of the service
the frequency of coincidences of positions of group members in relation to
objects of assessment that are significant for it. A high degree of unity
value-orientation state is an important source
intensification of intra-group communication and increasing the efficiency
the effectiveness of joint activities.
_AND_
BLOOD THIRST 989061 668436166 – an archaic feeling and
a type of violence aimed at self-affirmation through bloodshed
lithium and murder.
DESIRE 538417 988069 – a conscious attraction, reflecting
a need; an experience that has turned into action
the thought of being able to possess or achieve something
put.
IMPULSIVE DESIRE 591814918791 068 – in psi-
choanalysis inherited involuntary, impulsive desires
incest, cannibalism and bloodthirstiness - the thirst for murder.
SOCIAL DESIRABILITY 598 061918712 – fact-
tor, distorting self-reports - in particular, responses to items
personality questionnaires - by increasing the frequency of those self-
those who seem more attractive to the subjects, social-
generally acceptable, presenting them in a favorable light.
GESTURE 511 489317499 – an element of pantomime performed
through hand actions.
ANIMAL: CONSTRUCTIVE ACTIVITY
599068 909 719 – manipulation of objects, as a result of which
which the animal constructs a complex object: the nest of some
snails, fish, frogs and birds; various dwellings of rodents
new; beaver lodges and dams; chimpanzee sleeping nests, etc.
ANIMAL: WEAPON ACTION 599061 298 013 –
(tool activity of animals, tool actions of animals-
(nykh). A specific form of handling of objects by animals,
when an impact is made with one object - a tool - on
another object or animal; behavior involving non-
which objects to influence other objects.
ANIMAL: MENTAL ACTIVITY
598748 319891 – a holistic complex of all manifestations of behavior
and the psyche of animals, aimed at establishing vital
necessary connections of the organism with the environment; the process of reflection
mental reality as a product and manifestation of activity
animal's behavior in the external world. Studied in zoopsychology
(ethology).
ANIMAL: INTELLIGENCE 548916 319 884 – highest form
ma mental activity of animals (higher vertebrates),
distinguished by the reflection of not only the subject components
environments, but their relationships and connections (situations), as well as non-stereo-
typical solution to complex problems - in various ways with
renos and the use of various operations learned in
previous individual experience.
ANIMAL: THINKING 599 891 048916 – the process of
expressions of the mental external world, inherent in higher abilities
nocturnal animals, especially primates). Characterized by the ability to
ability to actively capture and establish connections between
objects based on generalized mental images. Realized
is performed by a motor-sensory analysis aimed at identifying
common features of various situations and the formation of limits
but a generalized image of the environment, similar to the image of the world in
human.
ANIMAL: LEARNING 388 916890819 (learning from animals)
(votnykh) – acquisition and accumulation by animals during ontogenesis
individual experience, improvement and modification
innate (instinctive) basis of mental activity
according to specific environmental conditions. Ready-
the ability to transfer individual experience from one that has already been
situations into new ones, due to which individual approach is achieved.
the adaptation of living organisms to their environment.
ANIMAL: COMMUNICATION 598061 984718 (communication) –
the transmission of information from one individual to another - "animal language"
"Communication between animals, unlike humans, is a closed
an innate system of signals (sounds, expressive postures and te-
movements, smells). Communication through the language of postures and movements.
It can take the form of rituals.
ANIMAL: BEHAVIOR 598594 398714 – inherent to the animal
interaction with the environment mediated by their beings
external (motor) and internal (mental) activity
sity, external manifestations of mental activity.
ANIMAL: BEHAVIOR AGGRESSIVE
219 006 918782 – threat and actions of an animal aimed at
representatives of the same or, less commonly, another species of animals;
action aimed at their destruction or elimination from the sphere
influence.
ANIMAL: GROUP BEHAVIOR 548 613 988
0491 - Coordinated joint actions, animal behavior
(many higher invertebrates and vertebrates), performed
when living in communities - permanent or temporary associations
in clusters, which, unlike simple clusters, have a certain
the structure of interactions and communication: herds, flocks, villages
myah, etc.
ANIMAL: DEMONSTRATION BEHAVIOR
51948191889 818 – a form of communication in animals, designed
inform other individuals about the physiological state of the animal
votnogo. Most often encountered in intimidation and courtship.
ANIMAL: BEHAVIOR INSTINCTIVE
819 061 318941 – a set of formed in the course of development
of this species of animals - in phylogenesis - is hereditarily fixed-
inherent, innate, common to all representatives of a species (species)
specific) components of behavior that form the basis
animal life.
ANIMAL: EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR
591897388716 – component of mental activity of the animal
, providing biologically adequate orientation of their
behavior in a situation of novelty.
ANIMAL: RITUAL BEHAVIOR 598061 789
671 – communication through the language of postures and movements, taking
form of rituals. Animal rituals are a complex set of instincts.
tive actions that have lost their original function and
entered into another sphere of life as signals or
symbols.
ANIMAL:BEHAVIORTERRITORIAL
591488 789319 – a set of various forms of animal activity
votnyh, aimed at capturing and using a certain
space (area, place) with which the execution is associated
all or some vital functions - sleep and rest, nutrition
of reproduction, etc.
ANIMAL: IMITATION 5980674 819 (imitation of
animals) is a special form of learning in conditions of communication, when
one animal follows the example of another.
ANIMAL: PSYCHE: PECULIARITY 48891678
9061 – refers to the differences between the psyche of animals and the psyche
of man. It is generally believed that the basis of all forms of behavior
animals - instincts, or more precisely, instinctive actions - gene-
physically fixed, inherited elements of behavior.
ANIMAL: RANK SOCIAL 599 061891 67 –
forms of social relationships among animals, forming
creating a semblance of hierarchy in their communities.
ANIMAL: COMMUNITY 891641898 712 – life of the old
in flocks, packs, and families is widespread among animals.
Animals living in communities exhibit particularly
complex forms of communication. A characteristic feature of many communities
- the hierarchy of their members.
VITAL ACTIVITIES 498716988 079 – totality
types of activity united by the concept of life and are characteristic of
to living beings.
LIFE 889041 3189888 –
1. The totality of phenomena that occur
walking in organisms. From the standpoint of materialism, a special form
existence and movement of matter, spontaneously arising
at a certain stage of its development.
2. Physiological essence
existence of a living organism.
3. The activity of the subject or entity
beings in some manifestations.
LIFE: PURPOSE 598 041 81939178 – (goal in life; goals of man-
human life) - the achievement of freedom, independence, purpose-
ness and the ability to love.
LIFE OF THE SOUL: POLARITY 214 2489891 889
(three polarities of spiritual life) - spiritual life in general
possess three polarities, opposites, consisting in such
relationships: 1) subject, I – object, external world; 2) pleasure-
action, pleasure – displeasure; 3) activity – passivity-
ness.
SEXUAL LIFE 591891 068 988 (sexual) – owl-
a set of somatic, mental and social processes,
which drives and by means of which the position is satisfied
your attraction.
SEXUAL LIFE NORMAL 591488 798061 – pre-
premise and condition are corresponding transformations of sexual
of sexual attraction during the period when the transition of sexual-
from infantile to mature forms.
PSYCHIC LIFE: PRINCIPLE 519512 819389 –
fundamental determinants and regulators of activity
psyche and personality. Three unequal principles are asserted.
pa: the pleasure principle, the reality principle and the principle of
standing.
_З_
NARCISSISTIC DISEASE 519 448 7190981 –
diseases caused by a pathogenic state of libido, directed
lennogo on I. This includes paraphrenia and paranoia (neurosis
narcissistic).
NEUROTIC DISEASE 59874251 898016 –
mental disorder; occurs from a conflict between two
aspirations: sexual need and deprivation and repression
neniem.
NEUROTIC DISEASE 519481 71931791
(the nature and tendency of neurotic diseases) – people are worried
they leave if they cannot really satisfy their erotic desire
need due to external obstacles or internal deficiency
ka in adaptability.
MENTAL ILLNESS 8345444 (mental illness)
(hic) - diseases that are characteristic mainly of
mental structures.
PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASE 819488 7193881
(psychosomatosis) is a branch of medical psychology that studies
the influence of psychological factors on the emergence of a number of diseases
somatic diseases - bronchial asthma, hypertension
disease, angina pectoris, duodenal ulcer
colon, ulcerative colitis, neurodermatitis, nonspecific
chronic polyarthritis.
FORGETTING 428 612 788910 is an active process, characterized by
characterized by a gradual decrease in the ability to remember and
reproduction of memorized material - loss of access to the
previously remembered material, the inability to reproduce
or learn what has been learned.
DEPENDENCE 898716 068 714 – from medicinal preparations
rats or drugs. It can be physiological if the organ-
nism needs this substance for normal (rather,
habitual) functioning, or psychological, if this
need – of an affective nature.
ENVY 489714318 591 – manifestation of motivation to achieve
in which someone's real or imagined advantages
in the acquisition of social benefits - material values,
success, status, personal qualities and other things are perceived
subject as a threat to the value of the Self and are accompanied by affective-
with special experiences and actions.
CLOSED TASK 5151981489 49 (closed task
type) – this includes tasks, problems and questions, where the answer
You need to choose from several proposed options.
NON-VERBAL TASK 598048 319881 – task, os-
based solely on observation, reasoning and manipulation.
populations.
IMAGINATIVE TASK 519 491818918 – contains exercises
with images - pictures, drawings, diagrams and so on,
involving the active use of imagination and thought
lenient transformations of images.
TASK OPEN 598411 71891817 (task open-
of that type) – this includes tasks, problems and questions where the answer
is given to the subjects independently.
PRACTICAL TASK 319488 715988 – contains
exercises and tasks that the subject must complete
visually-effectively - that is, practically manipulating reality
with substitute items or substitutes.
THEORETICAL TASK 514 817989716 – contains
exercises and tasks, the solution of which requires the manifestation of ability
abilities of theoretical thinking. In this sense, partly
are close to verbal test tasks, also dealing with understanding
tia; but they involve the use of mental operations
higher level of abstraction.
TEST TASK 519411899716 – contains exercises
and tasks of various kinds to be solved by the subjects
when performing the test. Based on the results of completing these tasks
assessments are made of the test subject's qualities being tested. Many
data are of a comprehensive nature, including actions and
practical, theoretical, verbal and figurative.
TEST TASK:LIMITATION
TEMPORARY 489671 298617 (time limitation for execution
(test assignments) is a requirement according to which the complete
the time for completing the test tasks should not exceed one and a half
two hours, because it is difficult for subjects to maintain the state for longer periods of time.
sufficiently high performance.
DEPOSIT 598 716 388 968 – natural prerequisites are possible
abilities; innate anatomical and physiological features
systems of the nervous system and brain, which form the natural basis of development
development of abilities.
PROBLEM 598716391 898 – given under certain conditions
(for example, in a problematic situation) the goal of the activity, which
must be achieved by transforming these conditions according to
a certain procedure. The task contains requirements (goal),
conditions (known) and the desired (unknown), formulated in
question. Between these elements there are certain
connections and dependencies through which the search and determination is carried out
division of unknown elements by known ones.
PROBLEM: SOLUTION 918487 319 444 – depending on
style of human mental activity and accessibility for him
the content of the problem, its solution is carried out in various ways
bami:
1) trial and error method - the least typical and the least
desirable: usually does not lead to the accumulation of experience and does not
serves mental development;
2) passive use of alcohol
gorithm;
3) purposeful transformation of the conditions of the problem;
4)
active use of the algorithm;
5) heuristic solutions.
MOTOR PROBLEM 489 44 12 89714 – mental
the image of the movement that needs to be performed; it correlates
information about the purpose of the movement, about the means and methods of solution
tasks.
DELAY 519317 898 711 – slowing down or stopping the development
development of some kind of attraction or process.
STUTTERING 898071 318 42 – a disorder of oral speech, in which
torus it becomes intermittent, involuntary
division of a word into syllables or sounds, a spasm-like sensation occurs
tension in the facial muscles, which leads to difficulty communicating with
other people.
SCIENTIFIC LAW 48712 518 44 – The body of science consists of
laws are the stable relationships between phenomena that have been discovered,
the use of which allows us to describe, explain and predict the phenomenon
of reality.
BIOGENETIC LAW 519 489719 061 – in psycho-
logy - the transfer of the relationship between
du ontogenesis and phylogenesis. The theoretical model, according to
which in the individual, primarily embryonic, development
In higher organisms there is a regular repetition
(recapitulation) of the characteristics inherent in their biological
ancestors.
BLOCH'S LAW 398417 899 011 - Consists in the fact that the great-
the degree of subjective brightness of a short flash of light depends on
the product of the intensity of a light stimulus and its duration
ity. But this law operates only in the near-threshold region and
when the stimulus duration does not reach a certain critical value
point.
BOUGHER-WEBER LAW 595 718481319 (sometimes – the law
Weber) - one of the basic laws of psychophysics - is established
for the case of distinguishing one-dimensional sensory stimuli
directly proportional dependence of the differential threshold
dependent on the magnitude of the stimulus I to which it is adapted
this system is sensory: 1L=K (const). The coefficient K, obtained
called the Weber ratio, is different for different
sensory stimuli: 0.003 – for pitch; 0.02 – for type
brightness; 0.09 – for the volume of sounds, etc. It records
the amount by which the stimulation should be increased or decreased
resident to obtain a subtle change in sensation.
WEBER-FECHNER LAW 591488 718841 – logarithmic
ical dependence of the strength of sensation E on physical intensity
stimulus P: E = k log P + c, where k and c are some constants,
determined by a given sensory system.
DONDERS LAW 8981 8781891008 – the law of summative-
post-process of mental (cognitive) based on
the stool on the additivity (or non-overlapping) of its individual
stages. Based on the materials of research into reaction time as a pro-
process that unfolds in the period between the appearance of the stimulus and
implementation of the response, Donders substantiated the method of calculation-
taniya, designed to provide the ability to determine the duration
the nature of individual stages.
YERKES-DODSON LAWS 891619 719884 – established
dependence of the quality (productivity) of the activity performed
activity from the intensity (level) of motivation.
JOST'S LAW 519481 719 992 is an empirical regularity
the theory that, with equal probability of reproduction,
from the memory of meaningless information older information
knowledge is forgotten more slowly and requires less effort to learn
number of repetitions. This pattern is based on the mechan-
the process of transferring information from short-term to long-term memory
temporary.
MÜLLER-HAECKEL LAW 489161714 312 – the law of bio-
genetic - Piper's Law. An empirical regularity,
according to which the threshold of visual perception decreases
proportional to the square root of the area of influence of the sti-
mule - provided that this area exceeds 1.
RIBO'S LAW 489 161 917 891 - a regularity, according to
which is the destruction of memory in progressive amnesia, -
for example, in cases of illness or in old age, -
have a certain sequence. First they become
inaccessible memories of recent events, then begin-
the subject's mental activity begins to be disrupted; they lose
feelings and habits; finally, instinctive
memory. In cases of memory restoration, the same stages occur.
go in reverse order.
RICCO'S LAW 489 716 319 811 - a regularity, according to
which such characteristics of the threshold stimulus as brightness
bone and angular area of impact are in reverse direction
proportional dependence. This law is effective for irritating
light sources of small angular dimensions. As its meth-
the mechanism indicates the nervous summation of stimuli, due to
which the eye adjusts to the perception of light of small intensity
intensity.
STEVENS LAW 489161719 881 – formula – modification-
the law of psychophysical fundamental (Weber-Fechnet law)
ra), which connects the strength of sensation with a certain degree of fi-
intensity of the stimulus. According to it, between a number of
the house of sensations and a number of physical stimuli exists
not a logarithmic, but a power-law dependence: n Y = kS where Y is
subjective value, sensation; S – stimulus; n – indicator
degrees of the function; k is a constant depending on the unit of measurement.
niya. Another form of writing: n E = kP where E is the strength of sensation; P is the phy-
physical intensity of the stimulus; k and n are some constants.
In this case, the exponent of the power function for different modal-
the sensations vary: for loudness it has a value of 0.3,
for electric shock – 3.5.
TALBOT'S LAW 519 377891481 - a regularity,
according to which the apparent brightness of a source of intermittent light
upon reaching the flicker fusion frequency it becomes equal
brightness of continuous light with the same values of luminous flux
current.
FECHNER LAW 531489 069718 – The law according to which
the magnitude of the sensation is directly proportional to the logarithm of the in-
intensity of the stimulus - that is, an increase in the strength of the stimulus
The growth in geometric progression corresponds to the growth of sensation
in arithmetic progression. At the same time, his own
the fundamental postulate that a barely noticeable increase in sensation
is a constant value and can be used
use as a unit of measurement of sensation.
HICK'S LAW 598741 918811 - states that the reaction time
tions when choosing from a number of alternative signals
depends on their quantity. This pattern has taken the form of a lo-
harithmic function: BP = a*log(n+l), where BP is the average value
reaction time for all alternative signals; n –
the number of equally probable alternative signals; a is the coefficient
ent of proportionality. The unit is introduced into the formula to account for
another alternative is in the form of signal skipping.
EBNEY'S LAW 491814 31871298 - summation effect
the brightness of several spectral colors when combined,
causing the perception of a new single color.
EMMERT'S LAW 599 068 718 213 - a regularity,
according to which the visible magnitude of the image of successive
directly depends on the distance of the screen where the image is projected.
the law is based on a mechanism that ensures constancy
visible sizes of actually perceived objects. This law
the numbering may not be visible at large distances
screen (over 10-15 m), as well as with eidetism.
LAW OF SPECIFIC ENERGIES 598716 389766 –
postulate as a general principle of sensory psychophysics, according to
to which each sense organ has a specific one
a type of sensation that is independent of the nature of the stimulus
resident.
DEPUTY 514718 914 312 – spiritual impulse,
directed from the unconscious to consciousness and representing itself
a new form of an old repressed idea associated with incompatibility
our desire.
SUBSTITUTION 219618 918071 – process and result of replacement
repressed drive or the idea of some other ten-
dence or symbol; a protective mechanism that has different
forms of manifestation. To the results and indicators of substitution
include actions that are wrong, witticisms, some components
dreams, neurotic symptoms, etc.
SMELL 289716 018 034 – a sensation caused by the influence of
the effect of odorous substances on the receptors of the nasal mucosa
howl of the cavity.
SEALING 298487 998194 (imprinting) - Spec-
a static form of learning in higher vertebrates, in which
distinctive features of objects of some are recorded
innate behavioral acts.
MEMORY 298761 519 314 – generalized name of the act-
tive processes that ensure the retention of the material in the pat-
mint; entering information into memory.
INVOLUNTARY MEMORY 519 612 81488917
- memorization without the intention of memorizing the material, without using
application of special means for better preservation of the material in
memory.
MEMORY, VOLUNTARY 916899 001 – special
an action whose specific purpose and intention is to
remember exactly, for the maximum period, for the purpose of subsequent
reproduction or simply recognition – determines the choice of the method
methods and means of memorization, and therefore affects its results.
PROHIBITION 498716 398718 - a regulation that prescribes
refusal to satisfy desire.
INFECTION 598 716 019 212198 (emotional infection)
(noe) – in social psychology – the process of transmitting emotional
state from one individual to another on psychophysiological
at the logical level of contact – in addition to the actual semantic potential
actions or in addition to them.
SHADING 591814 is a methodical procedure for the investigation of
of auditory attention. It consists in the fact that the subject must
wives repeat aloud a message transmitted over one of the non-
how many channels, and the channel is specifically indicated by the experimenter-
tator. For example, when listening to a dichotic, it is necessary to
repeat the message coming through the right ear when ignored
in the processing of sound coming through the left ear.
LEARNING 398 741 988 7191 – organized repetition
gathering information for the purpose of memorization.
PROTECTION 519481 979881 (psychic protection) – total
the nature of unconscious mental processes that ensure
protection of the psyche and personality from dangerous negative and destructive
tive actions of intrapsychic and external impulses.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROTECTION 591069 51 – special
regulatory system of personality stabilization, system of mechanisms
words aimed at minimizing negative experiences
niy - to eliminate or minimize the feeling of anxiety,
associated with the awareness of a conflict that threatens the goals
personality integrity. The function of psychological protection is fencing.
the protection of the sphere of consciousness from negative, traumatic experiences
ny.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY 598061 319781
- relatively stable positive emotional transition
living and the individual's awareness of the possibility of satisfaction
basic needs and security of one's own rights in
any, even unfavorable situation, and when circumstances arise
entities that can block or hinder their implementation.
SOUND: PITCH 519381 998617 – subjective quality
sounds, determined by their frequency. By frequency, sounds can be determined
be divided into low or high.
MENTAL HEALTH 519481913711 81 – condition
mental well-being, characterized by the absence of painful
mental manifestations and providing adequate conditions
pits of reality regulation of behavior and activity.
the concept of holding is not limited to medical and psychological
ical criteria, it always reflects social and
group norms and values regulating spirituality
human life.
SIGN 519688 719317 019 – an object or phenomenon that serves
representative of another object, phenomenon, process.
KNOWLEDGE 598764 019 82 – in combination with skills and abilities
niami ensure correct reflection in the ideas and
thinking about the world, the laws of nature and society, relationships
people, a person’s place in society and his behavior.
KNOWLEDGE: APPLICATION 398781 499 511 – use
conceptual schemes for developing one's own activities.
This requires the presence of already formed in-
intellectual, containing special rules according to which it is necessary
to expand activities in new conditions. Development of similar
cial skills are usually achieved through training through
solutions to problematic situations. Using these skills in-
intellectual, recognition of previously acquired material is achieved
ala in new situations, application of abstract knowledge.
VALUE 518761384871 – generalized form of reflection
the subject of socio-historical experience acquired in
in the course of joint activities and communication; exists in the form of
concepts objectified in action schemes, social roles,
norms and values. Through the system of meanings, consciousness
the subject is presented with an image of the world, other people and himself.
ZONE 598 511 689071 – a space characterized by a certain
shared common features.
DEVELOPMENT ZONE 517391 891489 nearest (development zone-
(tion of potential) – 1. Opportunities in mental development,
opened with minimal assistance from the subject. 2.
The difference in the level of difficulty of the tasks solved by the child himself
independently (current level of development) and under the guidance
adult. The provision on the development zone of the nearest formed the basis
in the development of age-related and
psychology of the pedagogical concept of the relationship between learning
and development of the child's mental abilities.
EROGENOUS ZONE 59867106801 128 – certain parts
or body parts - genitals, oral cavity, anus
opening, the excretory duct of the urinary bladder, and others, are involved
involved in the development and functioning of the sexual instinct;
places of the body that play a role in receiving sexual pleasure
ings. They have a special sensitivity and are associated with some
other physiological functions; their irritation results in
causes pleasant excitement, sexually charged.
ZOOPRAGMATICS 489061 968788 – a discipline that describes
communication, communication of animals as a kind of
language from positions corresponding to the positions of pragmatics, or
more specifically, from the standpoint of origin and mechanisms of action,
implementing communication channels for transmitting information (op-
tic, chemical, acoustic, tactile, etc.) and degrees
ritualization of these actions.
ZOOPSYCHOLOGY 398764 519812 – the science of the psyche of animals
votnykh, about the manifestations and patterns of mental evolution-
tions of the animal psyche, about the manifestations and patterns of psi-
chemical reflection at this level. Considers the problems
development of the psyche in phylogenesis, studies - primarily in la-
laboratory conditions - the formation of mental processes in
animals in ontogenesis, the origin of the psyche and its development in
the course of evolution, biological prerequisites and prehistory of
the birth of human consciousness.
ZOOSEMANTICS 489671 999 481 – a discipline that describes
communication, communication of animals as a kind of
language from the standpoint of semantics, more specifically – from the standpoint of informative-
content of communicative actions, which can
relate to the spheres of recognition, to the motivation of behavior and to the relation-
solutions with the environment.
ZOOPHILIA 391517318 941. Love for animals, more
partly erotic - when the libido is directed towards animals.
MATURITY 398061 219 (adulthood), a state to which
comes to the organism at the end of the development period. The longest
period of ontogenesis, characterized by a tendency to achieve
to the highest development of spiritual, intellectual and physical
ical abilities of the individual.
PREMATURE MATURITY 519488 079398 – self-
voluntary, premature sexual maturity, which
is expressed in the violation, reduction or cessation of infant-
latent period and becomes the cause of disease
niy, causing sexual manifestations that may have
only the nature of perversions - as a result of the unprepared state
genital delays and an underdeveloped genital system.
VISION 588 061 989 711 – the ability to transform into
visual sensations of electromagnetic radiation energy
light range (within the range from 300 to 1000 nm). When absorbed,
the generation of light quanta by the visual pigments of the retina
visual stimulation. Photochemical changes in the pigment
retinal structures lead to changes in electrical potentials.
alov, which are then distributed throughout all levels of the system.
visual.
ACHROMATIC VISION 518914 319 889 – loss
ability to distinguish chromatic colors. In this case, the external
the world is perceived in gray, differing only in brightness -
depending on the spectrum of perceived light. Maximum
green color is perceived brightly, which is typical for vision
twilight people with normal color vision.
BINOCULAR VISION 518 617 998 227 – simultaneous
the formation of two images of the same object
on the retinas of both eyes – one of the main mechanisms of perception
depths of space.
SPATIAL VISION 598 061 788 610 (vision
depth) – visual perception of the three-dimensionality of space.
In this case, two main classes of perceptual operations are distinguished:
, providing constant perception: some allow
estimate the distance of objects based on binocular and
monocular motion parallax, others - to evaluate
direction.
MESOPIC VISION 890 061 668 917 (mesopic vision)
river) – is intermediate between day and night.
SCOTOPIC VISION 598 614 898 171 (night vision)
(noe) - is provided by means of a rod apparatus; when
In this case, only achromatic colors are perceived, but light-
the sensitivity is very high.
PHOTOPIC VISION 598 661 310 981 (daytime vision)
(noe) – is provided by means of the cone apparatus, for
due to which the possibility of color differentiation appears.
COLOR VISION 558 612 091 318 – ability to distinguish
to separate sub-ranges of electromagnetic radiation in
range of the visible spectrum (369-760 nm). The signals received
from the peripheral parts of the visual system, in its highest
spectrally sensitive nerves are received in the most important departments.
cells that are excited by the action of one of the
colors of the spectrum and are inhibited by the action of another.
_AND_
IATROGENY 518 419 31798791 (iatrogeny) – arising
resulting from the incorrect actions of the doctor who provided
the client's unintentional suggestive influence (for example, un-
cautious commentary on the characteristics of the disease), not-
favorable changes in mental state and psychogenic
reactions that contribute to the emergence of neuroses. Synonym –
suggested disease.
GAME 518 006 78967 – activity of an individual aimed at
conditional modeling of some expanded activity. For
human - a form of activity in conditional situations, directed
aimed at recreating and assimilating social experience, fixed
oriented in socially established ways of implementation
actions of the subject, in the subjects of science and culture.
GAME: DEVELOPMENT / PRESCHOOL AGE 519 541
889 317 – (development of play in preschool age) a process in which
In this way, the child's play takes the form of social learning.
BUSINESS GAME 598714 888 91 – a form of recreation of the pre-
the local and social content of professional activity
ness, modeling of systems of relations characteristic of a given
type of practice. Conducting a business game is a deployment
implementation of special (game) activities of participants on the model of imitation
tional, recreating the conditions and dynamics of production.
SUBJECT GAME 598 71631 214 – children’s game with objects
of material and spiritual culture or their substitutes,
subject to the cultural and historical characteristics of these pre-
metov and their intended purpose.
PROJECTIVE GAME 519387 918 499 – one of the methods
projective, related to the group of catharsis techniques.
ROLE-PLAYING GAME 598741 389 618 – one of the elements of psi-
khodrama – the performance of various roles by its participants, which is significant
we for them in real life.
CHILDREN'S ROLE-PLAYING GAME 518 781984 317 (role-playing game
children) - the predominant form in preschool-aged children
games that involve modeling actions and relationships
of adults. The role of an adult that a child takes on,
involves following certain, often implicit, rules
lamps, due to which both game actions with the pre-
metas, as well as relationships with other children included
into the game.
SYMBOLIC GAME 598 748 918 3 – a type of game where
reality is reproduced in the form of symbols or signs, and the action
game actions are performed in an abstract symbolic form
me.
STORY GAME 598064 318 78 – a children’s game where the
plots are derived from events in real life, fairy tales, etc.
ROLE-PLAYING GAME 598421 319 816 – form of game
ry, combining elements and features of the game plot-
and role-playing games.
IDEALIZATION 819 816 917234 – aspiration that creates
private judgment manifested in the phenomenon of sexual trans-
evaluation of the object due to the fact that the selected object is, to some extent,
degree is not subject to criticism and all its qualities are appreciated
higher than the qualities of unloved people, or than the qualities of that
the same object, while it has not yet been loved.
IDEAL 319448719 01 – a special way of being of an object,
its representation (active reflection) in the mental world
and the life activity of the subject.
IDENTIFICATION 51948 01 216 – this concept is considered
is considered as the most important mechanism of socialization, manifested in
the acceptance by an individual of a social role upon joining a group, in
awareness of group belonging, formation of the established
social innovations, etc.
GROUP IDENTIFICATION 819917 818 941 – ann.
the identification of an individual with a generalized image of a member of a certain
social groups or social communities, due to which the pro-
there is an acceptance of its goals and values, often uncritical.
COLLECTIVE IDENTIFICATION 514217 219890
(collectivist identification) – arising in the activity
sti joint form of humane relations, in which the transfer
the lives of one of the group are given to others as motives for behavior,
organizing their own activities aimed at one
simultaneously to achieve the group goal and to eliminate
frustrating influences (frustration). Means unity
motivation, formation of relationships based on morality
principles. It is especially fully expressed in sympathy and
participation, when each member of the group is emotionally and actively involved
responds to each person's successes and failures.
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION 598 067 918804 – me-
a mechanism whose action is based on a strong emotional
the individual's connections with other people, primarily with parents,
leading to assimilation - most often unconscious - to these
"significant others". Orientation towards another person as a general
The sample significantly increases social learning performance.
IDENTIFICATION NARCISSISTIC 5914 891087 019
- the process of self-projection onto the I of the lost sexual
object, when the allocated libido is oriented towards the I, but when
in this case, a person treats his ego as an abandoned object
and directs ambivalent impulses towards the Self, including, in
among others, aggressive components.
GENDER IDENTIFICATION 519719 89049 61 –
the process and result of a child acquiring psychological and
behavioral characteristics of a person of a certain sex;
his identification with a person of a certain gender and acquisition
psychological features and behavioral characteristics of a person
same or opposite sex, including typical behavior
role-playing.
IDENTITY (identity of I) 914 718518198641891 –
a sense of self-identity, one's own truth, completeness
values, belonging to the world and other people. A sense of gain-
tenseness, adequacy and stable possession of the personality of the property
the self regardless of changes in the latter and the situation;
the ability of an individual to fully solve problems that arise
facing her at every stage of development.
GENDER IDENTITY 519 488 714 317 – awareness
an individual's gender identity; his experience of his own
her masculinity - femininity; readiness to play a certain
the assigned role of sex. The unity of self-awareness and behavior of the in-
a person who identifies himself as belonging to a certain gender and orientation
oriented towards the requirements of the corresponding sexual role.
is one of the aspects of personal identity and to a large extent
degree is based on imitation of parents.
IDEA 54131 89 0168 –
1. Thought, general concept, representation
a statement about an object or phenomenon that reflects reality,
expressive attitude towards her.
2. The defining concept underlying
at the basis of the theoretical system, logical construction, world-
views.
3. Thought, design, intention, plan.
4. A mental image of something, a concept of something.
IDEA OF SUPERVALUABLE 591 811 01971 – judgments, ideas,
ideas that occupy an inappropriate place in the subject’s consciousness
their predominant position is relevant to their significance. Accompanying
are characterized by pronounced emotional experiences.
IDOL 598061 789 12 – idol, god; some object of worship
respect, low-grade veneration.
IDOLATRY 5914 018 –
1. Worship of idols
as a religious cult.
2. Worship, veneration of certain objects that act as “idols” – usually unreflective, little realized.
IDOLATRY MODERN 598741 219 –
currently active, widespread powerful collective
a form of worship of strength, success and market power, which includes
itself a multitude of hidden elements of various primitive re-
ligiy.
MEASUREMENT 598 784 319 68 – in psychology – identification of co-
quantitative characteristics of the studied mental phenomena. In
In a broad sense, measurement is a special procedure by means of which
the second number (or at least ordinal values) are assigned
things according to certain rules. The rules themselves consist of the estab-
renewing the correspondence between some properties of numbers and
some properties of things.
IMAGE DUAL 39148 – (image
ambiguous) - an image that allows for the separation of its components
elements on the subjectively perceived figure and background
in a mutually opposite way: then one part of this image
one is perceived as a figure, the other as a background, then –
vice versa.
ISOLATION 498716 319 01 – Exclusion of an individual from the usual
relations, which can be observed under special conditions
work (space flight, wintering), or in a clinic for nervous and
mental illnesses (in case of damage to analyzers, in case of illness
mental disorders). In such conditions, side effects appear.
the negative consequences of isolation - in the form of the emergence of states of drowsiness,
apathy, irritability; loss of temporal orientation occurs
orientations; the ability to think and remember is impaired.
niyam. Illusions or hallucinations may develop.
GROUP ISOLATION 594 781 914 1 – psychological
aspect: forced long-term stay of a group of people in
in conditions of limited space, scarcity of stimuli
sensory and constant communication with the same people.
In conditions of group isolation, people are in space time.
ic flights, scuba diving, at hydrometeorological stations,
lighthouses, etc.
SENSOR ISOLATION 391819 016918 – sharp limitation
the variety of ordinary sensory sensations - visual
nal, auditory, etc.; partial or even complete exclusion of in-
divida from the flow of ordinary sensory sensations.
STRICT INSULATION 519 816 418 – experimental
a technique by which the effect of isolation on
human.
ILLUSION 589461 718 01 (illusion of perception) – inadequate
cotton reflection of the perceived object and its properties;
the perception of particular features of some objects
or images.
ARISTOTLE'S ILLUSION 419 318 9164219 – consists of
that a small ball placed between crossed
with the index and middle fingers, it is perceived as two different
nyh ball. Refers to tactile illusions.
ILLUSION CONTRAST 584 171916 48 – distortion
perception of specific features of objects that arises when
violation of habitual stereotypes. Manifested in re-evaluation
signs opposite to the usual ones, especially often - in
sensations of temperature and taste. So, after a cold
warm is perceived as hot; after sour or salty
the degree of sweetness is overestimated.
MOON ILLUSION 5980614 318 – visual illusion, ha-
characterized by the fact that the perceived size of a celestial body (the Moon)
(the Sun) appears larger when it is positioned low above the mountain.
umbrella than when positioned high in the sky.
ILLUSION OCULOGRAPHIC 519 48171 – viewer-
but the perceived apparent movement, due to the influence of
the vestibular apparatus during acceleration of the movement of observation
the giver in the direction of the vertical axis of the body. Observed in p-
lots during and after the ascent or descent:
At the end of the set, it seems that the object continues to move
down, and upon exiting the dive – up. The illusion can be expressed
to shrink into distortion of shape, size and other spatial
characteristics of objects.
OPTICAL-GEOMETRIC ILLUSION 589 061 21 –
various visual illusions, manifested in the distortion of corre-
relationships of spatial features of visible objects.
It is believed that they are caused by the action of mechanisms that ensure
which indicate the constancy of the visible sizes and shapes of objects.
Most of these illusions have parallels in illusions of touch.
tel.
ILLUSION OF GRAVITY 591 489 019 – distortion of perception
weight characteristics of objects, conditioned by past experience:
if you lift two objects of the same weight but different volumes
object, then the smaller one is perceived as heavier.
IMAGE 571 48 12 – formed in the consciousness of the masses and
an emotionally charged image that has the character of a stereotype
someone or something. A certain image can be possessed by
give political figure, profession, product, etc.
IMPOTENCE 8851464 – sexual impotence. In psychology
is understood broadly - in relation to psychological
phenomena.
MENTAL IMPOTENCE 8985 419 81 – miscellaneous
various sexual dysfunctions, most of which
has the character of simple inhibition.
IMPRINTING 918481 is a concept meaning early sealing.
chatter in animals.
IMPULSE 519 514 819 –
1. An impetus to do something, an incentive to do something; a reason that causes some action.
2. Electrical impulse – a quick short-term jump
electric current or voltage.
NERVE IMPULSE 489061 09817 – rapidly spreading
a wave of excitation that travels along the nerve fiber, arising
when the ending of a sensory nerve fiber is irritated
the fiber itself or the body of the nerve cell (neuron).
is characterized by rapid changes in excitability, conductivity and
other properties of the fiber.
SHAMEFUL IMPULSE 981317061 – the name of the psychosex-
phenomena that were later called entailed
teachings.
IMPULSIVENESS 488 01678918 – a character trait that is
expressed in the tendency to act without sufficient conscious-
control, under the influence of external circumstances or emotional
onal experiences.
IMPUNITY 489 068 719 – tendency to attribute-
to place responsibility for failures primarily on external
conditions and conditions.
INVERSION 489064 3197 –
1. The process and result of rearrangement or reversal (replacement) – even to the point of opposites – of motives, attitudes, desires, reactions, behavioral acts, etc.
2. Type of sexual orientation of men and women,
in which persons are chosen as objects of sexual intercourse
of your gender.
INVERSION: PSYCHIC MECHANISM 498711 619 8
– a set of mental states and processes that determine
that determine the emergence, development and action of inversion.
INVERTATION 489714 811 – the phenomenon of manifestation of some-
of some psychological qualities, characteristics in the "inverse",
"inverted" form - that is, in a form, in a certain sense
or in relation to the opposite of their normal manifestation.
ABSOLUTE INVERTATION 489641918 74 – phenomenon
sexual orientation towards objects of one's own, and not the opposite
gender.
AMPHIGENIC INVERSION 489 7163194 (hermaphrodite-
psychosexualism) is a phenomenon of psychosexual orientation
tions simultaneously on objects of one's own and the opposite sex.
INHIBITION 488610 914 – the process and result of oppression,
slowing down or even stopping some reactions, processes
owls, some kind of activity or activity.
INHIBITION SOCIAL 4897169184 – decrease
(suppression), deterioration in the productivity of the individual's work.
the house of activity, its speed and quality in the presence of a constant
random people or observers, real or imaginary
(without interfering with its actions), acting as a co-
the observer or observer of his actions (subjectivity of the reflection)
female). A phenomenon opposite to social facilitation.
INDEX 488 617 01914 – index, register of names, titles and
etc. In psychology - a digital indicator for quantitative
assessment, characterization of phenomena.
SOCIOMETRIC INDEX 4890 617 319 – system
symbols, digital and letter, for quantity
natural characterization of the phenomena under study.
INDIVIDUAL 48916 71913 (individual) – talk about the individual
they say when they consider a person as a representative of hominis
sapientis.
INDIVIDUALITY 489712 6148 – A person characterized by
determined by its socially significant differences from others
people; the uniqueness of the psyche and personality of the individual, its uniqueness
ability. It manifests itself in the features of temperament, character, in the
digitalization of interests, qualities of perceptual processes (perception)
and the intelligence, needs and abilities of the individual.
INDIVIDUATION 499618 71809 – the process of searching for a human
a lump of spiritual harmony, integration, integrity, meaningfulness
sti. The concept of individuation occupies an analytical position in psychology.
skoy central place.
INDIGO 498716 319 882 19 – an ethno-specific term,
meaning syndromic manifestations of behavioral regression - with
a sudden change in consciousness and uncontrollable
our desire to eat human flesh.
INDICATION 489 064 3191 –
1. The process and result of indicating the presence or absence of a certain state or process.
2. The process and result of displaying the state or progress of a process or other object of observation, its qualitative or quantitative characteristics.
INDUCTOR 489614 719 – subject addressing the message
recipient. Synonym – communicator.
INDUCTION 499711898418 – the movement of knowledge from individual
statements to general provisions. Closely related to deduction.
Logic considers induction as a type of inference, differing
tea induction complete and incomplete. Psychology studies the development
and violations of inductive reasoning. Movement from the singular-
the approach to general knowledge is analyzed in its determinacy by all
mental processes and the structure of mental activity
sti in general.
INERTIA 419517 31948 – a concept used in psi-
hophysiology to indicate low mobility of the system
nervous, characterized by difficulties in switching
conditioned stimuli from a positive mode to an inhibitory one,
and vice versa. In case of pathological disorders, for example, in case of
in the frontal lobes, inertia can manifest itself in the form of
perseverations.
INITIATIVE 428714318 7 – manifestation of active activity by the subject
independence, not stimulated from the outside and not defined by
circumstances that were different from his.
INITIATION 489614 7129 – a set of actions, mainly
rituals, by means of which the formal ceremony is performed
the change in the social status of the individual is strengthened,
its inclusion in a certain closed association, its acquisition
special knowledge, as well as functions or powers.
INNERVATION 499617 81914 – conduction of nerve impulses
awakenings in various organs.
INNOVATION 51931791814 (innovation) – in social-
psychological aspect – creation and implementation of various types
yes innovations that generate significant changes in social
practice. There are socio-economic, organizational,
but-managerial and technical-technological innovations.
INSTANCE 598614 319 7 (system) – an integral part of the app-
parata of the psychic.
INSTINCT 588914 31914 – a set of innate com-
component of behavior and psyche of animals and humans.
SELF-PRESERVATION INSTINCT 498175 61491 – congenital
given motivations and forms of behavior aimed at achieving
adaptation to living conditions and survival. In psychoanalysis
elementary instincts of self-preservation include hunger and
thirst.
SEXUAL INSTINCT - 54 8 711 9 1 8 211.
INTEGRATION 491619 881 89 – as an intra-group pro-
process – the creation of internal unity, cohesion, which is expressed
is sought in identifying the collective, cohesiveness of the group as
its value-orientation unity, objectivity in the imposition
taking responsibility for successes and failures in the activity
joint activity.
GROUP INTEGRATION 918517 918 48 –
1. The state of the group, characteristic:
a) orderliness of intra-group structures;
b) the consistency of the main components of the group activity system;
c) the stability of subordination relationships between them;
d) stability and continuity of their functioning;
d) other signs indicating the psychological unity and integrity of the social community.
2. A hierarchically organized set of intra-group processes that ensure the achievement of the above-mentioned
state. It manifests itself in a relatively continuous and autonomous
the existence of the group, which implies the presence of a process
owls that prevent the violation of psychological safety
groups. The absence of integrative properties inevitably leads to
the disintegration of any community.
INTELLIGENCE 419886 7198 – this concept is defined by
quite diverse, but in general terms they mean individuals
nal features related to the cognitive sphere, primarily
in total – to thinking, memory, perception, attention, etc.
a certain level of development of mental activity is implied
personality, providing the opportunity to acquire
all new knowledge and effectively use it in the course of life
yatitelnosti, - the ability to carry out the process of cognition and
to effective problem solving, in particular in mastering
a new circle of life's tasks.
INTELLIGENCE: STRUCTURE 459618 71949 – structure of in-
intelligence is described by factor-analytical theory, in which
There are two types of intelligence: 1) fluid - which
depends significantly on heredity and is involved in the task
where adaptation to new situations is required; 2) cry-
crystallized - reflecting the past
experience.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 498716 319 808 –
1. Conventional designation of cybernetic systems and their logical-
mathematical software designed to solve non-
which tasks usually require the use of abilities
intelligent person.
2. A set of functional
capabilities of an electronic computer – a computer
ra - to solve problems that previously required the mandatory participation of a person
love.
PRACTICAL INTELLIGENCE 498016 719 78 (intelligence
sensorimotor) – A concept used to designate the stage of development of the in-
intelligence in the period from birth to 2 years, preceding the period
a period of intensive speech acquisition, during which it is achieved
coordination of perception and movement. At this stage, the child
interacts with objects, their perceptual and motor
signals, but not with signs, symbols and diagrams, representing
tying the object.
INTELLECTUALIZATION 598716 3194 – mechanism for
protective, the action of which is manifested in a specific way
without analyzing the problems facing the individual, typical
excessive exaggeration of the role of the rational component in
complete disregard for emotional, affective, sensory
components of the analysis.
INTELLIGENCE 599617319 8 – a set of personal
the individual's personal qualities that meet social expectations,
imposed by society primarily on persons employed
mental work and artistic creativity, in a broader sense
in the fatal aspect - to people considered to be the bearers of culture.
INTENSITY 598614319 819 – 1. Qualitative charac-
teristics expressing a high measure, degree of strength, tension
intensity, saturation of a certain manifestation or process. 2. Qualit-
a quantitative or quantitative characteristic of the measure of force, stress,
femininity, productivity of a certain process or phenomenon.
INTENSITY: MOVEMENT 498619 718 519 –
one of the mental processes of sleep. During sleep activity
there is a shift in mental intensity, consisting of
in that some important ideas and thoughts are lost
of dominant importance, while others come to the fore,
apparently not deserving of it. The movement of intensive-
This could be called a revaluation of mental values.
INTENTION 599 061 898719 (intentionality) – striving-
laziness, the focus of consciousness and thinking on a certain object.
PARADOXICAL INTENTION 489648 719 31 – psycho-
therapeutic technique. It consists of the client, tormented
fear of expectation, receives instructions from the logotherapist: in
critical situation or immediately before its occurrence
to want to at least for a few minutes (in case of phobias), or
to carry out on his own (in cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder) what he
is afraid.
INTERACTIONISM 59488 44 71931 – direction in co-
temporary Western social psychology. Under the social
interaction in interactionism is understood as direct
interpersonal communication ("exchange of symbols"), important
the most important feature of which is recognized as the ability of a person
"to take the role of another", to imagine how he is perceived
communication partner or group (the "generalized other"), and
interpret the situation and construct accordingly
own actions.
INTERACTION 489 067 319 80078 – interaction, influence
attacking each other.
INTERVIEW 488617 389016 – in psychology – a way to obtain
of social and psychological information using oral
survey.
DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW 489061 71931 – method
obtaining information about personality traits used in
early stages of psychotherapy. It serves as a special means of establishing
of close personal contact with the interlocutor. In many situations,
in clinical work is proving to be an important way of
penetrating into the client’s inner world and understanding his difficulties
neniy.
INTERVIEW CLINICAL 519488 061714 089 - method
therapeutic conversation in providing psychological assistance.
INTERIORIZATION 548 316 719 888 – the process of formation
of the internal structures of the psyche, caused by the assimilation
structures and symbols of external social activity.
INTEROCEPTOR 498617 319881 (interoreceptor) – sensory
actual nerve endings are receptors that perceive
some mechanical, chemical and other shifts in the internal
environment of the body. They are located in muscles, tendons, vessels,
internal organs, etc.
INTEROCEPTION 519 814 319 889 (interoreception) – feeling
the activity of internal organs.
INTERPSYCHOLOGICAL 591698 718 4 – interpersonal
nost, occurring in the psyche of several subjects,
interaction of psychics.
INTERFERENCE 498617 889 511 – 1. Mutual suppression
simultaneously running processes (primarily related to
(related to the cognitive sphere), due to the limited
volume of distributed attention. 2. Deterioration of the preservation
memorized material as a result of exposure (imposition)
other material with which the subject operates.
SKILL INTERFERENCE 918488 712 81 – transfer
already developed private skills to the newly formed action
action based on their partial, purely external similarity,
leading to difficulties in learning a new skill.
INTERFERENCE PROACTIVE 549 316889 019 – is
mnemonic activity, consisting in the deterioration of the preservation
of the material being memorized under the influence of pre-
of the studied (interfering) material. Increases with
increasing the degree of memorization of interfering material and
increasing its volume, as well as as the degree increases
similarities between the material being learned and the interfering material.
INTERFERENCE RETROACTIVE 898 764819 –
impairment of retention of learned material caused by memorization
by means of manipulation or operation with subsequent (interfering)
material. Its relative value decreases as
achieving a sustainable criterion for assimilation of the initial material
material. Retroactive interference increases with increasing
identifying the similarities between learned and interfering material and
reaches its maximum when they coincide.
SELECTIVE INTERFERENCE 488761 8 – phenomenon
mnemonic activity (memory), expressed in delay
answer to a question as a result of involuntary influence on it
meaning of the word. It clearly appears when solving the problem of naming
the color of the letters of a word, especially if the word itself is
color name.
INTRAPUNITIVITY 916 071918 4 – tendency to
constantly blame yourself for all failures.
INTROVERSION 498601 718 14 – Turning consciousness towards
to himself, preoccupation with his own problems and
experiences, accompanied by a weakening of attention to the surrounding
why. One of the basic personality traits. The opposite of
concept - extroversion.
INTROVERSION 4986 01 718 14 (and extroversion) – character-
ristics of individual psychological differences of a person,
the extreme poles of which correspond to the predominant
the orientation of the personality either towards the world of external objects, or
on the phenomena of one's own subjective world.
INTROJECTION 4984 71 614 8908 – full inclusion of indi-
a view into his inner world – the psyche – of what he perceives
images, views, motives and attitudes of other people when he
no longer distinguishes between proper and improper ideas.
Introjection is one of the foundations of identification, a mental mechanism
nism, which plays a significant role in the formation of the Super-Ego.
INTROSPECTION 891 698061 718 – method of self-observation,
psychological analysis, the study of the psyche and its processes
themes of subjective observation of one's own activities
psyche (self-observation; monospection). Consists of observation
own mental processes, without the use of instruments
cops or standards.
ANALYTICAL INTROSPECTION 898716 319 68 –
introspective method. Characterized by a desire for complete
the dismemberment of the sensory image into its constituent elements, not
induced to the parameters of the stimulus.
SYSTEMATIC INTROSPECTION 519481 918917
- the introspective method. Characterized by an orientation toward tracking
ment of the main stages of the thinking process on the basis of retrospective
tive report.
EXPERIMENTAL INTROSPECTION 914 891 618 378
- "experimental self-observation", in which the subject
I carefully observe the dynamics of the emotions I experience.
standing at each stage of the instruction execution.
INTUITION 489611 094 892 – finding, often practically
instant, solving a problem when logical resources are insufficient
grounds; knowledge that arises without awareness of the ways and conditions
its receipt - as a result of “direct discretion”.
It is also interpreted as a specific ability (for example, intuition)
(artistic or scientific), and as a holistic grasp
conditions of the problematic situation (sensory and intellectual intuition)
lectual), and as a mechanism of creative activity (intuition
creative) (creativity; imagination).
INFANTILISM 489618 719 31 – 1. Preservation in the psyche
and the behavior of an adult person of properties, traits, qualities and features
peculiarities inherent in childhood. 2. Form of delay in
passing through the stages of ontogenetic development, in which
both physical and mental functions turn out to be underdeveloped
skii. At the same time, the possibility of full compensation remains
development of the mental in the future.
INFANTILISM PERSONAL 596 489 – preservation in
the psyche and behavior of an adult, the characteristics inherent in children
age. An individual who is characterized by infantilism is an in-
phantile - with normal or even accelerated physical and
mental development is characterized by emotional immaturity
volitional sphere, which is expressed in the lack of independence of decisions
and actions, a feeling of insecurity, in low criticality
towards oneself, increased demands for care
others about themselves, in various compensatory reactions (fan-
tasing, replacing real actions, egocentrism and
etc.).
INFORMANT 591648 718 – subject included in the experiment
ment and informing the experimenter (directly or
indirectly - in writing) about the peculiarities of their interaction
actions with the object.
COMPUTER SCIENCE 8918 914 319 – 1. The science that studies pro-
processes of transmission and processing of information. 2. The set of
branches of the national economy engaged in collection processes,
transformation and consumption of information. 3. The sphere of human
activity. 4. The science that studies the processes of information processing.
formations using computers.
INFORMATION 419 317 819 209 – 1. Some information about
the surrounding world and the processes taking place in it – a storage object,
processing and transmission - perceived by a person or spec-
social devices. 2. Messages about the state of affairs, about so-
standing of something.
INFORMATION: PROCESSING PARALLEL
498 714 318 218 9 – (parallel information processing) mo-
the concept of information processing in the brain, according to which
information goes through a series of transformations in certain
"functional blocks" of the brain - so that at every moment
time, its processing is carried out simultaneously (in parallel) in
how many "blocks". Used in cognitive psychology.
INFORMATION: PROCESSING IS SEQUENTIAL
429 614 899 717 (sequential information processing) – mo-
the concept of information processing in the brain, according to which
information undergoes a series of transformations in a certain order
“functional blocks” of the brain – so that at every moment
time, its processing is carried out only in one “block”.
is used in cognitive psychology.
INCEST 348 617 (incestuality, incestuousness) – sex-
sexual relations (coitus) with blood relatives, blood relatives
amusement. An innate erotic attraction directed at
parents (Oedipus complex), is one of the components of neurosis, and also
the same widespread form of sexual relations in the first
everyday society.
HYPOCHONDRIA 428 761 319 88 – a painful condition or
a disease characterized by excessive attention to one's health
blood, fear of incurable diseases (for example, can-
cerophobia, cardiophobia, etc.), a tendency to exaggerate pain
painful phenomena and to attribute to oneself non-existent serious
ailments.
IRRADIATION 498 078 319 488 9 – the ability of the nervous
process to spread from its place of origin to
other neural elements.
DISTORTION APPERCEPTIVE 498 317918481 –
any individual deviations from the standard interpretation
stimulus.
STAGE ARTS 498 817 019 – one of the ways
methods of human cognition. Reproducing the actions of the stage
character in the circumstances suggested by the author of the play, act-
ter experiences two types of emotions: 1) associated with success
their professional activities; 2) similar to emotions
the person he depicts.
FEAR 498317 918 – a state in a sudden situation,
unexpected danger.
SUBJECT 519317418 91 – the subject being tested
psychological experiments are conducted; a participant in the study of psycho-
logical.
RESEARCH 529 311 488 07 –
1. Conducting scientific
study.
2. Inspection to clarify or study something.
3. Scientific work.
RESEARCH: TOPIC 318499614 – an aspect of a certain pro-
problems or a separate issue that is specifically studied in
this study.
LONGITUDINAL STUDY 419811 918 (research
(longitudinal) - a long-term and systematic study
the same subjects, allowing us to determine the range
the range of age and individual variability of life phases
human cycle; the study of certain individual features
characteristics of the same children over several years, in
which can use observation and experimental methods
and testing.
PATHOGRAPHIC STUDY 418917 2188 4 –
a cycle of psychoanalytic studies.
RESEARCH PILOTING 481 912 – trial
an exploratory type of research that is conducted before the main
and is its simplified form. In psychology, social-
pilot study (working term – sounding) application
is used to establish the required sample size, clarify
the content and number of questions in the questionnaire, the time of the survey, etc.
In testing, pilot research (the working term is pre-
test) serves as a means of identifying some of the basic standards
test.
FIELD RESEARCH 319 917 81944 – type of research
of social phenomena or the behavior of animal communities
by studying them under normal, natural conditions.
PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC STUDY 488
718 918 41 – usually it is used to test hypotheses about the dependence
the relationships between different psychological characteristics
mi. Psychodiagnostic research includes: 1) development
development of requirements for measuring instruments; 2) design
development and testing of methods; 3) development of survey rules
4) processing and interpretation of results.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 312 418 912 8 –
involves the following stages: 1) formulation of the problem; 2) selection
hypothesis movement; 3) hypothesis testing – obtaining data
empirical and their processing; 4) interpretation of the results of the pro-
verification – comparison of the obtained results with the initial hypothesis
zoy, conclusions about the reliability of the hypothesis and further correlation
it with the theory within which the hypothesis was formed;
necessity - revision of certain provisions, which
gives rise to new problems, new hypotheses, etc.
FACTORIAL RESEARCH 918 117 4889018 (research
correlational research) – studies of personality traits. The essence of their
- in that, through factor analysis on a large number of
The personality traits of the subjects are determined
on average, they strongly correlate with each other, and some – weakly.
highly correlated traits are those that are most often combined in one
about a person.
EMPIRICAL RESEARCH 489361 819 48 – is-
following based on obtaining, analyzing and generalizing
experimental (empirical) data.
HYSTERIA 5154891 – one of the types of neuroses – pathocharacteristic-
a genetic disorder associated with an excessive tendency to
suggestion and self-suggestion, as well as the weakness of the conscious
control over behavior. Characterized by a variety of violations
yami psyche, motor sphere, sensitivity. Manifests-
with a peculiar hysterical character, fits,
disturbances of consciousness and functions of internal organs.
HYSTERIA OF FEAR 891488 916 71 – the most frequent and first
psychoneurotic disease of children - "neurosis of childhood" -
always developing predominantly in phobia. Mental
its mechanism corresponds to the mechanisms of phobias, with one exception
moment: in hysteria of fear, the libido, released from the pathogen-
material by displacement, is not converted - not transferred
goes from the sphere of the psyche to the bodily innervation, but remains
free in the form of fear. Fear hysteria can combine-
with conversion hysteria.
HISTORIOGRAPHY 498714 318 7 – 1. The science that studies
development of historical knowledge, sometimes synonymous with history as
science. 2. History of the study of a certain problem.
_Y_
YOGA 488 712 89901 – ancient Indian religious
a philosophical system of personal improvement associated with
a system of psychophysical training aimed at changing
mental development due to extremely high levels of concentration
attention.
_TO_
CANDAULISM 489016681 9 (candaulism) is a type of sexually transmitted disease
perversion in which a man receives sexual pleasure
when showing others a naked partner or her photo
tographies.
CANCEROPHOBIA 209 488 6190 – a type of neurosis, characteristic
pathological fear of cancer.
CAPRICE 523 488719 – a small whim, a fad – without action
real need, necessity, requirement.
CHILDREN'S WHIMP 317988 9178 (children's whims) - aspiration
children - especially preschool and junior ages
school - to do something contrary to the instructions of adults.
accompanied by crying or screaming. Favorable conditions
The causes for the appearance of whims are overwork, weakness
nervous system, increased emotional excitability.
COGNITIVE MAP 488916 3194 – subjective map
a type that has primarily spatial coordinates, in
in which individual perceived objects are localized;
images of situations of familiar spatial environment. Co-
are given and changed in the course of active interaction of the subject
in peace.
PICTURE OF THE DISEASE INTERNAL 318914 888 01 (internal
early picture of the disease) - a holistic picture that arises in the patient
image of your illness.
ETHNIC WORLD VIEW 521485 618 – a single orienta-
orientation is cognitive, in fact – non-verbalized, implied
a citable expression of the understanding of the members of each society, including
including ethnic community, “rules of life” dictated by the social
nal, natural and "supernatural" forces. Pre-
is a set of basic assumptions and hypotheses,
usually not recognized or discussed, but guiding and
structuring the behavior of representatives of a given community
almost like grammatical rules, unconscious
most people, structure and direct their behavior.
linguistic.
CATALEPSY 319 781 3194 – a dream-like state, characterized by
characterized by a decrease in sensitivity to external and internal
to them, “wax flexibility” – involuntary preservation
of any position without visible effort. May occur in hypnosis.
nocturnal sleep, as well as in some mental illnesses
(schizophrenia, hysteria, etc.).
CATHARSIS 488916 319 (catharsis) – originally – emotional-
internal shock, a state of internal purification caused by
the viewer of an ancient tragedy as a result of experiencing
the fate of the hero, which usually ended in death. Strong
emotional shock caused by unreal events
life, but their symbolic representation - for example, in the production
conducting art.
CATHERTIC 4890 19218 - causing discharge
pathogenic affects through catharsis from memory and
re-experiencing past events.
CATEGORIALITY 319681 0198 – property of perception
tia, existing at the level of consciousness and characterizing the personality
the level of perception is the ability to distinguish in the first
the receptive space of certain areas that have more
or less defined and stable boundaries. At the same time, clarity
these boundaries are closely related to the perceptual tasks that are solved
our individual.
CATEGORIZATION 318916489 – mental process of relation-
the connection of a single object, event, experience to a certain
class, - as verbal and non-verbal meanings, symbols,
sensory and perceptual standards, social stereotypes,
behavioral stereotypes, etc. Directly involved in the process
forces of perception, thinking, imagination, the object of which is
is accepted and thought of not as a singularity, immediate
a given, but as a representative of a generalized class, and on
the object is transferred the features of this class of phenomena.
CATHEXIS 219488 0184 – “energy charge”, a peculiar
different quantum of psychosexual energy.
CAUSOMETRY 428911 3197 – method of studying the subject
tive picture of the path of life and psychological time
personality. Refers to biographical methods; aimed at
description of not only the past, but also the expected future
stages of the path of life.
SPEECH KINESTHESIA 519488 914 31 – afferent
impulses coming from the peripheral speech organs to the cerebral cortex
head. They arise not only during external speech activity-
sti, but also when performing mental actions, when it can
there is an increase in the tone of the speech muscles and the appearance of
reduction of motor impulses due to hidden pronunciation
words.
CLAUSTROPHOBIA 489317918 999 – a type of neurosis, characteristic
suffering from a pathological fear of closed spaces and
ny.
BIPOLAR CELL 818 217 318 514 – nerve cells,
responsible for transmitting signals from cones and rods to
retinal ganglion cells.
GANGLIOUS CELL 528 471 918 319 – nerve cells
retinas that receive nerve signals from cones and rods.
check through bipolar cells and transmitting them to the brain
along the optic nerve, formed by their axons.
GLIAL CELL 498 378 019 481 – auxiliary
cells of the nervous tissue. Apparently, they provide nutrition
nerve cells; according to some authors, also involved
in the formation of long-term memory.
CLIENT 398617 891319 – a person who sought psycho-
logical assistance. This term is preferable to the term
"patient", emphasizing the state of illness.
CLIMATE 3918998980171 – long-term statistical re-
weather conditions characteristic of a certain area due to its geography
physical position. In psychology, the term is used in a broader sense.
literally - metaphorically.
SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL CLIMATE
390619 001798 (moral and psychological climate; climate
psychological; psychological atmosphere) – qualitative
the side of interpersonal relations, manifested in the form of joint
a set of psychological conditions that promote or pre-
hindering productive activity of joint and comprehensive
early development of personality in the group.
CLICHE 489617 318914 811 (behavioral cliche) – superficial
stereotypical ways of behavior, stereotypical ways of interaction
actions.
COGNITIVISM 489061 918715 – direction in psychology
(cognitivist approach; psychology: cognitive approach,
cognitive psychology, cognitive psychotherapy). Claims
that individuals are not simply machines that react mechanically.
ing on internal factors or external events; to the human mind
centuries, there is more available than the information coming in
from the outside. The cognitive approach is mainly aimed at
to understand how a person deciphers information
about reality and organizes it in order to make decisions.
or solve pressing problems.
"INVISIBLE COLLEGE" 319 041899 017 - association
scientists working in various institutions and communicating
among themselves through the use of personal contacts - oral and
written.
COLLECTIVE 328677 918421 – a group of united communities
goals and objectives of people, achieved in the process of activity
joint high level of development.
COLLECTIVE: UNITY OF SUBJECT-VALUES
NOE 598 716 388901 – Normative integration of individual
activities in a group, when each activity, being
functionally specific to the object or methods of its transformation
formation, and occupying hierarchically different places in the system
intra-group activity, mediated by a single value
the content of the subject of joint activity. Such unity
– the most important component of the integration of a social group as
the aggregate subject of activity.
SCIENTIFIC TEAM: RESEARCH PROGRAM
TELSKAYA 378966 819716 918 – (research program
scientific team) the basis and method of organizing individual-
dual and collective scientific activity, one of the key
of the concepts of psychology of the social scientific collective.
is born in a problematic situation, conditioned by the logic of the
developments in knowledge, scientific and social context and unique
the life path of a scientist. Contains categorical, theoretical
logical, operational, value-normative foundations
scientific activity, ideas about the projected result
those and strategies for achieving it, etc.
COLLECTIVISM 589061 918 712 – as a personality trait
– expresses the level of social development of a person, manifests
we are personally responsible for social progress, for
a team, in constant action for the benefit of society. Collect-
tivism is a principle of organizing relationships and activities
joint people, manifested in conscious submission to the individual
interests to public interests, in a comradely manner
cooperation, readiness for interaction and mutual assistance,
in mutual understanding, goodwill and tact, inte-
responsibly to each other's problems and needs.
COLLECTIVE FORMATION 588901 708961 8 – stage
group formation, meaning the transition of a group in the course of joint-
socially valuable activities from low to high
level of development, and ultimately to the team.
COMA 498716388917 – disturbance of consciousness,
characterized by a lack of response to external influences,
including painful stimuli. In this case, the pupils are dilated, re-
the action on light is not fixed. Often there are pathological
reflexes.
COMMUNICATION 491689 318712 – 1. A concept close to
the concept of communication, but expanded. This is a connection in which
there is an exchange of information between systems in living and non-
living nature.
MASS COMMUNICATION 518 555 948 71 – system
mathematical distribution, using technical means
replication of specially prepared messages, pre-
of social significance, among the numerically large,
anonymous, dispersed audiences to influence
on people's attitudes, assessments, opinions and behavior. An important social
ational and political institution of modern society, performing
singing as a subsystem of a more complex communication system,
on a large scale performing the functions of ideological and
political influence, maintaining social community, or-
organization, information, education and entertainment. Com-
mass communication is characterized by an institutional character
sources and the delayed feedback between sources
and audiences.
COMPENSATION 528916 388 917 – body reaction and
psyche, counteracting traumatic excitations
by removing active energy from all mental systems and
building of the corresponding energy filling around
injured elements.
COMPENSATION FUNCTIONAL 488716 318914
(compensation of functions) – restoration of integral activity
sity, disrupted after the loss of certain elements from its structure
functions. Occurs either on the basis of preserved functions, or
due to the restructuring of partially impaired functions.
SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPETENCE
589 411 399 01 – the ability of an individual to effectively interact
interact with people around you in a system of interpersonal relationships
ness. It is formed in the course of an individual’s mastery of social systems.
and inclusion in joint activities.
COMPLEX 498764 388 91 –
1. Totality, combination
objects, actions, phenomena or properties that constitute a single entity
whole.
2. The unification of individual mental processes into a whole,
distinct from the sum of its elements.
3. A specific interpretation of the complex is given in psychoanalysis, where it is understood as a group of mental processes united by a single affect, formed on the basis of deep phylogenetic structures.
CASTRATION COMPLEX 489068719317 (com-
castration plexus) is a peculiar childhood reaction to the attributed
sexual intimidation or early infantile repression given to the father
sexual activity. Also - fear for the penis
boy, envy because of the girl's penis.
COURAGE COMPLEX 918617 399 814 –
a group of ideas formed mainly from feeling
envy, worthlessness and the girl's hope to ever find
be a penis and so become equal to a man. This sometimes represents
great difficulties in the development of femininity. If overcoming
complex fails, a “process” begins in spiritual life
denial": the girl refuses to acknowledge the fact of her "castra-
tions" and is firmly convinced that she has a penis and therefore is forced to
Dena behaves like a man.
INFERIORITY COMPLEX 498064 317 (com-
plex of insignificance) - leading to neurotic deviations
a psychopathological syndrome which consists of persistent
a person's confidence in his own inferiority as a person
nost.
REVIVAL COMPLEX 489064 319 – the concept means
various positive emotional-motor reactions
the baby's reactions to the appearance of an adult, especially to the mother's voice,
her face, touch, or on beautiful toys, pleasant
sounds, etc. Expressed in freezing and visual concentration
on the object of perception, a smile, sounds emitted, movement
in full revival.
POLYCRATIC COMPLEX 491068 7143 – a concept introduced
within the framework of classical psychoanalysis to explain the state
a person characterized by a feeling of anxiety that increases
as he reaches ever greater heights in life, and
conditioned by the reluctance to be noticed by "envious
"gods" and lose all the benefits achieved.
OEDIPUS COMPLEX 488661 010 89 (Oedipus complex,
Oedipus complex) is a concept introduced within the framework of psychoanalysis.
Liza classical, - immanent unconscious erotic
attraction of a child to a parent of the opposite sex and related
an aggressive feeling towards a parent of the same sex that he had with him. It arose
a complex of ideas and feelings that develops in early childhood,
property unconscious, consisting in sexual attraction
the boy's attraction to the parent of the opposite sex and the desire
to physically eliminate a parent of the same sex.
COMPLEX ELECTRICITY 914 668 504 31 – the concept of psycho-
analysis of the classic. Unconscious erotic attraction
girls to their father and the associated negative attitudes towards their mother
ri.
COMPREHENSIVE 518477 39841 – representing
a complex of something; covering a group of objects, phenomena,
processes, etc.
COMPROMISE 5948981 819 47 – protective mechanism,
providing only partial realization of painful im-
pulses.
CONVERGENCE 319489481317 – convergence of the axes of the viewer-
of both eyes on some object or one point in space
visual state.
CONVERSION 489716319 888 – Formation of a new meaning
words: 1) either when it transitions to a new paradigm of word change-
: for example, “oven” is a noun, “bake” is a verb; 2) line-
because when it is used in a context other than the traditional one,
go. It is the reason for the emergence of semantic barriers in general
ni.
HYSTERICAL CONVERSION 489715128 – somatic
resolution of unconscious conflict; a process in which
the affect that developed under pathogenic conditions was closed
a normal way out, why do these “pinched affects” find
abnormal expression (application), or remain as is-
sources of constant excitement, burdening mental life.
SPECIFICATION 48916171891 – filling of the generalized-
go, a schematized image of a cognitive object
that or situations with particular, specific features, for
due to which it becomes possible to advance in the solution of the con-
specific tasks.
COMPETITION 558477 018 917 is one of the main forms
organization of interpersonal interaction, characteristic do-
achieving individual or group goals and interests in
in conditions of confrontation with those seeking the same goals and interests
resources by other individuals or groups. Usually differs
strong personal involvement, activation of the subject
actions, partial depersonalization of ideas about “pro-
"tivnik".
CONSTANTITY 51438891817 (constancy of perception-
tia) is a pattern of perception in which one can see
connection with the characteristics of the stimulus and psychophysiological
regularities. Relative stability, independence
perceived characteristics of objects when conditions change
perception. Allows to keep the properties of the object unchanged.
it doesn't matter from what distance, at what angle and
under what lighting they are perceived.
CONSTITUTION 514 81291876 (constitution of the body) –
combines several groups of properties - morphological, biochemical-
matic, physiological, which in aggregate, but at
the leading influence of the properties of the nervous system, form the basis and
mechanism of temperament.
SEXUAL CONSTITUTION 518876 3184 – type of sex-
the individual's organization, in the formation of which significant
a significant role belongs to the innate components of sexuality
ality. Diverse phenomena of normal and abnormal
behavior is largely determined by the type of constitution of the sex
vital.
PERSONALITY CONSTRUCTION 514889 316718891 – created
the classification and evaluation standard adopted by the subject,
by means of which the understanding of objects in their similarity is realized
in relation to each other and in contrast to others.
CONSTRUCTIVISM 5194886191 – cognitive development –
it is the result of a gradual process consisting of a sequence of
stages. Trying to understand reality, the child
constantly faces new problems that destroy the already existing ones
established ideas. This advancement is determined
the combined effect of the maturation of the nervous system, experience
handling of various objects and factors such as language
and upbringing. It is hereditary and therefore inherent in everyone only
functioning of intelligence.
CONSULTATION 584716319814 –
1. Advice, explanation from a specialist on a certain issue.
2. One of the types of educational activities is a conversation between a teacher and students to expand and deepen their knowledge.
3. A meeting of experts on a certain issue.
4. Institution providing assistance to the population
advice from experts on some practical issues
or providing medical or health care
power.
PROFESSIONAL CONSULTATION 5847163 59481
– a strategy of psychological assistance to an individual in choosing a pro-
profession and planning a professional career.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSULTING
7163489 488 101 – form of providing practical psychological
assistance in the form of advice and recommendations - based on preliminary
a thorough study of the problems that concern clients, as well as a study of
studying the clients themselves and their relationships with others
people.
CONTACT – PSYCHOLOGY 588 712989614 – method of psycho-
therapy based on the theory of mind, in which all
interpersonal relations were derived from the relations of men
and women. In this method, the therapeutic effect is directed
was aimed primarily at realizing the client’s ability to love
vi, often inhibited due to inadequacy and superficiality
contacts.
CONTAMINATION 489016 719 31 – 1. False reproduction
presentation of information, characterized by its unification in an image or
understanding of parts belonging to different objects. 2. Erroneous
the reproduction of words, consisting of the combination of syllables, related
to different words, into one word; for example, instead of words
"belok" and "scroll" are pronounced "beltok". Similar permutations
innovations can occur not only within words, but also during reproduction
maintaining word lists, where words from one list are played
are in another. Contamination is facilitated by semantic and phonetic
tical proximity of words. The basis of contamination is the phenomenon
interference of projective retroactive. In pathology
Contamination is observed in various memory disorders.
CONTEXT 489061 918 41 – possessing a semantic completion
perfect oral or written speech that allows one to find out
the meaning and significance of the individual fragments that make up it –
words, expressions or passages of text.
CONTENT - ANALYSIS 319488918 71 - in psychology - method
identification and evaluation of specific characteristics of texts and other
other information carriers, in which, according to the purposes of the research,
certain semantic units are distinguished in the sequence
holding and forms of information: psychological characteristics
characters of mass communication messages, types of inter-
interactions of people, genres of messages, etc. Then it is produced
systematic measurement of the frequency and volume of mentions of these unique
on the contrary, in a certain set of texts or other media
information. Content analysis allows us to identify individual
psychological characteristics of the communicator, audience,
communication and their interrelationships.
COUNTER-TRANSFER 489016 014 (countertransfer) – not special
a known transference of the emotional attitude to the client’s personality
the attitude of a psychotherapist or psychoanalyst towards significant loves for him
dyam.
CONTRAST 489 618 – a sharply expressed opposite
ness.
VISUAL CONTRAST 48741 31948 – visual
an assessment of the relative brightness or illumination of an object,
image or its color compared to the background.
CONTRAST BRIGHTNESS 491 214 718 212 – ratio
brightness of visual stimuli in one field of perception during re-
solution of the discrimination task. The minimum contrast value
brightness for simultaneously perceived objects 1 – 2%,
for consistently perceived ones – not less than 4%. When deciding-
research of practical problems related to recognition of stimuli,
The contrast range should be from 65 to 85%.
CONTROL 514 318 718 48 – one of the relatively perfect
mechanisms of regulation of cognitive processes.
SOCIAL CONTROL 319 719 841 21145 – system
ways of influencing the individual by society and social groups
to regulate its behavior and bring it into line with
generally accepted norms in this community. Serves to solve
dual task - achieving and maintaining stability
social system, an element of which is controlled
individual, and ensuring the positive development of this system-
We.
COGNITIVE CONTOUR 518914319 812 – subjective
completion of a complete figure composed of separate fragments
cops.
CONFABULATION 498716319718 – false memories,
observed in memory disorders.
BITTER CANDY 919 217819314 – code name
one of the psychological and pedagogical experiments for children
preschool senior and school junior age.
CONFLICT 518716 319414 - collision opposite
directed goals, interests, positions, opinions or views
opponents or subjects of interaction.
CONFLICT: TYPOLOGY 5889617889061 – As
two main motivations for activity are considered:
leniye: to achieve a favorable goal <Appetenz – attraction> and
avoid an unfavorable situation <Aversion – disgust>.
INTRAPERSONAL CONFLICT 519 588961 499 1
(intrapsychic conflict) – as a rule – the result of am-
bivalent aspirations of the subject. In psychoanalysis, the original
a constant and permanent form of collision of opposing principles
principles, drives, ambivalent aspirations and other things, in which
which expresses the contradictory nature of human nature. Con-
conflict can act, for example, as a form of interaction
contradictory impulses of the unconscious and conscious –
It and the Super-I.
INTERGROUP CONFLICT 588961 531 8 – in it in
the subjects are groups pursuing goals,
incompatible with the goals of the opposing group.
INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT 9 588961 481 – noun
there are two forms of it - constructive and non-constructive. Non-
constructive interpersonal conflict occurs when one
of the opponents resorts to morally reprehensible methods
struggle, seeks to psychologically suppress the partner, discriminate-
taunting and humiliating him in the eyes of others. Constructive con-
interpersonal conflict occurs only when opponents do not come out
beyond the scope of business arguments and relationships. At the same time, they can
various behavioral strategies can be observed.
NEUROTIC CONFLICT 898 01731844 – anti-
speech between a person and the parties of the action that are significant to him/her
reality, unproductively and irrationally resolved,
which is accompanied by the emergence of painful and distressing experiences
feelings of failure, unmet needs, unattainability
life goals, irreparable loss, etc. Violation
significant life relationships of a person, activated in
psychotraumatic situations.
ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT 588 418716 49 –
clash of opposing organizational forces
positions of individuals or groups regardless of each other's goals.
Usually occurs in a situation where you need to change your prin-
usual type of activity (innovation), move to new organiza-
national structures, conversion, etc.
PATHOGENIC CONFLICT 86 8961 419716 – disease
a creative form of mental conflict, formed as a result
clashes between the drives of the ego and sexual drives –
between the self and sexuality.
CONFLICT PRODUCTIVE 519 318 961 (conflict
constructive) - a conflict that has a positive effect on the structure,
the dynamics and effectiveness of social and psychological pro-
processes that serve as a source of self-improvement and self-
personal development.
MENTAL CONFLICT 519 688 8961318 – permanent
element of mental life, characterized by continuous
a clash of drives, desires, mental systems and spheres
personality. When combining externally - forced refusals from
satisfaction of libido, the mental conflict becomes con-
pathogenic conflict.
ETHNIC CONFLICT 588961919 61 – form of con-
intergroup conflict, when groups with conflicting interests
The republics are polarized along ethnic lines. Their source
are usually non-ethnic socio-political and
economic contradictions.
CONFLICT I | SUPER - I 491614 81 588961 (conflict I
and the I - ideal; the conflict of the I and the Super-I) is a form of reflection of the opposite
the ambiguities of the real and the mental, the external and internal worlds
go.
CONFORMITY 498617 91874 – human compliance
real or imagined group pressure; manifested in
changing his behavior and attitudes in accordance with the original
initially not shared by the majority position.
CONFORMITY EXTERNAL 4 617 918897 481 (con-
public formality) - demonstrative submission to the imposed
the opinion of a group in order to gain approval or avoid
expect censure and possibly even harsher sanctions from
we have groups.
INTERNAL CONFORMITY 179174 890101 (con-
personal form) – the actual transformation of the individual
ment attitudes as a result of internal acceptance of a position
surrounding, assessed as more reasonable and objective-
than one's own point of view.
CONCENTRATION 519688 01971 – ability of processes
nervous to limit the scope of its distribution to the original
source of origin; a phenomenon opposite to irradiation.
CONCEPT 901 67180161 – the content of some concept.
CONCEPT FIGURE 428917 0618901 – class of scientific
representations – schematized abstractions, such as geometric
ical figures, graphs of physical processes and dependencies,
structural forms of chemical substances and other representations
general, materialized in the image. The title is underlined-
reveals their figurative and conceptual nature.
CONCEPT 90167 89 0619 – 1. A system of views, a certain
understanding of phenomena, processes, etc. 2. Single, defining
the idea, the leading thought of a certain work, scientific work and
etc.
DETAILED DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS CONCEPT 90167819481
- ideas developed in cognitive psychology, - about
that stimulus recognition is achieved through the allocation of
its inherent simple features (lines, angles, curvature),
on the basis of which a holistic perception of the stimulus is constructed.
THE CONCEPT OF EXPRESSIVE MOVEMENTS
901 8954918048 – the assumption that human movements
expressive are rudiments of instinctive actions
living beings associated with fighting, attacking, defending
offspring, etc.
DISPOSITIONAL CONCEPT 109817 61941899 –
a concept that characterizes the social behavior of an individual in
depending on the state of its readiness for a certain method
actions. Links the individual's readiness to behave in a given
social situation with the social conditions of the preceding
existing activities in which a sustainable
predisposition to the realization of certain needs
subject under appropriate conditions.
THE CONCEPT OF ACTIVITY-BASED MEDIATION
GO 498761 201891 (the concept of activity mediation
interpersonal relations) - special social - psychological
a logical concept that considers interpersonal relationships
are found in any sufficiently developed group as indirect
content and values of the activity.
THE CONCEPT OF PERSONAL RELATIONS 901 678
519801 – a set of theoretical ideas, according to
which the psychological core of personality is individual –
an integral system of its subjective-evaluative, conscious-
selective attitudes towards reality, which is
internalized experience of relationships with other people in
conditions of the social environment.
THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL IDEAS
671 901 8984701 is one of the “middle rank” theories aimed at
to identify trends in the functioning of everyday life structures
consciousness in modern society. The main idea of the concept
representations of social is contained in the following statement.
science: the mental structures of society are called upon to strengthen the psycho-
logical stability of a social subject (group or in-
divida) and orient his behavior in changing situations.
The subject of study is considered to be social reality, understood
May as a set of social representations, through
in which social relations are manifested in individual co-
knowledge.
PROGRAM-ROLE CONCEPT 67180 109 218
41 (programmatic role concept of the scientific team) –
in relation to the scientific team – the theory of collective activity
scientific significance, considered in three interrelated aspects-
takh: subject-logical, scientific-social and personal-
psychological. The unit of analysis of scientific activity is
a research program is underway that reflects the needs of the local
geeks of scientific development and implemented through the distribution of scientific
functions (roles) between members of the research team
sky.
THE CONCEPT OF INNER SPEECH 901 180161 8980128
– a theoretical model of the genesis of internal speech from the so-called
egocentric speech, which is a conversation between a child and
to yourself out loud during play and other activities.
THE CONCEPT OF SELF-ORGANIZATION 01 671918 4 – scientific
a new direction that arose on the basis of statistical physics, theo-
systems of general and cybernetics and studying the laws
the emergence of structure in nonequilibrium disordered systems
of the discovered elements. General principles of self-organization of the discovered
live in physical, chemical, biological and
social, and in highly organized systems they are
are expressed with the greatest fullness. In psychology, the concept of sa-
moorganization can extend to a wide range of volumes
ects – from psychophysiology to social psychology.
STRATOMETRIC CONCEPT 7180161489 –
1. The concept of mediation of activity; 2. The concept of strat-
tometric collective - social - psychological theory
structuring of the team. Based on the assumption,
that the dynamics of interpersonal relationships in social groups
can only be adequately interpreted when considering many
level structure of group processes and determining the kha-
characteristics of levels of intragroup activity.
THE CONCEPT OF MOVEMENT CONSTRUCTION LEVELS
901 671161 8901219 – a concept according to which under construction
movement is understood as the composition of the afferentation ensembles
involved in coordinating this movement, in the implementation
implementation of the required corrections and in ensuring adequate
re-encoding for effector impulses, as well as all the com-
the totality of systemic relationships between them.
THE CONCEPT OF FORMING A STAGE-BY-STAGE
901 0161 519061 (the concept of the stage-by-stage formation of mental
(actions) - the doctrine of complex multifaceted changes,
associated with the formation of new actions, images and
concepts.
CHORMIC CONCEPT 180161 8901791 (concept-
hormic) - according to which the driving force of individualization
nal and social behavior is a special innate
(instinctive) energy – horme (gorme), which determines the character-
perception of objects, creating emotional arousal
ment and purposeful direction of mental and physical actions of the organ-
Nism.
THE CONCEPT OF SPECIFIC ENERGY 180161
8989 019 (the concept of specific energy of the sense organs) –
the idea that the quality of a sensation depends on how
which sense organ is excited.
COOPERATION 0161 8989 01709 18 is one of the main
forms of organization of interpersonal interaction, characteristic
by combining the efforts of participants to achieve common goals
goals while simultaneously dividing functions between them,
lei and responsibilities.
COORDINATION 89019 880179 4901 – coordination, combination
bringing into order, into conformity – of concepts, actions,
components, etc.
COORDINATION RECIPROCAL 8801791 917 – such
interaction of nerve centers, in which the excitation of one
of their centers leads to inhibition of others. Thus, when excited
neurons of the flexor muscles the activity of neurons is inhibited
extensor muscles; when the inspiratory center is excited, inhibition occurs
the exhalation center is activated.
SENSORYMOTOR COORDINATION 89019 8 901489 01 –
coordination of actions and interaction of the senses and
movements.
KORO 498716319 017 is an ethno-specific term meaning
syndrome that occurs in men and is accompanied by
a feeling as if the penis begins to be drawn into the abdominal cavity
loneliness, moreover, connected with the conviction that this should entail
death follows. Characterized by the emergence of neurotic fear –
to the point of panic.
CORPORATION 598617988719 – an organized group, ha-
characterized by isolation, maximum centralization and auto-
rhetoric of leadership, opposing itself to others
social communities on the basis of their narrowly individualistic
interests. Interpersonal relations in cooperation are based on
are surrounded by asocial, and often antisocial, values
orientations. Personalization of the individual in cooperation
tion occurs due to the depersonalization of other individuals.
CORRECTION 498 067 2914 – correction of some shortcomings
stats, irregularities, not requiring fundamental changes
the process or phenomenon being corrected.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRECTION 988061 2914 31
(psychocorrection) – is understood as an activity aimed at correcting
to the adjustment (correction) of those features of mental development,
which, according to the accepted system of criteria, do not correspond to the “op-
optimal" Model.
PRELIMINARY CORRECTION 891617 498 067 – cor-
remedial actions included at the very beginning
movements and ensuring their error-free execution. When
mastering a new movement corrections preliminary replace
are secondary corrections, due to which changes are introduced into the movement
corrections were made when the movement was performed incorrectly. Due to
automation of preliminary corrections is being consolidated
the units of action of the subject and the release of conscious-
control for other purposes.
CORTICAL 918 8917 7015 – associated with the cerebral cortex
head.
COEFFICIENT 499 718 801 – 1. In mathematics – usually
a constant or known quantity that serves as a multiplier for
another, usually variable or unknown quantity. 2. In psi-
chology is often a certain numerical value reflecting the degree
the expression and development of a certain psychological quality
qualities, characteristics.
INTELLIGENCE COEFFICIENT
499 488 8017194 (IQ, IQ and
intellectual development (IQ) is a quantitative indicator of the development of
mental retardation - the ratio denoted by the symbol IQ
so-called age of mental retardation to true age
(chronological) VI of a given person according to the formula: VU / VI x
100% = IQ. Mental age is determined by the results of the test.
testing using one of the age scales of intelligence.
CREATIVITY 491817 3194 8 – creative abilities
individual - the ability to generate unusual ideas, to deviate
from traditional patterns of thinking, quickly solve problems
situations. Characterized by a readiness to produce principles
of new ideas and is included in the structure of giftedness as an un-
dependent factor.
CRISIS 8914 871 418618 – in psychology – a state of mind
disorder caused by long-term dissatisfaction
yourself and your relationships with the outside world.
AGE CRISIS 14 871418918 – special, relative-
relatively short (up to a year) periods of ontogenesis, characterized by
thorny by abrupt psychological changes. Unlike
crises of a neurotic or traumatic nature, related to
are related to the normative processes necessary for normal,
progressive course of personal development. There may be
when a person moves from one age stage to another,
are associated with systemic qualitative transformations in the sphere
his social relationships, activities and consciousness.
CRITERION 111888 9174819 – a measure; a feature on the basis of which
what is being assessed, determined or classified
- either.
STATISTICAL CRITERION 891 4819 712 – indicator
whether, combining calculation methods, a theoretical model
distributions and rules for deciding on plausibility
the null or one of the alternative hypotheses.
OPPONENT CIRCLE 8901 31849141 – circle of other sign-
, the controversy with which regulates the activity of the creative
subject. Identifying the opponent's circle is an important condition
socio-psychological analysis of the dynamics of creativity, its
depending on interpersonal relationships.
CULT 919 618719811 – worship of someone or
something or someone; reverence for someone or something.
PHALLIC CULT 91618 7143191 – worship of men-
sexual organ - the phallus - as a symbol of fertility, life-
of unnatural power and other things in the religions and customs of some peoples.
CULTURE 91894219418 –
1. The totality of material and spiritual values created by society and characterizing a certain level of its development.
2. The level, degree of development achieved in a certain area of knowledge or activity: work culture, speech culture, etc.
3. The degree of social and mental development inherent in a certain person.
CULTURE: PSYCHOLOGICAL AREA 4219418 –
means of coercion and methods designed to reconcile people
with culture and reward them for the sacrifices they made.
CULTURE: STAGE 91894219418 81 4 – there are three
stages of culture characterized by the development of the sexual instinct
go and sexual morality:
1) the stage at which the satisfaction of sexual feelings does not pursue the goal of reproduction;
2) the stage at which everything that does not serve the purpose of reproduction is suppressed;
3) the stage at which only legal reproduction is permitted
as a sexual goal.
_L_
LABILITY 498714 216 – maximum number of pulses
owls, which is a nerve cell or functional structure of the muscle
can be transmitted per unit of time without distortion. In psychophysio-
differential lability is one of the main
properties of the nervous system, characterizing the rate of occurrence
initiation and termination of nervous processes.
LATA 5910691 988101 is an ethno-specific term meaning
syndrome, characterized by behavioral disturbances in extreme situations.
small situations: it unfolds according to a pattern of repetition
actions, phrases and gestures of other people (echolalia, echopraxia),
automatic execution of orders, stereotypical repetition
of individual phrases. This is happening against the background of a sharp increase in
arousal that causes hallucinations.
LATENT 491814 31916 – hidden, not outwardly manifested
emerging.
LEFT-HANDEDNESS 521614 9187128 – left-handed dominance
ki, which becomes the leading one – primarily due to innate
the dominance of the right hemisphere of the brain.
LEFT-HANDEDNESS HIDDEN 614 91851481901 – formed
left-handed people learn to use their right hand
as a presenter.
LEN 318 41791844 – universal means of protection against
useless labor. Most often, it is a consequence of uncertainty in the purpose
whether it’s a lack of incentives or just years of fatigue.
TREATMENTPSYCHOANALYTICTYPE
519317819478 – a set and sequence of classical
therapeutic procedures.
FALSEHOOD 9184117184 – individual psychological
feature, expressed in a deliberate distortion of reality
the current state of affairs, in an effort to create an incorrect
impression of facts and events. Falsehood is contrary to general
human requirements arising from the need to have
correct understanding of society, of the actions of others
about life circumstances.
IMAGINARY FALSEHOOD 4117184 891618 – a tendency to re-
the child to perceive events differently from what they actually are
le, but such as he would like. At the same time, the child fantasizes.
eet, identifying with other people, for example, with heroes
fairy tales. Often manifests itself in children aged 4-5 years; with age, usually
passes.
LIBIDO 5986179184 91 is a theoretical concept designed
explain the dynamics of mental life on the basis of an analogy with energy
gy as it is interpreted in physics. One of the key concepts
psychoanalysis.
LIBIDO: FIXATION 179184 98 218914 – fixation of the li-
bido on this or that element; predisposing internal
factor in the etiology of neuroses.
LEADER 418914 318 718 – a member of the group, behind whom all
the remaining members of the group recognize the right to accept responsibility
important decisions in situations that are important to her – decisions that affect
their interests and determining the direction and character
activities of the entire group. The most authoritative person, really
playing a central role in organizing the activities of the so-
local and regulation of relationships within the group.
LEADERSHIP 318 788 914 6819 – dominance relationships
and subordination, influence and following in the system of inter-relations
personal in the group.
LEADERSHIP: STYLE 91418718 519 (leadership style; style
management) - a typical system of management for a leader (manager)
methods of influencing followers (subordinates).
GAZE LINE 891489016718 – the line connecting the pupil
eyes with a point of fixation of gaze on the object. With ergonomic
from the point of view of optimal observation, it is ensured by
with the gaze inclined 15 degrees downwards relative to the line,
parallel to the surface of the earth.
HYPOCRISY 489016 917 81 – behavior that covers up
insincerity, malice with feigned sincerity,
virtue, supposedly good intentions.
CULTURAL HYPOCRISY 9016 917 489 1 – special
a state of affairs supported by society because of its inherent sense of
feelings of insecurity and the need to protect one's obvious la-
the prohibition of criticism and discussion. It arises from the fact that
that society demands the realization of a high ideal of morality
from each of its members, without caring how much
It's hard to do.
PERSONALITY 498617 218191 317 – a phenomenon of social
development, a specific living person, possessing consciousness and
self-awareness. The structure of personality is a holistic systemic image
formation, a set of socially significant mental properties,
relationships and actions of the individual, formed in the process of onto-
genesis and determining its behavior as the behavior of a conscious
subject of activity and communication. Personality is a self-regulating
a dynamic functional system continuously interacting
properties, relationships and actions interacting with each other,
developing in the process of human ontogenesis. Personality-
a self-propelled, self-developing system that is in the process of
All of its development comes to a higher level of its so-
knowledge.
PERSONALITY: ACTIVITY 8617191 317 912841 – way-
the ability to make socially significant changes in the world
re on the basis of appropriation of material and spiritual wealth
culture. Manifested in creativity, acts of will and communication.
Its integral characteristic is an active life position.
PERSONALITY: MENTAL APPARATUS 617 2191 317217 91
– consists of three spheres (regions) – “three kingdoms”: Super-I, I and
It, as well as the systems of their interactions.
PERSONALITY: RESEARCH: METHOD 17 21817 788 –
a set of methods and techniques for studying psychological
manifestations of personality.
PERSONALITY: RESEARCH: STANDARD METHOD
ZIROVANNY 191 31897 91481 (SMIL – standardized
method of personality research) – created on the basis of a personality questionnaire
of the Minnesota multiphase system, taking into account the orientation towards
study of mental norm.
PERSONALITY: ORIENTATION 617191 317 8914 81 – her
integral and generalized property. The set of stable
motives that guide the activity of the individual, relative
relatively independent of current situations. Characterized by in-
interests, inclinations, convictions and ideals of the individual,
expressing her worldview. It is expressed in harmony and
consistency of knowledge, relationships and dominant modes
behavior and actions of the individual. Manifested in the worldview
vision, spiritual needs and practical actions.
PERSONALITY: SENSORY ORGANIZATION
8817 218919481 – level of psychophysical functioning
analyzer systems and individual features of their volume
unification into complexes. Associated with basal psychophysiological
ical properties of the organism, first of all – with the type of higher
nervous activity and temperament; the level of thresholds of perception
acceptance is highlighted as one of the criteria for classification into one or another
different temperament, levels of development of sensitivity are set
ki for developing abilities.
PERSONALITY: DEVELOPMENT 218191 317 489 – the process of formation
formation of personality as a social quality of an individual as a result
those of his socialization and upbringing. Possessing natural anatomical
mo-physiological prerequisites for the development of personality,
During socialization, the child enters into interaction with the world
rum, mastering the achievements of mankind. Formed in
In this process, abilities and functions are reproduced in the personality
historically formed human qualities. Mastery
reality in a child is realized in his activities
through adults, therefore the process of education is the leading one
development of personality.
PERSONALITY:DEVELOPMENTEPIGENETIC
172819117 519 – continuous eight-stage development process
personality from infancy to old age, where each stage is special
alternative phase of solving age-related and situational problems
development.
PERSONALITY: SELF-DETERMINATION 191 317 989801719 –
a conscious act of identifying and asserting one's own position
in problematic situations. Its special forms are self-determination
collective and professional self-determination.
PERSONALITY: TYPE 8191 317 891– as the main criteria-
terii, by which people can be divided into certain types
py.
PERSONALITY: FORMATION 172181 9117 891 – object-
a natural and logical process in which a person performs
acts not only as an object of influence, but also as a subject of activity
ity and communication.
PERSONALITY | CHARACTER 191317 498 014 (personality and cha-
character) - Briefly expressing the essence of the differences between personality and character-
character, we can say that character traits express how
the individual acts, and personality traits are what he acts for.
It is obvious that the behavior patterns and the direction of the individual
ties are relatively independent: by applying the same
there are many ways to achieve different goals and, conversely, to strive for
to achieve the same goal in different ways.
AUTHORITARIAN PERSONALITY 498617218 214 – concept and
a concept that describes a special type of personality that is
the basis of totalitarian regimes. Characteristic: intolerance
freedom; thirst for self-affirmation and power; aggressiveness; ori-
orientation towards the authority of the leader, group and state; stereotyping
ness of thinking and conformism; hatred of the intelligentsia and
people of other ethnic groups, etc.
CRIMINAL PERSONALITY 218191 3178 (personality of the pre-
(stepnika) - in legal psychology - a set of psychological
logical properties characteristic of persons committing crimes
laziness.
REFERENCE PERSON 18191 381876 – a person, especially
particularly significant and valuable to another as a role model.
It has a strong psychological effect on the one to whom it is referred.
serves as a source of basic values, norms, rules of conduct,
judgments and actions.
SELF-ACTUALIZING PERSONALITY 191 317 481901
(self-actualizing personality) - a person who has reached
level of self-actualization. It turns out to be special, not burdened-
with a multitude of minor vices such as envy, malice, cynicism and
other; not prone to depression, pessimism, selfishness, etc. Ta-
which person has high self-esteem, is tolerant of others,
independent of conventions, simple and democratic, has a sense of
with a sense of humor of a philosophical nature, prone to experience
"peak feelings" such as inspiration, etc.
DEPRIVATION 519488918 417 – a condition introduced by
by virtue of the prohibition and arising from the prohibition.
LOGOS 319481919617819 is a term of ancient Greek philosophy.
Sophia, which denotes Cosmic Reason, Meaning, Word-
in, Law, Speech, the foundation of the world, its order and harmony. In Z. Frey-
Yes - a symbol of human reason.
LOGOTHERAPY 3196178198 916 – one of the directions
psychotherapy - a psychotherapeutic strategy based on
the assumption that personality development is determined by the desire
towards the search for and realization of the meaning of life.
FALSE 319 814 71978 is a communication phenomenon consisting of an intention
a gross distortion of the actual state of affairs; more often than not,
it is expressed in the content of speech messages, immediate
verification of which is difficult or impossible. Represents
is a conscious product of speech activity, which has a purpose
I want to mislead the recipients (listeners).
DOVESIGHT 421 78806418 (biolocation) – finding
digging with a special indicator of underground waters, ores,
voids, etc. A vine, a
wire frame, pendulum, etc.
LOCALIZATIONISM NARROW 318 614 818 9 – neuropsi-
chological direction, in which psychological functions
were considered as unified, indivisible into constituent parts
psychic abilities realized through the work of a narrowly localized
lysed areas of the cerebral cortex.
LOCAL 489712698 01 – local, specific to the data
a certain place; not going beyond certain limits, limited
ny.
LOCOMOTION 391 688 6054321 – in animals – locomotion
movement, active movement in space: crawling, walking,
running, climbing, swimming, flying, etc. Locomotion is a typical
measures rigidly programmed and fixed in the gene pool
innate motor coordination, which forms the basis
instinctive components of animal behavior.
LOCUS OF CONTROL 318491219 067 – concept, character-
localizing the reasons by which the subject explains his own
nal behavior and the behavior of other people.
LOVE 888 412 1289018 – High degree of emotional
a positive attitude that distinguishes its object from others.
others and placing it at the center of vital needs and in-
the subject's interests: love for the homeland, for the mother, for children, for music and
etc. Intense, tense and relatively stable feeling
the subject's ability to function physiologically determined by sexual desires
needs; expressed in a socially formed desire
to be as fully represented as possible by one's personalities
significant features in the life of another so that
to awaken in him the need for a reciprocal feeling of the same intensity
strength, tension and stability.
ETERNAL LOVE 888 912 818848 – having a special feature
love in the form of the subject's awareness of the factor of being in a state of
ultimate love. Characterized by the decision to live and develop
forever and the possibility of implementing this on the basis of the fact that
eternal love is already objectively realized for the subject of eternal-
ness.
LOVE: VARIETY 888 12418 316019 – dependent
various manifestations of love received from the object;
1) brotherly love (“love between equals”) is a fundamental type that forms the basis of all types of love;
2) motherly love;
3) erotic love;
4) self-love;
5) love for God.
LOVE: CONDITION 2 128901468 – components of male-
type of choice of sexual object of love life, character-
has the following characteristics:
1) the “injured third” condition;
2) the condition of “love for a prostitute”;
3) attraction to women approaching the category of prostitutes as the most valuable objects of love;
4) a tendency to save his beloved, which is manifested in the fact that the man does not leave her, because he is convinced that his beloved needs him, and without him she can lose all moral support and sink to a low level.
LOVE INHIBITED 219888 412 1289018 – from-
distinctive feature - inhibition in relation to the goal
love.
_M_
MASOCHISM 389 216 489 011 – The concept means perversion
sexual, characterized by the connection of sexual satisfaction with obligation
intense experience of physical or mental suffering.
The masochist's sexual satisfaction is achieved through the use of
physical impact on him - bullying and other things from the side
partner's rony.
MACROPSIA 318419 614 717 – subjective increase
perceived sizes of distant objects. Occurs when
damage to the parietal-occipital regions of the visual analyzer
but it is also observed in the norm when an individual makes efforts
to reduce eye accommodation.
MANIPULATION 489061 718 4 – Manipulation and
manipulative problem solving provides particularly deep, diverse
figurative and essential information for mental development about
the subject components of the environment and the processes occurring in it
sugar.
MASKING 488 616 001 919 – the process and the result of the action
an action intended to make someone or something un-
visible, invisible to anyone.
VISUAL CAMOUFLAGE 816 001 919 814 – deterioration
recognition of stimulus features (actually perceived
object) when presented with another stimulus that can:
1) act simultaneously with the main one (simultaneous camouflage)
naya);
2) precede it (direct camouflage);
3) follow him (reverse camouflage).
MASCULINITY 5147 18 28 – a complex of psychological
logical and characterological features, traditionally attributed to
men. These include strength, firmness, determination.
cruelty, etc.
MASCULINITY 51471828 (masculinity and femininity)
(nost) – normative ideas about somatic, mental
logical and behavioral properties characteristic of men and
women; an element of sexual symbolism associated with differentiation
tation of gender roles. In the psychology of differential ma-
culinity and femininity are specific scientific constructs
you, associated with specific psychodiagnostic tests.
MASS 488 91801517 319 (psychological mass) – message
a society of people where there is a libidinal attachment and to
leader, and between individuals. Sometimes called the mass
psychological. Masses differ from simple gatherings of people.
They are divided into natural masses and artificial masses.
MASS: LIBIDINOUS CONSTITUTION 80151739
319 (libidinal constitution of the mass, libidinal constitution
masses) - "primary mass", having a leader and not possessing
qualities of an individual, - a certain number of individuals who
made one and the same object their Super-Ego and therefore in their Ego
identified themselves among themselves.
HOMOGENEOUS MASS 517 319819495 01 – masses of psycho-
logical, consisting of homogeneous individuals.
ARTIFICIAL MASS 1517 319 48 – highly organ-
long-standing, established communities – like the church, the war-
sko. Their formation and functioning is realized under certain
Thor violence.
MASTURBATION 0021421 (onanism) – sexual self-gratification
satisfaction achieved through stimulation of erogenous zones or
psychological arousal when sexual fantasies
lead to the experience of orgasm without any manipulation.
MATRIX 819 319 06018 – in mathematics – rectangular
table of some mathematical objects: numbers, math-
logical expressions, etc. In psychology, the understanding of the term similarity
but, but instead of mathematical objects, some are implied
"psychological objects" - for example, tests.
PROGRESSIVE MATRIX RAVENA 06018914 318417
– a battery of tests for diagnosing intelligence levels. Based
at work visual thinking by analogy.
EMOTIONAL MATRIX 819 3199813191 – form
existence and expression of thoughts, reflecting genuine
feelings and beliefs and determining a person's actions.
MEDITATION 9188013210617 – intense, penetrating
deep thinking, immersion of the mind in an object, idea, or pro-
which is achieved by concentrating on one object and
elimination of all factors that distract attention, both external
(sound, light), and internal (physical, emotional and other)
(goe tension). A method of mental training that takes
various forms depending on the cultural and historical
environment.
PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE 529 321 688 17
(psychosomatics) is a branch of medicine based on the
knowledge of an exclusive, predominant or special role
psychological factors in the occurrence, course and outcome of the disease
somatic disorders.
MELANCHOLIC 489614 318171 – a subject possessing one-
him from the four main types of temperament (in the classification
Hippocrates). A person of melancholic temperament can be
characterize as easily vulnerable, prone to deep emotions
to survive even minor setbacks, but outwardly react sluggishly
affecting the environment. Characterized by a low level of mental
activity, slowness of movements, restraint of motor skills
ki and speech, rapid fatigue.
MELANCHOLY 614 318171 8914218 – a painful condition
manifestation of a depressed mood, slowness of movement
desires and a difficult flow of thoughts.
WORKPLACE: INFORMATION FIELD
481816 719317 (information field of the human workplace-
operator) – the subjective space of the human operator, where
key sources of signals about the activities performed during the course are placed
activities operations.
METAPSYCHOLOGY 8914819 3198714 – psychology, description
which involves mental processes in a dynamic, topical and
economically.
META-SIMULATION 48181941 89 – extension of existing
earlier than symptoms of the disease.
METHOD 919 411 819 311 (research method) – 1. Reception,
method, course of action.
2. A method of cognition and research of natural and social phenomena
personal life; a way of practically implementing something.
A method of organizing activities that is justified by the normative
method of carrying out scientific research. The path of research-
arising from general theoretical ideas about the essence
the nature of the object being studied.
LIFE ANALYSIS METHOD 489316 718 444 (life analysis method
life paths; a method of joint analysis of life with the client
(the path) is one of the leading methods of correcting psychological
, is based on a joint analysis of the client's life path
and defining realistic life goals - without deep
working through emotional issues.
ASSOCIATIVE METHOD 398716 818 (associative method)
(tions of free) - a therapeutic technique of Freudian psycho-
analysis: during a therapeutic session the client is offered
freely express whatever comes to mind. It implies-
it is possible that the client, without realizing it, may “let it slip” –
spontaneously pronounce words that will indicate the involuntarily arising
thoughts that are in his mind; the analysis of these thoughts and associations will indicate
the cause and source of his illness or anxiety.
BIOGRAPHICAL METHOD 488 712919316 – in psychol-
gyi – methods of research, diagnostics, correction and design
development of the individual's life path.
TWINS METHOD 391 614 818917 – research strategy
vaniya is the most informative of the psychogenetic methods.
The method is based on the premise that environmental influences exerted
on twins, are approximately the same. Allows us to judge the influence
genetic and environmental factors on the studied psychological
quality, on the variability of the studied feature. Characteristic
Teren compares the psychological qualities of monozygotic twins
identical (monozygotic), having an identical set of genes, and di-
zygotic (fraternal), the genotypes of which are different and have
On average, only 50% of the genes are identical.
ACTIVE IMAGINATION METHOD 428 614 9187168 –
the main method of psychological correction in therapy by K.G. Yun-
ha. It involves the possibility of meeting and interacting with sym-
oxen of the unconscious.
GENEALOGICAL METHOD 918616 391711 – applies
to psychogenetic methods. A study is being conducted of similarities
relations between relatives in different generations.
GENETIC METHOD 498061 718919 – method of studying
mental phenomena in development, revealing their origin
and the laws of transformation in the course of development.
METHOD OF ADOPTED CHILDREN 808 417 318 – psychogenetics-
ical method that allows us to judge the influence of genetic and
environmental factors on the variability of the studied trait by
establishing the similarity of an adopted child with his biological
between natural and adoptive parents. It is based on the comparative
the identification of similarities based on some psychological characteristic between
the child by biological parents, on the one hand, and the re-
the child and his adoptive parents, on the other.
GROUP DISCUSSION METHOD 418917 318919 (me-
(group discussion tod) –
1. A method of organizing joint activities used in the practice of managing teams, aimed at intensive and productive solution of a group task.
2. A technique that allows, using a system logically
reasoned arguments, to influence opinions, positions and
attitudes of the participants in the discussion during direct communication
forgiveness.
METHOD OF DIFFERENTIAL SEMANTIC
8918 51981891 – associative procedure – one of the methods of
structures of subjective semantic spaces. Applies-
is used in studies related to human perception and behavior.
love, with an analysis of social attitudes and personal meanings
- in psychology and sociology, in the theory of mass communications
and advertising, as well as in aesthetics.
ZOOPSYCHOLOGICAL METHOD 489617 319818 918
(zoopsychology method) – methods of studying animal behavior,
including observation and experiment.
MINIMUM CHANGE METHOD 898716319418 –
a method for determining the threshold of perception at which mo-
notonous step-by-step change in the magnitude of the active stimulus
inhabitant - until the point of origin is determined and
the point of disappearance of sensation.
PSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW METHOD 891617
318917 – the main method of psychological correction. The main
attention is paid to the “shared emotion” that arises in therapy.
ical situation between the therapist and the client.
HISTORICAL METHOD 891 811 918716 – method of studying
of mental phenomena in development, revealing their dependence
bridge from the historical conditions of people's lives.
CARDIOGRAM METHOD 889 317 48678 – registration method
strations of the activity of the bioelectric muscle of the heart,
changeable in psychology for the analysis of vegetative shifts.
CATHRITICAL METHOD 499 818 906714 – method of psycho-
therapy designed to treat certain types of psycho-
nervous diseases. Its main position is that
hysterics' symptoms depend on the scenes that shook them but were forgotten
from life.
COMPREHENSIVE METHOD 980491 716 318 – is applied
as organizational. Here another basis is used for
selection of the method: for example, comparative or longitudinal methods
may or may not be complex. This means that the
the investigation can be carried out either within the framework of one science, or
as a comprehensive interdisciplinary study.
LONGITUDINAL METHOD 48871631944 (longitudinal method)
– refers to organizational methods. It involves working with
by the same group of people - or with one person - reg-
examining them carefully and frequently enough over a long period of time.
time - development is monitored, a “longitudinal” analysis is carried out
"cut".
LURIA METHOD 498 71431871 – a series of neuropsychological
methods used to diagnose local brain lesions
head of the concomitant mental disorders. Pre-
represent a set of test trials of various processes
cognitive, voluntary actions and personal characteristics
sti.
MYOGRAM METHOD 489617814312 – registration method
bioelectric activity of the body's muscles to assess the intensity
the location, location and time parameters of muscle movement
- for example, to record hidden motor reactions.
METHOD OF OBSERVATION OF THE INCLUDED 498061 7189174
– a method for studying social and psychological processes in
in small groups, and the experimenter himself participates in these processes.
mentor, observing both from the inside and from the outside at once.
METHOD OF OBJECTIVE OBSERVATION 489614 31842
– a research strategy for capturing given characteristics
some process without interfering with its course. It can be oriented
be used to register behavioral acts and processes of fit-
ziological. As a rule, it is a preliminary stage
Before planning and conducting an experimental study,
talnogo.
OBJECTIVE METHOD 489614 918 8 – analysis strategy
mental content, maximally oriented towards others.
of his subject (and not himself, as in introspectionism) and on
use of verifiable hypotheses. Refers to methods
organizational.
DESCRIPTIVE METHOD 498614 718 – the research is conducted
the role of an observer: he never interferes with the observer.
the given phenomenon, limiting itself to the most objective possible
description of it.
SURVEY METHOD 219618 71481901 – this includes: 1) be-
gray; 2) questionnaire; 3) interview.
ORGANIZATIONAL METHOD 498614 718 7819 – here
include:
1) comparative method and the method of sections as its parts
case;
2) longitudinal method;
3) complex method;
4) subjective method and objective method.
EXPERT ASSESSMENT METHOD 491718 51431 (method
expert assessment, external expert assessment method) – method
psychodiagnostics, based on the opinion of experts, is good
who know the phenomenon being assessed and are able to give it a reliable
assessment. It involves studying and summarizing the opinions of all
participating experts. Widely used in psychology of personality.
nost.
POLYEFFECTOR METHOD 9189181417418 4 – is-
uses simultaneous recording of several reactions of the organ-
in response to the action of a stimulus. In this mode, more often
In total, the following psychophysiological indicators are recorded:
as a galvanic skin and cardiovascular response, bio-
brain potentials, tremor, myographic reactions, ha-
respiratory characteristics, arterial pressure.
POPULATION METHOD 319617 919 81 – refers to
psychogenetic methods. Allows to study the distribution
individual genes or chromosomal abnormalities in human
populations. To analyze the genetic structure of a population,
a large group of people follows, which must be representative
representative – to allow one to judge the population as a whole.
This method is also more informative when studying various
forms of hereditary pathology.
METHOD OF EVOKED POTENTIALS 498617 319 489 –
method of recording the bioelectrical activity of the brain
go, the changes of which are caused by external influences and
are recorded in relative temporal proximity to this potential
action. In particular, it is possible to investigate rhythmic oscillations
biopotential in response to an externally imposed rhythm of development
irritant. Based on the data obtained using this method,
Yes, hypotheses are being built about the mechanisms of perception, attention, in-
intelligence, about the asymmetry of the interhemispheric brain of the brain and
individual psychophysiological differentiation.
TRIAL AND ERROR METHOD 498617 319 – type of learning –
a way of developing new forms of behavior in problematic situations
I.
PROJECTIVE METHOD 319614819 8 – one of the methods
personality research. Based on the identification of projections in the data
experimental results with their subsequent interpretation.
DICHOTIC LISTENING METHOD
448618 319 48 - a method designed to analyze attention
selective and asymmetry of the interhemispheric brain.
Characterized by the simultaneous presentation of various sounds
stimuli to the right and left ears.
POLAR PROFILE METHOD 4986179184 – method
descriptions and evaluations of analyzed objects – concepts,
social attitudes, social stereotypes and others – with the help of
by the power of a set of bipolar scales, defined by opposition
eat adjectives, nouns or expanded statements
(for example, hard - soft, warm - cold, etc.).
PSYCHOGENETIC METHOD 498716 3194 – methods,
allowing to determine the influence of hereditary factors and
environments for the formation of certain mental characteristics
person. These include:
1) the twin method is the most informative;
2) genealogical method;
3) population method;
4) the method of adopted children.
PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC METHOD 498617 3194 8178
- methods for identifying the measurement of individual characteristics
a base of procedures and techniques that have proven their effectiveness.
METHOD OF SEMANTIC RADICAL 498612 7194 –
one of the methods of objective semantics of experimental
definitions of semantic fields. Consists of the analysis of values
by isolating their associative fields. It is based on
the process of formation and transfer of conditioned reflexes for determining
determination of the semantic similarity of objects. As a criterion for the se-
the mantic proximity of objects uses the transfer of reaction
conditioned reflex from one object to another, with it semantic-
physically related.
METHOD OF REACTIONSKIN-GALVANIC
498617 3194 – method for recording skin bioelectric activity
tricheskoy as an indicator of involuntary activity of the autonomic nervous system
ny. It is used to assess changes in the states of func-
nal, orienting and emotional reactions, differences
individual.
REFERENTOMETRIC METHOD 918716 319 48 (re-
ferentometry) is a methodical technique, a way of identifying refer-
rent of the group members for each individual included in it.
Contains two procedures. At the preliminary (auxiliary)
(noy) with the help of a questionnaire, positions (opinions,
assessments, attitudes) of each member of the group about a significant object,
event or person. The second procedure identifies persons, position
which, reflected in the questionnaire, represents the largest
greater interest for other subjects. All this forces the subjects to
intended to show high selectivity in relation to persons in
a group whose position is particularly relevant to him.
METHOD OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SELF-REGULATION
498612 719 481 – a system of teaching methods aimed at
formation by the subject of internal means of self-management
states. It is customary to distinguish between different types of ta-
methods: neuromuscular relaxation, auto-training
genetic, ideomotor training, imaginative methods, me-
meditative methods, self-hypnosis. Training in methods especially
successfully in the conditions of specially organized cycles of classes.
BLIND METHOD 489317 889 41 – involves eliminating
artifacts that distort the experiment, associated with the fact that
the subjects are to some extent aware of what is being investigated and what is
they are expected. However, the knowledge of this by the experimenters
can also have an effect. Therefore, the method of following has come into practice.
sing double, in which the influence of the named artifacts is eliminated
comrade
SOCIOMETRIC METHOD 498 051 618421 – dia-
a gnostic method used to analyze interpersonal relationships
nostnye in groups of small. When it is applied before each
a member of the group asks a question, and when answering it, he makes a
leads to the sequential selection and ranking of other members
groups. Typically, questions are asked about the members of the group, the preferred
read in certain situations.
COMPARATIVE GENETIC METHOD 488 617 319
81 – a research strategy used to study the
patterns of mental activity by comparing the quality
particularly special stages of its development.
COMPARATIVE METHOD 498 617 3198819 – widely
is used in all areas of psychology. In psychology, comparative
is realized in the form of a comparison of the characteristics of the mental
ki features of the psyche at different stages of evolution. In this
psychology is embodied in the identification of psychological features
features of different nationalities. In age psychology, he
acts as a method of sections, which is opposed to me-
both are longitudinal. Both are aimed at determining the specific
mental developmental difficulties in connection with age – but different
paths.
SECTIONAL METHOD 419 6173184 (cross-sectional method) –
refers to organizational methods. Research of organizational
is like working with people of different age groups – as if with
performing cuts at different age levels. When
a sufficient number of representatives of each group can be
to reveal generalized characteristics at each level and at this
based on which to trace the general trends of age development.
STATISTICAL METHOD 31947 819 448 – in psychol-
gyi – some methods of applied statistics, mathematical,
used mainly for processing experimental data
nykh. The main purpose of the application is to increase the validity
conclusions in research through the use of probability logic
nost and probabilistic models.
SUBJECTIVE METHOD 498617 818 911 – assumes,
that the object with which the psychologist interacts is
he himself is both an observer and an observed, an experimenter and
subject. Most often, this method is associated with the concept of in-
trospection or self-observation. This involves turning
psychologist to his inner experience, an attempt to capture the changes
problems in their own mental life in various
conditions.
SCALING METHOD 219317 419 18 – methods that ensure
preserving the use of quantitative indicators for assessing
ki attitudes of subjects to certain objects, as
which can be physical or social processes.
There are a number of methods for scaling subjective
methods characterized by certain rules according to which
numerical values are assigned to certain qualities of the object
ects. Within the framework of classical psychophysics, the following methods are used:
mean errors; minimum change method; irritation method
permanent residents.
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD 498614319 819 –
may seem similar to the method of introspection, but
has significant differences: 1) not a sample is taken for the experiment
a specialist experienced in self-observation, and a “naive” observer
the tester, and the less he knows psychology, the better; 2) from the tester
what is required is not an analytical report, but the most ordinary one
perceived, - in the terms that he uses everywhere
daytime.
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL METHOD
817319 41849808 – methods for analysis of the activity of organic sys-
system based on the registration of biopotentials, the change of which
can occur spontaneously or in response to a stimulus
external. In this case, the brain's biocurrents are analyzed with
with the help of the encephalogram and potentials evoked by muscles - with
with the help of a myogram; skin – with the help of a skin reaction
galvanic; heart - using a cardiogram.
ENCEPHALOGRAM METHOD 519617 3194 80817 – method
registration of bioelectrical activity of the brain
different areas of the scalp surface. It is used for analysis
changes in brain activity in certain experimental
situations. Based on data on physiological processes,
hypotheses are built about the work of various mental processes.
skikh, - about perception, attention, thinking, memory, emotions,
movement, speech and self-regulation. Moreover, due to the existence of
of stable individual characteristics of the encephalogram
This method can be used in differential psychology
and psychophysiology.
METHOD 319418614 3 –
1. A set of techniques, methods of teaching something, methods of purposeful implementation of some work, process, or practical implementation of something. Technical techniques for implementing a method with the purpose of clarifying or verifying knowledge about the object being studied.
2. The specific embodiment of the method is the developed method of organizing
of interaction between the subject and the object of research based on
specific material and specific procedure.
3. Science of teaching methods.
METHOD OF PAIR ASSOCIATIONS 519 314 819 8 –
a method of studying memory in which, after memorization,
subjects are given a list of pairs of stimuli (meaningless syllables, words,
pictures, etc.) he is given a task: upon subsequent presentations
in the statements of each first member of the pair, reproduce the second member.
UNCONSCIOUS METHOD 498617 919 016 – methods aimed at identifying unconscious reactions, –
for example, projective techniques.
BLANK METHOD 489614 314 81 – a method where
subjects are asked a series of judgments or questions, on which
which he must answer - in writing or orally; while
a special form is filled out where these answers are recorded – li-
either by the subjects themselves or by the interviewer. According to these answers
judge the psychological qualities of the subject. Widely disseminated
the dissemination of such methods and practical interest in them
is explained by the simplicity of their development and processing of results.
METHOD OF PARTIAL REPRODUCTION
419712 81914 – a technique for studying iconic memory.
It is characterized by the fact that the subject receives instructions to reproduce
to provide only part of the information presented in a short
time. An indication of which part exactly should be played,
is performed by a light or sound signal, which gives-
with some delay after the presentation of the material for the
memories. Using this technique, it was shown that pa-
The iconic memory can store a very large amount of information.
mations, but only for a very limited time.
EFFECTIVE METHOD 488714 318617 – methods,
where the subject is given the task of completing a certain set of tasks
practical actions, the nature of which leads to a conclusion about
the peculiarities of his psychology.
SUPPLEMENTATION METHOD 428614 319 81718 – group
methods related to projective methods. These include-
sya: unfinished sentences, unfinished stories, test as-
Jung's sociability.
METHODOLOGY OF STUDYING CREATIVITY PRODUCTS
491 818 81789 – a group of methods related to the methods of
ective. These include: the human figure drawing test, the test
Koch tree drawing, house drawing test, finger drawing, etc.
EXPRESSION STUDY METHODOLOGY 498614 818 9 –
a group of techniques related to projective techniques. To it
include: handwriting analysis, analysis of speech communication features
go, Mira-y-Lopez myokinetic technique.
INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUE 498619 3197 – group of me-
techniques related to projective methods. These include:
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Ro- frustration test
Zenzweig, Szondi test.
CATAHRSIS METHOD 519 617 319 8198 – method group
dick, related to projective methods. These include:
psychodrama, projective play;
QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY 498612 718 19 – methods,
based on a qualitative analysis of experimental data
, and the diagnosed property is described in terms of
known scientific concepts. They do not allow the application of measures and
methods of quantitative processing of results, to judge the level
development of the diagnosed properties and directly show the cause-
relationships between the variables under study.
QUANTITATIVE METHOD 519617 3194 5 – method
wilds based on quantitative analysis of experimental data
data. Allows the use of quantitative measures and mea-
methods of quantitative processing of results, evaluate diagnostics
the property being measured according to the degree of its development relative to others
people.
DESIGN TECHNIQUE 519614 819 1 – group
methods related to projective methods. These include-
sya: MAPS, peace test and its various modifications.
MYOKINETIC METHOD OF MIRA-I-LOPEZ
498 617 89801948719 – one of the projective methods, related-
belongs to the group of methods for studying expression.
MULTIDIMENSIONAL METHOD 519614319 818 – methods,
characterized by the fact that they are intended for diagnostics and evaluation
several similar or different types of psychological problems at once
qualities.
MONOMERIC METHOD 89742198 (monomeric method
(measured) - methods that are characterized by the fact that they diagnose or
evaluate a single quality or property.
OBJECTIVE METHOD 891871 808916 – methods,
using indicators independent of consciousness or desire
of the subject and the experimenter. An example would be the
, including the analysis of physiological or reflexive
indicators or practical results of the activities of the
subject, where the subjectivity of assessments is reduced to a minimum.
METHODOBJECTIVE-MANIPULATIVE
988 614071 21931 – a method where the tasks solved by the subjects
are offered in the form of real objects that you will have to deal with
it is to make something: to assemble from given materials, to make,
disassemble, etc.
SURVEY METHODOLOGY 9188 701418317 – methods, in which
where the subject is asked oral questions,
and his answers are noted and processed.
PETERSON METHOD 912816318 714 – procedure
to determine the impact of information storage time on the pro-
duration and quality of memorization - in the absence of the possibility
the possibility of repetition. It consists in the fact that after the presentation
providing the subject with the material to be memorized,
It is proposed to solve additional issues over a period of time
task, which prevents the repetition of the memorized material
ala.
PRODUCTIVE METHOD 8901 617 488 – methods,
using some kind of their own creative product
the subject - verbal, figurative, material - spontaneously
created or reproduced according to the instructions.
PROJECTIVE METHOD 814 319 818 – has a significant
tive possibilities in the study of individuality
personality; allows, indirectly modeling certain life
situations and relationships, explore personal formations,
protruding directly or in the form of various installations, such as
“meaningful experiences”, “personal meanings” and others, in which
which also show bias in personal reflection
mental.
PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC METHOD 8901 617 917
318 – are used to make a psychological diagnosis.
These include the following types of methods: methods
blank; objective-manipulative technique; technique
questionnaire; projective technique; drawing technique.
FIGURE METHOD 489 061 719 317809 – method-
ki, using thematic drawings created by the subjects
of a given or arbitrary nature. Sometimes used
the method of interpreting ready-made, standard images by subjects
expressions.
SENSORY METHOD 914 788901 909 – methods,
presenting test material in the form of physical stimuli,
directly addressed to the senses.
CONSCIOUS METHOD 898 31489101 – methods,
addressed to the consciousness of the subject (for example, questionnaires). Their
The advantage is that they allow us to judge the psychological
the subject's gyi directly - on the basis of what he himself or
People who know him talk about him.
CONJUGATE-MOTOR METHOD 498016 316 481
– a method for studying human affective reactions. In contrast,
which from the methods of recording symptoms of affective reactions
through changes in vegetative functions (respiration, arterial
pressure, pulse, etc.), allows us to study the reflection of these
reactions in speech and motor processes.
SOCIOMETRIC METHOD 489612 8906 819 – in
The basis is the principle of choosing a partner for joint actions.
The person elected by the largest number of group members,
has high status; not chosen by any of them – low status.
However, this technique does not allow us to determine the causes and content
the essence of certain relationships, their core is motivational.
DOUBLE STIMULATION METHOD 891016 3194 –
a technique for studying the process of concept formation. It uses
use two sets of incentives, the first of which performs
the function of the object to which the subject's activity is directed
the given one, and the second one is the function of signs with the help of which this activity
activity is organized.
STRUCTURING METHODOLOGY 51948 719 81 – group-
of methods related to projective methods. These include
are: Rorschach inkblot test, cloud test, 3D projection test
Noah.
SUBJECTIVE METHOD 319617 819 48 – methods,
using data that depends on the desires and consciousness of the subject
of the experimenter or the experimenter - related to their internal
experience and dependent on it. A classic example is the methods,
based on introspection and inferences made on the basis of intuition.
tions and inner experience.
TECHNICAL METHOD 518617 918489 – methods,
giving the subject test material in the form of audio recordings,
video recordings and films, as well as through other technical means
devices.
APPROVING METHOD 318915 614 081 – method-
wilds that offer certain judgments or statements with which
which the subject must agree or disagree.
PHYSIOLOGICAL METHOD 489614 319 018 – me-
methods where diagnostics are made on the basis of analysis of non-producible
voluntary physical or physiological reactions of the body
subject.
METHODOLOGY 489618 31914 –
1. The doctrine of the scientific method of cognition, and more broadly – of methods of cognition in general.
2. A set of methods used in a certain science, field of knowledge. A system of principles and methods of organizing and constructing theoretical and practical activities. It is embodied in the organization and regulation of all types of human activity. In general, the methodology determines the principles that a person should be guided by in his activities.
METHODOLOGY SPECIFIC SCIENTIFIC 97618 31914 819
– develops the same problems as the methodology of general scientific
nal, but within the framework of specific sciences, based on the characteristics of the volume
ect of science, - in relation to both theory and empirical activity-
activities. This is carried out within the framework of knowledge systems created
scientific schools that differ from others in their explanations
principles and methods of research and practical
Czech work.
GENERAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY 489617 31948 – to it
attempts to develop universal principles include
means and forms of scientific knowledge, correlated, at least potentially
cially, not with any specific science, but applicable to the wider
a wide range of sciences, while remaining, in contrast to methodology,
philosophical, within the framework of scientific knowledge itself, is not expanded
reaching a common worldview level. This includes,
for example, the concepts of systems scientific analysis, structural-
level approach, cybernetic principles of description of complex
systems, etc. At this level, general pro-
problems of constructing scientific research, methods of implementation
theoretical and empirical activities, in particular –
general problems of constructing an experiment, observation and modeling
lization.
PROTECTIVE MECHANISM 519318 914 913 (protection mechanism)
shields) - automatic unconscious me-
mechanisms that ensure the protection of the mental personality. These include
include: sublimation, substitution, repression, regression, pro-
ction, rationalization, reactive education, identification
and behavioral recording.
IDENTIFICATION MECHANISM 489614 718 8918 – provides
transmits “personal” experience indirectly – through personal
example, “infection”, imitation.
MECHANISM UNCONSCIOUS 519 614319 810
(unconscious mechanisms of conscious actions) - here
The following subclasses are included:
1) unconscious automatisms;
2) unconscious attitudes;
3) accompaniment of unconscious conscious actions.
ROLE ACQUISITION MECHANISM 319618 719 801 (mechanism
acceptance and mastery of social roles) – is in many ways similar to
identification mechanism, but is distinguished by a much greater
generalization, often the lack of personalization of the mastered
standard. It is described using the concepts of the position of the social
nal and social roles.
TARGET CONVERSION MECHANISM 489617 019 317 (me-
mechanism of transformation of a goal into a motive) – the same as the mechanism of shift
motive.
CONGENITAL LAUNCHING MECHANISM
489061 718 8194 – so that instinctive behavior can be
to appear, not only an external stimulating situation is needed, but
and certain internal factors in the form of needs or
motivations. As a result of this combination, the impression is created that
as if the animal reacts specifically to some specific
situation at a certain moment. Such a correspondence between
the type of irritation and the type of reaction suggested the idea of the existence of
the existence of some mechanism capable of deciding which name to give
but from the forms of behavior inherent to the animal, it follows that
to roll in a specific case. This mechanism, inherent in this
in the form and built into the brain, and was named the trigger mechanism.
congenital. It is believed that such mechanisms in
In most cases, they control the behavior of many species.
MECHANISM OF MOTIVE SHIFT 519 584 318 2188 (mechanics-
the mechanism of shifting the motive to the goal; the mechanism of turning the goal into a mo-
tive) is a mechanism for the formation of motives outlined in the theory of activity.
ity. Its essence is that the goal, previously motivated to be realized,
the existence of some motive, over time it acquires independence
motivating force – itself becomes a motive.
the process of shifting the motive is subject to the general rule: the object,
an idea, a goal that has been saturated with positive energy for a long time and consistently
emotions, turns into an independent motive. So
there is a shift of motive to the goal, in other words, the goal acquires
status of the motive. This mechanism operates at all stages of development
personalities, only with age do those main ones change and become more complex
motives of communication that saturate with positive emotions
actions mastered by the states, because as we grow, the sta-
the circle of social contacts and connections is renewed.
DREAM 489614 319 8 – a necessary condition for transformation
reality, motivating cause, motive of activity,
the final completion of which was delayed; especially
a form of imagination localized in a sufficiently remote
future and uniting ideas about high life
qualities. Plans for the future, manifested in the imagination of the subject and
fulfilling needs and interests that are important to him.
DREAMING 917 481 81931 – special internal activity
a form which the imagination often takes;
is in creating a mental image of the desired future.
MYSOPHOBIA 489016 319 78 – a type of neurosis, characteristic of pa-
tological fear of pollution.
MICROPSIA 319317 918 49 – subjective decrease
perceived sizes of distant objects. Can be
be caused by damage to the parietal-occipital areas of the analysis-
visual torus.
MICROSOCIUM 219 487 3194 – the immediate environment of the
a person’s social environment is his family, relatives, friends, comrades, acquaintances.
friends, acquaintances, neighbors, work colleagues.
FAMILIES 819417 919 321 – a set of movements of parts
faces expressing the state of the subject or his attitude to the
accepted. Peculiar facial expressions are also characteristic of the highest
animals.
MYOGRAM 489317 3194 – recording of electrical activity
skeletal muscle function, performed using a special
device - myograph (electromyograph).
MYOGRAPHY 519617 319 471214 – research method
functional state of muscles by recording their bio-
potentials.
PERSONAL WORLD 49514 894181987 31948 – completely sub-
an objective system of opinions, beliefs, ideas, desires and needs
the individual's behavior that guides his external
world and determine its perceptions. It is a stable
configuration of affective reactions and social attitudes,
which is imposed on all life situations and gives
uniqueness to all perception and behavior of the individual.
WORLDVIEW 594317 81498 – a system of views on the
the objective world and the place of man in it, on man's attitude to
the reality surrounding him and himself, as well as
the basic life positions of people determined by these views
dey, their beliefs, ideals, principles of knowledge and activity,
value orientations. As a subject of the worldview of the re-
social group and personality act as a single entity. Worldview-
the core of social and individual consciousness. This is a reflection of
understanding, general understanding of the world, man, society and value
attitude towards them, determining the socio-political, financial
losophical, atheistic or religious, moral, es-
the theoretical and scientific orientation of a person.
MYTH 59861731914 – arising in the early stages of history
a unique form of worldview embodied in legends and
narratives. Myth is the step by which an individual
The individual emerges from mass psychology.
MNEMONICS 9186173148 (mnemonics) – a system of diff-
personal techniques that make memorization easier and increase
memory capacity by forming additional associations.
MNEMOTECHNIQUE 591867 3914 – a system of special
techniques used to facilitate memorization. The essence of mnemonics
memorization techniques - in that the memorized
information is somehow understood and structured.
PUBLIC OPINION 59867181948 – expressed in
the form of certain judgments, ideas and representations of relations
the involvement of social groups in social phenomena or problems
life, affecting common interests. It arises as a product
awareness of urgent social problems that require solutions
and is manifested in the comparison or even collision of different
views and positions on the issue under discussion, - in the approved
support, or denial, condemnation of certain actions
actions, deeds or lines of behavior.
MODALITY 59867181914 89 is one of the main
properties of sensations, their qualitative characteristics: color - in
vision, tone and timbre – in hearing, the nature of the smell – in the sense of smell, etc.
Modal characteristics of sensations, as opposed to their other
characteristics (spatial, temporal, intensity-
), reflect the properties of reality in a specifically encoded
bath (the wavelength of light is reflected as color, often
and sound waves - such as tone, etc.).
MODELING 319 488 5194 – in psychology – research
the development of mental processes and states with the help of their real-
physical or ideal, primarily mathematical
models. Here, a model is understood as a system of objects or
194
signs, reproducing certain essential properties of the system-
original.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MODELING 59867126801
1. Construction of models of the course of some psychological processes
processes in order to formally test their functionality.
2. Recreation of mental activity in laboratory conditions
for studying its structure. It is carried out by pre-
presenting the subject with various means that can
be included in the structure of activities. As such means
among other things, various simulators and models are used,
diagrams, maps, video material.
MODEL 58867191814 – diagram, image or description
some natural or social, natural or
an artificial process, phenomenon or object.
INFORMATION MODEL 48871631918 – in ergonomic
mike - a set organized according to certain rules
information about the control object, the technical device itself
and the external environment. They are needed in situations where the operator
it is necessary to evaluate the progress of production activities, describe
focusing not so much on directly observable properties
component of the ergatic system, how much on the properties measured-
measured by instrumental methods.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL 598642 31914 80 – understand-
tie used in engineering psychology. It means a system
the human operator's ideas about the goals of his activities, about
the state of the controlled object and the methods of influencing it.
IMAGINARY-CONCEPTUAL MODEL 519 64891814
– a set of operator’s ideas about the real and predicted
the controlled state of the object of activity and the system of erratic
in general, as well as about the goals and methods of implementing their activities
sti.
MODEL / FILTRATION 4986173191418 (model with filter-
(tradition) is one of the first concepts of selective attention.
Assumes limited system capacity
processing of sensory information received in parallel
several channels. At a certain stage of processing, a certain
the signal is in the center of attention, which determines the name-
but its transmission through a selective filter into a channel with a limited
with a given capacity, operating between stages
detection and recognition of signals. Due to this filter,
the movement of information from short-term memory to
long-term.
MODIFICATION 2198163181901 – modification, transformation
the formation of something, usually characterized by the appearance of new
properties.
BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION 59867131919 – Suggested
a method of re-
regulation of social behavior. It was used first as
clinical method of psychotherapy for the treatment of neuroses, then
began to be applied to mentally healthy people for
development of mechanical habits that ensure adaptation
to living conditions that are unacceptable for them.
BRAIN 314 218 318 818 – the central part of the nervous system
humans and animals, the main organ of the psyche. In vertebrates
animals and humans are anatomically distinguished by the spinal cord (in
spinal canal) and the brain (in the cranium). The brain
covered by three membranes - hard, arachnoid and vascular.
The brain tissue of the brain consists of gray matter (a cluster of nerve
cells) and white (a cluster of predominantly nerve processes)
(cells) of the substance.
BRAIN: BIORYTHM 598614 81931 (brain biorhythms) is one of
types of background, spontaneous, electrical activity of the human brain
of humans and animals. Biorhythm is a regular or rhythmic
activity characterized by prolonged repetition of a particular
waves with a slight variation in their repetition frequency.
BRAIN 814 729 318 818 – part of the nervous system
noah, enclosed in a cranium and consisting of the brain
large, cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata.
BRAIN: CORTEX 918 617 619 017 (cerebral cortex
brain) - the upper layer of the cerebral hemispheres, consisting of
primarily from nerve cells with a vertical orientation
(pyramidal cells), as well as from bundles of afferent (central-
rapid) and efferent (centrifugal) nerve fibers
con. In neuroanatomical terms, it is characterized by the presence of a horizontal
layers of steel, differing in width, density, shape and
the size of the nerve cells that comprise them.
BRAIN: FUNCTION: LATERALIZATION
498 614 719 816 (literalization of brain functions) – pro-
the process of redistribution of mental functions between the left and
the right hemispheres of the brain, occurring in the ontogene-
neze.
ANCIENT BRAIN 519 614 319 817 (reptilian brain) – group-
of the nervous structures that form the "lower floor" of the human
brain; corresponds to the first stage of development of the brain of the brain
phylogeny up to reptiles.
MEDULLA OBLONGATA 214 713 914 819 – continued
spinal cord in the cranial cavity.
SPINAL CORD 314 218 814 719 – is divided into four parts
cases: cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral, as well as on
segments (there are 31-33 segments in total). Continued
spinal cord in the cranial cavity - the medulla oblongata.
TIME MOMENT 489317918 14 – time confusion
the importance of some processes of sexual development in childhood
growth, which Z. Freud associated with premature maturation.
with grace.
MONOSPECT 498 814 31941 – a unifying term
to denote introspection and extraspection in a certain
sense - as observations of external events, their registration-
tion, which at the same time is a registration of one’s own sensations
observer, - and as observations of one’s own internal
mental states.
MONOTONY 819617 3194 – functional state of the person
love, arising from monotonous, repetitive activities
sti. Characterized by a decrease in tone and susceptibility, weakening
loss of conscious control, deterioration of attention and memory,
stereotyping of actions, the emergence of a feeling of boredom, sweating
increased interest in work.
MONOPHOBIA 498617 918 48 – pathological fear of being alone
nights.
MORALITY 549317 61914 – morality, a set of norms
and principles of individual behavior in relation to society and
other people, is one of the main forms of social consciousness.
nia.
MORALITY AUTONOMOUS 528641 3184 – the rules of which
are set by the person himself and can be changed by him.
HETERONOMICAL MORALITY 528641 31817 – rules of which
swarm is produced by other people and which this indi-
the species considers obligatory and "sacred".
MORATORIUM 89161731814 – deferment of execution of some
loose obligations. In psychology, the term is usually understood in a dis-
expansively metaphorical.
MENTAL MORATORIUM 49861731818 – crisis
the period between adolescence and adulthood during which a person
multidimensional complex processes of acquisition occur
adult identity and a new attitude towards the world.
MORITA THERAPY 319481 61914 – a method of psychotherapy,
created on the basis of the principles of Zen Buddhism using
psychological effects of sensory deprivation. Initially
but was focused on the treatment of such an ethno-specific disease
mental illnesses of the Japanese, such as shinkeishitsu (neurotic
complex with elements of neurasthenia, hypochondria, obsessive-
vosti). The main goal of the method is for the client to achieve not just
well-being, but a change in the way of life itself.
MORTIDO 9189180418417 4184 – attraction to death, attraction
aggressiveness and its energy; one of the most significant mo-
tives of mental life.
BRIDGE OF VAROLIEV 498 617 319 148 – department of the nervous system
central, lying above the medulla oblongata. Contains
contains numerous centers responsible for complex reflexes.
sy.
MOTIV 428 617 319 18 –
1. Motivations for activity associated with the satisfaction of the needs of the subject; a set of external or internal conditions that cause the activity of the subject and determine its direction;
2. An object, material or ideal, the achievement of which is the meaning of the activity, which motivates and determines the choice of the direction of the activity for the sake of which it is performed;
3. The conscious reason underlying the choice of actions and deeds of an individual.
LEADING MOTIVE 519 716 9919 – the main, basic motive
incentive that encourages some activity in the event of its political
motivation.
POWER MOTIVE 591648 319181 – a stable personality trait
nost, expressing the subject's need to possess power
over other people - the desire to dominate, to command-
to manage, to control.
ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVE 489617 31998 (achievement motive
success) – the need to achieve success in various kinds of activities
activity, especially in situations of competition with other people.
mi. A stable motivational personality trait. Opposite to
false motive of avoiding failure.
AVOIDANCE MOTIVE 5986193191 (avoidance motive of failure)
chi) - the desire in any situation to act in such a way as to
avoid failure, especially if the results of the activity are
accepted and valued by other people. Sustainable motivation
vational personality trait. Opposite to the motive of achievement.
success.
UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVE 49861431971– these motives
significantly more than those realized, and up to a certain point
Rasta almost all motives are unconscious.
In essence, this is a special activity that has its own motive –
self-knowledge and moral self-improvement. Motives
the unconscious still appears in consciousness, but in special forms.
max. There are at least two of them: emotions and personal meanings.
CONSCIOUS MOTIVE 5219317 818 14 (motive-goal) –
examples of such are big life goals that guide de-
activity over long periods of life. These are the motives
goals. Their existence is characteristic of a mature personality.
PROSOCIAL MOTIVE 41861731814 – motive of the story
a desire to do something that contains an expressed and conscious desire to do something
good.
MOTIVE-STIMULUS 498688 71918 – secondary motives,
motivating to some activity in case of its polymotive-
vation. They do not so much “launch” as complement
effectively stimulate this activity.
MOTIVATION 48864131811 – it consists of incentives,
causing the activity of the organism and determining its direction
mentality. Conscious or unconscious mental factors.
factors that motivate an individual to perform certain actions
actions and determining their direction and goals. In a broad
In this sense, the term is used in all areas of psychology,
the following reasons and mechanisms of goal-directed behavior
humans and animals.
INTERNAL MOTIVATION 42168171919 – motivation,
which motivates the individual to take action in order to improve his
a state of confidence and independence, as opposed to external
in relation to it goals.
MOTIVATION ACHIEVEMENT 598614319 19 (motivation
achieving success) is one of the types of motivation for action
activity associated with the individual's need to achieve success.
hov and avoid failures; striving for success in various fields
activities. It is based on emotional experiences,
associated with social acceptance of the successes achieved by individuals
view.
MOTIVATION 289174218 319 – rational explanation
the subject of the causes of action by indicating the social
circumstances acceptable to him and his reference group,
that prompted the choice of this action. Differs from the actual
motives of behavior and acts as one of the forms of special
knowledge of these motives.
MOTOR SKILLS 598 611 819 318 – motor activity.
INTERNAL MOTOR 598 611 918 688 – concept for
designations of programs acquired in a person's past experience
to perform motor actions.
COURAGE 5986819 06888914 – personal quality,
expressed in the ability to act decisively and expediently
but in a difficult or dangerous situation, control impulses
strong impulses, to overcome possible feelings of fear and reluctance
confidence in the ability to mobilize all forces to achieve
goals. Its highest manifestation is heroism.
THOUGHT 928 688 714316 – the basic unit, the “molecule”
thinking. Thoughts express the process of understanding the world, other
other people and himself. The basis of thought is the reflection of such
fundamental features of phenomena, such as their similarity and relatedness
ity in time and space, etc.
THINKING 8 9888 418 704 319 is one of the highest manifestations
mental processes, the process of activity of the cognitive individual
species, the process of modeling non-random relationships of external
world, characterized by a generalized and mediated reflection
reality; this is the analysis, synthesis, generalization of conditions and requirements
problems of the problem being solved and the methods for solving it. In this con-
In a discontinuous process, discrete mental operations are formed,
which thinking generates, but to which it cannot be reduced. Mouse-
ment as a process is inextricably linked with thinking as an activity
personality traits – motivation, abilities, etc.
THINKING: SYNCRETISM 8418 704 31991 – character-
sticism of logically undeveloped thinking, expressed in the classi-
the definition of objects and phenomena defined by a certain concept
eat, in heterogeneous, logically inconsistent or even
incompatible characteristics.
UGLY THINKING 8 704 319 814 617 – concept
means thinking free from sensory elements of cognition
- images of perception, ideas and speech constructs
tions.
VISUAL THINKING8 9888 418912 – a way of creativity
solving problems in terms of figurative modeling
ation. The basis of visual thinking is thinking
visual-active and visual-figurative thinking, where
the comparison of actions of the subject-practical and sensory-
external actions are formed by the practical properties of objects
perceptual actions.
DISCURSIVE THINKING 8 18 704 319 316 – form
a thinking strategy that results in
successive enumeration of various options for solving a problem,
most often on the basis of coherent logical reasoning, where each
the next step is conditioned by the results of the previous ones. Often
discursive thinking is opposed to intuitive thinking
tive.
PRE-OPERATIVE THINKING 4319 894171 –
stage of development of a child's intellect from 2 to 7 years. Characteristic
the beginning of the formation of the symbolic function, which allows
allows us to distinguish between the signified and the signifier and serves as the basis
of the representational plan. Initially as a means of designation
the child uses delayed imitation, play symbol, drawing
a clue, a mental image, speech constructions. Due to this, he
can mentally dismember an object and put it together from parts.
INTUITIVE THINKING8 9888 418 4 319 289 – one
of the types of thinking. Characterized by the speed of flow, the absence of
by clearly defined stages, little awareness. Often
Intuitive thinking is opposed to discursive thinking.
gray.
COMPREHENSIVE THINKING 8788 418 704 319 – understanding
to indicate the stage in the development of the child's concepts,
between syncretisms and true concepts. Formed
complexes are characterized by empirical generalizations based on
perceived relationships between objects.
VISUAL-ACTIVE THINKING 598 418 704
319 is one of the types of thinking, characterized by the fact that the solution
tasks are carried out by means of real, physical transformation
of the situation, testing the properties of objects; a form of thinking,
woven into the real manipulation of objects and services
primarily addressing practical issues.
VISUAL-IMAGINATIVE THINKING 8 418 704 319 –
one of the types of thinking is thinking based on
modeling and resolution of a problematic situation in terms of
representations. Associated with the representation of situations and changes
in them. With its help, all the multi-
the diversity of various factual characteristics of an object, because the formation
ze can simultaneously fix the vision of an object with
how many points of view.
PRACTICAL THINKING8 3219 918 614 788 – one
of the types of thinking, usually compared with theoretical thinking
tic: thinking in which problem solving is realized in
external practical activity. Associated with the setting of goals
ley, development of plans and projects and is often deployed at
lack of time, which sometimes makes it even more difficult than a mouse.
theoretical thinking. In contrast to theoretical thinking
The goal here is not to develop new methodological
means that can be transferred to fundamentally different situations
tions.
PRALOGICAL THINKING8 499 418 704 319 –
concept for characterizing the thinking of representatives of pre-civilization
of cultural societies, as if fundamentally different from the thought-
logical development of modern people, - to designate the early
stage of development of thinking, when the formation of its basic lo-
The laws of causality are not yet complete: the existence of causal
the causal relationships have already been realized, but their essence appears in
mystified form. Phenomena are related by the sign
causes and effects, and when they simply coincide in time.
VERBAL-LOGICAL THINKING8 528 9888 418
704 is one of the types of thinking, characterized by the use of
concepts, logical constructions. It functions on the basis of linguistic
of the means and represents the latest stage of the historical and
ontogenetic development of thinking. In its structure, the formation
various types of generalizations are formed and function.
CREATIVE THINKING 8 888 468 704 319 – one of
types of thinking, characterized by the creation of something subjectively new
product and new formations in the course of the cognitive activity itself.
for its creation. These new formations concern the motivation-
vations, goals, assessments and meanings.
THEORETICAL THINKING 18 70 4 319 8 – one of
types of thinking, usually contrasted with thinking
practical. Aimed at discovering the laws and properties of objects
etc. As an example, we can name fundamental scientific
research.
MU-RHYTHM 9181114 319 7 – biorhythm recorded in the region
Rolandic gyrus of the cerebral cortex, changes in the co-
which are associated only with the influence of kinesthetic stimuli
skikh. When performing any movements, the mu-rhythm is always blocked.
is being circulated. In frequency and amplitude it is similar to the alpha rhythm.
_N_
OBSERVATION 289317 498611 – ability,
manifested in the ability to notice essential, characteristic,
even the most subtle properties of objects and phenomena. It suggests
curiosity, inquisitiveness and is acquired in life
experience. Its development is an important task of forming an attitude towards
cognitive and adequate perception of reality.
OBSERVATION 8916918 906 781 –
1. Studying the world at the level of sensory knowledge, purposeful and conscious.
Perception of a certain process with the aim of identifying its invariants
signs without active involvement in the process itself. In the ob-
personality traits of perception, establishment,
innovations, personality orientation.
SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION 898618 718 067 –
with it, attention should be focused on one specific thing
in a given act of behavior in order to describe as accurately as possible exactly
its characteristics, the study of which is devoted to this research
giving.
STANDARDIZED OBSERVATION 498 681 719 4 –
observation of human behavior for scientific purposes
in the presence of a certain observation scheme, which reflects what,
what should be observed, how to conduct the observation and how
present its results.
SKILL 989 061 719 41 (automated action, auto-
secondary cognition) is an action formed by repetition.
characterized by a high degree of development and the absence of
elemental conscious regulation and control.
SKILL: FORMATION: MECHANISM 512 618 718911
– During the development of a skill, many specific phases are distinguished,
united into more general periods.
1. The first period is the initial acquaintance with movement and initial mastery of it. 2. The second period is the period of automation of movement. Here, the complete transfer of individual components of movement or the entire movement as a whole to the background levels occurs.
MOTOR SKILL 488 718 499016 – automation
oriented effects on an external object using movements in
for the purposes of its transformation, which has been carried out many times before.
SKILL INTELLECTUAL 4890 16 319 14 – automatic
Tized techniques, methods of solving previously encountered
mental task.
PERCEPTIVE SKILL 899 716 30917 – automated
bathed sensory reflections of the properties and characteristics of good
familiar objects that have been perceived many times before.
OBSESSION 988061 78806 – characteristics of phenomena and
mental processes, meaning that they are not subject to control
knowledge, their commission against one's will, often in spite of
restraining efforts of the subject (according to the "Dictionary of Russian
language" by S.I. Ozhegov, the word "obsessive" means, in addition to
what, “intruded into consciousness against one’s will, persistent”).
Obsession as a psychological phenomenon manifests itself in
in quite a few different forms.
HOPE 489061 719 88 0618 – emotional experience
a feeling that arises when a subject expects something desired
events; reflects the anticipated probability of its actual occurrence
implementation. It is formed as a result of knowledge of the causes,
catching expected events, or on the basis of subjective
emotional experience accumulated in similar situations in
past. Predicting possible developments, hope
plays the role of an internal regulator of activity, helping
the subject to determine its consequences and appropriateness.
RELIABILITY 3178 719 88 0618 is one of the most important charac-
The characteristics of psychodiagnostic methods and tests are one of
criteria of their quality, related to the accuracy of measurements of psycho-
logical. Reflects the accuracy of measuring psychological and
stability of results to the influence of external factors.
The higher the reliability of a test or method, the more relatively
freer from measurement errors.
SUPERCONSCIOUS 891614 318 911 – not amenable
individual conscious-volitional control of the level of psi-
chemical activity of the individual in solving creative problems.
INTENTION 519314 819 4 – a conscious desire to-
to carry out an action in accordance with the planned program,
aimed at achieving the expected result.
MENTAL TENSION 591 419 – mental
a state of mind caused by the anticipation of unfavorable
development of events. Accompanied by a sense of common
discomfort, anxiety, sometimes fear. Unlike anxiety,
includes the readiness to take control of the situation, to act in
her in a certain way.
DRUG ANALYSIS 489 316 71 – therapeutic direction,
method and technique of modified psychoanalysis performed
against the background of the action of drugs that promote operational
establishing transfer and overcoming client resistance;
This ensures acceleration and increased efficiency
the psychoanalytic session and the entire treatment.
DRUG ADDICTION 518 712618 44 – pathological attraction to
drug use; a disease that occurs
as a result of the use of drugs that cause in small doses
euphoria, and in large ones - stupefaction, drug-induced sleep. Ha-
characterized by an irresistible urge to take drugs,
caused by addiction, which occurs with systematic use
drug use; a tendency towards an increase in the use of
doses, the formation of withdrawal syndrome - with poor self-
feelings in the absence of drugs; with mental and physical
dependence.
ATTENTION DISORDER 498 611 01931 – painful
disorders observed to varying degrees during fatigue and during
organic lesions of the brain - primarily the lobes
frontal. Characterized by inadequate changes in directionality
the intensity and selectivity of activities, coordination of individual
actions. They can manifest themselves in a narrowing of the attention span, its
instability - distractibility by secondary stimuli.
PERSONALITY DISORDER 519361 819 41 – systemic
behavioral disorders - primarily social - are characteristic
for various mental illnesses and local lesions
brain of the brain.
THINKING DISORDER 599 788 319 418 – disorders
in the performance of intellectual operations, due to differences
personal mental illnesses, local lesions-
brain diseases and anomalies in mental development.
SENSORY DISORDER 596 714918 41 – this includes
deafness, hearing loss, blindness, and low vision occur.
SENSORY REMOTE DISORDER
596 714918 48 – this includes low vision, classified as
objects located at a distance beyond physical vision.
or at another time interval.
PHANTOM VIOLATION 489317 918 4 – false
sensations - pain, itching, anemia, cramps, etc. - from the outside
a non-existent body part - for example, after amputation of a limb
nost. They can take on an obsessive, burdensome character.
NARCISSISM 988 061 319 48 (narcissism) – condition and
orientation of libido towards the ego. Normal stage of sexual development
tia. One of the distinctive features of neurotics is a delay in this
stages of psychosexual development.
NARCISSISM: IMPACT 8061 319 48 91 (three blows to a person)
(human narcissism) – In the process of development of science, human-
My pride was dealt three crushing blows:
1) Copernicus's "cosmological blow";
2) Darwin's "biological strike";
3) “psychological blow” – the most sensitive;
inflicted by psychoanalytic theory, which has proven the unconditional
the primacy of the unconscious over consciousness and the leading role of the insomniac
of significant mental processes in the organization of life-
style and behavior.
SECONDARY NARCISSISM 8 061 319 48 – the term means
expecting the phenomenon of repeated narcissism, which arises as a result of
the effect of the direction of the libido from the It to the I. It was interpreted as a desire
ment directed at the Self as a result of “identification”.
COMPENSATORY VIOLENCE 498 688 319 4 – violence,
serving an impotent, life-deprived person in the
a change in productive activity and a way to take revenge on life.
REACTIVE VIOLENCE 598611 819 48 – violence manifested
taken in defense of life, liberty, dignity and property.
So this form of violence “stands in the service of life” and has the goal
preservation.
PLEASURE 519411 819 14 is one of the positive souls
of feelings, in some way associated with a decrease,
a decrease or extinction of the number of differences present in the soul
irritating.
ULTIMATE PLEASURE 519411 819 148 – ultimate
satisfaction from "sexual activity" accompanied by
secretion of sexual secretions.
COPROPHIC PLEASURE 819 317 918 14 –
childhood pleasures associated with defecation.
PRELIMINARY ENJOYMENT 719411 819 181 –
pleasure from the stimulation of erogenous zones, preceding
sexual intercourse.
PERSISTENCE 498114 319 8 – personal volitional quality
quality, characterized by the ability to overcome external and internal
early obstacles - aimed at the unswerving, in spite of
difficulties and obstacles, achieving the goal.
MOOD 898 716 31944 – comparatively long-term
stable, mental states of moderate or mild intensity
intensity, manifested as positive or negative
negative emotional background of the mental life of an individual.
Characterized by diffusion, the absence of a clear conscious approach
binding to certain objects or processes, and sufficient
stability, which allows us to consider mood as a separate
indicator of temperament.
PUBLIC MOOD 598 716 31944 (mood
(mass) - the prevailing state of feelings and minds of those
or other social groups in a certain period of time. Not
not only the most widespread phenomenon of social psychology, but also
one of the most significant forces that motivates people to act
activities that have an impact on the behavior of various groups and
strata of society, as well as classes, nations and even peoples. Manifest-
is present in all spheres of social activity.
OPERATIONAL SETUP 598411 69814 – preparation
to perform an action under given conditions, respectively
which presets precision, tempo, tension,
stability, duration, method and style of the upcoming
activities. During the operational setup, preparation takes place
training of the body's neurodynamic systems.
SCIENCE 528 716 319 81 – Field of activity, main
whose function is to develop knowledge about the world, to systematize it,
on the basis of which it is possible to construct an image of the world - a scientific map
type of the world, and ways of interacting with the world - scientifically substantiated
bathroom practice.
SCIENCE: CLASSIFICATION 716 319 81 88 9 – in a word
"science" also refers to individual branches of scientific knowledge,
mutually differing in a number of essential characteristics.
First of all, sciences differ in their object (from the object
science should be distinguished by its subject: science: object; science: pre-
met). The main scientific objects are: nature (or-
organic and inorganic), and man (society and thinking).
According to this, natural sciences and humanities are distinguished.
tar; the latter are further subdivided into social sciences and
philosophical sciences. Thus, three main sections of scientific
knowledge – three complexes of sciences. In addition to these three main dif-
There are still large sections of the business that stand out - at the junction of the main ones.
Other ways of distinguishing sciences are also possible. Thus, it is customary to distinguish
dividing them into fundamental sciences and applied sciences. In
In all these schemes psychology takes its place. The connection between psycho-
logy with the natural sciences is quite obvious - especially with
biological. Scientific psychology is characterized by borrowing
the application of some general biological theoretical principles
to substantiate the laws of mental development.
SCIENCE: OBJECT 528 716 31819 88 – that side of the action
activity, the study of which this science is aimed. Often
the object is fixed in the very name of the science. But since no-
what science is unable to describe its object exhaustively and
comprehensively, she is forced to limit the scope of her interests,
refusing to study certain aspects of their subject.
SCIENCE: RATIONALISTIC APPROACH 8 716 319
819 – goes back at least to Plato; later bright
representatives are Descartes, Kant and Hegel. He believes that any do-
True knowledge can only come from reason, and only reason
must play a major role in explaining the facts – and in ontology-
in the logical plane, and in the planes of knowledge or action. The best
a way to formulate a problem and try to find a solution
The search consists of finding logical arguments. As a result, the pro-
For many centuries there has been debate about what should be instead of
to observe what exists in reality.
SCIENCE: EMPIRICAL APPROACH 5928 7176 3149 881
– formed the basis of experimentation. It places the main emphasis on
experience and thus differs radically from the rationalist approach.
stic.
SCIENCE: SUBJECT 5328 716 3919 881 – that side or side-
rons, how the object of science is represented in it. If the object is
exists independently of science, then the subject is formed together with
it and is fixed in its conceptual system. The subject is not fixed
of all sides of the object, although it may include what is in
the object is absent, In a certain sense, the development of science is
development of its subject.
HUMANITIES SCIENCE 716 3179 81 – its object is
man steps - human society and thinking. Sciences
The humanities are divided into social sciences and physical sciences.
losophical.
NATURAL SCIENCE 91528 716 319 81 – its object
nature, organic and inorganic, appears.
APPLIED SCIENCE 428 716 319 81 518 – applied
are considered sciences oriented towards practical application
knowledge obtained in fundamental sciences; they serve
directly to the needs of society.
FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCE 8529 716 319 81989 (science
pure) - fundamental sciences are those that explore the world
regardless of the possibility of practical use
knowledge received.
LEARNING 847136 3919 512 – the process and result of acquisition
shadows of individual experience.
VERBAL LEARNING 7136 39129 5192 – learning
through verbal influences: instructions, explanations, descriptions
and so on, without resorting to specific objective actions,
to operant conditioning or conditioned reflex.
VICARRY LEARNING 936 39819 512 – learning through
direct observation of sensory images and
by imitating them.
OPERANT LEARNING 498614 318 12 – type of learning,
occurring due to the spontaneous generation of a multitude by the subject
signs of different reactions to the same situation or
stimulus - with subsequent consolidation of only those that have an effect
are considered the most successful in terms of the effect obtained.
SOCIAL LEARNING 3919 512 498611 – term
means the acquisition by the organism of new forms of reactions through
observation of the behavior of other living beings and imitation
to him.
CONDITIONAL-REFLECTIVE LEARNING
747136 918 417 41 – a type of learning that occurs through the expression of
reactions to new stimuli by the reflex mechanism
conditional.
NEURASTHENIA 4815421181 – one of the types of neuroses, mo-
likely to arise as a result of overexertion or trauma
infections (in children).
NEUROSIS 48154211 is a group of the most common borderline
of neuropsychiatric disorders, psychogenic in origin
kind, but not caused by psychotic states. The emergence
cabins based on unproductive and irrational resolution
neurotic conflict, which is laid mainly in
childhood, in conditions of disturbed relationships with the micro-environment
social, first of all with parents.
NEUROSIS: CAUSE 948154211 – neurosis occurs where
the transition from straight to slow in the sense was not entirely successful
goals of sexual primary impulses; this corresponds to the con-
conflict between the primary impulses absorbed by the I, which
went through such a development, and particles of the same urges that from
repressed unconscious spheres strive for direct satisfaction
satisfaction. The cause of neurosis occurs when two
main components:
1) inherited predisposition to good-
due to the fixation of libido as a result of inherited sexual
constitution and the prehistoric experiences associated with it, and
also infantile experience;
2) accidental traumatic experience.
NEUROSIS: REMISSION SPONTANEOUS 4815421108 (spon-
(spontaneous remission of neuroses) is a process of spontaneous – pre-
property from internal causes - reduction and weakening
painful manifestations of neuroses.
NEUROSIS ACTUAL 4815421129 – a group of disorders,
manifested as immediate somatic consequences
sexual dysfunctions.
NEUROSIS GREAT 481542116 – (the “great neuroses” of our-
time) are the most widespread and significant forms of modern
temporary neuroses, which include:
1) attachment neurosis – the search for love and approval at any cost; 2) power neurosis – the pursuit of power, prestige and possession; 3) submissive neurosis –
automatic conformism;
4) neuroisolation – escape from society.
HYSTERICAL NEUROSIS 548154211 – a form of neurosis, characterized by
characterized by various clinical symptoms. Often manifested
occurs in the form of convulsive seizures, astasia-abasia, hysteria-
cial deafness, blindness, mutism and vegetative-visceral
disorders. This feature is especially characteristic of hysterical
experiences, such as shallowness, demonstrativeness and situational
tive conditioning. Especially characteristic of hysterical children is
enuresis, stuttering, and anorexia may occur.
CLINICAL NEUROSIS 481 54 21 191 is one of the main
forms of neuropsychiatric disorders. The reason for them is so
so-called neurotic conflict, activated in the psy-
traumatic situations. Organic changes in the brain go-
most often absent. Three main ones are distinguished
forms of clinical neuroses: neurasthenia, hysteria and neurosis
obsessiveness.
OBSESSIVE COMPULSION NEUROSIS 4815421148 (neurosis of states
obsessive; neurosis of compulsion) is one of the types of neuroses,
the likelihood of which is especially high in people with three
important, rigid, suspicious character. In addition to the general
neurotic symptoms (irritability, increased
fatigue, sleep disturbances, autonomic disorders)
is the presence of increased anxiety and depression in the subject
dark mood, various content of obsessive thoughts
memories, movements and actions, as well as fears (most often all-
in the form of phobias - such as cardiophobia, cancerophobia, fear
redness), felt as alien and forced to repeat
rying;
OBSESSIVE COMPULSION NEUROSIS COLLECTIVE 481542113
- one of its forms is religion.
NARCISSIST NEUROSIS 148154211 – their distinctive features
The main feature is the fixation of libido in the early phases, preceding
phases of hysteria or obsessive-compulsive neurosis, and its direction
ity on the I, increasing the level of ambivalence of feelings.
The characteristic feature of these neuroses is the active participation of the ego in the origin
symptoms of the disease and their correspondence to the conflict between the Ego and the Super-
I.
NEUROSIS NOOGENIC 64815421 – neuroses generated
loss of the meaning of life.
TRANSFERENCE NEUROSIS 5481542119 – general designation
three forms of neuroses: fear hysteria, conversion hysteria and
obsessive-compulsive disorder. Their origin is explained by conflict-
and the struggle between sexual desires and the instincts of preservation,
conflict between the demands of sexuality and the ego, or
conflict between the I and the Id. Transference neuroses are characteristic
attempts to protect the self from sexuality and in this regard there is a re-
the result of a conflict between the ego and the libidinal attachment to
object. These neuroses are their own subject of psy-
choanalysis.
FEAR NEUROSIS 6848154211 – a form of neurosis that
develops in response to mental trauma and in which certain
the main symptom is the presence of fear of freedom, (syn-
core of fear). In this case, the feeling of fear is either unlocalized, or
bo is associated with a specific organ of the body or a specific situation
tion (for example, fear of heights, enclosed spaces). The most
The usual cause of anxiety neurosis is frustrated excitation.
libidinal arousal is caused, but not satisfied.
is, and the unsatisfied libido directly turns into fear.
NEUROSIS TRAUMATIC 4815421171 – diseases,
occurring as a result of mechanical action, mechanical
trauma. Under certain circumstances, I can be
interested in the emergence and existence of such a neurosis as
a beneficial form of protection from danger.
NEUROSIS UNIVERSAL 48 154 21161 – general, “number
"lective" neurosis with various functions. These include
a religion is carried that effectively protects personal from danger.
neurosis.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROSIS 3148 154211 – causes
produced in animals under special physiological conditions
experimental condition characterized by behavioral disturbance
adaptive, the impossibility of developing new and non-working
the removal of old conditioned reflexes, refusal to eat, vegetative-
disorders and sleep disturbances. As a model of clinical
neuroses in humans, it is used to study the mechanical
bases of higher nervous activity.
NEUROTICISM 598 154211 (neuroticism) is a condition characterized by
thorny emotional instability, anxiety, low self-
respect, vegetative disorders. Neuroticism should not be
it is not to be identified with neurosis, since neurotic symptoms
can be detected by a healthy person. Neuroticism is usually due to
measured using special scales or personality questionnaires
nostnye.
NEUROTIC 54811 319 4 – a person under the influence of
as a result of neurosis, a disadvantaged personality, poorly adaptable
to the external environment, reality; dominant behavior - reactions
emotional-instinctive. This is explained by the predominance
the pleasure principle over the reality principle. Figuratively,
A neurotic is a person who stands in his own way.
NEUROTIC: SEXUAL ATTRACTION 64811 319 48 –
Characterized by the presence of various variations of normal sexual
life and the expression of painful forms.
NEGATIVISM 519 448 9184 – unmotivated behavior,
manifested in actions deliberately contrary to the requirements
the ideas and expectations of other individuals or social groups.
Reluctance to be influenced by other people due to
not by the logic of performing one's own tasks, but by the negative
attitude. It is caused by the action of psychological defense.
in response to influences that contradict the meanings of the internal
him the subject.
CHILDREN'S NEGATIVISM 448 918479 – a form of communication of children
a child in which he tries to defend the rights of his personality
themes of counteracting the demands of others. It may manifest
to be stubborn, rude, and withdrawn.
INDEPENDENCE 598 511 – an alternative to conformity and
negativism - independent development and defense of one's own
position. Does not exclude the solidarity of the individual with the group.
sing, but not under pressure, but on the basis of conscious consent with
her.
NEUROLINGUISTICS 564317 90961 – branch of science, according to
boundary for psychology, neurology and linguistics, studying
understanding the brain mechanisms of speech activity and changes in
speech processes that occur with local lesions
brain of the brain.
NEURON 814 317 914 917 – a nerve cell with all its
sprouts - the basic structural unit of the nervous system.
consists of a body, branching processes - dendrites and a long
sprout - axon, as well as terminal apparatus - synapses. The main
The main function of a neuron is excitation spread along the axo-
well, in the form of short-term electrical signals - impulses
nervous.
NEURON DETECTOR 814 317 914 919 – a nerve cell,
selectively responding to certain sensory signs
complex stimulus.
NEUROPSYCHISM 891491 614 – theory in natural science,
according to which only creatures that possess a psyche have a psyche
nervous system.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY 489 314 818 71 – a branch of science,
formed at the intersection of psychology, medicine (neurology,
neurosurgery) and physiology. Studies the brain mechanisms
functions of higher mental functions based on local lesions
brain of the brain. Considers the relationship between the brain and the psyche-
ki.
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 519 31791814 714 – section of physiological
gyi, dedicated to the study of the nervous system by means of electri-
trophophysiological methods.
INCONGRUENCE 498617 31914 – inconsistency with each other
friend of a person's experience and his ideas about himself.
at the level of manifestations means anxiety, vulnerability, incompleteness
personalities.
NECROPHILE 918 616 0496 (necrophilic) – personality and type
individuals oriented towards love for the dead, towards destruction
tion, destruction and death. The opposite concept is bio-
Phil.
NECROPHILISM 0496 411 06 – 1) sexual perversion,
manifested in the attraction and desire to possess a dead body; 2)
asexual morbid desire to be near corpses,
contemplate them, manipulate them and dismember them.
HATE 498 681 019 4 – persistent active negativity
a subject's feeling directed at phenomena that contradict
his needs, beliefs or values. It can cause
not only an appropriate assessment of their subject, but also an active
activities directed against him.
NEOBEHAVIORISM 319 688 71 9 – a direction in the American
Kansk psychology, which arose in the 30s of the 20th century. Having adopted the main
the fundamental postulate of behaviorism is that the subject of psychology is
objectively observable reactions of the organism to external stimuli
environment, neobehaviorism supplemented it with the concept of variables
intermediate as factors serving as a mediating link
between the impact of stimuli and the resulting muscle movements
ions. Following the methodology of operationalism, supporters of non-
behaviorism believed that the content of the concept of variables
intermediate, meaning "unobservable" cognitive
and motivational components of behavior, it is possible to identify experi-
rimentally by the features determined by means of operations
researcher.
NEOPSYCHOANALYSIS 598 617 31 9 1 –
1. A direction in psychology, psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. Focused on the synthesis of various areas of psychoanalysis for the purpose of a comprehensive explanation of neuroses, including the dynamic interaction of attraction and repression, as well as for the purposes of modern therapy.
2. Sometimes this concept is used to generally designate different
personal new trends in psychoanalysis, mainly oriented
focused on the study of therapeutic aspects.
NEOPHOBIA 498 617 31 – pathological fear of everything
new, unusual.
NEOFREUDISM 591688 41 – a trend in modern
philosophy, sociology, psychology and psychoanalysis, developed-
from Freudianism, whose supporters are trying to overcome
biologism of classical Freudianism and introduce its main principles
placement in a social context.
NYSTAGMUS 519 317 48 – rhythmic movements of the eyeball
loka. Consist of slow movement in a certain direction
and quick return.
NEWBORN 489712 618418 – age period
from birth to four to six weeks of age, during which
which is where the child’s primary adaptation to the external mi-
ru.
NOSOPHOBIA 481542198 is a type of neurosis, characterized by patho-
logical fear of illness.
NONCONFORMISM 319 316 418 – striving for anything
did not contradict the opinion of the majority and act contrary to
in a false way, without taking anything into account. A synonym for the concept of negativity
vism, the antonym of conformity.
NORM 519 514 12 – established measure, average value
something.
GROUP NORM 519 514 1298 – set of rules
and the requirements developed by each actually operating
community; the most important means of regulating the behavior of members
of this group, the nature of their relationships, interactions
and communication.
SOCIAL NORM 5819 514 12 – adopted in a specific
in a society or group, rules of conduct that regulate mutual
relationships between people.
TEST NORM 519 514 98 – average score for
this test of a large group of normal and healthy people
of a certain age and culture - indicators with which
it is possible to compare the test subject's indicators, assessing his level
vein and draw conclusions about whether they are higher or lower
norms. The test norm is the average level of development of a large
a group of people similar to the subject in a number of social and
demographic characteristics.
NORMALIZATION 48519 514 12 –
1. Establishing a standard, a model.
2. Regulation, bringing to the norm, normal
condition.
3. Same as standardization.
GROUP NORMALIZATION 481519 514 12 – social-
a psychological phenomenon that arises as a result of group-
a new discussion, when initially heterogeneous and even ex-
the extreme positions of the participants are smoothed out and acquire cha-
the character of a single, average opinion shared by all.
MORALITY 498104817 9181 – regulating
function of human behavior. Its essence is reduced to the limitation
suppression of desires.
_ABOUT_
GENERALIZATION 498614 312 – a product of mental activity
nost, a form of reflection of the general characteristics and qualities of phenomena
reality. The cognitive process leading to the identification
to the definition and designation of relatively stable properties of external
world. The simplest types of generalization are already realized in
level of perception, manifesting itself as the constancy of perception.
Its types correspond to the types of thinking. Generalization is also
acts as a means of mental activity. At the human level,
human thinking, generalization is mediated by the use of
socially developed tools - methods of activity
cognitive and signs.
GENERALIZATION THEORETICAL 498614 3189 – generalization
based on the identification of essential connections between phenomena
of the external world, indicating their genetic
kinship. It is based on hidden essential properties, which
beyond the scope of direct observation and requiring the introduction of
development of additional principles – generalizing hypotheses. Rea-
is expressed through a concept in which only the sal-
my essential, and the particular is omitted. The ability to generalize
theoretical knowledge is especially intensively formed in the emergence of
growth in adolescence and youth.
EMPIRICAL GENERALIZATION 498614 318 – generalization
a judgment based on directly observed or experienced
properties of objects and phenomena. The use of similar
properties as classification provides a person
the ability to work with a significantly larger volume of items
than is possible in perceptual terms. With the help of class-
sification schemes each new object is recognized as
relating to a particular class.
SMELL 519 418 3194 – the ability to sense odors
substances, perceiving them as odors. Chemicals,
distributed in the form of steam, gas, dust, etc., enter
nasal cavity, where they interact with the corresponding receptors.
frames. In addition to chemoreceptors, olfactory sensations are formed
other receptors of the mucous membrane may also be involved.
oral cavity: tactile, pain, temperature. So,
Some odorous substances only cause olfactory sensations
sensations (vanillin, valerian, etc.), while others act com-
plex (menthol causes a feeling of cold, chloroform – weakly)
reach).
SECONDARY PROCESSING 498 801614 7148 – repeat
the process of changing a dream that begins after
the dream appears before consciousness as an object of perception.
IMAGE 319418 418 – a subjective picture of the world or its
fragments, subjective representation of external objects
world, conditioned by both sensory perceptions and recognitions
both real and hypothetical constructs. Includes the
my subject, other people, spatial environment and
time sequence of events.
IMAGE OF PERCEPTION 43194818 41898 – reflection in the sub-
in the objective plane of real objects or their properties, with which
the active subject interacts.
HYPNAGOGIC IMAGE 965319418 4818 – arises
occurring during dreams and in drowsy states.
IMAGE OF THE WORLD 591498 617 – a holistic, multi-level system
the system of human ideas about the world, about other people, about oneself and
their activities. This concept embodies the idea of integrity
and continuity in origin, development and functioning
spheres of the cognitive personality.
IMAGE OPERATIONAL 899418 418 – reflection in consciousness
the subject of the object or process to which it is directed
but the action. The completeness of the operational image is strictly determined
the need for adequate performance of a specific action,
so that all the redundant features of the subject are not included in it.
due to this, its conciseness and reliability, which are necessary, are achieved
to successfully complete a task under normal or difficult conditions
conditions.
IMAGE OPERATIONAL GLOBAL 319418894 18 –
an operational image that serves as the basis for the implementation of everything
actions. Mainly absorbs the features of the final
states of the subject of action.
IMAGE OPERATIONAL STAGE 319417 994 18 – ob-
once operational, serving as a basis for assessing the current state
actions with some object: recognition of signals,
comparison of the current state of an object with a given one, etc.
IMAGE CONSEQUENTIAL 9319418 41488 – felt-
visual disturbances that persist for some time, usually not
for a long time after the cessation of the stimulus
optical resident.
PHANTOM IMAGE 53119418 418 – illusory sensations
septicaemia in the amputated part of the body. Characterized by the appearance
obsessive sensations of itching, pain, anemia, subjectively localized
located in a remote part of the body.
EIDETIC IMAGE 93194718 418 – subjective
figurative representations of objects or subject compositions,
distinct and detailed, persisting for some time
after the termination of their actual perception. Unlike after
images, independent of eye movements and relatively stable
in time. Most often found in children of younger and
in adolescence, in adults – quite rare.
EDUCATION 598614 3191 – 1. Training, education;
a set of knowledge obtained through special training. 2.
Something formed from something.
REACTIVE EDUCATION 5918614 3191491 – one of
protective mechanisms – a form of psychological protection, characterized by
tering a change in a tendency that is unacceptable to consciousness or
behavior patterns to the opposite; replacement of unacceptable ones
for me the situations are directly opposite.
OBSESSIA 918 422 519 4 (anancazm) is a type of state
obsessive feelings that manifest themselves in experiences and actions that are not
requiring certain situations to arise (for example,
obsessive hand washing; fear of the number 3 because the word
cancer three letters; fear of stepping on the line, etc.).
CONDITIONING 319 418 5191 – formation of reflex-
conditional owls.
OPERANT CONDITIONING 4319 4188 5191 –
a term used to denote a special way of forming conditional connections
zey. In operant conditioning, the animal first produces
there is some movement (spontaneous or initiated by experiment-
mentor), and then receives reinforcement.
LEARNING CAPABILITY 398117 918 – individual indicators
the speed and quality of a person's acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities
kov during training.
TRAINING 319 314 8917 918 – a process of purposeful
transfer (formation) of knowledge, skills, and abilities.
LATENT TRAINING 314 8998417 918 – formed
the development of certain skills in situations where they are directly
there is no need for such use and they end up unclaimed.
mi. Based on the formation of the subject as a result of his actions
the activity of the exploratory-research image of the holistic
situation and their actions in it.
TRAINING IS MANDATORY 14 89 91817 918 – many in-
stinctive actions must go through a period of formation and
training during the individual development of the animal. Such
form and received the name of obligatory education. Examples of ta-
kovogo - the flights of birds, the singing of some birds.
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING 8917 918 819 – a system of method-
and training tools, the basis of which is modeling
the emergence of a real creative process by creating a situation
problem and management of the search for a solution to the problem.
PROGRAMMED TRAINING 419 314 8917 617 –
a system of teaching methods and tools, the basis of which is
there is independent acquisition of knowledge and skills by students
due to the step-by-step assimilation of the material.
SIMULATION TRAINING 519 314 84917 917 – training
a system built on the principle of modeling (imitation)
actual technological process or technical action
devices.
OPTIONAL TRAINING 314 8917 918 9 – pro-
the process of mastering new, purely individual forms of behavior.
Provides much greater plasticity than
compulsory education.
SCHOOL EDUCATION: PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS
HYSICAL 51319 314 8917 918 (psychological readiness for
school education) – the development of the child’s psychological
logical properties, without which successful school work is impossible
mastery of educational activities.
COMMUNICATION 519 317 918 4 –
1. A complex, multifaceted process of establishing and developing contacts between people, generated by the needs of joint activities; includes the exchange of information, the development of a unified strategy for interaction, perception and understanding of the partner. 2. Interaction between two or more subjects, realized by symbolic means, caused by the needs of joint activities and aimed at a significant change in the state, behavior and personality
semantic formations of the partner. Consists of mutual exchange
messages with substantive and emotional aspects.
COMMUNICATION: DEFICIT 5189 317 96818 4 (deficit of public
(nii) - a decrease in the intensity and quality of the child's communication with
other people, usually associated with his stay in children's
closed institutions (hospitals, orphanages, inter-
natakh) or in families where parents or caregivers do not pay attention
the child sufficient attention. Lack of communication, especially in
in infancy and early childhood, usually results in delays
and deviations in mental development.
COMMUNICATION: NON-VERBAL MEANS 519 317 918 45
– this includes gestures, facial expressions, pantomime and other movements
expressive.
COMMUNICATION: STRUCTURE 619 3107 918 48 – from the standpoint of psi-
In social science, the following aspects of communication are distinguished:
1) the communicative side – is expressed in the exchange of information, its understanding; during communication, the addresser and the addressee must use the same sign system; the communicators influence each other, they develop relationships;
2) the interactive side - is expressed in the interaction of partners in organizing and performing joint activities; this side is not limited to the form of communication, the external picture of interaction - the motives, goals of communication of each party, their interaction are also important; research has established such types of interaction as cooperation, competition and conflict;
3) the perceptual side – is expressed in the perception of one partner
nerom in communication with another.
COMMUNICATION: TYPE HOST 5198 3174 918 4 – type of public
with the people around you, which is predominant at this age-
period. Significantly affects the formation of the basic
personal qualities.
COMMUNICATION: LEVEL 5519 412 918 1 – according to one of
approaches, the following are distinguished:
1) macro level – is expressed in the fact that a person communicates with other people in accordance with established social relations, traditions and customs;
2) meso level
- communication within the substantive topic, one-time or
reusable;
3) micro level – the act of contact, the supporting element
content and expressed in certain external indicators
– the simplest elements that underlie other levels:
question – answer, handshake, mimic and pantomime act,
etc.
PHATICAL COMMUNICATION 317 918 4 – meaningless
communication using communication means exclusive
specifically with the aim of maintaining the communication process itself.
COMMUNITY BROTHERLY 518084 31914 – second primitive
a form of human society is a set of related features
bey, led by one of the sons of the previous leader,
who rules, relying on his brothers. It arose from the first
forms - the paternal horde - as a result of killing and eating
"leader" by his sons. This event left indelible marks
traces in the history of human evolution - in particular:
led to the differentiation of the psyche and personality, the emergence of new
feelings, the prohibition of incest, the emergence of taboos; the development of totemism, re-
leagues, morality and social dismemberment.
OBJECT 5891 42194 81 is a fragment of reality that
the activity of the subject interconnected with it is directed. Things,
existing independently of the subject, become objects
as the subject interacts with them.
OBJECT: ATTACHMENT 58191 42194 801 (attached-
(towards an object) is a libidinal connection, a distinctive feature
the essence of which is a stable fixation of the libido at a certain
object or several objects.
OBJECT-LIBIDO 42 194 81 319 - libido directed at
object attached to sexual objects. Being taken away from
objects, again turns into the ego-libido.
REFERENCE OBJECT 8911 42194 81 (object of reference)
(reference decisions) – an individual or group as one of the main
elements of the structure of referential relations with which the subject
the subject of these relations consciously or unconsciously relates himself to
sit, accepting and implementing in behavior standards, norms and values
properties of the object or focusing on them.
SEXUAL OBJECT 91 642194 89 – a term meaning
a person who inspires sexual desire, or from whom
from which sexual attraction emanates.
SEXUAL OBJECT: CHOICE 4280794 81 (choice
love object; double choice of object; – choice of object in
two terms) the phenomenon of psychosexual development - infantile
sexual life, manifested in the choice of an object twice,
in two terms, in two pushes. The first begins at the age of
two to five years and during the period of latent suspension
escalates or even regresses; is characterized by infantilism of sexual
goals. The second begins with the onset of puberty.
losti – the period of puberty – and determines the final
form of sexual life.
SEXUAL OBJECT: CHOICE: PATH 58191 42194 89
(the way of choosing the object of love) - there are two main choices of the object
love, which in turn is also divided into a number of narrow-
corrected paths:
1) narcissistic:
a) that which is itself
you imagine - in your own image and likeness;
b) what it was before;
c) what I would like to be;
d) a person who was a part of himself;
2) supporting:
a) a nursing woman;
b) protecting a man;
c) the entire series of people who will replace them in the future.
SEXUAL OBJECT: CHOICE: TYPE 0421894 617
(type of choice of love object) – two forms of development and orientation
libido realized after the narcissistic stage:
1) narcissistic type - when the place of one's own self is taken by an object that is as similar to it as possible;
2) by type of support – when persons who have become dear due to the satisfaction of other vital needs are also chosen as objects of libido.
SEXUAL OBJECT: THE CHOICE OF THE NARCISSI-
CHESKY 1984019181 – choosing the object of love according to one’s own
his own image and likeness. An attempt to find in him the most
bya, arising from some disturbance of libido.
SEXUAL OBJECT: FIRST CHOICE 80719 418
121 (first choice of love object) – according to psychoanalysis, all-
where it is unconscious and incestuous; in a man it is directed towards the mother and
sister, for a woman - father and brother.
SEXUAL OBJECT: LOCATION: PATH
1 421 94 81 (two ways of finding a sexual object) – pro-
the process of finding a sexual object is, in essence, a secondary
a random encounter (primary – sucking the mother’s breast – becomes
is the prototype of all love relationships), to which they lead
two paths: 1) the path based on early childhood prototypes; 2) the path
narcissistic - who seeks his own self and finds it in
other; this path is especially significant for the pathological outcome.
OBJECTIVATION 481519319 41 – process and result of lo-
localization of images of perception in the external world - where they are located
sources of perceived information are provided.
OBJECTIVITY 31941 891 168 –
1. Actual; independent of the will and consciousness of the subject, the existence of objects, phenomena and processes, their properties and relationships, the entire world as a whole; belonging to the so-called objective reality.
2. The content of knowledge corresponding to the object.
3. Correspondence to objective reality; impartiality, impartiality.
OBJECTIVE 19319041 89 – 1. Existing outside and
independent of consciousness; inherent in the object itself or corresponding to
proper to him. 2. Corresponding to reality; unbiased.
that, impartial.
STUNNING 521 428 91 – disruption of the activity of consciousness
characterized by a sharp increase in the threshold of perception for
all external influences; in this case, perception is difficult, and
actions are slow.
GIFTED 519 514 31988 –
1. A qualitatively unique combination of abilities that ensures the successful performance of an activity. The combined action of abilities representing a certain structure allows for the compensation of the insufficiency of individual abilities through the preferential development of others.
2. General abilities or general aspects of abilities that determine the breadth of a person’s capabilities, the level and uniqueness of his activity.
3. Mental potential, or intelligence; the integral individual-
characteristic of cognitive abilities and capabilities
attitude towards learning.
4. A set of inclinations, natural data, characteristics of the degree of expression and uniqueness of natural prerequisites of abilities.
5. Talent; the presence of internal
conditions for outstanding achievements in their activities. Many
the meaning of the term indicates the multifaceted nature of the problem
holistic approach to the sphere of abilities. Giftedness as a self-
My general characteristics of the sphere of abilities require com-
complex study - psychophysiological, differential-
but-psychological and socio-psychological.
GENERAL GIFTEDNESS 514 31988 317 – integral
assessment of the level of development of special abilities associated with
development of specific abilities, but together they are not quite
dependent on each of them separately.
GIFTEDNESS EARLY GIFTEDNESS 14 319884 18
– special or general giftedness found in children.
The time of manifestation of giftedness in different areas is different.
Giftedness in musical activity manifests itself especially early
sti, then in drawing. In conceptual areas earlier than others
Giftedness in mathematics is manifested. Giftedness is an early so-
is accompanied by a pronounced passion for some activities-
and a tendency to show imagination.
OBSESSION 498617 918 1 – the concept of folk and medium-
of ancient medicine, designed to explain the causes of diseases
niy, primarily mental; implies mastery of evil
spirits of the physical body of a person. From the standpoint of science, in addition to re-
religious and ideological prerequisites, in the genesis of this concept-
the patient's subjective experiences could have played a role in this
for whom illness seems to be something alien, depriving him
power over one's own body.
LONELINESS 591617 88061 is one of the psychogenic factors
tors that influence a person’s emotional state, are found
in changed (unusual) conditions of isolation from others
other people.
UNIQUENESS 591614 318 – in relation to methods
psychodiagnostic means its ability to reflect in its
indicators only that property or phenomenon for the assessment of which
for which it is intended. If, in addition to this, in the indicators of
other, “side” properties of the subject are expressed, which are not related
with this methodology - going beyond its validity, -
then the methodology is not considered unambiguous, although it may
be partially valid.
EXPECTATION 598 688 716 01 – a concept expressing the ability
the ability of a subject to anticipate future events. One of
basic concepts of cognitive psychology.
ILLUMINATION 50816121 0981 (guess, insight) – sudden,
a new thing that arises instantly and cannot be derived from past experience
your understanding, comprehension of essential relationships, tasks,
problems and the structure of the situation as a whole, through which
a meaningful solution to the problem is achieved.
OCULOGRAPHY 521 617 918 448 (normal results) – me-
a method of studying eye movements by recording changes
electrical potential of the retina and eye muscles.
OLIGOPHRENIA 1857422 – a form of mental retardation,
characteristic:
1) totality - everyone turns out to be underdeveloped
neuropsychic processes;
2) the hierarchy of the psychological defect – to a greater extent, there are disturbances in the mobility of internal processes in the intellectual and speech spheres, and to a lesser extent in the sensorimotor sphere.
OLIGOPHRENOPSYCHOLOGY 1422519 – section of psycho-
special gy, studying mental development and the possibilities
the methods of its correction in mentally retarded people with severe
forms of underdevelopment of the brain. Reveals the causes of their
mental retardation (congenital defects of the nervous system,
the result of illness or injury), studies their psychological characteristics
features, forms and degree of expression of the defect, contributes
creation of programs and methods of their training in auxiliary
schools.
OLFACTOMETER 591 688 71 (standard results) - device
to measure the acuity of smell. Particularly common is ol-
factometer. Zwaardemakert - a hollow cylinder with pores containing
a odoriferous substance containing a glass tube
with divisions: as it goes deeper into the cylinder, it decreases in size.
diffusion of a substance through the open opening of a tube to the nose
subject. Unit of measurement of olfactory acuity (olfaction)
expressed in centimeters of tube immersion in the cylinder.
OLFACTOMETRY 488 71 8194 (norm of measurement results)
rhenium on different devices) - the procedure for measuring the acuity
olfactory measurements using special devices – olfactometers.
Depending on the design of the device, different ones are used
units of olfactory acuity.
ONO 918411 618 401 (ID) is one of the components of the structure
personality is a special psychological instance, completely incom-
conscious desires and attractions. It represents a localized
the center of instinctive urges located in the unconscious
- sexual or aggressive - striving for immediate
satisfaction regardless of the subject's relationship to
external reality. The most powerful sphere of personality is not
knowing the flow of time, acting on the principle of pleasure
actions are a complex of various unconscious impulses,
ideas, tendencies, impulses, driving forces of personality
(mainly aggressive and sexual desires), instincts
and other components.
ONTOGENESIS 891 618 718 14 – the process of development of the individual
of the organism. In psychology, ontogenesis is the formation of the basic
the main structures of the individual's psyche during his childhood.
OPERATOR 9181017 98 (human operator) – a person acting
whose work activity consists of interaction with
control bodies of a certain process based on its model
informational.
OPERATOR: RELIABILITY 19181017 988 (reliability of the
operator) is a psychological qualitative characteristic
the attitude of a person as a worker, due to which it is ensured
stable performance of the human-system controlled by it
century – machine" in the entire range of its operating conditions.
OPERATOR: INTERFERENCE IMMUNITY 69181 017 9818
(noise immunity of the human operator) - psychological quality
a qualitative characteristic of a person's readiness for effective
performance of production activities in the presence of interference, characterized by
ristically close to useful signals. Recognition of useful
signals against the background of such interference is associated with strong nervous
tension.
OPERATOR: RECEIVE INFORMATION 179 98488161 (at-
(information by a human operator) is a system of operations of the
cognitive operators used to recognize external signals
his world.
OPERATIONALIZATION 79881 9 848 12 – requirement, which
which scientific concepts must satisfy. It is applied
when introducing new concepts and requires a clear indication of
specific procedures, techniques, methods, or actions, using
with the help of which one can practically verify that this
the concept is not “empty”, that is, the phenomenon it signifies
really exists.
OPERATION 118117 97484 – Structural unit of activity
ness, correlated with the task and with the objective conditions of its implementation
lizations; a method of performing an action determined by conditions
the current – external or mental – situation. In essence,
the operations level is filled with skills and automatic actions
, and the characteristics of the latter are at the same time characteristic
operations. Operations are relatively independent
acts, the content of which does not correspond to the subject of consumption itself
ness, but the conditions in which it is located.
OPERATION INTELLECTUAL 7897484 489 – ter-
min to indicate actions that have moved to the internal plane
and made reversible by coordinating with other mental
actions. When actions pass from the external form
into the interior, they become available for reconstruction.
and conversion (one can imagine the transition of an object into
new state, and return to the original state).
OPERATION SPECIFIC 117 974814 019 – the concept of conc-
concepts of operational intelligence, meaning logical
operations performed on the basis of external, visual data and
typical for children aged 7-8 to 11-12 years. Based on the
by performing specific operations the child gains the opportunity
anticipate the results of your actions.
OPERATION ADAPTIVE 7484119 64 1 – from-
are related to the reactive level of response, hierarchically
my low in the structure of the subject's activity. They arise in
the process of involuntary imitation or adaptation to
subject conditions of the situation (for example, adaptation of the
child to language conditions).
OPERATION CONSCIOUS 7974181401 – is
a consequence of the automation of actions. During repeated
repetitions of some action (for example, when learning to drive
car or letter) the content of its purpose, initially realized
the given takes the place of the condition of fulfillment in the structure of another,
more complex action. Due to the change in the location of the target in
structure of activity, shift of the goal to the condition that occurred
when an action is automated, that action becomes
a conscious operation.
OPERATION FORMAL 918 1149481 9 – stage of development
intellectual development. Typical for a child aged 11-
12 to 14-15 years and represents a system of operations of the second
order, built on specific operations. Having mastered
formal operations, the child can build his own
hypothetico-deductive reasoning based on independent
the careful development of hypotheses and the actual testing of their consequences.
In such reasoning, the possibility of replacing the con-
specific relationships with symbols of a fairly universal character
racter.
RECOGNITION 489712 61841 – the process of referring perceptions
the object being moved to one of several pre-fixed
classes, due to which a meaningful image is constructed
for the perceptual. The most important moment of these processes is the result-
tat comparison of the perceptual description of an object with those stored in
memory standards of description of the corresponding (relevant)
classes.
SIMULTANEOUS IDENTIFICATION 182 61841 418 – attributed
the assignment of a perceived object to a certain class as a result
one-time - instant - spontaneous decision.
SUCCESSIVE IDENTIFICATION 7812 618419819 – attributed
the assignment of a perceived object to a certain class as a result
a detailed - gradual and consistent - analysis of it
signs.
MEDIATION 428614 318 41089 - the relation of one
concept (object) to another, conceivable or cognizable only
through a third concept (object), so that the mediating concept
(object) acts as a basis for the relationship of the original
concepts (objects). Characterizes the structure of a certain process
or activities in terms of achieving certain goals, the result of
tats. The subject embodiment of the structure of mediation is
the remedy is in effect.
ACTIVITY-BASED MEDIATION
14 8160 49164101 is a methodological principle reflecting the de-
termination of mental processes in the consciousness of an individual, as well as
interpersonal processes in groups with content, goals and co-
the social value of the activity performed. Mediation
activity is understood as a system-forming feature
collective, defining its most important social and
psychological characteristics.
SIGNIFICANT MEDIATION 141319 41089 – basic
a concept meaning a way of controlling behavior, implemented
by the individual himself. In this theory, all mental development
is considered as a change in the structure of the mental process
by including a sign (symbol) in it, which leads to trans-
formations of natural, direct processes in culture
nye, indirect.
DEFINITION 890418 9819 741 (objectification) – fi-
a philosophical concept meaning the process in which human
abilities are transferred to the object and are embodied in it,
giving what the object becomes socio-cultural. As for-
activity is carried out, it is objectified not only in the external
as a result, but also in the qualities of the subject of the activity itself: changes
By changing the world, a person changes himself.
SURVEY 98019 614 9817 – a method of psychological study,
during which people are asked questions based on the answers to the questions
which conclusions are drawn about the psychology of the respondents.
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE 614 88 91 9817 – method of social-
psychological research using questionnaires. In the sciences,
cial is carried out to clarify biographical data,
opinions, value orientations, social and personal attitudes
personal characteristics of the respondent.
QUESTIONNAIRE 198 614 98171 – methods, the material of which
present questions that the client must answer,
or statements with which he must agree or disagree
agree.
QUESTIONNAIRE 419 9817 3194 (questionnaire)
– offer the opportunity to obtain information about the client, not
directly reflecting his personal characteristics. This is
There may be biographical questionnaires, or questionnaires of interest.
resources and attitude questionnaires – depending on how much
the specific interests and attitudes identified are related to
personal characteristics proper.
CLOSED QUESTIONNAIRE 1019 6184 98917 (questionnaire type
closed) - involve choosing answers to the proposed questions
questions from the options offered in the questionnaire itself.
CREATIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE 9 6184 98167 – means
diagnostics of the creative abilities of an individual. Represents
themselves lists of situations, feelings, interests, forms of behavior, ha-
characteristic for creative individuals. Questionnaires can be addressed
It can be beneficial to both the subject and those around him.
PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE 198 4614 98178 – class of methods
dick psychodiagnostic, designed to determine
the degree of expression of certain personality traits in an individual
features. A set of methodological tools for studying
and assessments of individual properties and manifestations of personality. Each of
The methodology is a standardized questionnaire consisting of
a set of sentences, the content of which the subject (in-
formant) can agree or disagree.
QUESTIONNAIREPERSONALITYMULTIPHASE
MINNESOTA (MMPI) 19 614 98917 18 – Method of psycho-
agnostic study of individual characteristics and
states of mental personality. During the examination, the subjects
I am presented with 550 statements that model my behavior.
bearing to various life situations, and offers solutions
take one of three answers: "correct", "incorrect" and "not
I can say." Significant answers are recorded using special
nal "keys" and after quantitative processing are entered
on a profile sheet having three evaluation and ten base
scales.
OPEN QUESTIONNAIRE 981019 6184 98917 (questionnaire
open type) – assume a free form of answers to
suggested questions.
TYPOLOGICAL QUESTIONNAIRE 48 98917 918 – developed
are based on the definition of personality types and allow
carry the subjects to one or another type, differing in ka-
qualitatively unique manifestations.
PERSONALITY TRAITS QUESTIONNAIRE 198 6814 91817 – measuring
expressiveness of traits - stable personality traits.
OPTIMISM 498 9171 81948 – as a personality trait reflects
requires proportional development of all mental processes,
provides a person with a cheerful outlook on life, faith in
people, their strengths and capabilities, confidence in the progress of society
of self-confidence, faith in one’s own strengths and capabilities as a subject of action.
activities.
EXPERIENCE 489107191 –
1. The totality of practically assimilated
knowledge, skills or abilities.
2. Obtaining reflection in the result of active practical interaction with the outside world
consciousness of the laws of this world and social practice.
3. Approximately the same as an experiment: reproduction of some phenomenon, creation of something new under certain conditions for the purpose of testing, research.
4. An attempt to do something, a trial implementation of something.
BLIND DOUBLE EXPERIMENT 107191 218 – a special experiment
a mental procedure in which not only the subject is unaware of the
the meaning and features of the experiment, but also the experi-
mentor who conducts it. Thanks to such conditions,
the possibilities of the experimenter's influence on the results are included
you experiment and the indicators of its objectivity increase.
In particular, such conditions can be modeled using
computer.
ORGAN 814 317 914 817 –
1. A part of an animal or plant organism that has a certain structure and performs certain functions. 2. A tool, a means of something.
SENSES ORGAN 214 712 514 312 – nervous devices,
serving as receivers of signals informing about changes
in the external environment (exteroception) and in the subject's body
(interoreception).
ORGANIZATION 918471 318 9421 – psychological aspect
- differentiated and mutually ordered association
individuals and groups acting on the basis of common goals, interests,
owls and programs.
ORGANIZATION: CONFLICT: TYPE 7191 318 94821 (types
conflicts in the organization) - here the basis of the typology is
step:
1) the goals of the parties to the conflict;
2) compliance of their actions with existing standards;
3) the final result of conflict interaction;
4) the impact of conflict on the development of the organization.
ORGANIZATION INFORMAL 4781 3118 9421 –
is a community of people united by personal ex-
boron and direct non-official contacts. Mo-
may arise both within the framework of a formal organization – with the aim of
satisfying the needs of its members that go beyond its boundaries
new, and independently of it - on the basis of off-duty, extra-
professional interests.
ORGANIZATION PREGENITAL 14 3198 9421 17 –
such an organization of sexual life in which genital zones
we have not yet acquired a predominant significance.
ORGANIZATION FORMAL 71 318 9429 – has an ad-
ministerial-legal status, makes the individual dependent
freedom from impersonal functional connections and norms of behavior
nija. In its context, socio-psychological
phenomena conditioned by such relationships as the individual –
position, team – division, leadership – management
etc.
ORGANISM 419 312 819 212 –
1. A living organism is a living body, a living being (plant, animal, human). 2. A set of spiritual and physical properties of a human. 3. A complex organized unity.
ORGANISM: ORIENTATION 12 819 21298 – subjective
localization in the system of temporal and spatial coordinates
nat, produced according to certain characteristics (temperature,
optical, acoustic, electrical nature) using
using innate mechanisms. Innate components
orientations play a special role in animal migrations,
using terrestrial or celestial landmarks, sometimes – magic
the Earth's magnetic field.
ORGONE 519417 819 14 – universal cosmic life-
nal energy is the psycho-sexual energetic basis of human
czech life.
ORDA 981 716319 14 – 1. Obsolete name of the initial form.
we are a public organization: the primitive horde, etc. 2. Unrest
a rank-and-file, disorganized gathering of people.
HORDE OF THE PATRICKS 319 14 819 417 – primitive and first
form of society - a collection of related individuals under unlimited
the reduced dominance of a strong male. As a result of the murder and
the eating of the "leader" by his sons resulted in a transformation into
the second form is the fraternal community.
ORIENTATION 388617 819 14 (orientation) – 1. Define-
division of position in space, initially – relative
but the cardinal directions, especially the east. 2. The ability to understand the ob-
setting. Awareness of something. 3. The direction of some-
second activity.
ORIENTATION: VIEW 56917 8139 14 (principle) – (two views
orientation; two principles of orientation) - the main varieties
the orientation of people in determining their position,
determined by the difference between "herd" and "human"
nature:
1) orientation towards the herd (“towards closeness to the herd”) –
expresses the essence of man as a herd animal, whose actions
are determined by instinctive impulses to follow the
we wait, through contacts with the herd and loyalty to it;
2) orientation towards reason – expresses the essence of man as a thinking being, possessing consciousness, self-awareness, individuality and a certain independence.
ORIENTATION HETEROSEXUAL 5117 819 1469 –
attraction to members of the opposite sex.
ORIENTATION HOMOSEXUAL 816 14 21 148 –
attraction to individuals of the same sex.
VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE 17 819 148 419 –
a system of measures to include an individual in the world of work;
a complex of psychological, pedagogical and medical activities,
aimed at optimizing youth employment in accordance with
according to desires, inclinations and formed abilities
and taking into account the needs of the national economy and the entire society
creatures.
PSYCHOANALYTICAL ORIENTATION 78 894119 148 –
a concept denoting a certain direction of social-
philosophical, psychological and other ideas and concepts: Z.
Freud, his students and followers, reformers and moder-
founders of psychoanalysis, as well as various philosophers, sociologists,
gov, psychologists, clinicians and others, in whose activities ideas
psychoanalysis play a significant role.
PSYCHOSEXUAL ORIENTATION 617 819 148 –
the direction of sexual attraction, the process of its development and for-
we implementation. Its formation covers puberty (12-18
years) and the transitional (16-26 years) periods of sexuality. Its be-
leniye is the final stage of psychosexual development, in which
rum is the formation of a platonic, erotic libido
logical and sexual, and their respective basic manifestations
niya: platonic dreams, fantasies, courtship and communication;
erotic fantasies, caresses and games; sexual fantasies, ma-
sturbation, the beginning of sexual activity, excesses and regular puberty
your life.
VALUE ORIENTATION 781 9 148 191 – concept
social psychology, used in two meanings:
1) ideological, political, moral, aesthetic and other grounds for the subject’s assessment of reality and orientation in it;
2) the way in which an individual differentiates objects according to their significance
sti. Value orientations are formed through the acquisition of experience.
social and are found in goals, ideals, beliefs,
interests and other manifestations of personality. In the structure of activity
they are closely connected with its cognitive and volitional aspects.
rons. Their system forms the substantive side of the direction
personality and expresses the internal basis of its relationship
to reality.
ORIENTATION: TYPE 214 716 319 14 – various strategies
gy of examination of surrounding objects, determining the effect
the effectiveness and quality of the knowledge and skills acquired by the subject
niy:
1) orientation of the first type - is based on random
signs, so learning is done by trial and error and
gives low results;
2) orientation of the second type - is based on features and relationships selected empirically and sufficient only for completing a given task; here learning is closer to adequate, but the results do not have the property of per-
transfer of acquired knowledge and skills to new relationships
nia;
3) orientation of the third type - is based on significant
properties and relationships specifically identified through analysis
internal structure of the given object; therefore, the assimilable
knowledge and skills can be transferred to new, changed conditions
Vija.
WEAPON 596 317 819 148 –
1. A technical device with the help of which some work or action is performed.
2. Figuratively - a means to achieve some goal.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TOOL 528 912 614 18 – element
structure of the mental function, role similar to a tool
labor in the structure of human labor activity.
MEANINGFULNESS 298678 919 148 – a property of perception,
existing at the level of consciousness and characterizing personality
level of perception, is the ability to attribute to perceived
my object or phenomenon a certain meaning, to designate it
in words, to refer to a certain language category.
BASIS 592 541 619 18 – 1. The source, the main thing on which to build
something is; that which is the essence of something. 2. Outcome
the main points of something.
AGE FEATURE 319 1418 914 17 – in psycho-
ologies are specific properties of an individual’s personality, his psyche-
ki, changing regularly during the change of age stages
development. Their characteristics are based on the identification of psychological
the logical content of the process of development of cognitive abilities
ties and personality formation at successive ages
stages of ontogenesis. Age-related features form certain
a complex of diverse properties, including cognitive
motivational, emotional, perceptual and other
characteristics of the individual.
REMAINDER OF THE DAY 528 614319 12 – from daytime impressions
laziness that became the reason for the formation of the dream.
TOUCH ACTIVE 918491 – method of formation
tactile image of some object by its intended
palpation. In this case, the leading role is played by sensations
kinesthetic.
TOUCH INSTRUMENTAL 528 617 31918 –
the process of forming a tactile image of some object
and with the help of auxiliary tools" when tactile sig-
The sensations are transferred to the hand from the palpated object through this
weapon.
TOUCH PASSIVE 91 617 318918 – the process of formation
formation of a tactile image of some object as a result
moving it relative to a stationary hand or fingers.
Here, tactile sensations play one of the leading roles.
SELECTION 508 614 319 18 – selection of something, someone from
some environment, a common number, from some set on the basis
new some criteria, features.
NATURAL SELECTION 5108 6814 319 18 – concept,
according to which individuals least adapted to survival
in these conditions, they die out or are exterminated and thus
we are eliminated, giving way to more adapted ones,
giving their characteristics to their offspring.
PROFESSIONAL SELECTION 15089 319 18 – miscellaneous
the visibility of psychological selection is the adoption of personnel decisions
based on the study and predictive assessment of suitability
people to master a profession, to perform professional
responsibilities and achieving the required level of skill.
It is a system of tools that provide forecasting
static assessment of the interrelationship between a person and a profession in
those types of activities that are carried out within the normatively specified
hazardous conditions (hygienic, microclimatic, technical)
(logical, socio-psychological), requiring increased
responsibility, health, efficiency and accuracy of use
completion of tasks, stability of emotional-volitional regulation
tions.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SELECTION 508 614 418 189 – acceptance
decisions on the suitability of candidates for academic or professional
of the national activity, taking into account the results of psychological and
psychophysiological tests. It is used in management,
industry, aviation, army, sports, when completing non-
of which educational institutions.
LIABILITY 517 314 81911 – implemented in different
in certain forms of control over the activities of the subject from the position of
compliance with the accepted norms and rules.
REFUSAL 31918 617 19 – fact (indicator), testifying-
indicating that some desire cannot be satisfied.
FORCED REFUSAL 16178 19648161 – act and experience
the refusal to satisfy drives generated by displeasure
favorable intrapsychic or external circumstances
properties, or a combination of them.
REFUSAL FORCED REAL 6178 191 519413 –
a collective concept meaning a variety of negative
conditions and factors that contribute to the development of the disease.
These may include: lack of love in life, material
disadvantage, family discord, unhappy marriage, un-
favorable social conditions, strict moral standards
requirements for the individual.
RATIO 528 147 818 14181 – subjective side
reflections of reality, the result of human interaction
with the environment. In psychology - in the most general sense - the mutual arrangement
relation of objects and their properties. The relation can be present
as between changing objects, phenomena and properties
(for example, any law as an essential relationship between phenomena
(niami), as well as in the case of a selected unchangeable object in its
connections with other objects, phenomena and properties (for example,
the attitude of the subject to the political system).
MATERNAL RELATIONSHIP 71 8189 141871 – type of relationship
zi and psychotherapeutic reception aimed at establishing
the establishment of a relationship between a doctor and a client similar to that between
mother and child pits.
INTERGROUP RELATIONSHIP 47 818 1841319 – in psi-
chology is a set of socio-psychological phenomena,
characterizing subjective reflection, perception of multi-
various connections that arise between social groups, and
also the way in which groups interact that they determine.
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP 1847 8198 7181 (personal-
nost) - subjectively experienced relationships between people
we, objectively manifested in the nature and methods of mutual
influences of people in the course of joint activities and communication.
system of attitudes, orientations, expectations, stereotypes, etc.
dispositions through which people perceive and evaluate
each other. These dispositions are mediated by content, goals,
values and organization of joint and pro-
are the basis for the formation of the socio-psychological climate
in a team.
INTERETHNIC RELATIONS 528 147 818 4849 –
subjectively experienced relationships between people of different backgrounds
nationalities, between ethnic communities. Manifestations
in attitudes and orientations towards interethnic contacts in different
areas of interaction, in national stereotypes, in moods
in the actions of people and specific ethnic groups
communities.
SUBJECT-REFLECTIVE RELATIONSHIP
55298 318712 – internalized system of reflexive connections
subject with other people, based on the ability to think-
a clear reflection of the position of the “other” or his ideas
about the peculiarities of one's own vision of a subject, object, pro-
problems. These relationships are a necessary component of activity
cognitive subject, because the reconstruction of the views of others
people on the subject under consideration allows us to see in it
new aspects, stimulates critical thinking, makes possible
possible reflection in the form of an internal dialogue with others
significant.
REFLECTION 519614319 1 – a universal property of matter,
standing in the ability of objects to reproduce (with varying
degree of adequacy) signs, structural characteristics and
relationships of other objects.
MENTAL REFLECTION 9614431981 2 – when moving
in the course from the biological form of reflection to the mental isolation
the following stages occur:
1) sensory - characterized by reflection from
specific stimuli: response only to biologically
significant irritants;
2) perceptual - the transition to it is expressed
is limited in the ability to reflect a complex of stimuli as a whole;
orientation in the set of features begins, reacting
and to neutral biological irritants, which are
only signals of vital irritants;
3) intellectual – manifests itself in the fact that in addition to the reflection of individual objects, a reflection of their functional relationships and connections arises.
RESPONSE 819 417 319 14 – the process of manifestation
external experiences, accompanied by sharply colored emo-
tion; emotional release associated with a traumatic so-
being.
DENIAL OF REALITY 419 716 91891 – mechanism
protective, denying the existence of threatening external
factors.
BACKGROWTH 498792 618 19 – location, placement
at a lower level of development compared to others.
MENTAL RETARDATION 792 6181 19 – disorder
development of the general - mental and intellectual, conditioned
caused by insufficiency of the central nervous system. It has
persistent, irreversible character.
EMPTYING 891 618 017 21 – the process of weakening the censorship
and the formation of a compromise. Sometimes it is understood as a process
transformations of affects that occur during the development of the individual.
Repression is the basic pattern of the emergence of dreams and all psi-
chopathic representations.
SPEECH REPORT 218617 31918 (subjective report, for now-
subjective knowledge, given phenomenal, given self-observation
(dénération) – the subject’s message during naive (non-introspective)
(non-analytical) installation.
ALIENATION 41811873 198 – the process and the result of pre-
rotation of properties, abilities and activities of people into something
other than it is in itself - transformation into an independent
force that dominates people. In psychology, it is a manifestation
such vital relations of the subject with the world, in which
the products of his activity, himself, as well as other individuals and
social groups, being the bearers of certain norms,
attitudes and values are perceived as being opposite to it
himself - from dissimilarity to rejection and hostility. This is an expression
is felt in the corresponding experiences of the subject: feelings
isolation, loneliness, rejection, loss of self, etc.
ERROR 987 611 3054 – incorrectness, incorrectness in action
actions, thoughts.
OPERATOR ERROR 118 611 3054 – exceeding the set
the new limit value, which violates the normal
functioning of the ergatic system. To characterize
situations where the error reaches values that make it impossible
it is possible to achieve the goals for which the system of er-
gatic, the concept of "operator failure" is used.
STIMULUS ERROR 498712 3054 – introspection response
tive experiences, expressed in terms of external sensory
niy, and not in terms of one’s own sensations and their qualities.
a well-known term in introspective psychology, reflecting its
atomistic orientation.
FEELING 519671 319 14 – construction of images of separate
properties of objects of the external world in the process of direct
personal interaction with them.
FEELING: INTERACTIONS 3198 14 814 – their laws
The numbers show how the thresholds of perception change when
the simultaneous action of several stimuli.
SENSATION: DURATION 71 319 14 89148 – special
a peculiarity of perception, which consists in the fact that the time interval,
during which the sensation exists, as a rule, does not coincide
with the duration of exposure to the stimulus. The sensation arises
it appears after some time after the start of the impact, and it may disappear
may occur only after some time after the exposure has ceased.
SENSATION: INTENSITY 8914 31 71 369 141 –
the degree of subjective expression of the sensation associated with
which irritant.
SENSATION: CLASSIFICATION 671 319 1412 – section
the evaluation of sensations according to the criterion of correlation with analyzers,
responsible for their appearance. Thus, the sensations of visual
physical, auditory, tactile, gustatory, olfactory, sensory
prioroceptive, motor, etc.
PAINFUL SENSATION 1 3194 14 819 – sensations, charac-
are suitable for such influences that can lead to disruption of the central
the body's density.
KINESTHETIC SENSATION 19 14519 614 – sensation
signals that provide the subject with information about movement and position
his own body. They arise from irritation of the proprioceptive
tori located in muscles, tendons, joints and ligaments
kah.
ORGANIC FEELING 319 671 391 14 – feeling
indications of the occurrence of certain processes in
organism and related to organic needs. They can
be local in nature and encourage the replenishment of some
of a specific substance that the body lacks. These include
usually include feelings of hunger, thirst, pain and
sensations associated with sexual activity.
TACTILE SENSATION 1319 148 1619 – skin shape
sensitivity, caused by the work of two types of receptors
tori:
1) nerve plexuses surrounding the hair follicles;
2) receptors consisting of connective tissue cells cap-
Sul. The sensations caused by touch have different character.
pressure, vibration, impact of texture, etc.
TEMPERATURE SENSATION 9 14 5819 61419 – type
skin sensations, manifested primarily in sensations
heat and cold.