The work provides numerical series, using which in accordance with the terms, definitions and concepts in business, you can successfully develop your own business based on the technologies of eternal development.

The economy is considered as all kinds of activities of people, human society as a whole, which allow people and society to supply themselves with material resources for life. At the same time, the economy of eternal development is aimed primarily at the reproduction of non-renewable resources by natural means, necessary for eternal development. Then the economy of eternal development determines the need to obtain funds for the sphere of life that is restored and created by natural, social, man-made methods. Man is the basis for the implementation of such an economy.

Since the ideas and practical actions of people aimed at eternal development create the economic structure of a society of eternal development.

The totality of human needs is extremely broad, numerous, constantly growing, becoming more complex. In the economy of eternal development, it is important, in accordance with the goal, to develop

methods of creative and reproducible satisfaction of needs. Thus, the immutable fact is considered - the infinity and constancy of the growth of human needs.

Numerical series implement the solution of the problem of the best, optimal, more efficient use of limited, often rare, resources of economic activity and the management of this process to achieve the goal of maximum satisfaction of the growing and unlimited needs of man and society during eternal development.

The numbers for successful business given in this book can be used as follows:

– Before acting in any area of ​​commodity-money

relations , even in the case when they do not relate to business,

you can mentally pronounce the following numerical series, realizing eternal development through the economic sphere:

289 471 314917.

– Gaps in the series related to the economy of eternal development, along with the numbers of the series, can be perceived as areas of receipt of the necessary monetary and other funds to ensure eternal life. In this case, the control information from the gap has a more generalized nature. Conceptually, this information means that in the economy, the internal space not filled with information can always be filled with data for eternal development.

For success in business, it is advisable to read the book in its entirety while mentally pronouncing the number series. In some cases, the perception technique is effective, expressed in the fact that you perceive the echo from the mentally pronounced number series. Echo in the collective consciousness refers to the consequence of events occurring in the present with sound, that is, it is perceived as an element of a future event. Using this, you can try to build a control forecast of events in the economic sphere, using number series corresponding to terms and concepts. To do this, before starting to mentally pronounce the series, you need to pronounce the numbers 889491 and then mentally pronounce the numbers of the series.

At the moment of pronouncing the numbers, you can use the control series 91688 towards the norm of eternal development, if you feel resistance. If, when pronouncing a series corresponding to a term or concept, a light blue color is perceived, then the situation can be adjusted at the speed of control in real time. When perceiving shades of dark colors, it is better to devote time to additional event management. Over time, you can learn to perceive any details of information that cause unnecessary situations and, as far as possible, adjust them in advance to the norm. In technologies of eternal development, the main thing is to be able to provide the main platform necessary for eternal life, and in this case, control to the norm must be achieved. When using numbers to improve business efficiency, you can mentally create control geometric images built in the form of mental images of real events.

That is, you can, for example, symbolically imagine an enterprise, document turnover, funds, a specific document of interest to you, or a specific event. Then, mentally moving the indicated objects in the control space of thinking, you need to achieve the desired result. You can also mentally connect the imagined objects with light beams, mentally move the object higher if you need to get more information about the object.

With a certain amount of practice, it is enough to simply imagine the space of your thinking as an object in this method of

management . In this way, you will be able to improve your thinking by working with the space of thinking. Such practice is useful for rejuvenation in eternal life and increasing the efficiency of

thinking through self-management. Since with this method of

action in managing thinking, spiritual action can be applied. A spiritualized thought can more effectively implement the practice of eternal development.

Since a thought can be perceived verbally, then a word spoken from such a thought has the same level of

eternity as a spirit, due to the fact that it has the property of self-creation. This means that by mentally speaking a word prepared in this way, one can achieve eternity in those events that this word or sentences made up of such words concern. You can use such spiritual words before each action in the field of economics and in other areas to implement your eternal life and all others. Establishing the reality of eternal life happens faster for everyone when you bring the action of the spiritual word to yourself. By managing with the help of numbers from the area of ​​thinking that creates the spiritual word, you significantly increase the effectiveness of business in the area of ​​eternal development.

In cases where your actions in any economic area, including business, concern the terms or concepts described in this book, you can mentally pronounce the numbers of the series related to these terms or concepts before starting the action.

Understand them when considering any economic issue. You can consider numbers as forming elements of goods and services. Then, imagining, for example, a new model of a car consisting of numbers at the level of thinking, one can learn to identify the defects of the car and its prospects for business at the level of the spirit. All other areas of business can be perceived in a similar way. In this method, the numerical series corresponding to a term, concept, event or area of ​​business essentially control the designated masses of numbers in the direction of eternal development.

By using this method, you will eventually learn to evaluate the mass value of the described numbers, because you can evaluate the mass of objects around you. Intuitive thinking, on which success in business often depends, will be systemic in this method, which means accurate for business. Since intuition in this method functions on the basis of specific numerical masses, that is, according to the laws of the logic of cause-and-effect events. Considering that intuition in business, in essence, is a form of managing largely random events of the future, the method is transformed into a way of controlling, among other things, random events through logic. This is very important, since when implementing eternal development, the logically set task of eternal life must necessarily be accomplished with an infinite number of random events in the future.

It is possible, perceiving numbers, to find shades of white in them, through which to spread the light of your consciousness to the area of ​​​​implementing business projects. The creators of the action are that by perceiving other color characteristics of the light of your consciousness, you can understand the deep meaning of a business project that takes into account the methodology of eternal development in the systemic connections of the entire world. Understanding this accelerates the implementation of your business plans.

The numbers given in the work are in certain cases described by the methodology of their application. If the numbers are after a sentence, term or concept without description, then all methods of their use described in the book are applicable to them. In this case, the use of numbers means that the definition or event recorded in the sentence, term or concept by means of a number series is brought into the area of ​​​​the norm for eternal development in case of deviation from the norm. It is aimed at achieving a successful business of eternal development in other

cases.

Business processes use definitions that can be applied in the following way to ensure eternal development:

Labor is the expenditure of a person's physical, intellectual and spiritual energy for creative purposes. Labor in the production process is characterized by intensity and productivity. The numerical series for the restoration of such energy is:

8918 014 915 6481.

Labor intensity is its intensity, measured by the degree of expenditure of labor force per unit of time. The series of increasing the intensity of labor with the simultaneous restoration of workers' health, sufficient for their eternal life, is as follows: 814 3198904671891481. The increase in the intensity of labor, containing the implementation of the principle of immortality, which in addition to ensuring normal health also includes the absence of events that can harm life, is determined by the following numbers: 419 318 88941898. It is important to take into account that this series applies not only to labor in production, but also to any human activity in general. Before starting any action, with the goal of your eternal life, you can mentally pronounce this series or the first three numbers of series 419, implying at the level of consciousness that behind these three numbers there are other numbers, using which you achieve eternal development. At the spiritual level of management, when using this series, information is created that in general all numbers and any combinations of numbers are aimed at eternal development.

From this spiritual state, you move with your consciousness into the area of ​​your perception, which contains knowledge about how, from the objects of physical and spiritual reality, by analogy with the use of numbers for eternal development, you can distinguish areas of knowledge and action for your eternal development. Using these areas, you understand that eternal life is a reality created by human activity taking into account data about the world around him. For the non-dying of another person, you can use the same series with the addition of seven numbers 2890618 after the series. That is, mentally pronounce the number series 419 318 88941898 2890618 for the purpose of non-dying of another person. Labor productivity is its effectiveness, measured by the amount of goods produced per unit of time. Ensuring the necessary labor productivity for the eternal life of people is determined by the following series: 319 814.

Earth - natural natural resources. The protection of the Earth and the

restoration and increase of natural resources in the process of eternal development can be carried out by education, the development

of such a state of mind in which it is realized in a controlling way that physical presence on Earth must be accompanied by care for the Earth. The numerical series for this is as follows:

914712 819 19 84.

It must be realized that we are also talking about protecting

the Earth from external threats from space. Such a spiritual state

has a direct controlling effect in the direction of ensuring the

eternity of the Earth simultaneously with the eternity of man and organizes people to perform the tasks of eternal development in all areas

of their physical and spiritual activity. Generally speaking, with eternal development, ensuring the eternity of existence of natural and artificially created objects of outer space, with the use of which the eternal life of man is realized, is also a corresponding level of spiritual development.

Capital is the means of production created by people and money used in the production of goods and services. For the development and increase of capital in the implementation of eternal life, we apply the following number series: 819048 714 391. It can be used in analytical work, before specific transactions and other events related to capital.

Entrepreneurship is an activity aimed at obtaining income, profit. In the system of eternal development, obtaining income is accompanied by the distribution of part of it for the implementation of methods and ways of eternal life. Entrepreneurial activity is expressed in the organization of production in accordance with the set goals. The digital series of successful entrepreneurial activity for eternal development:

917 498 814316.

Technology is the methods of influencing resources in the production process. New technologies created by man expand the possibilities of using the properties of resources and allow

to develop waste-free, low-waste, environmentally friendly

technologies. Technologies of eternal development include all

means and resources for ensuring eternal life. Technology management in the direction of eternal development can be done

by means of the numerical series 9187144 319 19.

Energy is the driving force that transforms natural resources in order to create benefits. The energy necessary for the eternal

life of each person is in the area of ​​harmonious interaction of people with the environment,

aimed at achieving eternal development. The method of obtaining energy sufficient for the eternal development of all is expressed by the following numerical series: 918 09814. This numerical series can be repeated mentally several times a day during any activity and rejuvenation can be achieved with its use.

The information factor is the search, collection, processing, storage

and distribution of useful information necessary for human production activities. In the system of eternal development,

it often forms the effectiveness of eternal development methods.

The role of this factor in modern conditions has increased sharply and affects the entire market economy, predetermining

the choice of consumers and producers at the microeconomic

level. To form the information factor of eternal

development, you can use the numbers 964 819 3189891. This series with the addition of three numbers 914 in front of it can be used in

resurrection processes when doing business. Resurrection of people for a successful business is important, since it allows you not to lose specialists and ordinary workers who are able

to work in the chosen business area. Therefore, in business areas, the approach to resurrection issues should be pragmatic and

businesslike, based on the task of making a profit. The implementation of the task of resurrecting people in business technologies can be done by specially orienting the information factor to this.

Ecology is the interaction of man with the environment.

Any human production activity is directly or indirectly related to the impact on the environment. For eternal development, ecology must correspond to the task being performed.

The numbers of ecology of eternal development are as follows:

31914 51678109849.

The result of the interaction of production factors is the

creation of goods, the direction of which for eternal development

is determined by the numerical series 913 518 906318.

The numbers corresponding to the terms are used to ensure eternal development with the help of concepts and processes described by these terms.

Control numbers of definitions:

1

ADVANCE PAYMENT 914719318 916 – preliminary payment of a sum of money towards wages or part of the contract price for the development of a project, order, etc.

AUTOMATION 519319718 49 – the use of machines, mechanical engineering and technologies for the purpose of implementing production, management and other functions under the direct control of a person.

AUTOMATION OF PRODUCTION 516318719419817 – a process of machine production in which technological

operations, management and control are carried out using machines, mechanical engineering, devices and automatic

devices.

AUTOMATED DATA BANK 519617 – systematized information (software, methodological, technical, philological, economic, etc.), accumulated and used to ensure the timely satisfaction of the needs of interests in various forms of activity.

COPYRIGHT 519 418 712 – the right of a legal entity or individual to publish and sell the results of creative and intellectual work.

ASSETS 516 719418 – material assets, cash, property used for settlements on payments and repayment of debt on obligations.

ADMINISTRATIVE-COMMAND ECONOMY

519648319 817 – an economic system based on the concentration in the hands of the state of all developed and approved economic directives in the field of production, distribution and exchange of material goods.

LETTER OF CREDIT 519481919 89 – a document containing an order from one credit institution to another on the payment to the holder of the amount specified therein.

ACT 984 316 519880168 – a document drawn up by a commission of several persons and confirming established facts or

events

ASSET 319819497817 – the left side of the balance sheet,

which reflects the property rights of an enterprise and includes

fixed assets, standardized and non-standardized working capital and other assets.

ACTIVE PART OF FIXED PRODUCTION

ASSETS 519317498516481 – a component and leading part of fixed production assets, which serves as a basis for assessing the technical level of production capacities.

ACCEPTANCE 51831849561471 – consent to conclude an agreement under certain conditions; a form of non-cash payments.

EXCISE TAXES 518716319419819 – a type of indirect tax that is an integral part of the selling price and is fully deducted to the budget. Mainly imposed on consumer goods.

JOINT-STOCK COMPANY (JSC) 5163184101482 is an organizational form of capital concentration of enterprises, legal entities and citizens, which is the basis for the formation of the authorized capital by issuing and selling JSC securities (shares, bonds, etc.) in order to create fixed production assets (fixed capital) and working capital (working capital).

SHARE 617319819491 is a security certifying the right

to receive part of the profit in the form of dividends.

ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY 561418519471 is the most rational distribution of organic resources in the direction of their final use.

DEPRECIATION FUND 489317519814 is cash

resources intended to replace fixed production assets.

DEPRECIATION 519318491417 – gradual transfer

of the cost of fixed production assets to the pro-

duced product or service in order to accumulate money for their further full restoration.

ANALYSIS OF CURRENT MARKETS BY OBJECTS

514819319617 – involves the implementation of the corresponding

types of work on the following research objects: the sphere of commodity circulation – the procedure of purchase and sale to ensure

profit; the product of labor created for exchange and sale; legal entities or individuals consuming prod-

ucts of production; competition.

RISK ANALYSIS 819498519614 – study of possible

reasons for occurrence of material or financial losses as a

consequence of unforeseen changes in the economic situation.

ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF AN ENTERPRISE 589614219712 – method of comprehensive study of results of activity of an industrial enterprise and its divisions.

ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF A COMPETITOR ENTERPRISE 598317984314 – direction

of scientific research of current and strategic development plans of a rival enterprise.

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS 598492564317 – study

of directions of ensuring stability of financial position

of an enterprise.

ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICE 491318516497 – organizational work on planning and implementing measures

to reduce and completely eliminate periodically arising problems associated with competition in the market.

ANTI-MONOPOLY POLICY OF THE STATE

59831849714 – government policy aimed at

developing competition and creating restrictions on the monopolistic activities of participants working in a market economy.

LEASE 49718016541 – temporary transfer by the owner of the property (lessor) of the legal right to use

land, buildings, structures, tools and other active

elements of fixed production assets to another person (lessee).

RENT 71931851481 – remuneration paid by the lessee for the right to use the leased property.

ASSECURITY 54831489518 – insurance of finished products, movable and immovable property.

ASSORTMENT 49131851847 – products of the same name,

grouped according to certain characteristics: quality, brand,

size, type, etc.

CERTIFICATION OF WORKPLACES 518648798181 – assessment of workplaces based on a set of technical, economic and organizational indicators for the development of a plan of organizational and technical measures to ensure their compliance

with modern requirements for working conditions and, if necessary, replacement of inefficient operations of the labor process.

AUDITOR 319471897185 – organization, service, auditor-accountant, performing audit of financial and economic

activities of enterprises, banks, etc.

AUDIT SERVICE 514318519417 – individuals or

legal entities that have permission from government agencies to perform the function of auditing the state

of the financial and economic activities of an organization.

AUCTION 598491319814 – a type of sale of goods

(property) based on a preliminary inspection of auction

objects put up for sale.

2

BASE 318471819712 – economic indicators used

as a basis for comparison with other indicators.

TAXATION BASE 718481061498 – the total

income of individuals or legal entities subject to taxation.

BASIC TERMS OF DELIVERY 514031489604 – special terms of sale and purchase, which are formalized in the form of an agreement (contract).

BASE YEAR 581318718492 – year taken as a basis

for calculating the rates of change of indicators and indices.

ACCOUNTING BALANCE SHEET 481617319514 – an integral part

of accounting.

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE BALANCE SHEET 71948919814 – financial result of the enterprise’s activity, estimated in monetary

form on the basis of a system of technical and economic indicators

SUPPLY AND DEMAND BALANCE SHEET 471819514317 – one of

the conditions for regulating a market economy, which reflects the compliance of the volume of manufactured products with the structure

of demand.

BOOK VALUE 51489149489 – initial

cost of fixed production assets (fixed capital), which includes the cost of acquiring tools

(for buildings and structures – estimated cost of construction) taking into account their transportation and installation.

BANK 318614564817 – credit and financial institution, the most important functions of which are accumulation of temporarily

free funds and their provision on credit to other organizations.

INVESTMENT BANK 319491819498 – bank issuing loans and investing in fixed assets;

plays an active role in issuing and placing investors' shares.

BANK LOAN 31848561947 – the sum of money

provided to individuals and legal entities for a certain period of time at a set interest

rate.

BANKRUPTCY 58941418517 – insolvency, the inability of a legal entity to pay its debt obligations due to the lack of funds.

BARTER TRANSACTION 487198598641 – direct non-monetary

barter of goods. The main reason for barter transactions are

currency and monetary problems.

"CAPITAL FLIGHT" 48131951847 – the export of real money or currency from the state to other countries in order to avoid losses from possible economic or political

crises.

UNEMPLOYMENT 318514517618 is a socio-economic phenomenon caused by a reduction in the level of employment of the working-age population willing to participate in social

production.

BREAK-EVEN POINT 714819319471 is the volume of sales of goods, the proceeds from the sale of which are identical to the costs of production.

BUSINESS 194198514716 is an economic activity carried out at the expense of own or borrowed funds at one's own risk and under one's own responsibility in order to obtain income, profit.

BUSINESS PLAN 486148519819 is the main program of the company's entrepreneurial activity, including economically

justified organizational and technical measures.

BANK Ticket 314816719481 – a type of money issued for the implementation of loan operations

on the security of goods, bills of exchange; paper money (banknotes), the issue of which is predetermined by circulation and payments.

CREDIT Ticket 714819648514 – a debt obligation

replacing money.

EXCHANGE 689714891491 – a form of a permanent system of purchase and sale based on the conclusion of a bilateral agreement.

LABOR EXCHANGE 719481519016 – a state organization,

whose work is aimed at satisfying the need for labor resources through the wide dissemination of information on the availability of vacant jobs.

FINANCIAL BLOCKADE 519 618558 19 – a system of measures aimed at reducing or stopping export deliveries, eliminating preferential terms of insurance, credit and implemented by financial and credit organizations of a state or group of countries in relation to another state.

ECONOMIC BLOCKADE 71851781914 – economic isolation carried out in order to restrain the development of economic activity of any state.

BONDED CARGO 489 716519481 – imported goods stored in a customs warehouse with subsequent payment of customs duty.

REJECTION 618471318684 – establishment by an official commission of the share of defective goods as a result of detected deviations from approved standards or technical conditions.

BROKER 518471219516 – an intermediary who carries out transactions for the purchase and sale of goods and securities on stock exchanges on behalf of interested parties (buyer and seller) and at their expense.

SECURITIES 317518319417 – documentary evidence that grants property rights and the right to receive income to their owner. Securities include shares, bonds of companies and enterprises, as well as government loan bonds; bills of exchange, etc.

ACCOUNTING 716518319478 – a system of ongoing accounting and control over the use of financial resources and inventory.

BUDGET 564318517318 – a balanced estimate of income and expenses, drawn up in monetary terms for a certain

period.

STATE BUDGET 598618517544 – a balanced list of income and expenses, developed, approved and regulated by legislative and executive authorities. BALANCED BUDGET 317814898517 – an estimate of income and expenses in monetary terms, having a zero balance.

3

GROSS OUTPUT 317148648141 is a value economic indicator reflecting in monetary terms the total volume of output produced over a certain period (month, quarter, year), excluding value-added tax.

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) 189014 918715

is an economic indicator reflecting the total value of the final product (goods and services) created in the country over a certain period.

GROSS INCOME 516318 is the aggregate result of the activities of an enterprise or firm, which includes revenue from the sale of products, the liquidation value of disposed property, and income from non-industrial economic activity.

GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT (GNP)

914815316498 – economic indicator reflecting the market value of the final (finished) product produced by the country during the year.

GROSS SOCIAL PRODUCT (GSPP)

421516318714 – value of the annual volume of products produced in the sphere of material production.

FOREIGN EXCHANGE INTERVENTION 317548218716 – entry of the central bank into the foreign exchange market with the aim of strengthening or

decreasing the exchange rate of the national currency by buying and selling

foreign currency.

EXCHANGE RATE 18942149718516 – the number of currency

or monetary units of one country necessary to purchase a monetary unit of another country.

WARRANT 318421398728 – document confirming the fact of

acceptance of goods for storage.

COMMISSIONING OF FIXED PRODUCTION

FUNDS 564181798164 – scheduled commissioning of new, reconstructed and expanded capital

construction projects.

SUPPLY AMOUNT 689714219817 – cost assessment of the quantity of a certain product provided for sale at a set price during a specified period of time.

DEMAND AMOUNT 31721851427 – cost assessment of the quantity of a certain product that can be purchased by the buyer at a set price during a specified period of time.

VENTURE OPERATIONS 31861728971 – financial transactions carried out with a certain degree of risk.

VENTURES 318514218617 – small enterprises in knowledge-intensive industries specializing in the production of intellectual products, i.e. in the development and implementation of innovations.

MARKET INTERDEPENDENCE 378491819161 – an economic situation in the market when the increased competitiveness of a product by one manufacturer has a direct impact on the reduction in revenue of another manufacturer selling a similar product.

INTERSUBSTITUTE GOODS 214817218516 – goods that partially or fully satisfy similar customer needs in comparison with basic products. Affect the reduction in revenue from the sale of the basic product.

MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVEALTERNATIVES

564891319718 – project options that provide for the implementation of one goal. The most effective option is accepted for implementation.

TYPES OF MARKETING RESEARCH

317589619714 – grouping of studies by areas of

marketing activity: advertising, market analysis in relation to demand, supply, pricing, solvency, etc.

TYPES OF GOODS AND SERVICES 619371819481 – section of the business plan, which reflects the entire list of manufactured products (services), which will be offered for sale on the

market of goods.

PRODUCT IMPLEMENTATION IN PRODUCTION 891564319712 -

a stage in the product life cycle that involves the production of a small amount of products to assess the buyer's reaction to the consumer properties of the goods.

NON-PRODUCTION EXPENSES 498612719714 -

the amount of current costs not directly related to the production process of products, but included in the full cost of products.

INTERNAL RETURN RATIO

OF INVESTMENTS 498714898175 - the discount rate at which equality is ensured between the present value of future cash flows and the total amount of investments advanced to the project.

INTRA-PRODUCTION (INTRA-FIRM)

PLANNING 614812798514 – development of plans for the current

work and development of an enterprise, providing for ensuring the planned level of production efficiency based on the attraction and rational use of production resources and labor.

FIRM CAPABILITIES 598782614016 – section of the business plan reflecting the main areas of the company's production activities, indicating the goals (volume of production and sales, ensuring revenue and profit, increasing the share of the company's products (services) in the markets) and a plan of organizational and technical measures for their implementation.

REPRODUCTION 514128719 914 – continuous implementation of the process of production of material goods, which, in terms of their natural-material composition, reflect the means of production and consumer goods produced during the year. A distinction is made between simple and expanded reproduction.

CAPITAL TURNOVER TIME 518491 617914 – the period during which the industrial capital advanced for the production of surplus value goes through all stages of turnover (commodity, productive, monetary). The unit of measurement and comparison of the turnover time is a year.

GENERAL SYSTEM OF PREFERENCE 491719 819481 -

customs benefits that are granted to underdeveloped and developing countries.

GENERAL LAW OF GROWTH OF PRODUCTIVITY

OF LABOR 518671319489 - reflects the result of the introduction of more advanced and productive tools, the use of which ensures a decrease in the labor intensity of a unit of product

and savings on wages (release of living labor) with an increase in depreciation charges (past labor).

SELECTION OF TARGET MARKET SEGMENTS 564197589491 -

assessment and selection of one or more market segments for entering them with your goods.

EQUIPMENT DISPOSAL 691318714217 – write-off of physically worn-out and obsolete equipment from the enterprise’s balance sheet.

CAPITAL OUTPUT 548219618717 – advance payment of funds for organizing a business abroad.

OUTPUT 319418514814 – cost of products manufactured over a certain period per employee or per worker from among industrial and production personnel.

SALES REVENUE 614821319718 – funds received on the enterprise’s bank account for the sale of products and provision of services.

RELEASE OF WORKING ASSETS

617514319421 – result of rational use of working assets.

LABOR RELEASE 618712319412 – the result of a decline in production, the introduction of scientific and technological progress.

EXHIBITION-FAIR 714182689414 – a periodically organized demonstration of achievements in various sectors of the economy.

MARKET EXIT 598471319718 – a market economic

situation characteristic of an individual manufacturer whose products, due to low competitiveness, cannot

provide sufficient revenue over a long period.

4

GENERAL LEASING 317514818417 – a lease agreement,

in which the lessee is given the right to replenish the fleet of equipment

(machines, apparatus, etc.) under leasing without additional agreement with the lessor company.

FLEXIBLE TECHNOLOGY 517891619318 – the ability of an existing technology to quickly reorganize to produce a new or partially replaceable range of products.

FLEXIBILITY 548578914216 – the availability of various opportunities for an organization to quickly reorganize to changing conditions of the business process.

PLANNING FLEXIBILITY 319781894216 – adjustment of internal production plans that takes into account changes in internal and external production conditions; allows for a revision of planning directions and ensures continuity of production.

GLOBALIZATION 31968971921 – a new process of joint economic development of countries of the world, aimed at meeting the needs of the world market based on the international exchange of the results of business activities, when the creation of material or spiritual goods acts as an integral part of world production.

PLANNING HORIZON 518516319719 819 – period of validity of the plan (quarterly, annually, five years, etc.). STATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL POLICY 318516319712 – a component of socio-economic policy that reflects the interests of the state in scientific and technical activities.

STATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE

518728398641 – a state organization whose purpose is to provide the working-age population with the opportunity

to participate in activities aimed at creating material values ​​with the help of tools and objects of labor, as well as to work in the non-production sphere.

STATE ENTERPRISE 791849319614 – a production unit with state responsibility.

STATE REGULATION OF PRICES

51851491812 – direct participation of the state in setting retail prices.

STATE DEBT 584891619471 – the total amount of

the state's debt, including the outstanding amount of the loan and unpaid interest on it.

PUBLIC SECTOR 589712694318 - a component of the national economy, reflecting government transactions that provide state income in accordance with current tax legislation.

FINISHED PRODUCT 49148189816 - a product that has passed

all technological stages of the production process, meets established standards or technical conditions and is accepted for sale by the quality control department.

CARGO TURNOVER 59418739861 - an economic indicator reflecting the work performed by freight transport. Calculated as the product of the weight of cargo transported over a specified period and the transportation distance.

5

CAPITAL MOVEMENT 388519397544 – movement

of funds from one enterprise to another enterprise within a given industry, from one industry to another industry both within a state and between countries in order to obtain a higher profit per unit of invested capital.

BILATERAL MONOPOLY 39867121878 – a market

situation represented by one seller and one buyer.

BILATERAL OLIGOPOLY 89751421961 – a market

situation reflecting a high concentration of sellers and buyers.

DEBIT 318782614 417 – the left side of the accounting account.

The presence of inventory and cash, as well as their increase, are recorded in the debit of active accounts, sources of cash and their decrease - in the debit of passive accounts.

DEBTOR 319518614217 - a debtor of an enterprise or firm.

DEVALUATION 978541 219714 - a state system of legislative measures that ensures the balance of supply and demand for the national currency of the country by revising its exchange rate downwards in relation to precious metals and the currency of other countries; monetary reform that provides for the withdrawal of depreciated banknotes from circulation and their exchange for full-fledged banknotes.

DISINFLATION 564517 498748 - a fall in the level of inflation

or its complete elimination.

DEINDUSTRIALIZATION 614574818471 - an economic

situation reflecting a reduction in the share of industrial production in the gross national income.

TAX DECLARATION 689317519481 - an official

documentary statement of a taxpayer (an individual or a

legal entity) on the total income received for a certain period (year) and on the tax deductions and benefits established by law that apply to it.

BUSINESS GAME 518618994817 - modeling the real

conditions of an enterprise or firm's activities in order to identify

production reserves and eliminate deviations of the main technical and economic indicators from the planned ones.

OFFICE WORK 516489498517 - operations related to the passage of business papers (documents) and carried out by the administrative and managerial apparatus of the enterprise.

DUMPING 518914319714 - a type of competitive struggle, when a large quantity of goods appears on the market, sold at artificially low prices, in some cases below cost; export of goods at lower prices.

MONEY SUPPLY 564318518712 - cash in circulation.

MONETARY POLICY 519318619712 - a set of organizational and financial measures and methods aimed at regulating economic development, curbing the depreciation of funds and ensuring equilibrium in the balance of payments. CASH FLOW 318612518714 – funds received into the enterprise’s current account from the sale of products and provision of services, as well as from other sources. Used to cover current expenses and for other purposes.

DEPOSIT 319618719814 – cash, shares, bills of exchange and

other valuables that are temporarily stored in financial and credit institutions and which the depositor (depositor) can dispose of at his own discretion.

DEPOSIT INTEREST 519312619712 – interest rate paid by the bank on clients’ deposits.

DEPOSITION 48949131841 – temporary storage in state and commercial financial and credit institutions (commercial and savings banks) and organizations (notary offices) of cash and securities.

DEPRESSION 564898719612 – the reversal stage or phase of the industrial cycle immediately following an economic crisis, i.e., a period of sharp reduction in effective demand and growth in the output of goods (overproduction).

DEREGULATION 57849861451 – removal of state control.

DESTABILIZATION OF THE ECONOMY OF THE ENTERPRISE

519814519714 – an economic measure that leads to an imbalance between income and expenses and the emergence of a negative balance, which has a direct impact on the instability of the economic situation of the enterprise.

DETERMINISM 81971488 481 – one of the forms of social

development based on scientific and technological progress.

DEFICIT 61401568148 – excess of demand over supply, manifested in incomplete provision of material values, tools and objects of labor, labor force, consumer goods.

DIVERSIFICATION 498485 48917 – expansion of the scope of economic activity of an enterprise, association or industry

in order to increase the range of products and increase the share

of new products in the total volume of production, which leads to a reorientation of the product policy strategy to strengthen the position in the sales market.

DIVIDEND 519316 918714 – part of the profit received by a joint-stock company for a certain period after paying taxes, allocating funds for production development, social needs and insurance, subject to distribution among shareholders (owners of shares) in accordance with the decision taken at the general meeting of shareholders.

DEALER 564814519712 – a member of the stock exchange who buys and sells securities on his own initiative and at his own expense.

DYNAMICS OF CURRENT COSTS 318617 918714 – dependence of changes in current production costs on

increase or decrease in production volume.

DISCOUNT 519617 918489 – difference between the nominal value of a security and its selling price; reduction (discount)

in the price of a product.

DISCOUNTING OF COSTS 564 712819 516 – bringing

different-time costs when assessing the effectiveness of an investment project to the costs of the initial or final period

based on the use of compound interest.

DISCOUNT POLICY 519 817498 218 – policy of the financial system aimed at changing the discount rate on

credit.

DISPATCHING 318614 718512 – coordination and establishment of the sequence of execution of all operations included in the process of operational management of production and economic activity of an industrial enterprise.

DURATION OF THE PRODUCTION CYCLE

914815 419718 – technological process of manufacturing a product,

which is estimated by the sum of time from the first to the final technological operation.

ADDITIONAL PROFIT 519 618516 714 – is typical for the export of capital and reflects the excess of profit on advanced monetary capital in comparison with its return within the country.

FAIR EFFECTIVE COMPETITION

519 617719 814 – competition between producers in the

area of ​​manufacturing and selling products (goods), excluding infringement of consumer rights and monopolistic influence on

the conditions of production and sale of goods.

AGREEMENT 519 716 718 498514 – an agreement on sale and purchase between the buyer and the seller, on the terms of receiving money on credit (loan, credit, etc.), changes in the rights and obligations of the parties.

AGREEMENT FOR THE SALE OF GOODS 516 718498 712 – a condition for the transfer of rights by the seller to the consumer on the basis of a concluded agreement, which reflects the mutual obligations of the parties, the terms of delivery and acceptance of the goods, taking into account its features, established standards and quality requirements.

SUPPLY AGREEMENT 574 814319 614 – an agreement concluded between manufacturing enterprises on the supply of goods by an enterprise that manufactures material assets (raw materials, components, finished products, etc.) to a consumer enterprise, specifying the delivery period and volume, product quality, price, payment for packaging, etc.

BUSINESS AGREEMENT 498 617319714 – an agreement

between legal entities (enterprises, firms), which specifies the norms, rules and obligations for the manufacture and sale of products, and the provision of services.

DOCUMENT FLOW 548 617319714 – movement of business

papers within an enterprise, firm, institution.

DEBT COMMITMENT 314812219417 - a written

commitment of a legal entity or an individual confirming the timely repayment of a loan received from a creditor. The loan may be interest-free or with interest on the loan.

POSITION 317421898516 - in the organization's management system, a specific position occupied by a person performing organizational, managerial or administrative-economic duties.

GRANTY 319418719491 - a non-refundable budget subsidy

(assistance) issued to enterprises, organizations, institutions to compensate for losses from the production and sale of products, as well as to maintain relatively low retail prices for individual consumer goods.

PRICE SUBSIDY 614217519498 – a system of additional markups on prices, acting as a mechanism to curb the rate at which cheap goods turn into scarce goods.

INCOME 589317318614 – cash and material assets received by legal entities and individuals in the form of commissions for services rendered. Income is typical for the non-production sphere (trade, banking, stock exchange, transport, communications , etc.).

NATIONAL INCOME 564718319741 – an indicator of the country's economic development, reflecting the converted form of surplus value (profit) plus commissions for the provision of services in the non-production sphere.

TAXABLE INCOME 319618318417 – gross income of an enterprise, firm, institution and other taxpayers,

reduced by the amount of gross income exempt from taxes in accordance with the current law on benefits and discounts.

SHADOW INCOME 314819319618 – income of a legal entity

or individual from participation in shadow economic activity.

SUBSIDIARY ENTERPRISE 548168498184 – legally independent joint-stock company, the controlling stake of shares of which belongs to another joint-stock company.

DUOPOLY 48942818949 – a market in which certain

products are sold only by two representatives of large industrial monopolistic groups not bound by a price agreement.

6

UNIT OF CAPACITY MEASUREMENT 319617319489 –

accounting and planning unit of measurement of the number of machines, equipment, devices, engine power installed on machines and equipment to set them in motion, productivity (labor intensity, machine capacity, output).

UNIT OF CAPITALIZATION 648518798417 – the cost

of an element of fixed production assets (machinery, equipment, building, structure, etc.), recorded in the account

of capital expenditures.

UNIT ELASTICITY 316548919217 – a condition

under which revenue from the sale of a certain product remains unchanged, i.e. the rate of growth (reduction) in sales volume

is identical to the rate of decline (increase) in price.

SINGLE (INDIVIDUAL) PRODUCTION

519612719491 – type of production organization for the manufacture

of limited consumption items (piece goods).

MARKET CAPACITY 548916219718 – expected amount

of supply (potential revenue) at a given price level,

sales volume for a certain period.

7

VITALITY OF THE ECONOMY 564317319818 – stable

economic position of the state, purposefully pursuing its policy under any influence of internal and external socio-economic conditions.

PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE 498218514612 – period from the introduction of goods to the market until the product is removed from production.

LIFE CYCLE OF INNOVATION 798217298218 – period of time from the inception of the idea of ​​creating a future product (technology) or service until the moment of its (her) withdrawal from production.

LIFE CYCLE OF ENTERPRISE 819714319612 – economically justified period of economic activity of the enterprise

8

EQUIPMENT LOADING 518671319148 – coefficient of

use of intra-shift time, reflecting the share of actual operating time of equipment during a certain period (shift, day, decade, etc.) in the total effective time fund of installed equipment for the corresponding period.

PRODUCTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION

568318498217 – the level of utilization of potential production capabilities, which are assessed by the ratio of actual output to the maximum possible.

DEPOSIT 398628198714 – cash or property assets acting as the enterprise’s funds, ensuring the fulfillment of mandatory conditions specified in the contract. Penalties are imposed in case of violation of contractual terms.

BACKGROUND 368214289716 – products that have not undergone all technological operations.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE 314828 498717 – the result of economic activity when an enterprise accumulates the amount of debts owed to it.

PAYABLES 564812319481 - funds temporarily attracted by an organization, which are subject to return to the creditor taking into account the payment of the corresponding interest on the loan received.

BUYER'S DEBT 316318819412 - unpaid portion of the cost of goods sold on credit.

LOAN 31489721851 - a type of relationship, an agreement, under the terms of which one party transfers money or other material assets to the ownership of the other party, the Borrower, and the borrower

undertakes to return the same amount of money or material

assets.

STATE LOAN 564812318497 - a type of

credit and financial transactions aimed at temporarily replenishing the state budget through a loan.

BORROWER 314964818571 – part of working capital, the source of formation of which is a short-term loan.

BORROWER 314821318491 – an individual or legal entity,

undertaking, in accordance with the concluded agreement, to return the loan received from the creditor within the established period and to pay the corresponding interest for the used loan.

ORDER 316714518971 – an agreement, contract, drawn up

between the manufacturer (seller) and the buyer, which

reflects the consumer's interest in the acquisition (purchase) of a certain product, indicating all the necessary technical and economic characteristics (price, quantity, quality) and delivery conditions, taking into account responsibility for the safety of the product.

STATE ORDER 648417918217 – a form of cooperation between the state and an enterprise. The state acts as a customer and guarantees the enterprise payment for the production of goods.

LAW OF MONEY CIRCULATION 648518319417 – an economic law that assesses the amount of money necessary for a specific economy and ensuring commodity circulation.

LAW OF SUPPLY 578149317491 – a law according to which there is a relationship between price and supply, i.e. as the price of a product rises, the supply of this product increases, all other things being equal.

LAW OF PROPORTIONALITY 57980151421941 – a dependence that ensures the most rational ratios of production factors, which contributes to increasing its efficiency.

SAY'S LAW 48148131947 – a law according to which when a new product or service appears on the market, there should be a demand for it, i.e. supply and demand are always balanced.

LAW OF DEMAND 318431318491 – a law according to which there is an inversely proportional dependence between demand and price, i.e. under certain economic conditions, an increase in demand affects a decrease in prices and, conversely, a decrease in demand leads to an increase in prices.

LAW OF VALUE 519498519641 – a law that is used to determine the value of a product based on the socially necessary labor costs of its production.

CLOSED JOINT-STOCK COMPANY (CJSC)

21498751949 – a company in which shares are distributed among its participants or according to a pre-approved list.

PURCHASING LOGISTICS 69871231941 – a production management subsystem that reflects the process of satisfying production needs for raw materials and other materials and provides for an economic assessment of the movement of the entire set of material flows while minimizing the costs of their acquisition, transportation, and storage.

COLLATERAL 519016 914571 – property and other material assets that act as collateral for a loan.

EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION 218 494517601 – a socio-economic characteristic reflecting the formation, distribution and use of labor resources based on an assessment of a person’s abilities and labor activity, the availability of appropriate education, and established wages.

STOCK AND MATERIAL VALUES

598 948714 971 – the most important planning task, especially in the context of mass and large-scale production, is determined by the size of the reserve.

STOCKS 478 491 718 498 – material assets, working capital (raw materials, supplies, equipment, and other means of production), sufficient to ensure the continuity of the production process. MINERAL RESERVES 619 714819 917 – quantitative assessment of mineral formations in the earth's crust (reserves of coal, oil, gas, etc.), carried out based on the results of geological exploration.

PRODUCTION STOCKS 178 478364714 ​​– material assets (raw materials, materials, purchased components, semi-finished products, fuel) and other elements of the working fund located in the enterprise's warehouse, but not yet received for technological processing.

SAFETY STOCKS 564 712819 49 – stocks that are created in case of untimely receipt of current stocks, i.e. when the actual interval between two deliveries is greater than planned.

CURRENT STOCKS 671 814218 17 – the main type of standardized stocks, which are defined as the product of the average daily consumption of labor items by the interval between two deliveries.

TECHNOLOGICAL (PREPARATORY) STOCKS 564 947948 41 – stocks that are created in cases where incoming material assets do not meet the requirements of the technological process and undergo appropriate processing (drying, corrosion removal, etc.) before launching into production.

COMMERCIAL STOCKS 514812319481 – finished products and other material assets intended for sale, located in the enterprise warehouse, in sales and trade organizations.

TRANSPORT STOCKS 56471981961 – (TS) are calculated similarly to safety stocks.

WAGES 914 489198 71 – a cost category characterizing the converted form of value and the price of labor power; a form of distributing a portion of the value among workers in accordance with their share of participation in the total social labor.

ADDITIONAL WAGES 689 718514371

– payments stipulated by legislation and an employment agreement, such as payment for regular and additional vacations.

NOMINAL WAGE 614 812 319 71 –

monetary expression of wages in accordance with labor productivity.

MAIN WORKERS WAGES

314 516 719 481 – wages paid for performing technological operations for manufacturing products.

REAL WAGE 6148 142 19 617 – quantitative assessment of the possibility of acquiring (purchasing) material goods and services for nominal wages.

COSTS PER 1 MONETARY UNIT OF COMMODITY

PRODUCT 914 918 718 497 – a generalizing economic

indicator reflecting the share of current costs in the cost of commodity products.

COSTS REDUCED 614819319718 – an indicator for assessing the effectiveness of capital investments, which allows

to select the most economical option, i.e. the option that provides the minimum value of reduced costs.

DIRECT COSTS 564917319817 – expenses for a strictly targeted purpose. Included in the cost of a unit of production

by the direct calculation method, for example, costs of basic materials, wages of the main production workers.

FREE ENTERPRISE ZONE

914518564 912 – state territory provided for the implementation of joint economic activity using legal benefits (rent, currency, visa, tax, customs, labor, etc.), providing favorable conditions for attracting long-term foreign and domestic capital investments.

PRODUCT MATURITY 319498 719 618 – stage of the product life cycle when the production volume is stable.

9

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION 564 718574181 – comparison of the actual technical and economic characteristics of the product with the parameters recorded in the documentation.

OVERSUPPLY 489 817497498 – overstocking

as a result of supply exceeding demand.

EXCESSOFPRODUCTIONCAPACITY

519 617319418 – excess of potential production capacity over actual output.

OVERSUPPLYDEMAND 498 712719489 – market situation reflecting shortage of goods as a result of demand exceeding supply.

EXCESS RESERVE 619 712719 819 – excess

stock of inventory items, which affects the reduction in the efficiency of working capital.

COSTS 319 718519 612 – the sum of expenses, expressed in monetary form and incurred for the production and sale

of products and provision of services.

COMPETITION COSTS 519 612 719 814 – additional costs not included in the plan, aimed at advertising

the consumer properties of the product to increase demand.

CIRCULATION COSTS 519 798 498 716 – total costs of labor and means of production, including costs of transportation, storage, etc., expressed in monetary form and transferred to finished products in the process of circulation of goods.

ADDITIONAL CIRCULATION COSTS

614 812 719 418 – expenses arising as a result of continuing the production process (transportation, storage, etc.) in the sphere of circulation.

NET CIRCULATION COSTS 518 718319 217 – costs associated with the purchase and sale of goods.

VARIABLE COSTS 489 712319 614 – current production costs that are directly dependent on the volume of production, such as basic materials, wages of key production workers, etc.

BUYER'S COSTS 218 619719 814 – costs of transportation and forwarding operations carried out in the process of circulation of goods, including payment of customs duties, taxes, fees, entertainment expenses, etc.

FIXED COSTS (NON-PROPORTIONAL) 498316319712 - costs that do not change significantly with changes in production volume (heating, lighting, general shop and general plant costs, etc.).

PRODUCER COSTS 698518319418 - manufacturer's costs, including expenses for maintaining the sales department, marketing service, transportation and forwarding operations, service, etc.

PRODUCTION COSTS 598471319498 - a set of costs directly related to the production of goods and the provision of services, expressed in monetary form.

BUYER'S SURPLUS 498514598317 - the difference between the actual payment for the goods and the expected one.

PRODUCER'S SURPLUS 56849131891 - additional profit received as a result of price increases.

WEAR AND TEAR 498312514 - loss of the use value of goods as a result of their mechanical use or exposure to natural conditions.

PHYSICAL WEAR AND TEAR 54861271949 - the process of physical aging of fixed capital elements, as a result of which they become unsuitable for further use in production.

MORAL WEAR AND TEAR 497189519491 - the process of depreciation of fixed capital elements due to the emergence of cheaper or more productive equipment.

IMAGE 48948919141 – reputation, public assessment of the activities of an enterprise, firm, formed among customers, suppliers, consumers, etc.

IMMOBILIZATION OF WORKING ASSETS 219618 214 –

withdrawal from the production process of a portion of working assets

for unscheduled events, subject to their subsequent use for their intended purpose.

PROPERTY OF ENTERPRISE 218317 489317 – fixed and

working capital, as well as other material assets, the cost of which is recorded in independent balance sheets of an enterprise, firm.

INVENTORY 481498319712 – element-by-element assessment

of the enterprise's inventory or their balances on a specific date.

INVENTORY RISK 498 714219 489 - losses that may arise as a result of depreciation of inventory due to price reduction and obsolescence of goods.

INVESTMENTS 319 617319814 - long-term capital investments in various industries with the aim of making a profit.

INTELLECTUAL INVESTMENTS 316 819319471 - long-term investments aimed at developing science, training specialists, implementing scientific and technological progress, etc.

INVESTMENT POLICY 219 716218714 - a set of socio-economic measures that allow

to determine priority areas of capital investments in various industries.

INVESTMENT RISKS 514516319718 – the possibility of unforeseen expenses and losses in results as a consequence of uncertainty in the economic situation.

INVESTMENT COEFFICIENT 518314319812 – a coefficient reflecting the share of the country's national income (the main form of accumulation for the expanded reproduction of fixed assets).

INVESTMENT FUND 519318614217 – a fund of open-type credit and financial joint-stock companies issuing their own shares to attract funds

from private companies.

INVESTOR 618317914217 – a legal entity or an individual making long-term investments of funds in an investment project in order to make a profit.

INDEX 518614219621 is an economic and statistical indicator used to assess changes in the course of development of the economic process as a whole and its individual components.

INDEX OF COMPETITIVENESS OF A PRODUCT

564812319718 is an indicator of a market economy reflecting the dynamics of changes in consumer properties of a product as a result of various organizational and technical measures and the impact of economic factors.

INDEX OF CONSUMER AND RETAIL PRICES

319618519412 is a monthly published indicator characterizing changes (dynamics) in the cost of a set of goods and services necessary to meet the primary needs of the population in a given area (consumer basket), and the average price level in the retail market.

ROADMAP INDEX 618517219418 – an indicator reflecting the change in ROA in the following year compared to the previous one.

INDEXATION 514821619317 – adjustment of personal income in order to compensate the population for monetary losses and maintain the real amount of income in the context of inflation, accompanied by rising prices.

INDIVIDUALIZATION OF PRODUCTS 519414319417 – a design and technological procedure that provides for a change in the technical and economic indicators of products that compare favorably with their analogues manufactured by competing enterprises.

INDICATIVE PLANNING 619718519714 – a type of state economic planning that is periodically used to alleviate an economic crisis and eliminate its consequences, raise the level of industrial production and reduce unemployment, regulate the market economy, etc. INDUSTRIALIZATION 518671319712 – the process of developing large-scale machine production in the national economy, primarily in those industries that produce tools and objects of labor.

ENGINEERING 516318514217 – the scope of activities of a commercial organization (company) to provide industrial facilities (enterprises) and other sectors of the economy with engineering and consulting services on organizing the production

and sale of products.

COLLECTION 819419419718 – a type of intermediary banking

operation carried out on behalf of a client to receive

and credit to the guarantor's current account funds from enterprises and organizations that have purchased material and commodity values ​​from the principal, including payment for the performance (rendering) of services.

INNOVATIONS 819418 – innovations in the field of engineering, technology, labor organization and management, based on the use of scientific achievements and best practices.

INNOVATION ACTIVITY 519489619671 is an indicator reflecting the pace, scale and duration of development and implementation of innovations based on the use of scientific and technological progress and best practices.

INNOVATION POTENTIAL 219016514218 is the technical and economic capabilities of an industrial enterprise to design and produce new competitive products that meet market requirements.

INNOVATION PROJECT 51631851981 is a set of documents reflecting the process of targeted change in a technical system based on the implementation of scientific and technological progress and the result of the transition of this system from one technical and economic state to another, more advanced one.

INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS 56482149871 – a branch of economic science that studies the causes of system instability and structural changes in the sphere of economic relations.

INTEGRAL COEFFICIENT OF EQUIPMENT UTILIZATION 516219519714 – an economic indicator that reflects the use of the entire shift and intra-shift operating time of equipment.

INTEGRAL EFFECT 514819489471 – an indicator of the investment project effectiveness assessment, representing the sum of current effects for the entire calculation period and reduced to the first year of capital investments.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 49871271948 -

a special form of ownership reflecting the possession of rights to the results of intellectual labor, the right of ownership of which belongs to the authors who created them, for example, copyright to a text work, invention, audio-visual work, etc.

INTELLECTUAL INVESTMENTS 519613319819 -

money advanced for scientific developments, licenses, know-how, training of specialists, etc.

LABOR INTENSITY 584817319714 - intensity of work, the totality of all energy expenditure of an employee per unit of time, ensuring a higher labor result.

INTENSIFICATION 564812319712 – increase in labor productivity as a result of improved use of equipment (tools) in terms of time and capacity, rational use of material and labor resources.

INVESTMENT INTENSIFICATION 514218519317 – increase in specific capital investments per average worker as a result of implementation of scientific and technological progress.

PRODUCTION INTENSIFICATION 564819319712 – one of the areas of increasing production efficiency associated with an increase in production volume, more efficient use of material, labor and financial resources as a result of implementation of scientific and technological progress.

DELIVERY INTERVAL 619718918714 – period of time

between planned deliveries of inventory items.

INFICIT 514219318718 – concept opposite to deficit, i.e.

excess of actual value over estimated or planned.

For example, excess of actual revenue over estimated value.

INFLATIONARY 56421721849 – index of price growth.

INFLATIONARY RISK 64851731849 – probability of losses as a result of price growth.

INFLATION 58421721941 – depreciation of money caused by

the emission of money supply in excess of actual needs and manifested in the form of rising prices for goods and services.

DEMAND-PULL INFLATION 54861421971 – a consequence of the excess of aggregate demand over supply, i.e. an increase in the cost of goods and services that can be purchased at higher prices and tariffs.

COMPUTER SCIENCE 316849319712 – a discipline that studies the properties and structure of information, the patterns and methods of its creation, storage, retrieval, transmission and use in various areas of human activity.

INFORMATION FLOW 498648498714 – a tool of the logistics system, with the help of which an information base is formed to meet specific needs.

INFRASTRUCTURE 598689319718 – a complex of industries, enterprises and organizations included in these industries, performing the functions of servicing industrial and agricultural production, as well as creating normal conditions for the functioning of the production process and human life.

MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE 56491721948 – a set of enterprises and organizations servicing the market (wholesale enterprises, exchanges, financial institutions).

MORTGAGE 698712319714 – a pledge of real estate for the purpose of obtaining a long-term (10-20 years) cash loan. Loan repayment includes the interest rate for the loan.

MORTGAGE BANK 64848171842 – a credit institution created for long-term lending secured by real estate (land, city buildings, etc.) with restrictions on the right to dispose of the property.

MORTGAGE MARKET 564814 – a type of loan capital market in which the object of purchase and sale are mortgage bonds issued against real estate.

OPERATIONS RESEARCH 584214 – development and use of various methods of applied mathematics to optimize solutions to socio-economic and production and business problems.

10

CALENDAR TIME FUND 584319489417 – potential operating time of equipment during the year.

COST CALCULATION 498312319714 – calculation of current production costs per unit of output by cost items.

SALES CHANNEL 318481499417 – methods of delivering goods within the established time frame from the manufacturer to the consumer.

GOODS DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS 61949831947 – sequence of goods movement from the manufacturer to the consumer.

CAPITAL 69831421947 – economic category reflecting the cost of the means of production, which, when using labor, create surplus value. Capital is divided into fixed (fixed assets) and circulating (current assets) and can be monetary, industrial and authorized.

SHARE CAPITAL 694182548471 – capital, the source of formation of which is the unification of individual capitals through the issue and sale of securities. The growth of share capital is achieved as a result of using part of the profit and the issue of shares and bonds.

BANK CAPITAL 31482121847 – the totality of monetary capital, both own and attracted, with which the bank operates.

MONEY CAPITAL 47182849951 – one of the functional forms of industrial capital, used at the initial and final stages of its circulation; funds located in the enterprise's current account in the bank.

INDUSTRIAL CAPITAL 564851619471 – monetary

capital advanced to the sphere of material production.

LOAN CAPITAL 689721219497 – monetary

capital , the owner of which provides a sum of money to a legal

entity (enterprise, firm) for a certain fee in the form of loan interest.

AUTHORIZED CAPITAL 564217894274 – the total value of funds fixed by the charter or agreement upon creation of a joint venture (joint-stock company).

CAPITALIZATION 698581319471 – a method of assessing the value

of an enterprise based on its income received over a certain period from the use of property.

ROADMAP 31861731849 – share of growth in national income per one monetary unit of capital investments made in the sphere of production of material goods.

CAPITAL INVESTMENTS 69891421947 – real investments, one-time costs for simple and expanded reproduction of fixed assets, i.e. for the construction of new, expansion, reconstruction and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises, as well as the construction, repair and technical equipment of non-production facilities.

CARTEL 498718648481 – a type of monopolistic association of large commodity producers of the same product in order to weaken competition and increase sales volumes based on an agreement on the redistribution of the sphere of influence in sales markets, i.e. based on the establishment of a certain share of sales at a contract price for each party to the agreement.

CARTEL AGREEMENT 498217319421 – an officially executed legal agreement between large manufacturers of the same product, which provides for joint market research, price regulation, discounts, etc.

QUALITY BY SAMPLE 219518619472 – an assessment of the conformity of the delivered goods with a representative sample selected according to the approved technical conditions of manufacture.

QUALITY BY DESCRIPTION 598319498712 – based on a comparison of the goods with the description of all technical and economic properties specified in the agreement.

PRODUCT QUALITY 578421316214 – technical and economic category reflecting the totality of various

properties of products (items) that determine their ability

to satisfy various needs of society.

QUALITY OF GOODS ACCORDING TO STANDARD 718421619417 – quality of goods (services) that meet technical conditions or standards in accordance with the requirements of a bilateral agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.

QUALIFICATION 619314894217 – level of special training of enterprise personnel to perform a certain type of work or services.

QUOTA 51481431971941 – share of participation in the total volume of production and sale of goods (services) of each of the participants in a monopolistic association.

KEYNESIANISM 489421319648 – theoretical foundations of regulating the economy of industrially developed countries and the conditions for maintaining their economic stability.

CLASSIFICATION 489482719481 – distribution of objects, items and concepts into classes, groups based on the similarity of certain classification features.

CLEARING 519471219641 – system of mutual non-cash settlements for the purchase and sale of goods and materials and the provision of services.

COLLECTIVE AGREEMENT 564812219718 – mutual agreement concluded between the work collective and representatives of the enterprise administration on mutual obligations and conditions for resolving conflict situations in the process of production and economic activity.

COMBINE 49164 321 819061 – an association of several technologically interconnected enterprises of various industries.

COMBINATION 49831721948 – a form of concentration

of industrial production, which provides for the unification in one enterprise (combine) of several specialized and interconnected enterprises of various industries, consistently performing technological operations for processing raw materials, i.e. the products of one production are raw materials, material for another production process.

COMMISSIONER 319612719814 – an intermediary who, at the direction of the guarantor, carries out the procedure of purchase and sale of goods for an established fee.

COMMISSION 519621798317 – a bilateral agreement, on the basis of which one party (the commission agent), on behalf of the other

party (the principal), undertakes to carry out transactions in the interests of the principal for a monetary reward.

COMMERCIALIZATION 574891719516 – one of the stages of privatization, when all responsibility for the results of the enterprise’s activities is assigned to the administration, while the state stops allocating subsidies to compensate for losses.

COMMERCIAL BANK 648317319718 – a non-governmental

credit institution that operates on a commercial basis, specializing in issuing cash loans to legal entities on mutually beneficial terms and servicing private clients on a commission basis. COMMERCIAL CREDIT 564812719478 – a loan provided in commodity form at the time of the transaction, i.e. with a deferred payment for the purchased or delivered goods.

COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE 519316418218 – a legal entity operating under self-financing conditions and pursuing the goal of making a profit. A commercial enterprise operates mainly in the sphere of circulation of goods and services.

COMPANY 219948938471 – an enterprise aimed at

organizing commercial or industrial activities.

INVESTMENT COMPANY 694318489485 – a credit and financial institution that accumulates funds of private investors, which are subsequently used to implement investments of legal entities, issue their own securities and convert them into shares and bonds of other

companies.

COMPLEXITY OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT

694218719481 – comprehensive accounting of production, sales and consumption parameters in the process of marketing management.

COMPLEXITY OF PRODUCTION 578491698917 – quantitative assessment of the output of parts and assemblies for production

purposes, a multiple of their quantity in a unit of each product and the number of products according to the plan, taking into account the backlog.

CONVERSION MARKETING 564813319481 – lack of interest of buyers in purchasing goods or services. For example, diabetics do not buy sugar, confectionery, etc.

CONVERSION 698518548491 – change in the structure of manufactured products; transfer of defense industry enterprises to the production of civilian products.

COMPETITIVE STRATEGY 698317594181 – a set of economic measures aimed at ensuring growth in sales of goods supplied to the market at a set price.

COMPETITIVENESS 8906 14 489159 8417 – a set of technical and economic characteristics of a product that compare favorably with a similar product in terms of the degree of satisfaction of the consumer interests of the buyer.

PRODUCT COMPETITIVENESS

654319519718 – the ability of a product to satisfy the consumer interest of the buyer and bring profit.

PRODUCTION COMPETITIVENESS

589612 619417 – assessment of the technical and economic capabilities of production to ensure consistency of the interests of the producer and the consumer.

MARKETING COMPETITION 548 614219 718 – development of conditions (plan) ensuring achievement of the enterprise’s business goals in the direction of meeting the needs of individual markets with more competitive goods in comparison with the goods of existing competitors.

COMPETITION IN SALES MARKETS 719 612794 489 – a section of the business plan that systematizes the results of the analysis of production conditions and sales of similar products among the main competitors according to the list of competitiveness factors: product (quality, technical and economic indicators, etc.), price (sales, credit terms, etc.), distribution channels, ensuring growth in sales volume (advertising, participation in competitions, fairs, etc.). CONSULTING 56482131947 – provision of consulting services to market economy entities (buyers, sellers, manufacturers) on issues of organizing, managing the economy of an enterprise, firm, etc.

ENTERPRISE CONSERVATION 519 618719 216 – temporary cessation of the activities of an industrial enterprise for the purpose of implementing technical measures aimed at protecting fixed production assets from premature physical deterioration.

CONSORTIUM 219 214819717 – temporary agreement on production and sales cooperation of several industrial

organizations for the joint implementation of a large industrial project.

CONTRACT 498514 618 498 – legal bilateral or

multilateral agreement that sets out the rights and obligations of each party.

CONTROLLING 619 217218 497 – management of coordination and

information support for the process of achieving the final

goals of the enterprise based on the generalization of accounting, analytical, planning and control results of economic activity.

CONTROL AS A FUNCTION OF ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT 648 218548 714 – assessment of compliance of the results of the enterprise’s work with the requirements of the instructions for the implementation of qualitative and quantitative indicators of economic and social development.

QUALITY CONTROL 598 712894 716 – assessment of compliance of the actual operational characteristics of the product,

determining its suitability for consumption, with the characteristics approved by technical conditions, standards or

customer requirements.

PRICE CONTROL 498 471 213 485 – a set of government measures to regulate wholesale and retail prices by establishing maximum growth rates. The amount exceeding the upper price limit is withdrawn to the state budget.

CONTROL FIGURES 564 891 498 718 – non-directive

information reflecting quantitative and qualitative data necessary for planning socio-economic development.

CONTROLLING STOCK 694 81 7918 514 – a share of shares that allows their owner (an individual or a legal entity) to exercise full control over the activities of a joint-stock company. A controlling block of shares must exceed 50% of the par value of shares issued by a joint-stock company, and in some cases 25-30% is sufficient.

CONFLICT 589617 498 71 – incompatibility, conflict of interests in social and labor relations; disagreements between interested parties.

CONCENTRATION OF PRODUCTION 548 671319 714 – a method of organizing production that involves concentrating the means of production of individual producers at large enterprises.

CONCERN 568 714918 214 – a large association of legal entities in the industrial, financial or trade sectors with the aim of establishing a single management while limiting the economic independence of the enterprises and firms that have joined it.

CONJUNCTURE 318 682798 214 – internal and external circumstances (factors) that have a direct impact on the production process and the circulation of funds.

MARKET CONDITIONS 594 712489 216 - conditions of sale

on the commodity market in the relevant period, depending on the ratio of supply and demand, price elasticity and other socio-economic and natural factors.

COOPERATIVE 895 718495 164 - a form of voluntary association of persons for participation in production or consumer

activities on the basis of joint collective (share) ownership.

COOPERATIVE PRODUCTION 589 648751 491 - a form of production relations between specialized enterprises, firms that participate in the joint production of certain products, but while maintaining their economic independence.

CORPORATIVISM 561 491598 64 - a direction of institutional transformation in the conditions of the transition period and the formation of a market economy, based on the union or association of industrial enterprises and financial organizations (industrial and financial groups) based on common economic interests to create economic advantages through the concentration of monetary and industrial capital, but taking into account the interests of labor resources. CORRUPTION 584 721591 68 - a criminal offense based on the use by an official (including political and public figures) of the rights granted to him by law to perform actions punishable by law (one-time or permanent functional orders), paid for in the form of bribes. INDIRECT COSTS 316 718549 612 – current costs that cannot be attributed to the production of a specific product, since they are related to the work of the workshop or the enterprise as a whole, for example, the costs of operating and maintaining equipment, workshop costs, etc. COEFFICIENT OF INTRODUCTION OR RENEWAL OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS 598 491719 617 – a coefficient determined as the ratio of the value of newly introduced fixed production assets during the year to their value at the end of the year. EQUIPMENT UTILIZATION (LOADING) COEFFICIENT 619 712319 714 – coefficient defined as the ratio of actual operating time to the annual fund of equipment operating time.

ASSET DISPOSAL COEFFICIENT 514 491619 71 – coefficient defined as the ratio of the value of fixed production assets liquidated and written off from the enterprise’s balance sheet to their value at the beginning of the year.

STANDARD FULFILLMENT COEFFICIENT 598 649719 817 – coefficient characterizing the overfulfillment of the standardized labor intensity of an operation, part, or product. It is defined as the ratio of the standardized labor intensity to the actual time spent.

EQUIPMENT SUITABILITY COEFFICIENT

518 642 198 487 – coefficient characterizing the share of residual value per 1 monetary unit of the initial cost of the equipment.

INTELLECTUALITY COEFFICIENT 514 214 819

714 – indicator reflecting the level of development of mental

abilities or available knowledge. It is determined on the basis of using a certain set of tests.

MATERIAL UTILIZATION COEFFICIENT

689 712 498 47 – rational consumption of material resources

(raw materials, materials), i.e. the ratio of the weight of the finished product to the total material consumption per unit of production or the weight of the workpiece.

UTILIZATION COEFFICIENT OF THE FLEET OF MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT

498 671219 714 – a coefficient defined as the ratio of the amount of equipment used in the technological process to the amount of equipment included in the fleet of main technological equipment.

EQUIPMENT UTILIZATION FLEET 594 617219 718 – coefficient,

defined as the ratio of the amount of operating equipment to the amount of installed equipment in the main production shops or at the enterprise as a whole.

PRODUCTION SPACE UTILIZATION FACTOR 619 717218 918 – coefficient, defined as the ratio of the cost of gross or marketable output for a certain period (day, month, year) to the total production area, i.e. this is the cost of production per 1 m2 of production area.

DIMENSIONAL PARAMETERS UTILIZATION FACTOR 514 617518 719 – equipment utilization intensity indicator defined as a ratio in which

in the numerator each term is the product of the part dimensional interval by the machine tool utilization factor for parts of this interval, and in the denominator – the product of one of the machine tool dimensional parameters by its utilization factor.

EQUIPMENT SHIFT OPERATING MODE UTILIZATION FACTOR 421 478561 471 – ratio of the actual shift coefficient to the equipment operating mode.

CRITICAL ABSOLUTE LIQUIDITY RATIO 564 719489 471 – an indicator for assessing the financial condition of an enterprise, defined as the ratio of the sum of cash and cash equivalents to current liabilities.

CAPITAL INVESTMENT PAYBACK RATIO 489 714819 714 – an indicator reflecting the period during which advanced capital investments are recouped by savings or profits obtained as a result of the materialization of capital investments.

COVERAGE RATIO 516 719219 71 – the share of production of an enterprise or industry in the total volume of production of the core product.

PURCHASE DEBT RATIO 314 712819 71 - share of the cost of goods sold on credit in the total cost of goods subject to sale.

PROFITABILITY RATIO 614217 - share of profit

in the cost of sold products. Calculated as the ratio of income to sales revenue.

FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS GROWTH RATIO 518 614219714 - coefficient determined as the ratio of the increase in the value of fixed production assets to their cost at the end of the year.

SAVINGS GROWTH RATIO 514 916317 819

- the amount of reduction in the increase in costs attributed to the cost

of the increase in the exchange of production.

RATIO OF INCREMENTAL FUND INTENSITY

519618 94 – an indicator calculated as the ratio of the increase in fixed production assets to the increase in output as a result of an increase in materialized capital investments for a certain period (month, quarter, year).

RISK COEFFICIENT 564841 – the calculated value of expected losses during the transition to the production of new products, attributed to the profit from their sale.

SHIFT COEFFICIENT 589 842819 64 – an indicator of the evaluation of the entire shift use of equipment operating time, which is calculated as the ratio of the number of machine tools worked during the day to the total number of installed equipment.

COEFFICIENT OF CONJUGATION OF THE FLEET OF MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT

491819317481 – an indicator reflecting the ratio of the capabilities of each group of interchangeable equipment included in the technological chain of processing parts included in the finished product.

RATIO OF STAFF TURNOVER 49849148 – the number of people dismissed during the year, related to the average headcount of employees.

RATIO OF CURRENT LIQUIDITY

619 718498 41 – the actual provision of the enterprise with working capital (working capital) for normal business activities under the mandatory condition of timely repayment of the loan and other urgent monetary obligations. Calculated by the ratio of the value of the enterprise's current assets to the amount of current liabilities.

EQUIPMENT PHYSICAL DEPRESSION COEFFICIENT 53012450818 is an indicator reflecting the share of the initial cost of the equipment transferred to the finished product.

ELASTICITY COEFFICIENT 518 619419 714 is the percentage change in the quantity of goods sold per one percent of the change in the price of the goods (product).

TURNOVER RATIO 619 718419 71 are coefficients used to diagnose the financial condition of the recipient enterprise.

PROFITABILITY RATIO 498 614891 471 –

ratios determined by the ratio of profit to cost price, used in diagnosing the financial condition of the recipient enterprise.

LONG-TERM LOAN 514819519471 – a loan issued by a financial and credit institution for the reconstruction and expansion of existing enterprises and the construction of new ones, subject to its repayment within 5 years.

SHORT-TERM LOAN 564 718914 818 – a loan provided to ensure excess stocks of raw materials and materials, for the timely payment of wages and temporary replenishment of the shortage of own working capital, as well as for the introduction of new equipment, technology, subject to its repayment within one year.

PREFERENTIAL CREDIT 618 471219 714 – a loan received on preferential terms, i.e. with a lower interest rate and a longer repayment period for the loan received.

CONSUMER CREDIT 548 671319 71 – deferral of payment for goods.

CREDIT RISK 489 617317 489 – the likelihood of a breach of an agreement on the timeliness of payment for products (services) received on credit, a reduction in revenue when entering the market with a new product, etc.

CREDITOR 514 567319 518 – a legal entity or an individual lending money, providing a loan for a specified period of time with the payment of an interest rate to the creditor for the services.

CREDIT WORTHINESS 498 617218 714 – the ability of an individual or legal entity to fulfill all financial obligations in accordance with the terms of the contract.

BREAK-EVEN CURVE 614812519471 – a curve graphically illustrating the condition under which current production costs are equal to revenue from the sale of manufactured products.

SUPPLY CURVE 489 471819 498 – a curve graphically displaying the law of supply, according to which, when the price increases, the supply increases.

DEMAND CURVE 6441818319 481 – a curve graphically displaying the law of demand, according to which, when the price decreases, demand increases and, conversely, demand falls when the price increases.

OVERPRODUCTION CRISIS 4851481619 71 – a situation in which manufactured goods cannot be sold due to an excess of real demand.

INVESTMENT PROJECT ACCEPTANCE CRITERION 548712317491 – positive balance of accumulated real cash in any time interval in which this participant makes expenses or receives income.

CIRCULATION OF WORKING ASSETS OF THE ENTERPRISE

498 617498714 – includes three stages: at the first stage, working capital is transferred from monetary form to commodity form (production stocks, labor are acquired), at the second stage, production stocks with the participation of tools and labor are converted into finished products; at the third stage, finished products are sold, funds are released from commodity form and again take on monetary form.

11

LAG 481314819371 – an economic indicator characterizing the time interval between two interrelated economic phenomena, such as the beginning and completion of construction of an object, the allocation of capital investments for the construction

and commissioning of construction projects.

LEGALIZATION OF CRIMINAL INCOME 614814 –

actions of criminal groups to organize fictitious confirmation of the legality of the origin of income.

FALSE BANKRUPTCY 219 471 91 – information from a legal entity that does not correspond to reality about its refusal to pay on its debt obligations based on fictitious bankruptcy.

LIBERALIZATION 614 812498 71 – economic freedom in the

market as a consequence of the termination of all restrictions on the

economic activity of commodity producers and intermediaries acting in the market.

PRICE LEADERSHIP 496 712814 718 – the position of a commodity producer regulating pricing policy in the market.

LEASING 514 612518 214 – a long-term form of leasing machines,

equipment and other types of property, providing for

periodic payment of its cost.

LEASING CONTRACT 618 491719 217 – an agreement

between the lessor and the lessee, in which they determine

the rights and obligations of each of the parties, i.e. the lease term, the conditions for the storage, maintenance, operation of machines and equipment,

etc. LIQUIDATION VALUE 498 621314851 – the cost of selling physically worn-out fixed assets (usually at the price of scrap metal).

LIQUIDATION OF FIXED PRODUCTION

ASSETS 498 712619 714 – writing off fixed production assets from the balance sheet of an enterprise due to physical wear and tear

and obsolescence, lack of production needs, etc.

LIQUIDATION OF AN ENTERPRISE (FIRM) 61481481247 –

termination of an enterprise (firm) based on a court decision declaring it insolvent, due to the expiration of the period for which it was created, by decision of the general meeting (for JSC), a higher body (for state-owned enterprises).

LIQUIDITY 419 498519 717 - the ability to convert the assets of an enterprise or firm into cash to pay off the debt on obligations.

MARKET LIQUIDITY 514 712519 61 - the ability of the market to respond to changes in supply and demand by attracting buyers and sellers.

FIRM (ENTERPRISE) LIQUIDITY 516814514817

- the ability of a firm to pay off its debt on its obligations in a timely manner.

LIQUID ASSETS 598671319714 - funds that can be easily converted into cash; balances on bank accounts, inventory items and other items of property that can be quickly sold and included in the amount to pay off debts on obligations. LIQUID ASSETS 548517219419 - a set of cash and other assets with which their owner makes payments on current and credit obligations.

PRICE LIMIT 548714821491 - maximum permissible deviations (increase or decrease) over the period of one stock exchange session.

LIMITED 51486417 - liability of legal entities for their obligations, limited by the amount of share capital. LIMITING PRICING 61482 - a strategy of a dominant firm in the market, which involves reducing the price of goods and services to a level that is not economically justified for competitors.

LICENSOR 219714854891 - an individual or legal entity that transfers to the buyer (licensee) for a certain remuneration its copyright to use an invention, technical or technological solution within

a specified period.

LICENSEE 286148214278 - an individual or legal entity

who purchases the right to use copyright inventions, patents and other technical solutions.

LICENSE TRADE 56457281421 – a form of trading in technology represented by patents, licenses for inventions, know-how, commercial knowledge.

LICENSE AGREEMENT 21487131978 – an official government document confirming the right of a legal entity or individual to carry out economic activities (production, trade, services, etc.), financial transactions for foreign economic services, the use of patented documentation, etc.

LICENSING 69849871949 – a type of government regulation of entrepreneurial activity through the issuance of permits (licenses) under certain conditions for the right to carry out activities in the sphere of production and sell goods and services for profit.

LICENSE 54856748994 – permission to use the product of intellectual labor for a specified period for a certain amount of remuneration.

LOGISTICS 714891319481 – a discipline that studies the processes of management, organization, planning and control over material flows that ensure the promotion of material and intangible objects in the sphere of the production process and product sales.

12

MACROECONOMICS 719489519617 – a section of economic

science devoted to the study of economic problems and

situations at the national economic level, for example, changes

in national income, investment and tax policy,

theoretical aspects of determining labor demand,

methodology for assessing the level of inflation, unemployment, etc.

SMALL ENTERPRISE 718421894851 – a small enterprise of any form of ownership, characterized primarily by a limited number of employees; the most effective form of small business organization in a market economy. MARGIN 948518219471 – income received from the difference in interest rates set for a loan issued to a client and for attracting funds to the bank

MARGINALISM 548518317617 – a direction in economic science that studies economic situations using marginal values, such as marginal costs, minimum wages, marginal interest rates, etc.

MARGINAL COSTS 489513317485 – gross production costs that increase or decrease as a result of changes in the cost of a unit of output due to an increase or decrease in production volume.

MARGINAL REVENUE 51482131957 – income (revenue) received as a result of selling an additional unit of manufactured output.

MARKETING 619481578491 – a system for managing the area of ​​a company’s (enterprise’s) activity that ensures the promotion of goods to the market to meet demand, taking into account the buyer’s requirements and solvency.

MARKETING OPPORTUNITY OF AN ENTERPRISE

514212519718 – development and implementation of an action plan to achieve a competitive advantage in the production and sale of products.

MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES 64859172861 – legal entities and individuals involved in the sale of finished products and services of an industrial enterprise and goods produced by other enterprises.

MASS PRODUCTION 64914871961 - a progressive

form of production organization that ensures significant

volumes of related products with a high concentration of economical and productive equipment and expansion of subject specialization.

MATERIAL INTENSITY OF PRODUCTS 498471 - an economic indicator reflecting the cost of material costs per 1 monetary unit of the cost of production or the cost of gross output

MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES 56417492 - a set of objects of labor (raw materials, materials, fuel, etc.) and tools (machinery and equipment) that process objects of labor.

MATERIAL COSTS 81947148851 - a set of cost items or elements involved in the formation of the cost of a unit of production or the estimate of production costs.

MATERIAL FLOWS 61971841 - a set of material assets (raw materials, materials, parts, semi-finished products,

components) that move in time along a technological route for the sequential execution of operations (procurement, machining, assembly

operations) associated with the manufacture of finished products, as well as the storage and transportation of manufactured products to the consumer.

MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT 518421578491 - a group of fixed production assets, including: power machines and equipment that are designed to generate and convert energy; working machines and equipment used directly to influence the subject of labor or to move it in the process of creating products or rendering services, i.e. for direct participation in the technological process.

MESOECONOMICS 58947569418 is a scientific discipline that studies economic processes at the level of sectors of the national economy and large associations.

MANAGER 54931721854 is a specialist in the organization and

management of production; a professional manager, endowed with executive power.

MANAGEMENT 47854931961 is a set of methods, techniques and means of managing a firm (enterprise) in market

conditions in order to maximize profits. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT OF LABOR 54871231949 - the cost of the leading part of fixed production assets, which serves as the basis for assessing the technical level of production, related to the average number of workers.

MIGRATION OF LABOR FORCE 61971549871 - movement of the working-age population as a result of changes in the economic situation in places of employment.

MICROSURGE 514819519716 - a set of socio-

economic principles of an enterprise that ensure its effective functioning in the market.

MICROECONOMICS 69831721841 - a scientific discipline that studies relatively small-scale economic processes and objects (enterprises, firms).

RISK MINIMIZATION 61421851961 – a set of organizational, technical, economic and managerial measures aimed at reducing risk in the process of financial, economic and production activities.

MULTI-MACHINE MAINTENANCE 5485491941 – the work of one machine operator on two or more machines.

Helps to reduce entire shift equipment downtime

and increase labor productivity.

EQUIPMENT MODERNIZATION 548164918 – improvement, updating of equipment, machines, technological processes in order to increase labor productivity and

improve their economic indicators.

MONITORING 21046101968 – continuous study of the economic activities of enterprises, organizations and other economic entities.

MONOPOLY 348612317514 – the exclusive right of individuals, legal entities or the state to form a product policy, regulate prices and sales volumes.

MONOPOLY PRICE 614891391718 – the market price for goods and services, which is set higher or lower than the cost of goods (services) depending on the interests of producers who occupy a monopoly position in the market.

MONOPSONY 91851631947 – an economic situation in the market in which a large number of competing sellers serve one monopolist buyer.

MORAL HAZARD 61214954718 – the behavior of a legal entity or an individual aimed at deliberately increasing the risk of losses. In this case, they are supposed to be covered by an insurance company.

MORATORIUM 61821331941 – deferment of accepted obligations

to repay a loan, perform transactions under debt agreements.

MOTIVATIONAL ANALYSIS 648317219 – a direction of marketing research associated with identifying the reasons for changes in consumer behavior in the market and assessing their impact on changes in demand.

MOTIVATION 498714 – a condition for the effective implementation of a decision based on material or moral incentives for any activity. Negative motivation is manifested in the imposition of sanctions (reprimand, reduction in the bonus percentage, etc.).

13

PRICE SUPPLEMENT 6983172194 – a markup on the list price of goods and services for the urgency of delivery or performance of services, higher quality of goods.

PRODUCT RELIABILITY 298712314 – one of the indicators of product quality, characterizing the trouble-free operation time of a product under specified operating conditions.

HIRE 31848561 – transfer of property for temporary use for a set fee.

LESSOR 371491 – one of the parties to the lease, which for

monetary compensation provides the lessee with property for temporary use.

OVERHEAD EXPENSES 51948148 – a component of the cost price, reflecting additional costs for the organization, management, technical preparation of production, etc.

CAPITAL ACCUMULATION 6194831947 – materialization

of part of the profit in fixed production assets for the expansion or technical re-equipment of the enterprise

INDIRECT TAX 42131931781 – tax on goods and services, which is established in the form of surcharges on the prices of goods

or tariffs for services.

VALUE ADDED TAX (VAT)

491316318914 - the tax is the rate of withdrawal to the budget of a part of the added value created at all stages

of production of goods, performance of work or provision of services.

PROPERTY TAX OF ENTERPRISES 49871271941 - the tax is levied on fixed assets, intangible assets, stocks and expenses on the balance sheet of the payer.

PROFIT TAX 491819317481 - is a component of the balance sheet profit, which serves as a source of redistribution of national income.

INCOME TAX 42851748948 - the main type of direct

tax, which is levied on the income or profit of an enterprise and

goes to the revenue side of the budget.

DIRECT TAX 4864728941 – mandatory payments to the budget established by law, which are collected from the income or property of legal entities and individuals.

TAXES 271318371478 – mandatory payments collected by central and local government bodies from individuals and legal entities, received by the state and local budgets.

TAX BENEFIT 64851731941 – full or partial exemption from taxes of individuals or legal entities.

TAX REGULATION 58971231947 – measures of indirect influence of the state on the economy, economic and social processes by changing tax policy (tightening tax rates, introducing additional benefits)

to stimulate production efficiency.

TAX SANCTIONS 514217 - a set of methods and

means of influence on individuals and legal entities that violate current tax legislation.

TAXATION 31971851641 - the process of establishing

and collecting taxes paid into the budget by individuals and legal entities on the basis of the current tax system and

tax rates established by law.

PROGRESSIVE TAXATION 59864131971 - taxation that provides for an increase in tax rates as the total income of the taxpayer grows.

PROPORTIONAL TAXATION

61931851971 - taxation that provides for a single

tax rate regardless of the amount of total income of an individual or legal entity.

TAXATION, REGRESSIVE 69871231947 - taxes, the rate of which decreases as total income grows.

COST INCREASE 61931981947 - the totality of costs incurred in the production process (excluding one-time costs).

MARKET SATURATION 498517319641 - a market situation,

when there is no growth in sales of goods.

DEMAND SATURATION 89731949861 - a market situation,

in which prices for many goods and services are sharply reduced,

while demand for individual goods falls.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE ENTERPRISE 618317519714 – activities that mainly come down to applied research and are that stage in the life cycle of a product or technological process when, based on the results of fundamental or in-house research, ideas for a new product or technological process are developed and prepared for implementation.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PRODUCTS 69831971871 – results of intellectual work aimed at increasing production efficiency.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL POTENTIAL 56131957841 – result of the implementation of scientific and technical achievements in the field of material production and scientific and technical organizations.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PROGRESS 564817319418 – targeted use of advanced achievements of science and technology in production in order to improve the efficiency and quality of production processes, and to more fully satisfy the needs of society.

MARKUP 69831721941 – artificial increase in prices to pay for the services of supply organizations; agreed surcharge for the fulfillment by the manufacturer (supplier) of additional requirements of the buyer.

NATIONALIZATION 31981251914 – decision of the state to seize or buy out private enterprises, organizations, or property with subsequent transfer to state ownership.

REAL ESTATE 564812319712 - land, buildings, structures and other capital construction projects erected on them, owned by the state, individuals or legal entities.

UNDIFFERENTIATED MARKETING 48951631841 - a simplified scheme for selling goods, when a manufacturer supplies its product range to the market, with the help of the marketing service tries to expand the circle of buyers, without responding to the interests of the consumer.

UNDERLOADING OF PRODUCTION CAPACITIES

48971231649 - whole-shift and intra-shift losses of operating time of the main technological equipment (taken into account in the calculation of production capacity), exceeding the planned value.

UNFINISHED PRODUCTION 594817319714 – partially finished products that have not fully undergone all technological operations stipulated by the technical conditions for the creation of finished products.

INSOLVENCY 48972131971 - the financial

situation of individuals or legal entities in which they are

unable to fulfill their financial obligations to pay for goods (services) or repay debts in a timely manner.

NON-PRODUCTION COSTS 719 314 5198042178 - current costs not directly related to the implementation of the production process.

INSOLVENCY 316548319714 - the lack of solvency of the debtor to fully satisfy creditors' claims for monetary obligations or fulfill the obligation to pay mandatory government payments, recognized by a government body.

INCOMPARABLE PRODUCTS 589712698714 – products mastered in the current period, as well as products of pilot production manufactured in the previous year, and products for which changes in technical specifications are envisaged.

PENALTY 69831757489 – the amount of the fine for violation or poor performance of the terms of the agreement by one of the parties.

OIL DOLLARS 5648141 – government revenues from the export of oil and other energy resources.

NON-PRICE COMPETITION 598571 – reflection of the quality

and novelty of the goods, the level of service and progressiveness of sales forms, taking into account the specific interests of buyers, etc.

PRICE INELASTICITY 489317918614 – a market situation in which the price remains unchanged when there is a shortage or surplus of a product on the market.

INELASTIC DEMAND 564814319583 – a market situation in which the revenue from the sale of an increased volume of a product does not cover the losses from a decrease in its price.

R & D 69871481 – the activities of research and development organizations and relevant divisions of an enterprise participating in theoretical, experimental, scientific research and development to create new products and advanced technology, taking into account the use of achievements of scientific and technological progress, improving the organization and management of production. "NICHE" IN CONSUMER DEMAND 31971236149 -

the presence of a range of goods that do not satisfy the requirements

of buyers. As a result, a deficit arises and an opportunity appears to enter the market with products that satisfy the

deficit needs of the buyer.

NEW VALUE 49861271941 - this type

of value consists of two parts. The first is the cost of reproducing labor power, reflecting socially necessary labor time, i.e. that part of the worker's time that is spent on reproducing the equivalent of the value of labor power and is estimated by the worker's wages. The other, larger part, i.e. surplus time, is the source of creating surplus value, which is fully appropriated by the commodity producer. PRODUCT NOMENCLATURE 2193174194 – list of goods (services) presented on the market or included in the production plan of the enterprise (firm).

STANDARD 5713196194 – sample, standard, maximum allowable consumption or size, established measure.

DEPRECIATION RATE 48971851947 – share or established rate of percentage of the book value of fixed assets per year.

TIME STANDARD 61431281989 – estimated time standard (in hours or minutes) required to perform a certain work (operation) in the specified organizational and technical conditions of the operating enterprise (firm).

PRODUCTIVITY STANDARD 69874149817 – the established volume of

work calculated for one or a group of workers, which must be completed within a certain period of time (hour, day, etc.) under agreed working conditions.

DISCOUNT STANDARD 31864831951 – a temporarily established

interest rate on dividend payments on shares, deposits, to determine the amount of loan repayment.

MARKET CONDUCT STANDARD 69831729851 – the absence of

collusion between manufacturers represented on the market and forced methods of competitive struggle. It is distinguished by a constantly growing demand for a wide range ofgoods.

RATE OF SURPLUS VALUE 71431651481 – the ratio of surplus value appropriated by the producer (profit) to the cost of reproducing labor power (worker’s wages) or the ratio of surplus labor time, during which surplus value is created, to the necessary time with which labor power itself is reproduced; expressed as a percentage.

MATERIAL RESOURCE CONSUMPTION STANDARD

61857141989 – maximum permissible consumption rate of raw materials, materials, fuel, energy per unit of output. There are annual, operational and technical, individual, and consolidated standards.

MARKET STRUCTURE STANDARD 69831721941 – absence of a dominant role of one manufacturer among widely represented competitors.

PIECE-CALCULATION TIME STANDARD

519418313184 – standard of time required to manufacture a unit of output, and preparatory and final time.

STANDARD 48951721981 – technical and economic indicator reflecting the maximum value of a parameter, the level of resource use.

FINISHED GOODS STANDARD 39861429871 – time

for selection, packaging, accumulation of products to transit standards, delivery, etc.; in value terms – the need for working assets for storing finished goods stocks.

WORKING ASSETS STANDARD 2185182194 – the minimum amount of cash required by an enterprise (firm) to meet the total need for working capital.

WORK-IN-PROGRESS WORK ASSETS STANDARD 56482131981 – the cost of products at different stages of the production process: from

launch into production to release of finished goods. STANDARDIZATION OF MATERIAL RESOURCES

21967149851 – establishment of the maximum permissible quantity of raw materials and materials necessary for the production of products.

KNOW-HOW 6981831974 – the result of intellectual labor,

materialized in scientific and technical solutions that are

used in technological processes and ensure the competitiveness of products and increased production efficiency.

14

PROVISION OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE WITH MATERIAL RESOURCES 21649829871 – the period of uninterrupted operation of an industrial enterprise with an appropriate level of use of available

stocks of material assets.

TAXABLE INCOME 571498 497 – part of the gross income of individuals or legal entities, which serves as the basis for calculating mandatory payments to the budget. EQUIPMENT RENEWAL 671 49881 – replacement of physically worn-out and obsolete equipment with newer and more productive equipment.

TURNOVER OF WORKING ASSETS

548 819319 617 – indicator of the use of working assets,

reflecting the time of one turnover in days

WORKING ASSETS 371 821498317 – the totality of material and monetary resources necessary for the normal

functioning of the production process and the sale of products.

WORKING FUNDS 698 714319 671 – part of working

assets that is completely consumed in each production cycle and the cost of which is transferred to newly created products.

EQUIPMENT 371 498 271 47 – a component of fixed

production assets, including tools used to directly affect the subject of labor.

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF TECHNOLOGICAL

EQUIPMENT 648 471819 472 - a set of measures

to ensure the operability of equipment.

GENERAL PLANT EXPENSES 671 674891 712 - costs

associated with the management and organization of production of the enterprise.

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY

319 617219714 - a business entity whose founders

are liable for failure to fulfill the obligations assumed by the company within the

limits of the value of the contributions made by them.

INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OBJECT

619718 510691 - use of funds to replenish

fixed and working capital, securities, products

of intellectual labor, etc.

SUPPLY VOLUME 808491 47 – the quantity of a certain product that a manufacturer or supplier offers for sale on the market.

SALES VOLUME 497814 – the quantity of product sold.

DEMAND VOLUME 479716819 41 – the quantity of product purchased on the market by the consumer.

HOMOGENEOUS GOODS 514812719 61 – goods (products) sold on the market by various manufacturers as

analogues or substitutes that do not have preference.

PAYBACK PERIOD 719648219 71 – the period during which

expenses are reimbursed by income received from the activities of the

enterprise.

RETURN ON CAPITAL INVESTMENT

51849131948 – the period during which advanced capital investments are recouped by profit (increase in profit) obtained as a result of savings from capital investments.

RETURN ON CAPITAL INVESTMENTS WITH DISCOUNTING 519 617219 714 – the period during which advanced capital investments are recouped

by the income received at the calculated discount rate.

OLIGARCHY 498 715319 718 – a form of government by a group of independent and influential people belonging to the political, economic, and industrial elite.

OLIGOPOLY 519 712614 178 – dominance in production and on the market of a certain product by a small number of producers.

OLIGOPSONY 489 47149818 – a market situation characterized by the presence of monopolistic groups of buyers of a certain product, who have a great influence on the establishment of market prices and changes in the volume of purchases.

OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT 898 916517 – development of management decisions to ensure the timely execution of planned work based on the use of operational calendar plans and shift-daily assignments for each production unit, section, and workplace.

OPERATIONAL LEVEL OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT 917 614219 61 – technical and economic justification of the tasks to be solved, implemented according to the plan of the general strategy of the enterprise.

OPERATIONAL COEFFICIENTS 589 712619 74 – indicators of the enterprise’s activity, reflecting the ratio of profit and expenses, i.e. profit per one monetary unit of expenses.

WHOLESALE LOT 319 628498 71 – a batch of manufactured

products, which is used in the conditions of market relations

to assess the speed of product sales on the market and to establish the deviation between supply and demand.

WHOLESALE TRADE 319 818719 6 – sale of large

lots of goods to intermediaries for subsequent resale.

WHOLESALE BUYER 719 748 – an intermediary representative who purchases goods on behalf of retailers.

ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION 498 617 – the process of rational unification of labor resources with material and tangible elements of production to ensure the planned release of finished goods and provision of services, taking into account the minimization of costs and labor intensity of products.

ORIGINAL DOCUMENT 598 641317064819 – the original copy of the document.

TOOLS OF LABOR 516 714 – the main part of the means of production, i.e. machines, equipment that are directly involved in the production process.

FIXED CAPITAL 514 719 – part of the production

capital; characteristic of private ownership.

FIXED NON-PRODUCTION FUNDS

619 717498 219 – objects of long-term non-production

purpose that retain their natural form and lose their value in parts in the process of their consumption.

FIXED PRODUCTION WORKERS

514 614851318 – a group of workers directly participating

in the process of manufacturing products by acting on objects of labor with tools.

FIXED PRODUCTION FUNDS

914 917219 716 – means of labor that repeatedly participate

in the production process, performing qualitatively different

functions.

RESIDUAL VALUE 648514518714 – part of the value of fixed production assets that is not transferred

to finished products as a result of early termination

of the operation of these funds and their write-off from the balance sheet of the enterprise.

LIMITED LIABILITY 548 612219 71 -

shareholder's liability for the debts of a joint-stock company;

may not exceed the value of his shares.

DISCOVERY 564 714 - a fundamental transformation in the level of knowledge based on the identification of new objectively existing

patterns about changes in the world.

RATIO OF FULL COST OF SALES TO REVENUE 514 712618518 - an indicator reflecting the change in the profitability of an enterprise.

REPORT 798 612319718 - a document reflecting the result of the

work done for a specified period of time.

PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT 712 617 – report on the results of the enterprise’s activities for the year, reflecting information on the total revenue from the sale of products and provision of services, the profit received and the losses incurred.

FINANCIAL REPORT 219 816 – reporting form, including the general balance sheet of the company; profit and loss statement.

BUDGET CONTRIBUTIONS 319 714 – payments to the budget, which are made by enterprises, firms: profit tax, value added tax, excise taxes, property tax.

OFFERER 498641 074981 – an individual or legal entity making an offer.

OFFER 51457149847 – an official proposal to conclude a purchase and sale transaction between individuals or legal entities.

COMPETITIVENESS ASSESSMENT 489718 – an assessment of the financial position and ability of the borrower to repay the loan in a timely manner.

ASSESSMENT OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS

614813519714 – methods used to assess the replacement cost, i.e. the cost that reflects the time required to reproduce the product in modern conditions.

15

SHARE 61489231857 – a monetary contribution of an individual or legal entity that allows acquiring certain rights to

own the property of a joint-stock company, etc.

MARKET PARADIGM 198682718014 – a set of concepts

and principles that reveal the efficiency of the functioning of

market processes.

VALUE PARADOX 748549 – high consumer

value of a product with a low exchange value (price).

EQUIPMENT FLEET 319516818317 – a list of equipment on the balance sheet of an enterprise. There are several types of equipment fleet: main technological, installed, auxiliary, etc.

MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FLEET 49831731881 – part of the equipment fleet used to perform technological operations for the production of products.

LIABILITIES 619714 – the right side of the balance sheet, reflecting the sources of formation of the enterprise's funds, its financing, grouped by their ownership and purpose.

PASSIVE PART OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS 89482149561 – auxiliary part of fixed production assets (buildings, structures, etc.), ensuring the operation of active elements.

PATENT 498792514 – a document certifying the author's right to an invention, as well as permission to use the invention. The latter is valid for a certain period of time established by law. PATENT HOLDER 5186173194 – an individual or legal entity holding the exclusive right of the author to use the invention at his/her own discretion.

LUMPLUM PAYMENT 3174984714 – an integral part of the license agreement, reflecting the amount of payment for the use of the license. The amount of payment is set as a percentage of the economic effect that the buyer of the license will receive as a result of its use.

PENSION 219471 – a form of monetary support for citizens who have reached retirement age established by law.

PENALTY 684397 – a type of penalty, fine for violation of the obligations of the agreement by an individual or legal entity.

Accrued for each day of delay in payment as a percentage of the

amount of overdue payments or unfulfilled obligations.

ORIGINAL COST 51421961871 - cost of acquisition of tools (price), including expenses for transportation and installation; for capital construction - estimated cost.

TRANSMISSION DEVICES 891491 - elements of fixed production assets, with the help of which energy of various types, as well as liquid and gaseous substances (oil pipelines, gas pipelines, etc.) are transferred.

DEMAND OVERFLOW 319618 - excess demand transferred to another market.

PROPERTY REVALUATION 219613819714

- change in the book value of property compared to its original cost, for example, as a result of inflation.

OVERPRODUCTION 51961231961 – an economic situation in which the volume of goods produced (supply) or services exceeds the actual need (demand) and the goods can only be sold at reduced, even unprofitable prices.

INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE STAFF

4813164 – a quantitative and functional characteristic

of the personnel of an industrial enterprise directly or indirectly involved in the manufacture of finished products,

organization and management of production.

LETTER 319314 898 61 – a generalized name for documents of varying content that serve as a means of communication

between institutions and between institutions and individuals.

INFORMATION LETTER 319 317498641 – a letter informing another enterprise or interested party about an accomplished fact or a planned event.

GUARANTEE LETTER 21 918 614 – a document confirming the fulfillment of any obligations.

FLOATING INTEREST RATE 719316319481 – a loan interest rate on term and long-term loans, the amount of which is variable and is periodically revised by agreement between the lender and the borrower at established intervals or at the request of one of the parties.

PLAN 21971231481 – a system of measures or tasks united by a common goal, which provides for their implementation within the established time frame and in a certain sequence. MARKETING PLAN 689710192 4 is a section of a business plan that reflects specific strategies for setting prices and sales volumes for finished products, methods for stimulating advertising activities, and a market concept for managing a company.

PRODUCTION PLAN 728 641 49848 is a section of a business plan that is developed at enterprises involved in the sphere of material production.

PLANNING 471 814821 4 is a management function that consists of making decisions on the main directions of economic development of a company or enterprise based on the development of quantitative and qualitative indicators, as well as determining methods for their implementation.

STRATEGIC PLANNING 318 614514 41 –

direction of planning the economic activity of the enterprise taking into account changes in the external and internal environment, a realistic assessment of the possibilities to take its place in the relevant markets, ensuring the planned level of production efficiency.

SOLVENCY 574 7814981 48 – the ability of individuals or legal entities to fully fulfill their payment obligations on time.

SOLVENCY DEMAND 819 71249141 – funds of buyers (consumers), ensuring the possibility of paying for their needs for material goods and services.

BY-PRODUCT 519 614 – a product (goods) that is created simultaneously in the process of manufacturing the main product.

PRODUCT POSITIONING 618 714217 – a set of

activities to achieve a competitive position of a new product on the market and create conditions for its sale.

PURCHASING POWER 714 718194 71 – the ability to purchase a product (service) per monetary unit.

PURCHASEDPRODUCTS AND SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS

614 715598 17 – an element of cost price, which includes the cost of purchased products and semi-finished products used in the production of products at one enterprise, and the services of cooperative enterprises.

UTILITY 648 712319 614 – the ability of a product or service to satisfy the needs of individuals or legal entities.

MINERAL RESOURCES 219 815317 64 – natural mineral formations of both organic and inorganic origin (e.g. oil, gas, precious stones, ore, etc.) that are used in the production sector as raw materials, materials, and energy resources.

POLYPOLY 514 712319 714 – a market situation in which the number of large commodity producers is limited.

SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCT 614 712514 51 – a product of labor that has not undergone all technological stages (operations) to transform it into a final product.

POVERTY THRESHOLD 491 216498 27 – an officially established minimum income limit, below which recipients of this income are considered poor.

INFLATION THRESHOLD VALUE 341 617519 81 – the maximum inflation level.

ORDER PORTFOLIO 819 714319 617 – a set of orders that a company (enterprise) has; a condition for forming the enterprise's production program, which allows for determining the actual utiliza-

tion of production capacities to fulfill orders in accordance with customer requirements.

AFTER-SALES SERVICE 498 217219 81 – free

services provided to the consumer during the warranty

period after payment for the goods.

INTERMEDIARY 619 71401 8 – an individual or legal entity that assists in a sale and purchase transaction between a manufacturer and a buyer.

DELIVERY 819471 – an agreement obliging the seller to supply the consumer with products and other material assets within a specified time frame and in a specified volume.

SUPPLIER 4981751 – an individual or legal entity, ensuring the supply of inventory items for the production of goods (services).

PRODUCTION VOLUME FLOW 216 491 – the maximum

volume of production that can be provided by available means of production and labor.

REAL MONEY FLOW 619 71421841 – the difference between

the inflow and outflow of cash from investment and operating activities in each period of capital investments.

FLOW PRODUCTION 619 717481 – the most efficient form of production organization, providing for the coordination of technological operations in time, the rhythm of work of each specialized workplace.

CONSUMER 216498517 – an individual or legal entity satisfying their needs by purchasing goods and materials (services).

CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF GOODS 819517214718 –

a set of aesthetic and technical and production properties

of a labor product that ensure the most complete satisfaction of the buyer's needs.

CONSUMPTION 648517 – the use of material goods

or services to satisfy the personal or production

interests of an individual or legal entity.

EQUIPMENT NEED 571481498 – a quantitative assessment of the need for equipment to fulfill the planned production volume (for a month, quarter, year).

CUSTOMS DUTIES 61721451728 – a type of

state tax that provides for a monetary fee on

import, export and transit goods.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

491317 – the legalized right of a legal entity or an individual

to solely dispose of the results of intellectual labor (copyright, patent, etc.).

RIGHT OF OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT 5714988 – the right

to own, use and dispose of property granted to a state enterprise and organizations in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

PROPERTY RIGHTS 561481 – consolidation of legal

norms for the protection of material goods of individuals and legal entities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

LEGAL CAPACITY 4817190 478 – legal capabilities of legal entities and individuals to create and protect property and personal rights and obligations.

PRELIMINARY EXPERTISE OF INVESTMENT PROJECT 619 71481 – justification of the feasibility and viability of the project taking into account the interests of the customer (borrower) and the creditor (investor), as well as the complexity of the project, the degree of risk, the volume of capital investments and the share of their advance by years of development and implementation of the project.

MARGINAL RETURN 519 613318 49 – maximum profit achieved as a result of changing the structure of output by increasing the share of highly profitable products.

MARGINAL REVENUE 698 71489851 – increase in income as a result of selling an additional unit of output.

MARGINAL PRODUCT 64821749879 – the result of using an additional unit of resource to ensure product growth.

SUPPLY 516489488 is a range of products presented on the commodity market by a seller (manufacturer of the product or his representative) for sale at a fixed or contractual price. SUPPLY AND DEMAND 47961251948 are two main and opposite characteristics of a (commodity) market economy.

CONSUMER GOODS 47517489481 are a component of the social product intended to satisfy personal and collective needs.

LABORATORY GOODS 5486719858 are a component of working capital that is completely consumed in one production cycle; initial commodity and material assets (raw materials, materials) that, as a result of the impact of tools and with human participation, are transformed into finished products. ENTREPRENEURSHIP 71974131981 – independent

activity of individuals or legal entities aimed at

generating income, maximum profit from the sale of goods,

performance of work, provision of services.

ENTERPRISE 47131951841 – independent economic entity, endowed with the rights of a legal entity and using its own or leased production assets, which ensure the release and sale of products

(services) to meet the needs of society and obtain

profit.

PRE-PRODUCTION STAGE 61971281914 – stage of the

life cycle of a product, at which research and development work is carried out to create a new competitive product, design documentation is developed and the sequence of technological operations, the need for technological equipment, etc. are established. SURPLUS VALUE 19156481918 – part of the new

value that is created by the worker with the help of surplus

time and is fully appropriated by the commodity producer.

PROFIT 61931851971 – the main goal of entrepreneurial

activity; in a market economy – a transformed

form of surplus value.

PREFERENTIAL PROFIT 61971251949 – part of the gross profit that is partially or fully exempt from taxation in accordance with current legislation.

TAXABLE PROFIT 31851431961 – gross or balance sheet profit reduced by the amount of preferential profit.

PRIVATIZATION 69851671848 – a type of decentralization of production carried out through the transfer or sale

of property from state to private ownership.

RAISED FUNDS 59861731849 – borrowed funds in the form of government or commercial loans to replenish working capital.

APPLIED INDUSTRY SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 49871431981 – new

technical solutions with tasks and proposals aimed at increasing the competitiveness of production and products.

MARKETING PRINCIPLE 51431881947 - in accordance with the marketing theory, the main principles of this management system are aimed at ensuring growth in the level of profitability of production and products, improving production and sales activities in accordance with the interests of the market, positioning, analyzing the state of existing markets and forecasting the prospects for its development, etc.

LABOR PRODUCTIVITY INCREASE 54848131941 - an economic indicator determined on the basis of a reduction in the number of workers or employees.

TEST MARKETING 59871431841 - justification of the economic feasibility of conquering a new market segment based on an average estimate of revenue from short-term sales of the introduced product. MARKET FORECASTING 61431781941 – a scientifically substantiated assumption about changes in market potential:

the size of demand, price dynamics, buyer solvency, the level of competitiveness of products, etc.

PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM

48971231749 – a set of organizational and technical measures, economically justified in terms of resources, participants and

implementation deadlines, which allows for the planned

growth of productivity at the enterprise.

PRODUCT PROMOTION IN THE MARKET 61431851971 – a set of organizational and economic measures,

aimed at increasing demand and increasing sales of goods.

FINISHED PRODUCTS 59871249821 - products that have undergone all technological operations (including assembly and inspection), completed in production in accordance with established standards or technical specifications and delivered to the warehouse for sale.

RELATED PRODUCTS 51648931971 - products directly related to the consumption of the main products and influencing demand.

COMPARABLE PRODUCTS 57484851418 - a set of product ranges manufactured in the planning period, the mass and serial development of which relates to the previous year.

EQUIPMENT PRODUCTIVITY 49871489814

- an indicator characterizing the processing time of a set of parts on compared models of interchangeable equipment.

LABOR PRODUCTIVITY 49861721948 – indicator of the efficiency of using labor resources in material

production.

PRODUCTION LOGISTICS 619712319418 – movement of economically justified material flows in the process of creating finished products, subject to the timely and complete delivery of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, inter-industry and general engineering parts to each workplace along the entire chain of the technological process.

PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

514812518491 – maximum possible volume of production for a certain period (usually a year, a month) with full use of the main production equipment and areas at the enterprise.

PRODUCTION AREA 914818 – part of the total

area of ​​the enterprise where the entire set of technological operations for the manufacture of finished products and provision of services is carried out.

PRODUCTION LOSSES 61489514 – losses arising as a result of deviations in the organization of production,

leading to irrational use of production assets, such as unplanned equipment downtime, increased material costs for the production of a unit of output, etc.

PRODUCTION DELAY 54831749816 – parts, units,

finished products that do not meet the technical conditions

of production and operation.

PRODUCTION CAPITAL 59871489851 – the totality of fixed production assets (fixed capital) and working capital (working capital).

PRODUCTION STAFF 61851731947 – part of the

working-age population that is part of an industrial

enterprise and ensures the performance of all functions related to the production process, from planning

production stocks of material assets, participation in

the main and auxiliary technological operations of the process of production of products, services and management of business activities and up to the sale of finished products.

PRODUCTION CYCLE 2196148197 – stage of the product life cycle, reflecting the period from the beginning of the pro-

duction process of the product to its completion.

PRODUCTION 51421914 – a set of interrelated technological operations, during which, with the help of tools and labor, raw materials and material resources are processed and converted into finished products.

EQUIPMENT THROUGHPUT 648517

– inverse indicator of equipment utilization.

EQUIPMENT DOWNTIME 981498714317 – equipment idleness during working hours.

PROTECTIONISM 519619498714 – government policy aimed at restricting imports by introducing higher tariffs to maintain the competitiveness of domestic goods.

PROFESSION 214618319 917 – the main type of activity

of the economically active population possessing certain knowledge, professional suitability (for example, writer, doctor, scientist, teacher, etc.).

BUDGET SURPLUS 618317914912 – excess of revenue over expenditure.

RISK PERCENTAGE 81971854961 – the possibility of losses for the investor due to changes in the interest rate on the market.

INTEREST RATE 548317219479 – the rate for using a loan.

OTHER PRODUCTION EXPENSES 318471216814

– expenses that are determined on the basis of special calculations and, as a rule, are included in the cost of the corresponding products.

PAST LABOR 518549719612 – labor embodied in the

means of production (machinery, equipment, raw materials, materials, etc.). Unlike living labor, it does not create new value, but acts as a condition for its creation.

16

OVERTIME WORK 498714918217 – work in excess of the working

time established by law.

SEASONAL WORK 98948121971 – periodically performed work, predetermined by natural and climatic conditions.

LABOR FORCE 619318519471 – physical and intellectual capabilities of the working population, which are used in the process of production of material goods and in the social sphere.

WORKING SHIFT 58972489 48 – duration of the working day, legalized by the decree of the legislative authority.

WORKING HOURS 61931781949 – duration of work established by law.

WORKPLACE 519641918517 – primary link of an enterprise, organization or part of the area adapted for the employee to perform a planned task.

WORKING MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT 598314219714 –

the main group of fixed production assets related to the active.

ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM 89562131949 - a market

situation in which the needs of buyers coincide with the

plans of sellers, i.e. at a given price for a product, there is a

balance between supply and demand.

DEVELOPMENTAL MARKETING 498317519641 - the process

of forming demand for goods (services), interest in which is observed in the market, but cannot be satisfied due to the lack of the corresponding products.

DIVISION OF LABOR 58497131964 - the allocation of different types of labor activity in the production process.

PRODUCTION LOCATION 81972489471 - territorial-

economic distribution of material production

taking into account the availability of raw materials and the able-bodied population of the region.

RENTIER 48131781984 – an individual living on the interest received from money capital given as a loan, or on income from securities.

GOODS MANAGER 619712894317 – an individual or legal entity with the right to manage the movement of goods at their own discretion or with the permission of the guarantor.

PROFIT DISTRIBUTION 798641979516 – determining the share of net profit (dividend) for each founder, as well as for the formation of various funds, reserves, etc.

INSTALLMENT PLAN 697518918514 – a form of payment for goods (services) in parts.

FUTURE EXPENSES 3174895196 – expenses incurred in the corresponding future periods.

LABOR COSTS 58979289431 - expenses that include basic payments to individual categories of employees.

PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT AND PREPARATION COSTS 49857189464 - expenses that include costs

for developing new enterprises, workshops, new types of products

and technological processes; for design and construction, development of a technological process for the manufacture of a new product; for redevelopment, rearrangement and adjustment of equipment, etc.

EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION COSTS 59872149874 – costs including the following items: depreciation of equipment and vehicles for moving objects of labor, equipment operation, routine repairs, wear and tear of low-value and quickly wearing

tools and devices, etc.

NON-CASH SETTLEMENTS 94821729878 – settlements made without the use of cash by transferring amounts from the current or settlement account of the payer (buyer) to the account of the recipient (seller).

PRODUCTION EXPANSION 64121489871 – new construction, expansion and reconstruction of existing workshops and

other production facilities, carried out according to the approved project, taking into account the cost estimate. EXPANSION OF MARKETS 74931721978 - development of an action plan to increase sales of goods by entering new markets.

EXPANSION OF DEMAND 4853131947 - increase in demand for consumer goods as a result of population growth or per capita income.

RATIONALIZATION OF PRODUCTION 54874219821 - a set of organizational and technical measures that ensure improvement of the enterprise's performance indicators, for example, growth of profits and profitability, reduction of labor intensity and current production costs, increase in production volume and improvement of product quality, etc.

RATIONAL EMPLOYMENT 5987248949 - quantitative and qualitative composition of the organization's personnel, ensuring the most complete use of labor resources. INTENSIVE SALES 3986497851 – sales of everyday goods that the manufacturer sells through all possible retail outlets that are satisfied with the demand for these products.

EXCLUSIVE SALES 69849131971 – sales of its own products by a manufacturer on a specific market through a single wholesale or retail representative.

SALE OF PRODUCTS 54121381948 – volume of finished products sold on the side and paid for by the buyer.

REAL AMOUNT 69431751947 – solvency of buyers adjusted for inflation.

REAL INVESTMENTS 89851498647 – investment of funds

into the material production sectors to increase fixed

capital and increase production stocks.

REAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY 51731964851 – production of competitive and high-tech products that allow satisfying the interests of consumers in the domestic and foreign markets.

REVERSION 47931851478 – property returned to the original owner.

AUDIT 69831459878 – inspection of the financial and economic

activities of legal entities for the purpose of an objective assessment of the performance of functions established by law.

REGULATION OF THE MARKET ECONOMY

549516938714 – measures of influence on the economy by the state through tax policy, a system of subsidies and benefits, changes in the interest rate for loans, and increased interest in government orders.

PRICE REGULATION 59831489947 – a state procedure for restraining the growth of prices for scarce consumer goods in mass demand as a result of replacing state prices with free ones.

REGULATORS AND DEVICES

548697498 – an integral part of fixed production assets.

ECONOMIC REGULATORS 498481919 47 – a set of state calculations to influence the economy (taxes, interest rates, etc.).

ECONOMY MODE 518497219614 – a set of organizational and technical measures aimed at increasing production efficiency through the rational use of labor and material resources of production, eliminating unplanned equipment downtime.

REGULAR (NOMINAL) TIME FUND

489514898617 – the operating time of a unit of equipment at its

maximum use in the planning period, determined

as the product of the number of working days in the planning period by the number of work shifts and the number of hours per shift.

PRODUCTION RESERVE 49131851864 – a reserve of goods and material assets, cash, which is created to ensure the continuity of the production process, increase the volume of production, and improve its efficiency.

RESERVE EQUIPMENT 517218516214 – part of the park

of installed equipment undergoing scheduled repairs

or in reserve.

RESERVE FUND 519317419814 – a fund that is created

to cover current payments of an enterprise in the event that net profit does not ensure full cash flow during

the expansion of fixed production assets and an increase in

working capital.

REINVESTMENTS 896514312817 – the use of income received from investment operations to advance new investments.

REENGINEERING 49131856471 – activities to improve and restructure existing technical and technological solutions at production facilities.

REQUISITION 89451821964 – the transfer or temporary seizure

of property of an individual or legal entity by order of state bodies.

ADVERTISEMENT 518617319478 – activities for the wide dissemination of information about the company's goods and services, reflecting their technical and economic characteristics and advantages over similar and substitute products.

COMPLAINT 58421871947 – an official statement containing a claim regarding the unsatisfactory fulfillment of the buyer's (customer's) requirements regarding the purchased goods (performance of services).

RECONSTRUCTION OF ENTERPRISE 64851721981 – a direction of capital construction that provides for the implementation of a set of construction and installation measures for the radical restructuring of the enterprise based on the expansion and improvement of the layout of production areas and their re-equipment with new productive equipment and advanced technology.

REMISSION 49131949871 – official permission to be exempt from paying a debt, tax or penalty (fine).

REPAIR OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS

61421721854 – organizational and technical measures to ensure the operability of equipment and machines by replacing or repairing failed parts and units, as well as conducting routine and major repairs of buildings, structures, etc.

RENOVATION 21947131967 – the procedure for replacing physically worn-out and obsolete equipment with similar or more advanced equipment.

RENT 54931481971 – income received by the owner from the use of capital without his participation in entrepreneurial activity, property leased, etc.

RENT FROM NATURAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL

428516317418 is the most effective form of taxation.

PROFITABILITY 498712318491 is the profitability, yield of an enterprise; an indicator of the economic efficiency

of production, reflecting the results of activities.

RENTING 498317818471 is a short-term lease of machines and

equipment without the right of their subsequent acquisition by the lessee.

REORGANIZATION 84951751849 is a system of measures for

restructuring, transforming an enterprise, firm.

RESOURCE SAVING 598148514217 48 is the intensification

of production through the implementation of organizational and technical measures: the introduction of achievements of scientific and technological progress, the rational use of material and labor

resources.

MATERIAL RESOURCES 549317219614 – means of production, i.e. tools and objects of labor created to ensure the process of material production: machines, equipment, tools, devices, raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, etc.

LABOR RESOURCES 61481721954 – a component of the productive forces of society, including the able-bodied population of the country, which has special knowledge, professional training and experience to ensure the production process.

FINANCIAL RESOURCES 71964851978 – funds that are the property of the state, enterprises, organizations and other legal entities and individuals.

RESOURCESENERGYENTERPRISES

61931851964 – a set of all types of energy and energy carriers (power machines, transformer devices and other

energy carriers used for the production and distribution of energy at an enterprise) that ensure the production

process and other energy needs (lighting, heating, etc.).

REFACTION 57849831961 – a reduction in the price of the sold

products as a result of non-compliance of their consumer

properties with the buyer's requirements; deviation from the technical

conditions stipulated in the contract.

RECIPIENT 71971848947 – a legal entity or an individual receiving payments, income; the recipient is also understood to

be a country attracting foreign investment.

RISK 549121 498 – the probability of losses arising from unforeseen adverse conditions.

RISK CAPITAL 51481291948 – advance payment of funds for research and development, the return on which may be problematic, i.e. may not always bring sufficient profit.

RHYTHMICITY OF PRODUCTION 61971231948 – uniform output of products at time intervals (hour, shift, day, decade, etc.) as a result of organizational work at the enterprise.

RETAIL TRADE 498712674918 – activities related to the sale of goods and services on the domestic market to the population, i.e. to the end consumer for personal use.

GROWTH IN PRODUCTION VOLUME 819712498 478 – stage of the product life cycle, which is characterized by an increase in the production of a certain product (goods) due to growth in demand.

ROYALTY 514891619714 – periodic payment to the licensor established in the license agreement for the right to use inventions, patents, know-how, etc.

MARKET 59862481979 – a system of economic relations that arise in the sphere of commodity production as a result of the circulation and distribution of goods and services during purchase and sale.

LOCAL MARKET 5196854871 – a market situation in which relationships between producers (sellers) and consumers (buyers) of goods or services are formed within a certain territorial zone (city,

district, etc.).

MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MARKET

59879481978 – a type of competition when the entire range of products on the market is represented by a large number of producers, whose products are not only specialized, but also differentiated.

OLIGOPOLYSTIC MARKET 56421971981 – a market that occupies a large space, but the pace of its development is limited, on the one hand, by the market of pure monopoly, and on the other, by the market of monopolistic competition. BUYER'S MARKET 81971298749 - economic situation in the market in which prices decrease as a result of overstocking, i.e. the amount of supply at current prices exceeds the amount of demand.

SELLER'S MARKET 71948951964 - economic situation in the market in which prices increase as a result of a shortage of goods, i.e. the amount of demand at current prices exceeds the amount of supply.

EQUILIBRIUM MARKET 54847981971 - economic situation in the market in which the amount of demand is equal to the amount of supply.

REGIONAL MARKET 61871421847 - market for a specific good (service) that is sold in a certain area

(region).

MARKET FOR THE SALES OF GOODS AND SERVICES 48949719857 – an analytical section of a business plan that allows, based on the results of the analysis of the capabilities of existing markets, demand for the company's products (services), to determine the market segments acceptable for the company's products, predetermine possible niches, assess the potential capacity of markets, the planned and actual volume of sales and revenue.

INDUSTRIAL GOODS MARKET

61971231949 – individuals or legal entities selling and

purchasing means of production for the manufacture of other

goods or services that are sold or leased.

LABOR MARKET 59872151964 – a set of legal

entities providing employment to the working-age population, organizing the training and retraining of the temporarily unemployed population and providing them with financial support.

PURE COMPETITION MARKET 71849851971 – a situation

on the market when there are a large number of producers and

consumers manufacturing and buying similar specialized goods.

PURE MONOPOLY MARKET 51948921964 – a type of competition in which the sale of goods on the market is organized by a single producer, while there are no competitors and there are various benefits and privileges from the state.

MARKET SHARE 598713 218064 19 – the share of a certain producer’s goods in the total value of the supply of the corresponding goods presented on the market by various suppliers.

MARKET CONCEPT 519 417 – a concept according to which a producer must focus on the consumer and the market situation, and also provides for a detailed study of demand, economic behavior and buyers’ capabilities.

MARKET CONJUNCTURE 598642319 718 – a periodically arising economic situation, characterized by a set of features and reflecting the economic state of the goods market.

MARKET NICHE 948512 61971 18 – part of the market (segment) that has not been developed by entrepreneurs.

MARKET ECONOMY 598 642719 914 – an economic

situation for which the main condition for the development of the country's economy are the laws of commodity production, i.e. demand,

supply, laws of value, etc.

MARKET PRIORITIES 519 674 819 6 – advantages in

the process of satisfying specific customer needs.

17

BALANCE 519 714819 718 – the difference between cash receipts (debit) and expenses (credit) of an enterprise, firm for a certain period (month, quarter, year).

SELF-PROFIT 498 712819 49 – the principle of efficient operation of an enterprise, firm, according to which all expenses incurred for simple reproduction must be covered by income (revenue) from the sale of manufactured products.

SELF-FINANCING 619 818319 71 – financial and economic activity in which all current expenses for simple and expanded reproduction are reimbursed from own sources.

REHABILITATION 648 894988 71 – a system of state and banking measures to prevent bankruptcy of large industrial enterprises or improve their financial position in the context of an economic crisis (revaluation of property, issuance of loans, subsidies, etc.).

REHABILITATION 498 69419871 – prevention of debt

insolvency (bankruptcy) by issuing securities.

SANCTIONS 514319 618 – economic measures,

providing for moral or material punishment of individuals and legal entities for violation of the terms of a contract, agreement.

SALES 718 648519 71 – a set of measures to ensure the sale of finished products.

SALES LOGISTICS 619 217218 47 is a component of the general logistics system that performs market research (marketing) functions carried out by legal entities and individuals and ensures the promotion of goods from the manufacturer to the buyer with the transfer of legal

ownership rights to the purchased goods.

EXTRA-LONG PERIOD 619 543819 71 is a hypothetical period of time in supply theory that assumes the possibility of changing (improving) current technological processes for the production of products based on the implementation of scientific and technological progress.

EXCESS PROFIT 497 81681947 is the excess of actual profit over the planned or average value. FREE CONTRACTUAL PRICE 514 697894 798 – price formed on a contractual basis between a manufacturer (seller) and a buyer working in a market economy.

PRODUCTION RELATIONS 497 694319 81 – established production relations between legal entities in the process of production, distribution and consumption of aggregate products of material production (supply of means of production, provision of services, etc.).

DIRECT RELATIONS 518 649319 817 – agreements concluded between manufacturers, consumers and suppliers of goods and materials on planned deliveries of various production resources, finished products and provision of services.

PRODUCT COST 694 731918 849 – current

costs of the enterprise for production and sale of products,

expressed in monetary form.

MARKET SEGMENT 548 647194 821 – part of the market of goods, the main consumers of which are united by common interests.

MARKET SEGMENTATION 518 613910 648 – division of the market

into segments according to certain characteristics, for example, by category

of buyers, type of goods, etc.

SEQUESTRATION 319842 197 – state restriction or prohibition on the use of property.

MARKET SECTOR 31489481951 – enlarged part of the market, in

which the product policy of the enterprise is formed under the influence of the tastes and needs of buyers.

SEPARATISM 941 319841 21 – regional economic

policy that provides for the creation of a market independent of the center.

SERIAL PRODUCTION 649 124 489 71 – production

of a certain range of structurally similar products

in small batches (series) and with a set frequency of their re-release.

CERTIFICATE 514 218719 61 – a certificate confirming for a certain period the conformity of a product with technical specifications or certain standards.

SYNDICATE 319 894218 71 – an association of enterprises producing similar products, created for joint commercial activities in order to reduce the intensity of competition and obtain higher incomes (profits) while maintaining complete independence.

SINECURE 316 284919 61 – in a figurative sense, a well-paid position with minimal labor costs.

DISCOUNT 714 824391 68 – the amount of a possible reduction in the basic price of a product as a result of a change in market conditions

(fall in demand, wholesale, etc.) or the terms of an agreement.

WAREHOUSE 397 214218 64 – production premises in which goods and materials (raw materials, materials, finished products, etc.) are stored and prepared for the technological process and sale.

HIDDEN UNEMPLOYMENT 648 217214 81 – an economic

situation in which part of the working population is only formally listed as employed, but does not directly or indirectly participate in the creation of material goods.

COMPOUND INTEREST 498 728519 742 – coefficient used to determine the amount of loan repayment and

determine the base for calculating investment payments

MARKETING SERVICE 498 197519 814 – a set of enterprise divisions involved in planning sales volumes, analyzing current markets in terms of demand, price, competitors' capabilities, etc.

NON-PRODUCTION EXPENSES ESTIMATE

894 716219 418 – summary of costs for containers, packaging, transportation of finished products, commission deductions to sales

organizations, etc.

INCOME AND EXPENSE ESTIMATE 498 718519 647 – document reflecting the amount of upcoming income and expenses.

ESTIMATE OF GENERAL PLANT EXPENSES 548 648319 712 -

estimate including expenses for enterprise management (salaries of management staff, business trips and relocations, maintenance of fire and paramilitary security; general business expenses, etc.).

ESTIMATE OF EXPENSES FOR PREPARATION AND DEVELOPMENT

OF PRODUCTION 548 671319 894 - an estimate that is compiled

for newly developed products or technology for each

division of the enterprise, and then summarized into a single estimate with a breakdown of costs by cost items and cost elements. EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION COST ESTIMATE 219 317498 648 – estimate including the following cost items: depreciation of equipment and vehicles; operation and routine repairs of equipment and vehicles; intra-plant transportation of goods; wear and tear of low-value and quickly wearing tools, devices, etc.

SHOP COST ESTIMATE 514 917219 814 – estimate including the following items: maintenance of shop management staff and other personnel; depreciation of buildings and structures, inventory; costs of testing, experiments, research, labor protection; wear and tear of low-value and quickly wearing inventory. ESTIMATED COST OF CONSTRUCTION

519 648 518 742 – expenses necessary for the construction and commissioning of fixed production assets in accordance with the approved project.

OWNER 549 317 498 174 – an individual or legal entity with the rights of ownership, use and disposal of property.

PROPERTY 189 472 194 898 – ownership of the means and products of production by certain persons – individuals or legal entities.

SHARE OWNERSHIP 613 482 819 718 – property owned by several individuals or legal entities with a certain share for each participant.

OWN WORKING CAPITAL 519 648319 712

– part of working capital that characterizes the property independence and financial stability of the enterprise.

JOINT VENTURE 649 724319 814 – form of organizational management structure that does not exclude the participation

of foreign partners. The goal is the development of material production and scientific and technical activities.

JOINT OFFER 614 482318 614 – economic situation that reflects the close connection of one product with another. For example, an increase in demand for cameras will lead to an increase in demand for photographic films.

SOLIDARITY 49851749854 – personal responsibility for the

fulfillment of assigned tasks in solving social and labor problems.

STRUCTURES 598748319 71 – a passive component of fixed production assets, including engineering and construction facilities necessary for the implementation of the production process and not associated with a change in the objects of labor

(pumping stations, tunnels, bridges, etc.).

COMPARABILITY OF OPTIONS FOR THE EFFICIENCY OF

CAPITAL INVESTMENTS 698 798719418 – a method used in the implementation of scientific and technological progress, when there are several options for solving an economic problem, each of which differs not only in one-time and current costs, but also in production volumes.

SOCIAL SPHERE 498 479 819 617 – branches of the national economy that do not participate in material production, but ensure the organization of service, exchange, distribution and consumption of goods, as well as the formation of the standard of living of the population, its well-being.

SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP 518 649319 712 – protection of interests in social and labor relations. PRODUCTION VOLUME DECLINE 694 218549 714 – stage of the product life cycle when the technical and economic characteristics of the product do not fully meet consumer requirements, which causes a gradual reduction in the production volume of this product until it is replaced by a new or modernized one.

PARTEL SPECIALIZATION 698 714 218 718 – independent production of parts and assemblies that are subsequently used to complete finished products.

For example, the bearing industry.

SUBJECT SPECIALIZATION 698 749219 814 – concentration of production of a certain range of products intended for various sectors of the national economy.

PRODUCTION SPECIALIZATION 614 712819 716 -

a form of production organization based on the division of labor.

TECHNOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION 319 684218 712 -

creation of separate independent enterprises for the implementation of individual stages or operations of the technological process of

production.

SPECIALTY 498 682319 497 - specialization of labor

activity within a specific profession, requiring the presence of special knowledge, education, and experience.

SPECIFICATION 317 498479 641 - a document that reflects the list of parts and assemblies of the designed

product, indicating its weight, the material used, and the quantity per unit of finished product.

DEMAND 518 681 319 719 is an economic category characteristic of commodity production and reflecting the aggregate social need for various goods, taking into account the solvency of buyers.

SECONDARY DEMAND 317 694 318 817 is demand for a product that is directly dependent on the demand for another product.

SOLVENCY DEMAND 317 498 219 641 is a change in demand depending on the growth or decrease in consumer income.

UNIT ELASTICITY OF DEMAND

519 691 917 819 is a market situation in which the rate of growth

of demand is equal to the rate of price decline or the rate of price growth is equal to the rate of demand decline.

COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES 516 319 318 617 – a set of features that allow you to select the most economical option for an event, resource, cash, etc. AVERAGE ANNUAL COST OF WORKING ASSETS

564 813 319 814 – calculated as the average chronological value,

the input and output of working capital is timed to the middle of the month.

AVERAGE ANNUAL COST OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS 798 694 219 917 – an indicator reflecting the change in value during the year as a result of the input of new and the output of physically worn-out and obsolete fixed production assets.

AVERAGE ANNUAL VALUE OF PRODUCTION

ASSETS 594 712 319 614 – the sum of the average annual value of fixed production assets and working capital.

AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES

519 618 319 491 – quantitative assessment of the enterprise’s payroll personnel on average for a certain period (month, quarter,

year).

AVERAGE AGE OF EQUIPMENT 819 498 796 315 – average age of the equipment fleet.

FUNDS IN SETTLEMENTS 548 614 819 714 – cash assets of the enterprise temporarily withdrawn from circulation for settlements with individuals and legal entities.

FUNDS IN SHIPPED GOODS 54831941948 -

part of non-standardized working capital that is shipped

to the consumer without advance payment, i.e. the consumer transfers funds for the shipped products to the manufacturer's bank account after receiving the goods.

BORROWERS 548 491319614 - source of formation of working capital; funds received in the form of a bank loan (credit) and from other sources, temporarily at the disposal of the enterprise and used equally with its own working capital.

MEANS OF PRODUCTION 694 718519 642 - a set of

means and objects of labor used in the process of material production (machinery, equipment, raw materials, materials,

etc.). MEANS OF LABOR 549 498317 318 - a set of material means by which a worker affects objects of labor, changing their physical and chemical properties.

LOAN TERM 548 647218 917 - the period of time during which the borrower is obliged to repay the entire amount of the loan, taking into account the interest rate for using the loan.

INVESTMENT PAYBACK PERIOD 549 648219 717 - the period required to repay the loan, taking into account the interest rate due to the profit received from the implementation of the advanced loan.

FULL DEBT REPAYMENT PERIOD

498 217317 49 - an additional indicator of the effectiveness of the investment project.

EQUIPMENT SERVICE LIFE 574 481319 614 – the period from the start of equipment operation (beginning of the depreciation

period) until its complete physical wear and tear (end of the depreciation period).

LOAN 318 648219 714 – the transfer of funds or property by an individual or legal entity on loan to another individual or legal entity on the condition of return after a specified period, taking into account the payment of interest for the use of the loan.

ECONOMIC STABILIZATION 318 648219 671 – restoration of the country's economy (economy) after a crisis; a state that meets the interests of all segments of society.

RATE 719 684219 817 – the established amount of payment for a loan, property rent, wages, insurance payments, etc.

STAGNATION 498 648319 217 – the economic situation in

the country, reflecting a suspension of growth or a decline in the volume of production with a reduction in the number of employees (an increase in unemployment).

STAGFLATION 497 248598 641 – the state of the economy, including stagnation and an increasing inflationary process.

STANDARD 749 319498 218 – a normative and technical document establishing norms and requirements for the quality and dimensional parameters of objects of labor and products. It is used

as a standard for comparison. STANDARDIZATION 648 217319 641 – introduction of uniform state norms and requirements that are mandatory for manufacturers and allow to reduce the range of manufactured products in the direction of further specialization of production.

MACHINE CAPACITY OF THE ANNUAL PROGRAM

548 497497 17 – time of production of the entire range and volume of parts processed on the machine during the year.

MACHINE CAPACITY OF THE PART 614185498714 – time of processing the part on the machine in accordance with the technological conditions, which is measured in minutes and hours.

STATUTE 498318485481 – charter, regulation on the rights and obligations of an individual or legal entity.

MATERIAL INCENTIVE 104218314261 – material

benefits to stimulate labor activity.

SALES INCENTIVE 54831721947 – a set of organizational measures stimulating growth in demand for the sale

of goods (services).

STIMULATING MARKETING 498614219517 – market conditions when there is no demand for certain goods and services, i.e. the supply is not sold.

PROPERTY VALUATION 619317219498 –

total costs of forming the entire set of fixed production assets and working capital, as well as costs of maintaining fixed production assets in working order.

VALUE ASSESSMENT OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS 548317314814 – determination of the value of fixed production assets. There are several types of valuation assessment.

VALUE 218498 461 – labor embodied in the product; price of the product or service.

BOOK VALUE 548 614891 498 – value of fixed assets and intangible assets at which they are accepted for accounting.

VALUE ADDED 648517219 648 – value of the product minus the value of materials used for the production of this product.

CONSUMER VALUE 518 491319 614 – the ability of a product (service) to satisfy certain needs of the population and material production.

SURPLUS VALUE 694 191219 478 – the part of the created industrial output, in the cost structure of which the costs of living labor are not paid by the producers.

STRATEGIC MARKETING 498 671481 216 – the condition

of timely provision of the corresponding market with certain goods with a given volume of deliveries.

STRATEGIC LEVEL OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT 694 217319 848 – quantitative assessment of potential buyers, with the help of which the goals and objectives of the enterprise are formed to meet the needs of potential buyers, the need for material and labor resources for the implementation of planned activities is ensured, recommendations on strategy are developed aimed at ensuring the most favorable commercial activity. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 519 642719 518 – the process of developing long-term goals and objectives associated with the formation of a promising production program (order portfolio, provision of financial, material, labor resources), establishing and maintaining relationships with suppliers of material resources and consumers of finished products (services), raw materials markets and labor exchanges, etc. STRATEGIC HRMANAGEMENT

719 642519 684 – management of the formation of the organization's labor potential that meets the requirements of a market economy

and ensures an appropriate level of competitiveness of the enterprise's employees and the production process (staffing with appropriately qualified labor resources) taking into account constant changes in the economy and legal regulation, establishing relationships and interactions with organizations that supply material resources and facilitate the sale of finished products and services, as well as changes in the external environment.

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY 548 748919 216 – the process of attracting customers and winning a certain market share by using lower prices in comparison with similar products

presented by competitors.

MANUFACTURER STRATEGY 614 897319 648 – an integral

part of the product policy aimed at producing goods

with minimal costs as a result of using cheaper material and labor resources, growing the image of the enterprise and goods, increasing the level of competitiveness of production and products.

INSURANCE 497 194849 641 – formation of an insurance

fund at the expense of contributions from insured legal entities and individuals to compensate for the losses of the insured.

PROPERTY INSURANCE 519 614812 – a type of insurance, the object of which is the property of citizens and enterprises.

PROPERTY STRUCTURE 104 198 498471 – a structure reflecting the share of each element included in the list of

property, i.e. the share of fixed assets and non-current assets, mobile assets, inventories and costs, accounts receivable, cash and securities.

STRUCTURE OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS 814 641319 71 – share of the value of each classification group in their total value.

STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRY 318 492819 714 – classification of economic activity of industrial enterprises by industries or complex industries.

STRUCTURE OF MARKET 714 864914 712 – main characteristic

features of the market: number of manufacturers represented on the market and their sales volume; share of firms with similar or interchangeable product range; quantitative assessment

of manufacturers entering and leaving a specific market.

COST STRUCTURE 819 671219 78 – share of current costs for each cost item in the cost of a unit of production or share of each element of current costs in the total amount of current production costs. CURRENT COST STRUCTURE BY TYPE OF COSTS

498 317316 21 – share of costs that change depending on the volume of production (variable costs), i.e. share of raw materials, basic materials (including components), energy for technological purposes, wages of the main production workers.

STRUCTURAL SHIFTS 64851331849 – change in the share of a particular product range item as a result of an increase in the volume of highly profitable products, removal from production or reduction in the volume of production of obsolete and uncompetitive products.

SUBLENASE 194 471 – transfer by the lessee of a part of the leased property to a third party. The right of sublease

is provided for in the lease agreement.

SPHERE OF MATERIAL PRODUCTION

497 148219 6143172194 – a complex of branches of the national economy that produce and sell products of material

production (industrial, agricultural products, etc.), including the provision of material services for supply, purchase and sale, etc.

SPHERE OF SERVICES 648314219715 – provision of material and intangible services by various branches of the national economy.

CURRENT ACCOUNT 319718904614 – a document reflecting

the availability of available funds temporarily stored in credit and financial institutions. Used in cash settlements with individuals and legal entities.

ACCOUNTING CHAMBER 217214219317 is a government organization that exercises control over the formation, distribution and use of public funds.

RAW MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 798548 498617 is a cost item that reflects the cost of basic materials and raw materials that are an integral part of the product, as well as the cost of auxiliary materials used in the manufacturing process of the product.

18

TIMETABLE 548 617219 617 is a daily record of the working time of each employee of the enterprise.

SUPPLY TABLE 489 748987 615 is a summary table reflecting the supply volumes of a certain product at different prices for it.

TACTICAL PLANNING 497 674898 491 – development of plans for the distribution of enterprise resources in the process of implementing strategic goals.

CUSTOMS BARRIER 649 749319 74 – establishment by the state of high rates of duty on imported goods in order to limit their supply.

TARIFFING OF WORKS 748 671219 817 – establishment of tariffs for services and wage rates.

TARIFF GRID 497 678498 741 – list of rates for wages.

TARIFFS 549718 649 714 – system of officially established rates at which enterprises pay for various production and consumer services, for example, wage rates, transport tariffs.

FIRM PRICE 574 617217 914 – a price that is constantly in effect throughout the entire term of the agreement, for example, the price of the goods supplied.

FIRM OFFER 548 671571 498 41 – an offer

of a manufacturer (seller) to sell a certain batch of products, which is valid until a response is received from the buyer and does not allow this product to be offered to other buyers.

STAFF TURNOVER 519 614 – a reduction in the number of employees of an enterprise (institution) as a result of their dismissal for one reason or another. The turnover rate of workers is defined as the ratio of the number of dismissed to the average number of employees.

CURRENT PRODUCTION COSTS 718 648 – the total of material and labor costs for the manufacture of products. Includes wages of key production workers, raw materials and supplies, purchased goods and semi-finished products, depreciation, spare parts for repairs, low-value and quickly wearing items, fuel, etc.

PRODUCTION GROWTH RATE

518,671,819,491 – the ratio of the actual cost of manufactured goods and services rendered to the planned value or the ratio of the total cost of the next year to the previous one.

PRICE DECREASE RATE 51,841 – an indicator used to calculate the price elasticity coefficient, which is defined as the ratio of the old price to the new one.

TENDER 189,417,218,489 – a competitive form of placing orders for the supply of goods and materials and the performance of contract work in order to ensure economically favorable conditions for their implementation.

SOLVENCY THEORY 619,71,481,851 – a theory of taxation that provides for an increase in the tax rate as the taxpayer's income increases.

SUPPLY THEORY 485 648498 71 – an integral part of the economic theory of the market; studies the causes and conditions that influence the formation of supply in the market of goods and services.

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS

519 617218 419 – a system of planned or accounting indicators reflecting production volumes in physical and value terms, the use of material and labor resources, means of production, for example, the cost of gross or marketable output, return on assets, output, duration of turnover.

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION

5980750171 319891 – confirmation of the feasibility of implementing a proposed project for construction, technical re-equipment, reconstruction of an enterprise, etc. TECHNICAL RE-EQUIPMENT 518 617219 718 – a system of organizational and technical measures that provides for the implementation of scientific and technical progress, aimed at improving the fleet of basic technological equipment, current technology, replacing physically worn-out and obsolete equipment, eliminating “bottlenecks” in the production process. TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT 514 812498 714 – various groups of devices, characterized by dozens of names, i.e. devices designed to install and secure workpieces in the required position relative to the working parts of the machine and cutting tools. TECHNOLOGICAL PREPARATION OF PRODUCTION

518 617219 498 – organizational principle of distributing tasks (works) for preliminary development of standard and advanced technological processes reflecting the sequence of technological operations for manufacturing the planned product.

TECHNOLOGICAL WASTE 549 617219 814 – irretrievable inevitable waste. At the stage of technological preparation of production, this waste is minimized as a result of technical preparation of the material for industrial consumption.

TECHNOLOGY 614 812498 798 – a set of sequentially performed operations in the process of manufacturing a product (providing a service).

PRODUCT MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY

718 649316 217 – the process of implementing technological operations to process material resources and transform them into

parts with subsequent assembly into a product.

COMMODITY 489 643198 494 – an economic category, a product of labor, produced to meet public needs through exchange or purchase and sale.

COMMODITY SITUATION 319 688316 491 – the position

of a certain product on the market, characterized by the relationship

of supply and demand for this product and the dynamics of its change

under the influence of various factors.

COMMODITY POSITION 719 617219 818 – the level of competitiveness of a product that partially or fully meets consumer requirements and occupies a certain position on the product market.

PRODUCT POLICY OF THE ENTERPRISE 698 471319 64 -

a component of the long-term plan for production development

(business plan), including a preliminary selection of the range of products and services that should subsequently be included in the production portfolio.

PRODUCT SUPPLY 589 712498 714 - a set of

goods and services presented on the market. The correspondence between demand

and supply characterizes the market as balanced.

COMMODITY AND MATERIAL VALUES 518 671219 49 -

a component of working capital that ensures uninterrupted production and economic activity of the enterprise and includes the cost of production stocks, balances of unfinished production and finished goods.

COMMODITY STOCKS 518 671294 498 - finished goods,

prepared for sale and located in the sphere of commodity

circulation, i.e. in a warehouse, on the way, etc.

PRODUCT ASSORTMENT 418 016078498 - a list of goods prepared for sale.

TURNOVER 481 614217 498 – movement of goods in the sphere of

circulation; cost assessment of sold and purchased goods

for a certain period.

PRODUCER 497 214318 471 – an individual or

legal entity organizing the production of products.

GOODS OF PASSIVE DEMAND 598 641219 718 – goods

presented on the market, but not in demand among buyers, i.e. related to a narrow market segment, for example, expensive and fashionable goods, products made of precious metals, etc.

GOODS OF EVERYDAY DEMAND 319 491298 714 – consumer goods that the buyer purchases constantly depending on needs at the time of purchase and sale.

FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX

618 317219 489 – a set of enterprises from various industries

producing and processing fuel and energy resources.

FUEL AND ENERGY RESOURCES FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PURPOSES 619 518498 717 – a cost item

reflecting current costs of fuel for foundry production and heating metal in the forge and press shop, the cost of energy for electric furnaces, process equipment, lighting, heating, etc.

TRADE REVENUE 614 318519 718 – cash proceeds from the sale of goods.

TRADING COMPANY 648 317499 148 – an organization that ensures the sale and delivery of material assets on the basis of a legally executed agreement indicating commercial liability for deviations in delivery times and the number of order units.

CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 485 471898 17 – a public organization that acts as a legal entity to assist in the development of economic, scientific, technical and trade relations.

POINT OF INDIFFERENCE 489 497513 497 – an economic state in the activities of an enterprise when current costs for additional production volumes are equal to the revenue received from the sale of these products.

BREAK-EVEN POINT 483 488519 471 – the level of produc-

tion of products at which the proceeds from their sale

are equal to the current costs of their production.

LOSS POINT 498 431485 471 – the economic situation at the enterprise at which the proceeds from the sale of products are less than the current costs of production.

TRANSNATIONAL MONOPOLY 819 712498 714 –

the largest industrial and financial organizations with a high concentration of production and capital both within the country and

abroad.

TRANSPORT LOGISTICS 648 712895 718 – one of the

functions of logistics, which is entrusted with the delivery of material assets to the consumer.

TRANSPORT FORWARDER 648 751319 48 – a legal entity that carries out the transportation of material assets on its own transport, taking into account the interests of the customer, based on current tariffs, ensuring the reliability of delivery of the order set, timely delivery, etc.

TRUST 949 612518 489 – an association of several similar

enterprises, in which its participants completely lose their

commercial, production and legal independence.

LABOR 649 714819 217 – targeted activity of the working-age population, providing for the creation of material assets and the provision of services with the help of

the means of production. LABOR RESOURCES 584 614819 714 – the able-bodied part of the population of the state at the age established by law, possessing the intellectual and physical qualities, as well as special knowledge and experience to carry out the process of production of material goods and provision of services.

LABOR-INTENSIVE PRODUCTS 719 648519 717 – products,

the production of which is associated with high labor costs.

LABOR-INTENSIVE PRODUCTION 698 191319 81 – industrial production, where the largest share in the cost estimate falls on wages.

LABOR INTENSITY OF THE ANNUAL PROGRAM 648 217519 419

– total labor costs required to fulfill the annual production program.

LABOR INTENSITY OF A PRODUCT 614 512198 718 – labor costs for the manufacture of a unit of a product or a unit of work.

19

LOSS 714 482519 648 – in the business practice of an enterprise and other individuals and legal entities – losses of inventory and cash as a result of expenses exceeding income, actual production costs exceeding planned costs, current production costs exceeding revenue from their sale.

UNIT OF PRODUCT ASSET CAPACITY

NORMAL 548 671319 781 – an indicator that is developed on the basis of economic and mathematical modeling, allowing one to assess the influence of production factors-arguments on its value in individual intervals of the prospective period.

SPECIFIC INTENSITY OF A UNIT OF PRODUCT

OR SERVICE 514 718517 485 – an indicator reflecting the cost of fixed production assets per unit of product or service.

SPECIFIC INTENSITY OF EQUIPMENT OPERATION 471 318318471 498 – an indicator reflecting the cost of fixed production assets per 1 hour of main equipment operation.

SPECIFIC CAPITAL INVESTMENTS 491 714498481 – the amount of one-time costs per unit of annual growth in production volume or per unit of growth in fixed assets.

SPECIFIC CURRENT COSTS 698491317 485 - current

production costs per unit of output.

SPECIFIC WEIGHT OF THE ACTIVE PART OF FIXED PRODUCTION ASSETS 549 647498 61 - share of the cost

of fixed production assets attributable to the active

part, which is the leading one and serves as the basis for assessing the technical level and production capacity.

"BOTTLE SPOT" 431 489516 71 - a situation that develops as a result of deficiencies in the organization of production, when the workplace is not provided with material, labor or fuel and energy resources; excess of labor productivity in the previous technological operation

(or equipment throughput) over labor productivity in the subsequent operation, arising as a result of the inconsistency of the main technological equipment fleet.

UNITARY ENTERPRISE 649 317318 64 – state commercial organization without the right of ownership of property.

UNIFICATION 518 316497 48 – organizational and technical

measures to reduce the unjustifiably large variety of manufactured products and means of production, including

reducing the number of their standard sizes and modifications by

bringing them to uniformity in form, size, structure.

LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT 694 712814 914 – a list of organizational and technical measures aimed at ensuring the timely conversion of assets into cash for settling liabilities. INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT 519 617218 419 – development and use of a management mechanism to ensure the normal functioning of the production and sale of finished products (provision of services) taking into account the rational use of material, labor and financial resources, comparison of the results of the enterprise's economic activity with costs.

RISK MANAGEMENT 719 649818 716 – a list of organizational and technical measures developed to reduce the risk of operations.

DEMAND EQUATION 694 713519 498 – an economic and mathematical model in which demand or the amount of demand is a variable value depending on changing factors.

TRUST LEVEL 678 491316 497 – a technical and economic

assessment of the influence of each indicator included in the corresponding group of technical or economic indicators that determine the relative level of competitiveness of production or products.

ACCELERATED DEPRECIATION 719 649518 714 is a method that allows transferring a large part of the cost of fixed production assets to finished products in the first years of their operation.

CONTRACT TERMS 794 718319 671 is a legally agreed bilateral or multilateral agreement that sets out: terms of sale and purchase, product characteristics, price, term of fulfillment of obligations, as well as mutual rights and obligations of the parties.

CONDITIONAL SAVINGS 548 691319 814 is the estimated amount of savings resulting from the introduction of scientific and technological progress into the production process or the implementation of other organizational measures included in the plan.

CONDITIONALLY NET PRODUCT 619 728518 641 - newly created value, which is the difference between the cost of marketable products (at wholesale prices of the enterprise) and material costs (wages, profit, depreciation).

SERVICES 4931518641491 - types of work as a result of labor

non-production activity of an individual or legal entity in order to meet certain needs of buyers (customers).

AUTHORIZED FUND OF THE ENTERPRISE 649 748219 817 - source of formation of fixed production assets and working capital of the enterprise at the expense of budgetary appropriations, funds of founders and participants, share contributions.

INSTALLED EQUIPMENT 549 318564 714 -

machines, machines and other equipment put into operation

and fixed at the workplace, as well as equipment under repair, even if it is temporarily dismantled.

SUSTAINABLE LIABILITIES 497 618319 737 - part of the current

assets that do not belong to the enterprise, but are at its

disposal.

BRAIN DRAIN 315 478498 671 - the process of leaving their

country of intellectual workers and highly skilled workers for permanent residence (or temporarily) in another country.

INDUSTRIALWASTE DISPOSAL

317 498513 471 - processing of industrial waste for their further use; one of the ways to improve the efficiency of using material resources.

MARKDOWN 574 648319 717 – reduction of the originally set price of goods.

INCOME DISCOUNTING RATE 314513318451 – share of average

net profit received from the implementation of an investment

project and attributable to the amount of advanced monetary

capital (cost of an investment project).

PROPERTY DAMAGE 518319314317 – natural

or monetary losses and damages arising as a result of

violations in the organization of production, failure to fulfill contractual terms, non-compliance of the quality of supplies of material

values ​​with technical specifications or standards.

20

PHASES OF THE ECONOMIC CYCLE 619314 801316846 –

cycle of stages, i.e. peak, recession or crisis, depression, recovery, upswing.

ACTUAL OPERATING TIME OF A UNIT OF EQUIPMENT 501 648719491 – time required to produce a certain volume of output.

TIME FACTOR 128491 649718 – factor that ensures, when calculating the efficiency of capital investments, that the different timing of capital investments is brought to a single point in time.

SUPPLY FACTORS 491 617318 78 – factors influencing the cost of goods presented on the market, i.e. the cost of resources, the efficiency of technological processes, taxes and benefits, competitiveness and prices for similar goods. PRODUCTION FACTORS 519 471218 614 – the main elements of the production stage of creating material goods and services (means of production, labor resources, etc.). RISK AND UNCERTAINTY FACTORS

714 893219 618 – factors that are taken into account in calculating the efficiency of capital investments under various project implementation conditions. The following methods are used. LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH FACTORS

718 649 317 713 – qualitative and quantitative changes in the

organization of material production, ensuring the growth

of labor productivity.

COST REDUCTION FACTORS

498 314 219 618 – a system of organizational and technical measures carried out in order to reduce current costs of production and sales of products.

FIXED PAYMENTS 719 748 219 642 – mandatory payments to the budget of a portion of the profit, the increase of which is not associated

with the use of production reserves, but is the result of budgetary allocations for the development of an enterprise, firm.

FINANCING 578 491319 641 – the activity of an enterprise, firm, aimed at providing financial resources for the needs for one-time and current costs.

FINANCIAL CONTROL 319 648218 714 – control over the

activity of a firm (enterprise) by the bank, which is carried out on the basis of the use of planned cost

indicators and covers the production, distribution, circulation and consumption of goods and materials in monetary

express.

FINANCIAL PLAN 485 461319 618 – a plan reflecting in monetary

form the balance of income and expenses, as well as the financial

results of the enterprise (firm).

FINANCIAL FLOW 491 516218 614 – movement of monetary (financial) resources, which act as a logistical system of financial and economic relations in the process of

promotion of commodity-material and intangible assets (services, working capital, intangible assets, etc.).

ENTERPRISE (FIRM) FINANCES 514318319418 – a system of financial and economic relations that arise in the process of circulation of fixed production assets and working capital in the sphere of production and circulation.

FIRM 47131421981 – an industrial, commercial or business enterprise, endowed with the rights of a legal entity.

CONSULTING FIRM 549491819471 – special

organizations providing consulting services to industrial enterprises and individuals on current issues of economics, law, and finance.

FISCAL POLICY 51831949871 – state policy in the field of taxation and formation of the revenue and expenditure parts of the state budget.

FISCAL REVENUES 516481319471 – results of the activities of fiscal monopolies that have a monopoly on the production and trade of certain goods (wine and vodka, tobacco products).

EQUIPMENT WORKING TIME FUND

619714219614 – calendar working time fund of a unit of

equipment , calculated as the product of the number of calendar days in a year, quarter, month, decade and 24 hours.

CIRCULATION FUND 548319619718 – fund ensuring

the continuity of the production process and sale of the enterprise's products.

REDEMPTION FUND 319714219816 – fund created for

repayment of monetary obligations, renewal of fixed production assets, issue of shares that are collateral for obtaining a loan, etc.

PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT FUND 648317219498 – a fund intended to finance the implementation of scientific and technological progress, the renewal of fixed production assets, the improvement of production organization, the conduct of research and development work, and the implementation of other organizational and technical measures.

STOCK EXCHANGE 49831721947 – a constantly functioning market where shares, bonds, and other securities are bought and sold.

LABOR EQUITY RATIO 31961421971 – the average annual cost of fixed production assets per average employee of the enterprise.

INCREMENTAL ASSET CAPACITY 319718219614 – an indicator that is used to assess the impact of various factors on the level of utilization of fixed production assets in the period under study.

PRODUCT INTENSITY 319718317498 is an indicator,

the inverse of the return on assets; it is used to determine the need for fixed production assets. It is calculated as the ratio of the average annual cost of fixed production assets to the cost of manufactured products for a certain period.

SPECIFIC INTENSITY 619314219498 is an economic indicator used to determine the additional need for fixed production assets.

RETURN ON ASSETS 317518614217 is a general indicator characterizing the use of fixed production

assets.

ACTIVE RETURN ON ASSETS 319317219498 is a return on assets,

which is calculated not by the entire cost of fixed production assets, but only by the cost of their active part.

EQUIPMENT WORKING TIME FUNDS

489891318514 – include the calendar fund, i.e. the number of calendar days in a year multiplied by 24 hours).

DEMAND FORMATION 94218319718 – a system of organizational and economic measures of the marketing service of an enterprise to ensure the sale of finished products, which is developed based on the results of an analysis of existing markets in order to assess the solvency of potential buyers, the level of competitiveness of their own products and the potential capabilities of competitors, meeting needs and the likelihood of the emergence of substitute goods.

FRANCO 498319519451 – distribution of transportation costs during the purchase and sale (delivery) of goods.

FREIGHT 498513219714 – payment for the transportation of goods and materials or passengers by water. Charged after transportation.

FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 514212819471 – a field of scientific research dealing with the study of the objective laws of development of nature, society, productive forces and the creation of a scientific basis for the design of new equipment, technology, etc.

MARKET FUNCTIONS 618319318516 – a set of functions performed in the process of commodity circulation and satisfaction of demand for goods and materials and services through interrelated purchase and sale transactions between the buyer and the seller.

FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF MARKETING DEPARTMENTS 618317819498 – ensuring advertising of products and services, stimulating the sale of finished products and marketing research.

SUPPLY FUNCTION 514518914217 – mathematical

dependence of the cost of the volume of produced goods and materials and offered services entering the relevant markets (supply volume) on such factors as the cost of resources, the efficiency of technological

processes, tax policy, competitiveness, prices for similar goods and services, etc.

DEMAND FUNCTION 513819719498 – mathematical dependence of the demand for various goods and services on such factors

as the emergence of substitute goods, an increase in the number of buyers, an increase in their solvency, etc.

21

HIREING 491516319318 – a medium-term lease agreement (from one year to five years); one of the forms of leasing.

HEDGING 498516319714 – insurance of risks associated with changes in prices, exchange rates, shares.

BUSINESS ACCOUNTING 316819719718 – a system of continuous accounting of the entire set of current and one-time costs associated with the production of goods and the provision of services.

HOLDING COMPANY 498516219478 – a joint-stock company that owns a controlling stake in other legal entities and exercises control over their activities and the distribution of income in the form of dividends.

STORAGE OF MATERIALS 497518219681 – a set of organizational and technical measures that prevent the loss of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of materials stored in warehouses.

TIMEKEEPING 598498319718 – measuring the expenditure of worker’s working time on performing specified technological operations in order to establish the labor intensity of these operations.

22

TARGET MARKETING 51631421949 – economically justified selection of segments with an indication of the list of goods for

each segment.

PRICE 519491 498 614 718712 – monetary expression of the cost

of goods; an economic category that allows indirectly measuring the working time expended on the production of goods.

STATE PRICE 519498 714 – price set by state bodies.

NEGOTIABLE PRICE 8 491 697 818 – price established

based on an agreement between the manufacturer (seller)

and the consumer (buyer).

PRICE OF INTELLECTUAL PRODUCTS

8,491,798,6,491 – price established on the basis of the balance of economic interests of the manufacturer and consumer, which take into account all technical data, economic characteristics that determine supply and demand.

LOWER LIMIT PRICE 819498219,614 – lower price limit at which the manufacturer is reimbursed for current production costs and ensures a profit calculated on the basis of the profitability standard.

PRICE OF NEW PRODUCTS 219,684,888,717 – upper price limit for a new product or the conditional maximum price of a new product at which production and consumption are equally beneficial to both the manufacturer and the consumer.

ENTERPRISE WHOLESALE PRICE 894 671918 491 – the price of a product at which expenses are reimbursed and profit is ensured.

INDUSTRIAL WHOLESALE PRICE 491 318219 714 – the price of a product set in addition to the wholesale price of an enterprise.

SALES PRICE 894 317 218 491 – a type of wholesale

price; the price at which an enterprise releases, gives away its goods

to consumers; the price of products released by procurement organizations.

BUYER'S PRICE 691 718219 71 – the upper limit of the price

that a consumer of a product (service) can pay.

SELLER'S PRICE 319 684219 81 is the price limit below which the manufacturer will not be able to obtain a minimum profit.

STATE RETAIL PRICE 584 698319 81 is the final price at which consumer goods and some tools and objects of labor are sold through the retail network.

MARKET PRICE 398 698218 61 is the price at which goods are bought and sold on the relevant market.

FREE PRICE 314 713898 64 is a type of market

or contractual price that is set by the manufacturer based on demand or an agreement between the buyer and the seller.

INVOICE PRICE 914 481219 61 – price reflected in the document for the delivered goods.

PRICE COMPETITION 519 618319 714 – rivalry

between producers based on price reductions for

similar goods.

PRICE DISCOUNT 319 818916 713 – price reduction as a result of changes in the market situation or terms of a trade

agreement, for example, a price discount for a seasonal product.

PRICING 548 621598 317 – the process of forming prices for goods and services.

CAPITAL CENTRALIZATION 721 482819 617 – unification of small producers and financial organizations into larger business unions and financial centers.

COMPARABLE PRICES 318 648219 717 – prices reduced in value to the conditions of a certain period, on a certain date.

23

PRIVATE PROPERTY 519 618317 481 – the right of legal entities and individuals to dispose of their own movable and immovable property.

NUMBER OF NON-INDUSTRIAL STAFF

319 718219 814 – includes categories of workers employed in the non-industrial sphere of the enterprise, i.e. workers maintaining buildings and structures in working order; personnel of medical and childcare institutions, etc.

NUMBER OF MAIN WORKERS-PIECE-MAKERS

518 485 319 47 – is determined depending on the labor intensity of the products, the annual volume of production of products, the annual fund of working time of one worker.

NUMBER OF INDUSTRIAL AND PRODUCTION STAFF 498319489818 – includes categories of workers involved in production: workers, engineering and technical workers, junior service personnel, etc.

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES AT THE ENTERPRISE

61971381948 – an indicator reflecting the average headcount of industrial and production and non-industrial

personnel.

PURE COMPETITION 519618319417 – a market situation with a large number of producers and consumers,

who are in equal economic conditions.

PURE MONOPOLY 318614219718 – a market situation,

in which a product is represented by a single producer in the absence of competitors and the presence of various benefits and privileges from the state.

NET PROFIT 516318319717 – profit remaining at the disposal of the enterprise after paying taxes. Calculated as the difference between gross profit and payments to the budget.

NET OUTPUT 819714319612 – an economic indicator defined as the difference between gross output and the sum of material costs and depreciation; in other words, it is wages plus profit.

NET DISCOUNTED INCOME 514216519718 – an economic indicator used to select the most effective option for an investment project.

24

PENALTIES 498517219491 – payments made by one of the parties for breach of obligations set out in the agreement, in order to compensate for losses.

25

EVICATION 514318485497 – a court decision on the transfer of acquired property to the actual owner due to the fact that the seller did not have the legal right to sell it.

ECONOMICS 519318498614 – a scientific discipline that studies the processes of economic activity of an enterprise (microeconomics), industries (mesoeconomics), large-scale economic phenomena and processes – inflation, employment level, etc. (macroeconomics).

MIXED ECONOMY 517219319648 – an economy characterized by the presence of various forms of ownership.

SHADOW ECONOMY 51621831949 – a part of the economy

of a country in which there is no public control over the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of material goods.

ECONOMIC CATEGORY 69831821971 – a theoretical expression of the main aspects of production relations,

which develop in the process of creating material goods, their sale and consumption.

ECONOMIC LOGISTICS 518317216498 – economic assessment of each stage (step) of the movement of material flows (information, etc.), starting from the acquisition of raw materials and materials to ensure production processes and up to the transportation of finished products to the place of sale.

ECONOMIC POLICY 694318219718 – a set of organizational and managerial measures for economic development, developed and approved to achieve goals and objectives at various levels of management, starting from the enterprise (increasing the level of competitiveness of production and goods) and up to the government level (tax and investment policy, etc.).

ABSOLUTE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

(GENERAL) 316518498917 – the effectiveness of capital investments in the national economy, economic region, industry, construction of new and reconstruction of existing enterprises, etc.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENT PROJECT 614212319491 – the effectiveness of investment project implementation.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF CAPITAL INVESTMENTS 518317219491 – an indicator reflecting the feasibility of one-time costs, which is based on the comparison of the obtained effect (savings, profit, etc.) and capital investments that ensured this result.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NEW TECHNOLOGY 518316498217 – the result of the implementation of scientific and technological progress, compared with the capital costs of implementing this event.

COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY 514289598617 – an indicator that is used when choosing the best option for solving an economic problem.

ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM 519819491712 – a hypothetical situation on the market when there is an identity of supply and demand for goods available on the market.

SAVINGS 59421849871 – a system of organizational and technical measures aimed at the rational use of material, labor and monetary resources in the process of production of commodity and material assets.

SAVINGS IN WAGES 561498519712 – savings achieved as a result of reducing labor intensity, i.e. time to produce a unit of output.

SAVINGS IN MATERIAL AND ENERGY

RESOURCES 564189498712 – savings achieved as a result of implementing measures to improve the use of material and energy resources.

SAVINGS IN DEPRECIATION CHARGES 219314218714 – savings achieved as a result of improving the use of the effective operating time fund of equipment.

SAVINGS IN CONDITIONALLY FIXED COSTS

498716219714 – savings achieved by increasing production volume.

LABOR SAVING 498713318516 – release of the number of workers achieved as a result of.

FREIGHT FORWARDING AGENT 498 491319 81 – a legal entity that carries out, on the basis of concluded contracts, the delivery of material assets (goods) from the manufacturer to the consumer (trading organization).

ELASTICITY OF SUPPLY 498 614219 718 – the ratio of changes in sales volume and price of goods.

ELASTICITY OF DEMAND 516 718219 614 – the ratio of changes in price and demand for goods.

POWER EFFICIENCY OF LABOR 714 728519 618 – an indicator reflecting the capacity of the corresponding energy carriers per average worker.

INCOME EFFECT 518 617219 71 – a change in the real income of the buyer as a result of an increase or decrease in price.

LABOR EFFECT 519 649319 718 – a change in real income due to pricing.

ECONOMIC EFFECT 598 671291 649 - the result of the implementation of the relevant measure, which can be expressed as savings from reduced cost, profit, increased profit or national income, etc.

ANNUAL ECONOMIC EFFECT 519 618219 717 - the result of economic activity, which is calculated based on the compared options for making capital investments and is the difference between the discounted costs adjusted for the annual production volume.

EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT EFFICIENCY

319 618219 718 - in addition to reducing the average age of equipment and increasing the annual effective operating time of equipment, it ensures an increase in the share of advanced equipment, and, consequently, the technical level of production. EFFICIENT MARKET 698 721319 78 – a condition that ensures immediate response to market prices.

EFFICIENT TIME FUND (REAL) 614 212318 617 – usefully used time during the planning period.

26

LEGAL ENTITY 518 612319 718 – an organization, enterprise, firm, which, in accordance with the current legislation, act as an independent bearer

of rights and obligations and have the main characteristics of a legal entity.

27

FAIR 516 218319 712 – a type of periodically

functioning market for the sale of means of production, consumer goods and services. Methods of business in eternal development

1. Participants in business in eternal development can set one goal of ensuring eternal life, this ensures such a combination of events that contributes to the success of the business.

2. For the purposes of business planning, it is necessary to set eternal development in all areas of goal implementation. The features of such business planning can be multiple interrelations for business development, which are better systematized by classes and

directions. When new areas of business arise, standard systems of eternal development of business management can be applied.

3. Form a modern business by taking into account current

achievements in society and the development of business management, using forecasts correlated in the direction of eternal development.

4. The organization of the eternal business planning process should be carried out in the presence of data on competitors, partners and sales markets. It is advisable to implement a standard plan

for transforming competitive relations into partnerships.

5. In the essence and meaning of business planning for eternal development, it is necessary to consider the law of continuity in the inflow of material goods and intangible assets that ensure eternal

life.

6. In the business of eternal development, it is important to link the presentation of business plans with the history of the organization's business, which clearly reflects the organization's contribution to ensuring eternal life.

7. With eternal development, it is advisable to audit the business plan in such a way as to ensure eternal development

with recommendations corresponding to the laws of eternal development or to establish a standard related to eternal document flow.

8. It is necessary to increase the role, practice and possibilities of business planning in the processes of achieving international business development.

9. Considering business as a system of interrelations, it is necessary

to find such areas that create the following reality

of eternal development.

10. In the functions of business planning it is necessary to implement

the principle of eternal development, which establishes eternally connected structures in business plans.

14. The peculiarities of drawing up business plans in the structures of eternal development consist in the fact that the principle of eternal development of events in each event should be taken into account.

12. It is necessary to implement the principle of eternal development in business, which consists in the fact that over time from different documents it is possible to obtain similar levels of management.

13. When implementing eternal development, it is necessary to receive business technologies in all areas of business from the principle of eternal life for all.

14. Methods of forecasting profits and losses should be linked to each other by both direct receipt of information about events based on the development of spiritual abilities and by generalizing information from different time intervals.

15. In developing business characteristics, it is necessary to include eternal connections between both internal systems of business technologies and external ones, including the predicted events.

16. When analyzing the business environment of an organization, it is necessary to take into account the coefficient of mutual influence of business systems on ensuring the goal of eternal development.

17. The marketing plan must include the development of the properties of eternity emanating from goods.

18. The production plan must include activities that ensure eternal life for participants in business processes.

19. Implement the business principle of eternal development through the organizational plan, which states that a greater intersection of eternal life events creates significantly greater consequences that ensure eternal life.

20. Introduce funds into the financial plan specifically intended to ensure eternal life.

21. In assessing risk, use the principle of natural risk reduction in the implementation of eternal development.

22. Apply business organization methods that combine spiritual management of reality with specific practice.

23. When drawing up any business plans, proceed from the principle of the eternity of a person who has knowledge of eternal development.

24. Use all possible achievements of science, technology and spiritual technologies of eternal development to develop your business.

25. In the conclusions of the business plan, demonstrate the logic of development of business processes that ensure eternal life.

26. Implement the principle of universality of the laws of business of eternal development.

27. When providing data on the business, report on the possibility of their use for the development of other areas of entrepreneurial activity.

28. In the product information, explicitly or implicitly include information that allows the use of this product or its combination with other products to ensure eternal

development.

29. When conducting economic research for business development, first of all, identify for possible development those areas that have more significant signs of eternal

development.

30. Adhere to the principle of structuring areas of activity in the market, in which an activity saturated with eternal

development technologies should contribute to the saturation of all other areas of the market with eternal

development technologies.

31. Try to generalize information coming from different

market economy systems to objectify the achievements of eternal

development through business technologies.

32. Develop your and other people's abilities that allow you to

ensure eternal life by any creative means.

33. Combine different markets by implementing the idea of ​​eternal

development.

34. Assess the business situation not only economically, but also by the results of spiritual development, ensuring eternal life for all. Intensively develop in a business environment simultaneous educational courses and technologies that allow you to obtain general and spiritual education, ensuring eternal life for students and all other people.

35. Use the experience of implementing eternal development, transferred by other business structures.

36. Create the sustainability of enterprises of eternal development in the market by fully accounting for all information about the market, including data from predictive management technologies.

37. Manage the predicted situation in advance, focusing on the goal of ensuring eternal development.

38. Use implemented projects that ensure eternal development as template systems.

39. Attract known methods of selling goods and develop new ones that ensure eternal development.

40. At any level of business activity, always implement

ensuring eternal life for yourself and everyone else.

41. Ensure an increase in technologies of eternal development with

an increase in the operating time of your business.

42. Sell goods in such a way that the sold goods contribute to the sale of the next goods,

ensuring eternal development.

43. Inform about the business that ensures eternal development,

without restrictions, since ensuring the eternal life of

each person is always legal, corresponds to all moral

and ethical public principles.

44. Implement eternal development through business technologies

systematically, carry out the planned in accordance with the established time.

45. Detail business schemes to such a level as to take into account

all elements that allow you to most effectively ensure

eternal life.

46. Determine the data proving that your business contributes to the process of ensuring eternal life for each person, and

on this basis, attract third parties to cooperation.

47. In accordance with the law of universal eternal development, constantly increase the volume of sales of goods and intellectual products.

48. Manage to increase the potential of the business for the sale of the necessary products that ensure eternal life.

49. Widely apply dynamic, self-replenishing systems that allow for the implementation of a business of eternal development.

50. Develop business links in such a way as to more effectively

apply the principle of mutual influence of each business link and

external systems in eternal development.

51. Always set the priority of guaranteed provision of eternal life for business participants and, at the same time, for all

others in any projects.

52. Conduct activities in accordance with the law of mandatory access of eternal life technologies to each person.

53. Regularly apply methods of spiritual predictive management along with economic methods to obtain optimal data that ensure eternal development.

54. Use a combination of different spheres and objects of business processes to increase resources that ensure eternal development.

55. Maintain the necessary amount of financial resources,

allowing you to ensure eternal development.

Methods of business management

In technologies of eternal development, you often have to act and work in areas that were previously unknown.

Therefore, for technologies of eternal development, small business is

one of the means to achieve the goal, including the transition level to medium and large business: 419 819 719 81. And considering that a person who develops eternally can always master any

structure, then small business for him can be a means

to achieve some local goal. For example, when

we are talking about business in third countries, in remote countries, where, for example, a person has not been before, and he wants to set up some

business sphere for the dissemination of eternal development technologies:

719 419 814.

The structure of a small business can have great advantages over other types of activity in terms of independence, which is an important, and often the main factor in

eternal development technologies: 819 419 714. At the same time, you need to strive to help people as quickly as possible in mastering eternal development technologies through your personal business:

914 819 87.

It is also necessary to create an independent source of financing for eternal development technologies: 518 491 617.

When doing business, it is advisable to develop self-organization. In order to be an organized person, you can use the number series: 419875 - in order to engage in eternal development technologies. At the same time, this series should be in your perception as if at a distance from you in the emerging event, that is, the series under which are all the events that you are engaged in, for example, the current day and prospective, immediate or strategic. Thus, the relationship with the number series allows you to organize yourself and be an organized person without taking any unnecessary actions.

In the action plan for personal self-organization, developing the ability of predictive management, the following series can be used: 419 818719 849. It should be taken into account that the concept of ability in the technology of eternal development is such that a person can achieve any ability. Naturally, a person is capable of doing what is necessary for his eternal development, including mastering any business. A series for you to have the necessary knowledge and skills: 514918919.

In the technologies of eternal development, it is important that

time is often determined by the event factor, and not just the time factor, so here you need to use the number series: 914 41981.

This series allows you to combine events and time. And in the future,

for example, when measuring some of your positions by events, and

not by time, for example, the events of a successful large business through a small business, you can immediately optimize your work now. That is, what you need to pay attention to, and what you

don't. For this, there is a number series that optimizes

choice: 419 814.

The Creator created everyone equal, and you, with your actions, also have almost equal chances. In this case, you can simply

consider that at the moment you can know the subject area more deeply. But, nevertheless, it is necessary to take into account that

others can master this in the structure of eternal development.

This means that the more and more effectively you master the knowledge of eternal development, the more such opportunities others have. Thus, the knowledge of eternal development has high social

significance, and by mastering it, you contribute to the eternal life of all people.

The assessment of knowledge aimed at eternal development in terms of increasing this knowledge in any area is determined by the following numerical series: 418 718419 412.

Self-assessment and assessment by others in the technologies of eternal development result in a plan of common actions. In order to have a high opinion of you as a person capable of mastering the knowledge of eternal life, you need to use the number series: 419 818719 914481.

This helps at the level of psychology of management in a team, since

other members of the team and society also understand that

it is possible to master your level of knowledge of eternal life.

In the technologies of eternal development, it is always necessary to harmoniously balance at the level of family-wide decisions, and therefore for this there is a certain number series, which, first of all, creates conditions of harmony for all family members, and

including in the reaction of friends. The series is as follows:

814 418 719.

In the technologies of eternal development, the task is often determined by the obligatory need to achieve the result of the action, to settle the situation in any case. Classes and any hobbies

– they have an internal substructure of constant focus on eternal development and the acquisition of the next new knowledge. It is correct to concentrate your knowledge in such a way that

both hobbies and activities of a specific business are harmoniously connected within the framework of achieving the common goal of eternal development:

718 419 47148.

Your entrepreneurial activity, by means of which you help people to live forever, and, moreover, implement specific technologies, including those that are often little known at the first levels of development of society in the direction of eternity, - of course, it is a foregone conclusion that it is useful to people. It is just a question of how appropriate it will be in general economic relations. Here it is necessary to consider not only your focus, but also the objective economic realities that exist in the region and in society as a whole:

419,718,814.

When you declare that your enterprise works with the aim of implementing technologies of eternal development, it is necessary to take into account the following: the potential advantages of an enterprise engaged in eternal development are quite obvious, since they take into account many more factors of ordinary business and lay down more potential opportunities, more degrees of reliability and sustainability. This is necessary in order to distribute superprofits and profits to the level of future development in the technologies of eternity. Therefore, this is already an advantage. Then, of course, you must show that the advantages can also be ideological.

For example, working under the trademarks GRABOVOI® or GRIGORI

GRABOVOI® indicates that people working under this sign simultaneously support the ideology of eternal development, connected with the eternal life of all people according to the Teachings of Grigori Grabovoi. Thus, you can show the advantages of your future enterprise, including on an ideological basis, which can be oriented toward the individual.

Your focus on the structure of eternal development is such that you can fully offer more reliable goods or better quality services, and in the sense that the quality of the service is determined by the focus on eternal development. That is, the state of the person to whom the service is offered is taken into account, which orients him or her towards eternal development, therefore, it provides a health complex, a complex of technologies of eternal development, at the same time developing business technologies as such:

51949871941.

There is a need for mandatory sustainability of business with the goal of eternal development, therefore many general directions in business technologies, they begin to have a special meaning. The concept of the benefit of using a favorable case in technologies of eternal development is such that the case in eternity is actually systemic. A person must understand that he must internally manage that such situations will be constant, which will constantly develop his

business: 814918712. At the same time, he must actively manage in

this regard and take all methods and means to achieve this: 819419417.

We should talk about the ability to use any, even the most insignificant, but convenient for you circumstances:

419 488 71. When you consider the technology of eternal life in

any circumstance, then these circumstances begin to develop very rapidly and fruitfully for you, showing ever greater

prospects: 819 716. Then the most important thing for you is to organize your work, since there are always often a lot of good and favorable circumstances: 719 418 71.

Your entrepreneurial activity, by means of which you help people to live forever, and, moreover, implement specific technologies, including those that are often little known at the first levels of development of society in the direction of eternity, - of course, it is a foregone conclusion that it is useful to people. It is just a question of how appropriate it will be in general economic relations. Here it is necessary to consider not only your focus, but also the objective economic realities that exist in the region and in society as a whole:

419,718,814.

When you declare that your enterprise works with the aim of implementing technologies of eternal development, it is necessary to take into account the following: the potential advantages of an enterprise engaged in eternal development are quite obvious, since they take into account many more factors of ordinary business and lay down more potential opportunities, more degrees of reliability and sustainability. This is necessary in order to distribute superprofits and profits to the level of future development in the technologies of eternity. Therefore, this is already an advantage. Then, of course, you must show that the advantages can also be ideological. For example, working under the trademarks GRABOVOI® or GRIGORI

GRABOVOI® indicates that people working under this sign simultaneously support the ideology of eternal development, connected with the eternal life of all people according to the Teachings of Grigori Grabovoi. Thus, you can show the advantages of your future enterprise, including on an ideological basis, which can be oriented toward the individual.

Your focus on the structure of eternal development is such that you can fully offer more reliable goods or better quality services, and in the sense that the quality of the service is determined by the focus on eternal development. That is, the state of the person to whom the service is offered is taken into account, which orients him or her towards eternal development, therefore, it provides a health complex, a complex of technologies of eternal development, at the same time developing business technologies as such: 51949871941.

There is a need for mandatory sustainability of business with the goal of eternal development, therefore many general directions in business technologies, they begin to have a special meaning. The concept of the benefit of using a favorable case in technologies of eternal development is such that the case in eternity is actually systemic. A person must understand that he must internally manage that such situations will be constant, which will constantly develop his

business: 814918712. At the same time, he must actively manage in

this regard and take all methods and means to achieve this: 819419417.

We should talk about the ability to use any, even the most insignificant, but convenient for you circumstances:

419 488 71. When you consider the technology of eternal life in

any circumstance, then these circumstances begin to develop very rapidly and fruitfully for you, showing ever greater

prospects: 819 716. Then the most important thing for you is to organize your work, since there are always often a lot of good and favorable circumstances: 719 418 71.